TY - JOUR A1 - Rasigraf, Olivia A1 - Wagner, Dirk T1 - Landslides BT - an emerging model for ecosystem and soil chronosequence research JF - Earth science reviews : the international geological journal bridging the gap between research articles and textbooks N2 - Erosion by landslides is a common phenomenon in mountain regions around the globe, affecting all climatic zones. Landslides facilitate bedrock weathering, pedogenesis and ecological succession, being key drivers of biodiversity. Landslide chronosequences have long been used for studies of vegetation succession in initial ecosystems, but they further offer ideal model systems for studies of soil development and microbial community succession. In this review we synthesize the state of knowledge on the role of landslides in ecosystems, their influence on element cycles and interactions with biota. Further, we discuss feedback mechanisms between global warming, landslide activity and greenhouse gas emissions. In the view of increasing anthropogenic influence and climate change, soils are becoming a critical resource. Due to their ubiquity, landslide chronosequences have the potential to provide critical insights into soil development under different climates and thereby contribute to future soil restoration efforts. KW - Landslides KW - Greenhouse gas emissions KW - Landslide chronosequences KW - Soil KW - microbial community KW - Erosion KW - Biodiversity KW - Microbial processes KW - Climate KW - change Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104064 SN - 0012-8252 SN - 1872-6828 VL - 231 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bernhard, Nadine A1 - Moskwa, Lisa-Marie A1 - Schmidt, Karsten A1 - Oeser, Ralf Andreas A1 - Aburto, Felipe A1 - Bader, Maaike Y. A1 - Baumann, Karen A1 - von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm A1 - Boy, Jens A1 - van den Brink, Liesbeth A1 - Brucker, Emanuel A1 - Buedel, Burkhard A1 - Canessa, Rafaella A1 - Dippold, Michaela A. A1 - Ehlers, Todd A1 - Fuentes, Juan P. A1 - Godoy, Roberto A1 - Jung, Patrick A1 - Karsten, Ulf A1 - Koester, Moritz A1 - Kuzyakov, Yakov A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Neidhardt, Harald A1 - Matus, Francisco A1 - Mueller, Carsten W. A1 - Oelmann, Yvonne A1 - Oses, Romulo A1 - Osses, Pablo A1 - Paulino, Leandro A1 - Samolov, Elena A1 - Schaller, Mirjam A1 - Schmid, Manuel A1 - Spielvogel, Sandra A1 - Spohn, Marie A1 - Stock, Svenja A1 - Stroncik, Nicole A1 - Tielboerger, Katja A1 - Uebernickel, Kirstin A1 - Scholten, Thomas A1 - Seguel, Oscar A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Kühn, Peter T1 - Pedogenic and microbial interrelations to regional climate and local topography BT - New insights from a climate gradient (arid to humid) along the Coastal Cordillera of Chile JF - Catena : an interdisciplinary journal of soil science, hydrology, geomorphology focusing on geoecology and landscape evolution N2 - The effects of climate and topography on soil physico-chemical and microbial parameters were studied along an extensive latitudinal climate gradient in the Coastal Cordillera of Chile (26 degrees-38 degrees S). The study sites encompass arid (Pan de Azucar), semiarid (Santa Gracia), mediterranean (La Campana) and humid (Nahuelbuta) climates and vegetation, ranging from arid desert, dominated by biological soil crusts (biocrusts), semiarid shrubland and mediterranean sclerophyllous forest, where biocrusts are present but do have a seasonal pattern to temperate-mixed forest, where biocrusts only occur as an early pioneering development stage after disturbance. All soils originate from granitic parent materials and show very strong differences in pedogenesis intensity and soil depth. Most of the investigated physical, chemical and microbiological soil properties showed distinct trends along the climate gradient. Further, abrupt changes between the arid northernmost study site and the other semi-arid to humid sites can be shown, which indicate non-linearity and thresholds along the climate gradient. Clay and total organic carbon contents (TOC) as well as Ah horizons and solum depths increased from arid to humid climates, whereas bulk density (BD), pH values and base saturation (BS) decreased. These properties demonstrate the accumulation of organic matter, clay formation and element leaching as key-pedogenic processes with increasing humidity. However, the soils in the northern arid climate do not follow this overall latitudinal trend, because texture and BD are largely controlled by aeolian input of dust and sea salts spray followed by the formation of secondary evaporate minerals. Total soil DNA concentrations and TOC increased from arid to humid sites, while areal coverage by biocrusts exhibited an opposite trend. Relative bacterial and archaeal abundances were lower in the arid site, but for the other sites the local variability exceeds the variability along the climate gradient. Differences in soil properties between topographic positions were most pronounced at the study sites with the mediterranean and humid climate, whereas microbial abundances were independent on topography across all study sites. In general, the regional climate is the strongest controlling factor for pedogenesis and microbial parameters in soils developed from the same parent material. Topographic position along individual slopes of limited length augmented this effect only under humid conditions, where water erosion likely relocated particles and elements downward. The change from alkaline to neutral soil pH between the arid and the semi-arid site coincided with qualitative differences in soil formation as well as microbial habitats. This also reflects non-linear relationships of pedogenic and microbial processes in soils depending on climate with a sharp threshold between arid and semi-arid conditions. Therefore, the soils on the transition between arid and semi-arid conditions are especially sensitive and may be well used as indicators of long and medium-term climate changes. Concluding, the unique latitudinal precipitation gradient in the Coastal Cordillera of Chile is predestined to investigate the effects of the main soil forming factor - climate - on pedogenic processes. KW - Climate KW - Topography KW - Soil texture KW - Total organic carbon KW - Carbon isotope ratio (delta C-13(TOC)) KW - Microbial abundance Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.06.018 SN - 0341-8162 SN - 1872-6887 VL - 170 SP - 335 EP - 355 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oeser, Ralf Andreas A1 - Stroncik, Nicole A1 - Moskwa, Lisa-Marie A1 - Bernhard, Nadine A1 - Schaller, Mirjam A1 - Canessa, Rafaella A1 - van den Brink, Liesbeth A1 - Köster, Moritz A1 - Brucker, Emanuel A1 - Stock, Svenja A1 - Pablo Fuentes, Juan A1 - Godoy, Roberto A1 - Javier Matus, Francisco A1 - Oses Pedraza, Romulo A1 - Osses McIntyre, Pablo A1 - Paulino, Leandro A1 - Seguel, Oscar A1 - Bader, Maaike Y. A1 - Boy, Jens A1 - Dippold, Michaela A. A1 - Ehlers, Todd A1 - Kühn, Peter A1 - Kuzyakov, Yakov A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Scholten, Thomas A1 - Spielvogel, Sandra A1 - Spohn, Marie A1 - Ubernickel, Kirstin A1 - Tielbörger, Katja A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm T1 - Chemistry and microbiology of the Critical Zone along a steep climate and vegetation gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera JF - Catena : an interdisciplinary journal of soil science, hydrology, geomorphology focusing on geoecology and landscape evolution N2 - From north to south, denudation rates from cosmogenic nuclides are similar to 10 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the arid Pan de Aziicar site, similar to 20 t km(2) yr(-1) at the semi-arid site of Santa Gracia, -60 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the Mediterranean climate site of La Campana, and similar to 30 t km(-2) yr(-1) at the humid site of Nahuelbuta. A and B horizons increase in thickness and elemental depletion or enrichment increases from north (similar to 26 degrees S) to south (similar to 38 degrees S) in these horizons. Differences in the degree of chemical weathering, quantified by the chemical depletion fraction (CDF), are significant only between the arid and sparsely vegetated site and the other three sites. Differences in the CDF between the sites, and elemental depletion within the sites are sometimes smaller than the variations induced by the bedrock heterogeneity. Microbial abundances (bacteria and archaea) in saprolite substantially increase from the arid to the semi-arid sites. With this study, we provide a comprehensive dataset characterizing the Critical Zone geochemistry in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. This dataset confirms climatic controls on weathering and denudation rates and provides prerequisites to quantify the role of biota in future studies. KW - Weathering KW - Denudation KW - Microbial abundance KW - Climate KW - Chile Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.06.002 SN - 0341-8162 SN - 1872-6887 VL - 170 SP - 183 EP - 203 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER -