TY - GEN A1 - Sadovnichii, V. A. A1 - Panasyuk, M. I. A1 - Amelyushkin, A. M. A1 - Benghin, V. V. A1 - Garipov, G. K. A1 - Kalegaev, V. V. A1 - Klimov, P. A. A1 - Khrenov, B. A. A1 - Petrov, V. L. A1 - Sharakin, S. A. A1 - Shirokov, A. V. A1 - Svertilov, S. I. A1 - Zotov, M. Y. A1 - Yashin, I. V. A1 - Gorbovskoy, E. S. A1 - Lipunov, V. M. A1 - Park, I. H. A1 - Lee, J. A1 - Jeong, S. A1 - Kim, M. B. A1 - Jeong, H. M. A1 - Shprits, Yuri Y. A1 - Angelopoulos, V. A1 - Russell, C. T. A1 - Runov, A. A1 - Turner, D. A1 - Strangeway, R. J. A1 - Caron, R. A1 - Biktemerova, S. A1 - Grinyuk, A. A1 - Lavrova, M. A1 - Tkachev, L. A1 - Tkachenko, A. A1 - Martinez, O. A1 - Salazar, H. A1 - Ponce, E. T1 - "Lomonosov" satellite-space observatory to study extreme phenomena in space T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 959 KW - gamma-ray bursts KW - ultra-high energy cosmic rays KW - radiation belts KW - space mission Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428185 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 959 SP - 1705 EP - 1738 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiese, Heike T1 - "This migrants' babble is not a German dialect!" BT - the interaction of standard language ideology and 'us'/'them' dichotomies in the public discourse on a multiethnolect T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Philosopische Fakultät N2 - This article investigates a public debate in Germany that put a special spotlight on the interaction of standard language ideologies with social dichotomies, centering on the question of whether Kiezdeutsch, a new way of speaking in multilingual urban neighbourhoods, is a legitimate German dialect. Based on a corpus of emails and postings to media websites, I analyse central topoi in this debate and an underlying narrative on language and identity. Central elements of this narrative are claims of cultural elevation and cultural unity for an idealised standard language High German', a view of German dialects as part of a national folk culture, and the construction of an exclusive in-group of German' speakers who own this language and its dialects. The narrative provides a potent conceptual frame for the Othering of Kiezdeutsch and its speakers, and for the projection of social and sometimes racist deliminations onto the linguistic plane. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe - 157 KW - standard language ideology KW - Kiezdeutsch KW - dialect KW - public discourse KW - othering KW - racism by proxy Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-414764 SN - 1866-8380 IS - 157 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zimmermann, Malte A1 - De Veaugh-Geiss, Joseph P. A1 - Tönnis, Swantje A1 - Onea, Edgar T1 - (Non-)exhaustivity in focus partitioning across languages T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - We present novel experimental evidence on the availability and the status of exhaustivity inferences with focus partitioning in German, English, and Hungarian. Results suggest that German and English focus-background clefts and Hungarian focus share important properties, (É. Kiss 1998, 1999; Szabolcsi 1994; Percus 1997; Onea & Beaver 2009). Those constructions are anaphoric devices triggering an existence presupposition. EXH-inferences are not obligatory in such constructions in English, German, or Hungarian, against some previous literature (Percus 1997; Büring & Križ 2013; É. Kiss 1998), but in line with pragmatic analyses of EXH-inferences in clefts (Horn 1981, 2016; Pollard & Yasavul 2016). The cross-linguistic differences in the distribution of EXH-inferences are attributed to properties of the Hungarian number marking system. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 724 KW - clefts KW - definite pseudoclefts KW - Hungarian focus KW - exhaustivity KW - experimental evidence KW - semantics-pragmatics interface Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-524677 SN - 1866-8364 VL - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Calò, Camilla A1 - Henne, Paul D. A1 - Eugster, Patricia A1 - Leeuwen, Jacqueline van A1 - Gilli, Adrian A1 - Hamann, Yvonne A1 - La Mantia, Tommaso A1 - Pasta, Salvatore A1 - Vescovi, Elisa A1 - Tinner, Willy T1 - 1200 years of decadal-scale variability of Mediterranean vegetation and climate at Pantelleria Island, Italy N2 - A new sedimentary sequence from Lago di Venere on Pantelleria Island, located in the Strait of Sicily between Tunisia and Sicily was recovered. The lake is located in the coastal infra-Mediterranean vegetation belt at 2 m a.s.l. Pollen, charcoal and sedimentological analyses are used to explore linkages among vegetation, fire and climate at a decadal scale over the past 1200 years. A dry period from ad 800 to 1000 that corresponds to the Medieval Warm Period' (WMP) is inferred from sedimentological analysis. The high content of carbonate recorded in this period suggests a dry phase, when the ratio of evaporation/precipitation was high. During this period the island was dominated by thermophilous and drought-tolerant taxa, such as Quercus ilex, Olea, Pistacia and Juniperus. A marked shift in the sediment properties is recorded at ad 1000, when carbonate content became very low suggesting wetter conditions until ad 1850-1900. Broadly, this period coincides with the Little Ice Age' (LIA), which was characterized by wetter and colder conditions in Europe. During this time rather mesic conifers (i.e. Pinus pinaster), shrubs and herbs (e.g. Erica arborea and Selaginella denticulata) expanded, whereas more drought-adapted species (e.g. Q. ilex) declined. Charcoal data suggest enhanced fire activity during the LIA probably as a consequence of anthropogenic burning and/or more flammable fuel (e.g. resinous Pinus biomass). The last century was characterized by a shift to high carbonate content, indicating a change towards drier conditions, and re-expansion of Q. ilex and Olea. The post-LIA warming is in agreement with historical documents and meteorological time series. Vegetation dynamics were co-determined by agricultural activities on the island. Anthropogenic indicators (e.g. Cerealia-type, Sporormiella) reveal the importance of crops and grazing on the island. Our pollen data suggest that extensive logging caused the local extinction of deciduous Quercus pubescens around ad1750. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 411 KW - central Mediterranean KW - fire history KW - "Little Ice Age' (LIA) KW - "Medieval Warm Period' (MWP) KW - Pinus pinaster KW - Quercus ilex KW - Quercus pubescens KW - vegetation history Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-403240 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulze, Patricia S. C. A1 - Bett, Alexander J. A1 - Bivour, Martin A1 - Caprioglio, Pietro A1 - Gerspacher, Fabian M. A1 - Kabaklı, Özde Ş. A1 - Richter, Armin A1 - Stolterfoht, Martin A1 - Zhang, Qinxin A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Hermle, Martin A1 - Hillebrecht, Harald A1 - Glunz, Stefan W. A1 - Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph T1 - 25.1% high-efficiency monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cell with a high bandgap perovskite absorber T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Monolithic perovskite silicon tandem solar cells can overcome the theoretical efficiency limit of silicon solar cells. This requires an optimum bandgap, high quantum efficiency, and high stability of the perovskite. Herein, a silicon heterojunction bottom cell is combined with a perovskite top cell, with an optimum bandgap of 1.68 eV in planar p-i-n tandem configuration. A methylammonium-free FA(0.75)Cs(0.25)Pb(I0.8Br0.2)(3) perovskite with high Cs content is investigated for improved stability. A 10% molarity increase to 1.1 m of the perovskite precursor solution results in approximate to 75 nm thicker absorber layers and 0.7 mA cm(-2) higher short-circuit current density. With the optimized absorber, tandem devices reach a high fill factor of 80% and up to 25.1% certified efficiency. The unencapsulated tandem device shows an efficiency improvement of 2.3% (absolute) over 5 months, showing the robustness of the absorber against degradation. Moreover, a photoluminescence quantum yield analysis reveals that with adapted charge transport materials and surface passivation, along with improved antireflection measures, the high bandgap perovskite absorber has the potential for 30% tandem efficiency in the near future. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1197 KW - heterojunction silicon solar cells KW - interfaces KW - perovskite solar cells KW - tandem solar cells KW - thin films Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-525668 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gholamrezaie, Ershad A1 - Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena A1 - Bott, Judith A1 - Heidbach, Oliver A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - 3-D crustal density model of the Sea of Marmara T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Abstract. The Sea of Marmara, in northwestern Turkey, is a transition zone where the dextral North Anatolian Fault zone (NAFZ) propagates westward from the Anatolian Plate to the Aegean Sea Plate. The area is of interest in the context of seismic hazard of Istanbul, a metropolitan area with about 15 million inhabitants. Geophysical observations indicate that the crust is heterogeneous beneath the Marmara basin, but a detailed characterization of the crustal heterogeneities is still missing. To assess if and how crustal heterogeneities are related to the NAFZ segmentation below the Sea of Marmara, we develop new crustal-scale 3-D density models which integrate geological and seismological data and that are additionally constrained by 3-D gravity modeling. For the latter, we use two different gravity datasets including global satellite data and local marine gravity observation. Considering the two different datasets and the general non-uniqueness in potential field modeling, we suggest three possible “end-member” solutions that are all consistent with the observed gravity field and illustrate the spectrum of possible solutions. These models indicate that the observed gravitational anomalies originate from significant density heterogeneities within the crust. Two layers of sediments, one syn-kinematic and one pre-kinematic with respect to the Sea of Marmara formation are underlain by a heterogeneous crystalline crust. A felsic upper crystalline crust (average density of 2720 kgm⁻³) and an intermediate to mafic lower crystalline crust (average density of 2890 kgm⁻³) appear to be cross-cut by two large, dome-shaped mafic highdensity bodies (density of 2890 to 3150 kgm⁻³) of considerable thickness above a rather uniform lithospheric mantle (3300 kgm⁻³). The spatial correlation between two major bends of the main Marmara fault and the location of the highdensity bodies suggests that the distribution of lithological heterogeneities within the crust controls the rheological behavior along the NAFZ and, consequently, maybe influences fault segmentation and thus the seismic hazard assessment in the region. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 737 KW - North Anatolian Fault KW - Shear Zone KW - Northwestern Anatolia KW - Geomechanical Model KW - Tectonic Evolution KW - Slip Distribution KW - Middle Strand KW - Pull-Apart KW - Long-Term KW - NW Turkey Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434661 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 737 SP - 785 EP - 807 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Jana A1 - Kelling, Alexandra A1 - Schilde, Uwe A1 - Strauch, Peter T1 - [µ2-O,O′,Oʺ,Oʺ′-Bis(1,2-dithiooxalato-S,S′)nickel(II)]bis[-O,O′-bis(1,2-dithiooxalato-S,S′)-nickel(II)pentaquaholmium(III)]hydrate, [Ho2Ni3(dto)6(H2O)10] N2 - Planar bis(1,2-dithiooxalato)nickelate(II), [Ni(dto)]2− reacts in aqueous solutions with lanthanide ions (Ln3+) to form pentanuclear, hetero-bimetallic complexes of the general composition [{Ln(H2O)n}2{Ni(dto)2}3]·xH2O. (n = 4 or 5; x = 9–12). The complex [{Ho(H2O)5}2{Ni(dto)2}3]·10H2O, Ho2Ni3, was synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray structure analysis and powder diffraction. The Ho2Ni3 complex crystallizes as monoclinic crystals in the space group P21/c. The channels and cavities, appearing in the crystal packing of the complex molecules, are occupied by a varying amount of non-coordinated water molecules. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 360 KW - lanthanides KW - holmium(III) KW - 1,2-dithiooxalate KW - crystal structure KW - nickel(II) Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-400598 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gschwind, Yves J. A1 - Kressig, Reto W. A1 - Lacroix, Andre A1 - Mühlbauer, Thomas A1 - Pfenninger, Barbara A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - A best practice fall prevention exercise program to improve balance, strength/power, and psychosocial health in older adults BT - study protocol for a randomized controlled trial T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background: With increasing age neuromuscular deficits (e.g., sarcopenia) may result in impaired physical performance and an increased risk for falls. Prominent intrinsic fall-risk factors are age-related decreases in balance and strength / power performance as well as cognitive decline. Additional studies are needed to develop specifically tailored exercise programs for older adults that can easily be implemented into clinical practice. Thus, the objective of the present trial is to assess the effects of a fall prevention program that was developed by an interdisciplinary expert panel on measures of balance, strength / power, body composition, cognition, psychosocial well-being, and falls self-efficacy in healthy older adults. Additionally, the time-related effects of detraining are tested. Methods/Design: Healthy old people (n = 54) between the age of 65 to 80 years will participate in this trial. The testing protocol comprises tests for the assessment of static / dynamic steady-state balance (i.e., Sharpened Romberg Test, instrumented gait analysis), proactive balance (i.e., Functional Reach Test; Timed Up and Go Test), reactive balance (i.e., perturbation test during bipedal stance; Push and Release Test), strength (i.e., hand grip strength test; Chair Stand Test), and power (i.e., Stair Climb Power Test; countermovement jump). Further, body composition will be analysed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis system. In addition, questionnaires for the assessment of psychosocial (i.e., World Health Organisation Quality of Life Assessment-Bref), cognitive (i.e., Mini Mental State Examination), and fall risk determinants (i.e., Fall Efficacy Scale -International) will be included in the study protocol. Participants will be randomized into two intervention groups or the control / waiting group. After baseline measures, participants in the intervention groups will conduct a 12-week balance and strength / power exercise intervention 3 times per week, with each training session lasting 30 min. (actual training time). One intervention group will complete an extensive supervised training program, while the other intervention group will complete a short version (` 3 times 3') that is home-based and controlled by weekly phone calls. Post-tests will be conducted right after the intervention period. Additionally, detraining effects will be measured 12 weeks after program cessation. The control group / waiting group will not participate in any specific intervention during the experimental period, but will receive the extensive supervised program after the experimental period. Discussion: It is expected that particularly the supervised combination of balance and strength / power training will improve performance in variables of balance, strength / power, body composition, cognitive function, psychosocial well-being, and falls self-efficacy of older adults. In addition, information regarding fall risk assessment, dose-response-relations, detraining effects, and supervision of training will be provided. Further, training-induced health-relevant changes, such as improved performance in activities of daily living, cognitive function, and quality of life, as well as a reduced risk for falls may help to lower costs in the health care system. Finally, practitioners, therapists, and instructors will be provided with a scientifically evaluated feasible, safe, and easy-to-administer exercise program for fall prevention. KW - seniors KW - fall risk assessment KW - resistance training KW - postural stability Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427104 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 604 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Omidbakhshfard, Mohammad Amin A1 - Neerakkal, Sujeeth A1 - Gupta, Saurabh A1 - Omranian, Nooshin A1 - Guinan, Kieran J. A1 - Brotman, Yariv A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran A1 - Fernie, Alisdair R. A1 - Mueller-Roeber, Bernd A1 - Gechev, Tsanko S. T1 - A Biostimulant Obtained from the Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum Protects Arabidopsis thaliana from Severe Oxidative Stress T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Abiotic stresses cause oxidative damage in plants. Here, we demonstrate that foliar application of an extract from the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum, SuperFifty (SF), largely prevents paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. While PQ-stressed plants develop necrotic lesions, plants pre-treated with SF (i.e., primed plants) were unaffected by PQ. Transcriptome analysis revealed induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) marker genes, genes involved in ROS-induced programmed cell death, and autophagy-related genes after PQ treatment. These changes did not occur in PQ-stressed plants primed with SF. In contrast, upregulation of several carbohydrate metabolism genes, growth, and hormone signaling as well as antioxidant-related genes were specific to SF-primed plants. Metabolomic analyses revealed accumulation of the stress-protective metabolite maltose and the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates fumarate and malate in SF-primed plants. Lipidome analysis indicated that those lipids associated with oxidative stress-induced cell death and chloroplast degradation, such as triacylglycerols (TAGs), declined upon SF priming. Our study demonstrated that SF confers tolerance to PQ-induced oxidative stress in A. thaliana, an effect achieved by modulating a range of processes at the transcriptomic, metabolic, and lipid levels. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 823 KW - Ascophyllum nodosum KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - biostimulant KW - paraquat KW - priming KW - oxidative stress tolerance KW - reactive oxygen species Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-445093 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 823 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scianna, Bastian Matteo T1 - A blueprint for successful peacekeeping? BT - the Italians in Beirut (Lebanon), 1982–1984 T2 - The International History Review N2 - On 6 June 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon to fight the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO). Between August 1982 and February 1984, the US, France, Britain and Italy deployed a Multinational Force (MNF) to Beirut. Its task was to act as an interposition force to bolster the government and to bring peace to the people. The mission is often forgotten or merely remembered in context with the bombing of US Marines’ barracks. However, an analysis of the Italian contingent shows that the MNF was not doomed to fail and could accomplish its task when operational and diplomatic efforts were coordinated. The Italian commander in Beirut, General Franco Angioni, followed a successful approach that sustained neutrality, respectful behaviour and minimal force, which resulted in a qualified success of the Italian efforts. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe - 143 KW - peacekeeping KW - Italy KW - Lebanon KW - Middle East KW - Beirut Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412937 ER -