TY - BOOK ED - Krieger, Heike ED - Nolte, Georg ED - Zimmermann, Andreas T1 - The International Rule of Law: Rise or Decline? BT - Foundational Challenges Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-0-19-884360-3 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kleemann, Steven T1 - The Forgotten War: Yemen JF - Staat, Recht und Politik – Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere JF - State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers N2 - The conflict in Yemen seems forgotten considering the worldwide severe humanitarian catastrophes. Nevertheless, since the conflict escalated around four years ago, it became one of the worst humanitarian crises in recent history and has no end in sight. Thousands of people were killed even more displaced and the country is facing tremendous food insecurity as well as the world’s largest cholera outbreak. It is no longer just a civil war between the Houthi- and Hadi-Faction. International interests play a major role and made it a proxy war between Saudi Arabia (and its allies) on one side and Iran on the other. This all happens at the expense of the civilian population. Therefore, it is urgent to analyse the actors involved, their interests within the conflict and furthermore searching for possibilities to overcome it. N2 - Der Konflikt im Jemen scheint angesichts der schweren humanitären Katastrophen weltweit in Vergessenheit geraten zu sein. Dennoch hat sich der Konflikt seit seiner Eskalation vor rund vier Jahren zu einer der schwersten humanitären Krisen der jüngeren Geschichte entwickelt ohne dass ein Ende in Sicht ist. Tausende von Menschen wurden getötet und noch mehr vertrieben; das Land steht vor einer enormen Ernährungsunsi-cherheit und dem größten Cholera-Ausbruch der Welt. Es ist nicht mehr allein ein Bürgerkrieg zwischen der Houthi- und Hadi-Fraktion. Internationale Interessen spielen eine große Rolle. Es handelt sich um einen Stellvertreterkrieg zwischen Saudi-Arabien (und seinen Verbündeten) auf der einen und dem Iran auf der anderen Seite. Dies alles geschieht auf Kosten der Zivilbevölkerung. Daher ist es dringend geboten, die beteiligten Akteure, ihre Interessen im Konflikt zu analysieren und darüber hinaus nach Möglichkeiten zu suchen, diesen zu überwinden. T3 - Staat, Recht und Politik – Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere = State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers - 8 KW - Yemen KW - humanitarian crisis KW - conflict resolution KW - international conflict Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430716 SN - 2509-6974 IS - 8 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Letsiou Häusler, Anna A1 - Beckenkamp, Nicolas A1 - Röthlisberger, Livia ED - Weiß, Norman T1 - New Dimensions of an Old Dilemma BT - Hate Speech and Freedom of Expression T2 - Staat, Recht und Politik – Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere T2 - State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers N2 - Unfolding the history of one of the oldest human val-ues, the freedom of expression, while defining its limits, is a complicated task. Does freedom stop where hate starts? This very old dilemma is -now more than ever before- revealing new dimensions. Politicians and new laws aim at regulating free expression, while disagree-ments over such regulation gradually become a source of endless conflict in newly formed multicultural, inter-connected, and digitized societies. The example of the Network Enforcement Act is used to understand the idea of restrictive legal practices in Germany, but also to enlighten the fact that law is a human construction which was created in order to regulate communication among individuals. Alternative practices, to straight legal ones, are summarized to show other dimensions of regulating hate speech without involving top-down approaches. The article proposes the approach of re-storative justice as a combination of legal and medita-tive practices in cases of hate speech. One advantage of the restorative justice approach elaborated in this arti-cle is the potential to remedy the inner hate and the pain, both of the victim and perpetrator. Finally, reveal-ing parts of history and new aspects of the ‘hate speech-puzzle’, leads to a questioning of contemporary social structures that possibly generate hate itself. N2 - Der Schutzbereich und die Grenzen der Meinungsfrei-heit müssen stets auf neue definiert und sie muss ge-gebenenfalls mit anderen Menschenrechten abgewogen werden. Hört die Freiheit dort auf, wo der Hass be-ginnt? Mit neuen Gesetzen zielen Politiker auf die Re-gulierung der freien Meinungsäußerung ab, während Meinungsverschiedenheiten über solche Regulierungen zu einer Quelle endloser Konflikte in neu gebildeten multikulturellen, miteinander verbundenen und digita-lisierten Gesellschaften werden. Am Beispiel des Netz-werkdurchsetzungsgesetzes wird die Idee restriktiver Rechtspraktiken in Deutschland untersucht, aber auch aufgezeigt, dass Recht eine menschliche Konstruktion ist, die geschaffen wurde, um die Kommunikation zwi-schen Individuen zu regeln. Alternative, nicht aus-schließlich juristische Praktiken werden zusammenge-fasst, um andere Dimensionen der Regulierung von Hassreden aufzuzeigen, die ohne Top-down-Ansätze auskommen. Wir schlagen den Ansatz der restorativen Gerechtigkeit als eine Kombination aus rechtlichen und meditativen Praktiken in Fällen von Hassrede vor. Ein Vorteil des in diesem Artikel erarbeiteten restaurativen Gerechtigkeitsansatzes ist das Potenzial, den inneren Hass und den Schmerz von Opfern und Tätern zu beseitigen. T3 - Staat, Recht und Politik – Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere = State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers - 7 KW - Freedom of expression KW - Hate speech Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-424869 SN - 2509-6974 IS - 7 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Steiger, Dominik ED - Witzleb, Normann ED - Paterson, Moira ED - Richardson, Janice T1 - International law and new challenges to democracy in the digital age BT - big data, privacy and interferences with the political process T2 - Big data, political campaigning and the law : democracy and privacy in the age of micro-targeting N2 - This chapter aims to analyse whether and how democracy is actually threatened by big-data-based operations and what role international law can play to respond to this possible threat. It shows how big-data-based operations challenge democracy and how international law can help in defending it. The chapter focuses on both state and non-state actors may undermine democracy through big data operations; although democracy as such is a rather underdeveloped concept in international law, which is often more concerned with effectivity than legitimacy – international law protects against these challenges via a democracy-based approach rooted in international human rights law on the one hand, and the principle of non-intervention on the other hand. Thus, although democracy does not play a major role in international law, international law nevertheless is able to protect democracy against challenges from the inside as well as outside. KW - Computer Science KW - Humanities KW - Law KW - Politics & International Relations KW - Social Sciences Y1 - 2019 SN - 9780429288654 SN - 9780367230548 SN - 9781032082554 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429288654 SP - 71 EP - 98 PB - Routledge CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bauer, Hartmut A1 - Meier, Michael T1 - Green Light for PPP on German Motorways? JF - Frontiers of law in China N2 - While public–private partnerships (PPPs) have surged worldwide since the 1990s, they have been met with growing skepticism during the last years. A recent revision of Germany’s constitutional rules on motorway construction and observations on the use of PPPs published by both the German and the European Courts of Auditors illustrate this new caution. These two examples fit into a general trend towards a revival of the public sector, which can be summarized under the cross-level umbrella term “publicization.” It would, however, be remiss to replace the uncritical euphoria that once surrounded privatization with a similarly undifferentiated euphoria regarding publicization. Rather, it is crucial to identify the most appropriate solution for the fulfilment of each public task from the “toolbox” of publicization on the one hand and privatization on the other hand in order to ensure the most effective completion of public functions. KW - publicization KW - remunicipalization KW - recommunalization KW - nationalization KW - renationalization KW - public-private-partnerships KW - PPPs KW - privatization KW - motorways KW - infrastructure KW - construction KW - toll KW - economic efficiency KW - court of auditors KW - debt ceiling KW - economic impact analysis Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3868/s050-008-019-0016-2 SN - 1673-3428 SN - 1673-3541 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 311 EP - 334 PB - Higher education Press CY - Beijing ER -