TY - JOUR A1 - Zyla, Benjamin T1 - Außenpolitisches Selbstverständnis JF - WeltTrends-Papiere KW - Außenpolitik KW - Interessen KW - Deutschland KW - foreign Policy KW - national interests KW - Germany Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62791 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 20 SP - 38 EP - 41 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wutzler, Bianca A1 - Hudson, Paul A1 - Thieken, Annegret T1 - Adaptation strategies of flood-damaged businesses in Germany JF - Frontiers in water N2 - Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention has been paid to the adaptation strategies of businesses. However, their ability to cope with flood risk plays an important role in the social and economic development of a flood-prone region. Therefore, using quantitative survey data, this study aims to identify different strategies and adaptation drivers of 557 businesses damaged by a riverine flood in 2013 and 104 businesses damaged by pluvial or flash floods between 2014 and 2017. Our results indicate that a low perceived self-efficacy may be an important factor that can reduce the motivation of businesses to adapt to flood risk. Furthermore, property-owners tended to act more proactively than tenants. In addition, high experience with previous flood events and low perceived response costs could strengthen proactive adaptation behavior. These findings should be considered in business-tailored risk communication. KW - risk management KW - climate change adaptation KW - floods KW - disaster risk KW - reduction KW - Germany KW - precaution KW - emergency management Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2022.932061 SN - 2624-9375 VL - 4 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wutzler, Bianca A1 - Hudson, Paul A1 - Thieken, Annegret T1 - Adaptation strategies of flood-damaged businesses in Germany JF - Frontiers in Water N2 - Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention has been paid to the adaptation strategies of businesses. However, their ability to cope with flood risk plays an important role in the social and economic development of a flood-prone region. Therefore, using quantitative survey data, this study aims to identify different strategies and adaptation drivers of 557 businesses damaged by a riverine flood in 2013 and 104 businesses damaged by pluvial or flash floods between 2014 and 2017. Our results indicate that a low perceived self-efficacy may be an important factor that can reduce the motivation of businesses to adapt to flood risk. Furthermore, property-owners tended to act more proactively than tenants. In addition, high experience with previous flood events and low perceived response costs could strengthen proactive adaptation behavior. These findings should be considered in business-tailored risk communication. KW - risk management KW - climate change adaptation KW - floods KW - disaster risk reduction KW - Germany KW - precaution KW - emergency management Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2022.932061 SN - 2624-9375 PB - Frontiers Media SA CY - Lausanne, Schweiz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woop, Gerry T1 - Probleme europäischer Sicherheitspolitik JF - WeltTrends-Papiere N2 - Inhalt: NATO EU Herausforderungen KW - Polen KW - Europäische Union KW - Deutschland KW - Integration KW - Vertiefung KW - Poland KW - European Union KW - Germany KW - Integration KW - Consolidation Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62975 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 15 SP - 87 EP - 95 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wende, Wolfgang A1 - Wojtkiewicz, Wera A1 - Marschall, Ilke A1 - Heiland, Stefan A1 - Lipp, Torsten A1 - Reinke, Markus A1 - Schaal, Peter A1 - Schmidt, Catrin T1 - Putting the plan into practice implementation of proposals for measures of local landscape plans JF - Landscape research N2 - The knowledge of the effectiveness of local landscape planning in Germany is in the main limited to particular cases and derives mostly from qualitative single case studies. This applies especially to the implementation of measures defined by landscape plans. To fill that gap, the paper focuses on the implementation of those measures. Furthermore, it discusses the factors and framework conditions which are crucial for this implementation. The potential factors and conditions of influence were derived from theory and compiled in 20 investigation hypotheses. In order to gain information on the execution of the measures, 28 randomly selected plans were first analysed, then interviews were carried out with administration representatives. It can be stated that landscape planning has positively influenced the development of nature and landscape in the investigated municipalities. A considerable number of measures had been implemented, although landscape planning as a supply-side instrument proposes generally a very large number of measures. Factors with a positive effect on the implementation of landscape planning measures are pointed out. KW - Landscape planning KW - nature conservation KW - effectiveness KW - quantitative research KW - Germany KW - municipality Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2011.592575 SN - 0142-6397 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 483 EP - 500 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Finger, Robert A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Gaiser, Thomas A1 - Ewert, Frank T1 - No perfect storm for crop yield failure in Germany JF - Environmental research letters N2 - Large-scale crop yield failures are increasingly associated with food price spikes and food insecurity and are a large source of income risk for farmers. While the evidence linking extreme weather to yield failures is clear, consensus on the broader set of weather drivers and conditions responsible for recent yield failures is lacking. We investigate this for the case of four major crops in Germany over the past 20 years using a combination of machine learning and process-based modelling. Our results confirm that years associated with widespread yield failures across crops were generally associated with severe drought, such as in 2018 and to a lesser extent 2003. However, for years with more localized yield failures and large differences in spatial patterns of yield failures between crops, no single driver or combination of drivers was identified. Relatively large residuals of unexplained variation likely indicate the importance of non-weather related factors, such as management (pest, weed and nutrient management and possible interactions with weather) explaining yield failures. Models to inform adaptation planning at farm, market or policy levels are here suggested to require consideration of cumulative resource capture and use, as well as effects of extreme events, the latter largely missing in process-based models. However, increasingly novel combinations of weather events under climate change may limit the extent to which data driven methods can replace process-based models in risk assessments. KW - crop yield failure KW - extreme events KW - support vector machine KW - process-based crop model KW - Germany Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba2a4 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 15 IS - 10 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Volgmann, Uta T1 - Die politische Debatte über die europäische Verfassung in Polen JF - WeltTrends-Papiere N2 - Inhalt: Theoretische Grundlagen der Verfassungsgesetzgebung ; Verfassungsgesetzgebung und Verfassungsbedeutung ; Europäischer Verfassungsgebungsprozess ; Verfassungsausarbeitung , Verfassungsdiskussion , Akt der Verfassungsgebung , Verfassungsbedeutung, symbolische Funktionen und Identitätsstiftung , Eine Verfassung für die EU-Bürger ; Die europäische Verfassung aus polnischer Sicht ; Erarbeitung der europäischen Verfassung im Konvent ; Eine europäische Verfassung für die Bürger? ; Ratifikation der europäischen Verfassung ; Identitätsstiftung durch eine europäische Verfassung? ; Vertrag statt Verfassung ; Literatur KW - Polen KW - Europäische Union KW - Deutschland KW - Integration KW - Vertiefung KW - Poland KW - European Union KW - Germany KW - Integration KW - Consolidation Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63113 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 15 SP - 253 EP - 270 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogel, Kristin A1 - Weise, Laura A1 - Schröter, Kai A1 - Thieken, Annegret T1 - Identifying Driving Factors in Flood-Damaging Processes Using Graphical Models JF - Water resources research N2 - Flood damage estimation is a core task in flood risk assessments and requires reliable flood loss models. Identifying the driving factors of flood loss at residential buildings and gaining insight into their relations is important to improve our understanding of flood damage processes. For that purpose, we learn probabilistic graphical models, which capture and illustrate (in-)dependencies between the considered variables. The models are learned based on postevent surveys with flood-affected residents after six flood events, which occurred in Germany between 2002 and 2013. Besides the sustained building damage, the survey data contain information about flooding parameters, early warning and emergency measures, property-level mitigation measures and preparedness, socioeconomic characteristics of the household, and building characteristics. The analysis considers the entire data set with a total of 4,468 cases as well as subsets of the data set partitioned into single flood events and flood types: river floods, levee breaches, surface water flooding, and groundwater floods, to reveal differences in the damaging processes. The learned networks suggest that the flood loss ratio of residential buildings is directly influenced by hydrological and hydraulic aspects as well as by building characteristics and property-level mitigation measures. The study demonstrates also that for different flood events and process types the building damage is influenced by varying factors. This suggests that flood damage models need to be capable of reproducing these differences for spatial and temporal model transfers. KW - flood loss KW - Bayesian Network KW - Markov Blanket KW - vulnerability KW - Germany Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR022858 SN - 0043-1397 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 54 IS - 11 SP - 8864 EP - 8889 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stecker, Christian A1 - Kachel, Jannis A1 - Paasch, Jana T1 - Muster der Landesgesetzgebung BT - eine Analyse aller Landesgesetze zwischen 1990–2020 BT - an analysis of all bills between 1990 and 2020 JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift : PVS : German political science quarterly / hrsg. vom Vorstand der Deutschen Vereinigung für Politikwissenschaft N2 - This research note presents the first systematic documentation of the legislative process in the German state parliaments. The data set comprises 16,610 bills between 1990 and 2020. After a description of the data, we provide illustrative insights into the patterns of law-making. It is shown that these patterns are dominated by the new dualism between government and opposition. Furthermore, the incentives of issue competition are clearly present in the legislative initiatives. There is no evidence, however, for the expectation that intracoalitional policy distance prolongs the duration of legislative procedures. The published data provides scholars with the opportunity to investigate various additional research questions. N2 - Die vorliegende Research Note stellt die erste systematische Dokumentation der Gesetzgebung in den deutschen Landtagen vor. Der Datensatz umfasst insgesamt 16.610 dokumentierte Gesetzgebungsvorgänge zwischen den Jahren 1990 und 2020. Nach einer Beschreibung des Datensatzes werden einige Gesetzgebungsmuster in den deutschen Ländern exemplarisch dargestellt. Die Landesgesetzgebung erweist sich dabei als stark durch den neuen Dualismus zwischen Regierung und Opposition geprägt. Im Initiativverhalten lassen sich zudem die Anreize des thematischen Parteienwettbewerbs ablesen. Wenig Evidenz findet sich für die These, dass innerkoalitionäre Gegensätze die Dauer der Gesetzgebungsverfahren in die Länge ziehen. Der mit dieser Research Note veröffentlichte Datensatz steht der Forschung für die Untersuchung zahlreicher weiterer Fragestellungen zur Verfügung. T2 - Patterns of law-making in the German States KW - Legislative process KW - Regional states KW - Multilevel system KW - Federalism KW - Germany KW - Gesetzgebung KW - Bundesländer KW - Landtage KW - Föderalismus KW - Mehrebenensystem Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11615-021-00307-0 SN - 0032-3470 SN - 1862-2860 VL - 62 IS - 2 SP - 307 EP - 324 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sorgner, Alina A1 - Fritsch, Michael A1 - Kritikos, Alexander T1 - Do entrepreneurs really earn less? JF - Small business economics : an international journal N2 - Based on large representative German household survey data, we compare incomes of the self-employed with those of paid employees. We find that the entrepreneurial income gap is largest for those holding a tertiary degree, but in two directions: positive for employers (self-employed with further employees) and negative for solo entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs holding a tertiary degree also face the greatest income variation. However, some solo self-employed earn more than their employed counterparts, in particular those with a university entrance degree as the highest level of education. KW - Income KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Self-employment KW - Germany Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9874-6 SN - 0921-898X SN - 1573-0913 VL - 49 SP - 251 EP - 272 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER -