TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
T1  - Number concepts: abstract and embodied
JF  - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London : B, Biological sciences
N2  - Numerical knowledge, including number concepts and arithmetic procedures, seems to be a clear-cut case for abstract symbol manipulation. Yet, evidence from perceptual and motor behaviour reveals that natural number knowledge and simple arithmetic also remain closely associated with modal experiences. Following a review of behavioural, animal and neuroscience studies of number processing, we propose a revised understanding of psychological number concepts as grounded in physical constraints, embodied in experience and situated through task-specific intentions. The idea that number concepts occupy a range of positions on the continuum between abstract and modal conceptual knowledge also accounts for systematic heuristics and biases in mental arithmetic, thus inviting psycho-logical approaches to the study of the mathematical mind.
KW  - embodied cognition
KW  - mental arithmetic
KW  - mental number line
KW  - numerical cognition
KW  - SNARC effect
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0125
SN  - 0962-8436
SN  - 1471-2970
VL  - 373
IS  - 1752
PB  - Royal Society
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Winter, Bodo
A1  - Matlock, Teenie
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Mental number space in three dimensions
JF  - Neuroscience & biobehavioral reviews : official journal of the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society
N2  - A large number of experimental findings from neuroscience and experimental psychology demonstrated interactions between spatial cognition and numerical cognition. In particular, many researchers posited a horizontal mental number line, where small numbers are thought of as being to the left of larger numbers. This review synthesizes work on the mental association between space and number, indicating the existence of multiple spatial mappings: recent research has found associations between number and vertical space, as well as associations between number and near/far space. We discuss number space in three dimensions with an eye on potential origins of the different number mappings, and how these number mappings fit in with our current knowledge of brain organization and brain-culture interactions. We derive novel predictions and show how this research fits into a general view of cognition as embodied, grounded and situated. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Embodiment
KW  - Intra-parietal sulcus
KW  - Mental number line
KW  - Metaphor
KW  - Neglect
KW  - Spatial cognition
KW  - SNARC
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.09.005
SN  - 0149-7634
SN  - 1873-7528
VL  - 57
SP  - 209
EP  - 219
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -