TY  - JOUR
A1  - Johnson, Kim L.
A1  - Lenhard, Michael
T1  - Genetic control of plant organ growth
JF  - New phytologist : international journal of plant science
N2  - The growth of plant organs is under genetic control. Work in model species has identified a considerable number of genes that regulate different aspects of organ growth. This has led to an increasingly detailed knowledge about how the basic cellular processes underlying organ growth are controlled, and which factors determine when proliferation gives way to expansion, with this transition emerging as a critical decision point during primordium growth. Progress has been made in elucidating the genetic basis of allometric growth and the role of tissue polarity in shaping organs. We are also beginning to understand how the mechanisms that determine organ identity influence local growth behaviour to generate organs with characteristic sizes and shapes. Lastly, growth needs to be coordinated at several levels, for example between different cell layers and different regions within one organ, and the genetic basis for such coordination is being elucidated. However, despite these impressive advances, a number of basic questions are still not fully answered, for example, whether and how a growing primordium keeps track of its size. Answering these questions will likely depend on including additional approaches that are gaining in power and popularity, such as combined live imaging and modelling.
KW  - growth coordination
KW  - organ growth
KW  - organ identity
KW  - organ shape
KW  - organ size
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03737.x
SN  - 0028-646X
VL  - 191
IS  - 2
SP  - 319
EP  - 333
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Malden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sicard, Adrien
A1  - Lenhard, Michael
T1  - The selfing syndrome  a model for studying the genetic and evolutionary basis of morphological adaptation in plants
JF  - Annals of botany
N2  - Background In angiosperm evolution, autogamously selfing lineages have been derived from outbreeding ancestors multiple times, and this transition is regarded as one of the most common evolutionary tendencies in flowering plants. In most cases, it is accompanied by a characteristic set of morphological and functional changes to the flowers, together termed the selfing syndrome. Two major areas that have changed during evolution of the selfing syndrome are sex allocation to male vs. female function and flower morphology, in particular flower (mainly petal) size and the distance between anthers and stigma.
 Scope A rich body of theoretical, taxonomic, ecological and genetic studies have addressed the evolutionary modification of these two trait complexes during or after the transition to selfing. Here, we review our current knowledge about the genetics and evolution of the selfing syndrome.
 Conclusions We argue that because of its frequent parallel evolution, the selfing syndrome represents an ideal model for addressing basic questions about morphological evolution and adaptation in flowering plants, but that realizing this potential will require the molecular identification of more of the causal genes underlying relevant trait variation.
KW  - Evolution
KW  - selfing syndrome
KW  - autogamy
KW  - pollen-to-ovule ratio
KW  - flower size
KW  - herkogamy
KW  - quantitative trait loci
KW  - self-incompatibility
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcr023
SN  - 0305-7364
SN  - 1095-8290
VL  - 107
IS  - 9
SP  - 1433
EP  - 1443
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  -