TY  - JOUR
A1  - Scheller, Frieder W.
A1  - Yarman, Aysu
A1  - Bachmann, Till
A1  - Hirsch, Thomas
A1  - Kubick, Stefan
A1  - Renneberg, Reinhard
A1  - Schumacher, Soeren
A1  - Wollenberger, Ursula
A1  - Teller, Carsten
A1  - Bier, Frank Fabian
ED  - Gu, MB
ED  - Kim, HS
T1  - Future of biosensors: a personal view
JF  - Advances in biochemical engineering, biotechnology
JF  - Advances in Biochemical Engineering-Biotechnology
N2  - Biosensors representing the technological counterpart of living senses have found routine application in amperometric enzyme electrodes for decentralized blood glucose measurement, interaction analysis by surface plasmon resonance in drug development, and to some extent DNA chips for expression analysis and enzyme polymorphisms. These technologies have already reached a highly advanced level and need minor improvement at most. The dream of the "100-dollar' personal genome may come true in the next few years provided that the technological hurdles of nanopore technology or of polymerase-based single molecule sequencing can be overcome. Tailor-made recognition elements for biosensors including membrane-bound enzymes and receptors will be prepared by cell-free protein synthesis. As alternatives for biological recognition elements, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been created. They have the potential to substitute antibodies in biosensors and biochips for the measurement of low-molecular-weight substances, proteins, viruses, and living cells. They are more stable than proteins and can be produced in large amounts by chemical synthesis. Integration of nanomaterials, especially of graphene, could lead to new miniaturized biosensors with high sensitivity and ultrafast response. In the future individual therapy will include genetic profiling of isoenzymes and polymorphic forms of drug-metabolizing enzymes especially of the cytochrome P450 family. For defining the pharmacokinetics including the clearance of a given genotype enzyme electrodes will be a useful tool. For decentralized online patient control or the integration into everyday "consumables' such as drinking water, foods, hygienic articles, clothing, or for control of air conditioners in buildings and cars and swimming pools, a new generation of "autonomous' biosensors will emerge.
KW  - Biosensors
KW  - Molecularly imprinted polymers
KW  - Personalized medicine
Y1  - 2014
SN  - 978-3-642-54143-8; 978-3-642-54142-1
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2013_251
SN  - 0724-6145
VL  - 140
SP  - 1
EP  - 28
PB  - Springer
CY  - Berlin
ER  -