TY  - JOUR
A1  - Robin, Koger
A1  - Katharina, Syböck
A1  - Emily, Weinelt
A1  - Beda, Hartmann
A1  - Kirchengast, Sylvia
ED  - Scheffler, Christiane
ED  - Koziel, Slawomir
ED  - Hermanussen, Michael
ED  - Bogin, Barry
T1  - Advanced maternal age and nicotine consumption during pregnancy
BT  - Additive effects on new-born parameters
T2  - Human Biology and Public Health
N2  - Background

Nicotine consumption during pregnancy and advanced maternal age are well known independent risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome and therefore serious public health problems.

Objectives

Considering the ongoing trend of delaying childbirth in our society, this study investigates potential additive effects of nicotine consumption during pregnancy and advanced maternal age on foetal growth.

Sample and Methods

In a medical record-based study, we analysed the impact of maternal age and smoking behaviour before and during pregnancy on newborn size among 4142 singleton births that took place in Vienna, Austria between 1990 and 1995.

Results

Birth weight (H=82.176, p<0.001), birth length (H=91.525, p<0.001) and head circumference (H=42.097, p<0.001) differed significantly according to maternal smoking behaviour. For birth weight, the adjusted mean differences between smokers and non-smokers increased from 101.8g for the < 18-year-old mothers to 254.8g for >35 year olds, with the respective values for birth length being 0.6 cm to 0.7cm, for head circumference from 0.3 cm to 0.6 cm.

Conclusion

Increasing maternal age amplified the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on newborn parameters. Our findings identify older smoking mothers as a high-risk group which should be of special interest for public health systems.
KW  - advanced maternal age at first birth
KW  - maternal nicotine consumption
KW  - foetal growth
KW  - newborn size
KW  - birthweight
KW  - smoking
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.52905/hbph.v1.6
SN  - 2748-9957
VL  - 2021
IS  - 1
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hocher, Berthold
A1  - Heimerl, Dirk
A1  - Slowinski, Torsten
A1  - Godes, Michael
A1  - Halle, Horst
A1  - Priem, Friedrich
A1  - Pfab, Thiemo
T1  - Birthweight and Fetal Glycosylated Hemoglobin at Birth in Newborns Carrying the GLUT1 XbaI Gene Polymorphism
JF  - Clinical laboratory : the peer reviewed journal for clinical laboratories and laboratories related to blood transfusion
N2  - Background: Low birthweight is an independent risk factor of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in later life. Genetically determined insulin resistance and subsequently impaired glucose uptake might explain both reduced fetal growth and elevated blood glucose. The glucose transporter 1 (GLUT!) plays an important role for fetal glucose uptake as well as for maternal-fetal glucose transfer, and it has been associated with insulin resistance in adults. The present study hypothesized that the common fetal GLUT1 XbaI polymorphism might reduce fetal insulin sensitivity and/or glucose supply in utero, thus affecting fetal blood glucose and fetal growth.
 Methods: A genetic association study was conducted at the obstetrics department of the Charite University Hospital, Berlin, Germany. 119.1 white women were included after delivery, and all newborns were genotyped for the GLUT1 XbaI polymorphism. Total glycosylated hemoglobin was quantified, serving as a surrogate of glycemia during the last weeks of pregnancy.
 Results: The analysis of this large population showed no significant differences in fetal glycosylated hemoglobin or birthweight for the different fetal GLUT1 XbaI genotypes. Only newborns carrying the mutated allele show the previously published inverse association between birthweight and glycosylated hemoglobin.
 Conclusions: The results suggest that there is no prenatal effect of the fetal GLUT1 XbaI polymorphism on fetal insulin sensitivity, intrauterine fetal glucose supply or fetal growth. However, the polymorphism seems to modulate the inverse interaction between birthweight and fetal glycemia.
KW  - GLUT1 XbaI gene polymorphism
KW  - birthweight
KW  - total glycosylated hemoglobin
KW  - insulin resistance
KW  - fetal programming
Y1  - 2011
SN  - 1433-6510
VL  - 57
IS  - 9-10
SP  - 651
EP  - 657
PB  - Clin Lab Publ., Verl. Klinisches Labor
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  -