TY  - GEN
A1  - Nuthmann, Antje
A1  - Vitu, Françoise
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
T1  - No evidence for a saccadic range effect for visually guided and memory-guided saccades in simple saccade-targeting tasks
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Saccades to single targets in peripheral vision are typically characterized by an undershoot bias. Putting this bias to a test, Kapoula [1] used a paradigm in which observers were presented with two different sets of target eccentricities that partially overlapped each other. Her data were suggestive of a saccadic range effect (SRE): There was a tendency for saccades to overshoot close targets and undershoot far targets in a block, suggesting that there was a response bias towards the center of eccentricities in a given block. Our Experiment 1 was a close replication of the original study by Kapoula [1]. In addition, we tested whether the SRE is sensitive to top-down requirements associated with the task, and we also varied the target presentation duration. In Experiments 1 and 2, we expected to replicate the SRE for a visual discrimination task. The simple visual saccade-targeting task in Experiment 3, entailing minimal top-down influence, was expected to elicit a weaker SRE. Voluntary saccades to remembered target locations in Experiment 3 were expected to elicit the strongest SRE. Contrary to these predictions, we did not observe a SRE in any of the tasks. Our findings complement the results reported by Gillen et al. [2] who failed to find the effect in a saccade-targeting task with a very brief target presentation. Together, these results suggest that unlike arm movements, saccadic eye movements are not biased towards making saccades of a constant, optimal amplitude for the task.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 506 
KW  - eye-movement control
KW  - scleral search coils
KW  - Z-reader model
KW  - psychophysics toolbox
KW  - oculomotor control
KW  - video-oculography
KW  - accuracy
KW  - microsaccades
KW  - eccentricity
KW  - tracking
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-411639
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 506
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Chmielewski, Anna K.
A1  - Dumont, Hanna
A1  - Trautwein, Ulrich
T1  - Tracking effects depend on tracking type
BT  - an international comparison of students’ mathematics self-concept
T2  - American educational research journal
N2  - The aim of the present study was to examine how different types of tracking— between-school streaming, within-school streaming, and course-by-course tracking—shape students’ mathematics self-concept. This was done in an internationally comparative framework using data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). After controlling for individual and track mean achievement, results indicated that generally for students in course-by-course tracking, high-track students had higher mathematics self-concepts and low-track students had lower mathematics self-concepts. For students in between-school and within-school streaming, the reverse pattern was found. These findings suggest a solution to the ongoing debate about the effects of tracking on students’ academic self-concept and suggest that the reference groups to which students compare themselves differ according to the type of tracking.
KW  - academic self-concept
KW  - international comparison
KW  - reference groups
KW  - social comparison
KW  - tracking
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404052
VL  - 50
IS  - 5
ER  -