TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schmidt, Martin
A1  - Lischeid, Gunnar
A1  - Nendel, Claas
T1  - Microclimate and matter dynamics in transition zones of forest to arable land
JF  - Agricultural and forest meteorology
N2  - Human-driven fragmentation of landscapes leads to the formation of transition zones between ecosystems that are characterised by fluxes of matter, energy and information. These transition zones may offer rather inhospitable habitats that could jeopardise biodiversity. On the other hand, transition zones are also reported to be hotspots for biodiversity and even evolutionary processes. The general mechanisms and influence of processes in transition zones are poorly understood. Although heterogeneity and diversity of land use of fragments and the transition zones between them play an important role, most studies only refer to forested transition zones. Often, only an extrapolation of measurements in the different fragments themselves is reported to determine gradients in transition zones. This paper contributes to a quantitative understanding of agricultural landscapes beyond individual ecotopes, and towards connected ecosystem mosaics that may be beneficial for the provision of ecosystem services.
KW  - Edge effects
KW  - Environmental gradients
KW  - Fragmentation
KW  - Ecosystem services
KW  - Carbon
KW  - Nitrogen
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.01.001
SN  - 0168-1923
SN  - 1873-2240
VL  - 268
SP  - 1
EP  - 10
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Patenaude, Genevieve
A1  - Lautenbach, Sven
A1  - Paterson, James S.
A1  - Locatelli, Tommaso
A1  - Dormann, Carsten F.
A1  - Metzger, Marc J.
A1  - Walz, Ariane
T1  - Breaking the ecosystem services glass ceiling: realising impact
JF  - Regional environmental change
N2  - Through changes in policy and practice, the inherent intent of the ecosystem services (ES) concept is to safeguard ecosystems for human wellbeing. While impact is intrinsic to the concept, little is known about how and whether ES science leads to impact. Evidence of impact is needed. Given the lack of consensus on what constitutes impact, we differentiate between attributional impacts (transitional impacts on policy, practice, awareness or other drivers) and consequential impacts (real, on-the-ground impacts on biodiversity, ES, ecosystem functions and human wellbeing) impacts. We conduct rigorous statistical analyses on three extensive databases for evidence of attributional impact (the form most prevalently reported): the IPBES catalogue (n = 102), the Lautenbach systematic review (n = 504) and a 5-year in-depth survey of the OPERAs Exemplars (n = 13). To understand the drivers of impacts, we statistically analyse associations between study characteristics and impacts. Our findings show that there exists much confusion with regard to defining ES science impacts, and that evidence of attributional impact is scarce: only 25% of the IPBES assessments self-reported impact (7% with evidence); in our meta-analysis of Lautenbach’s systematic review, 33% of studies provided recommendations indicating intent of impacts. Systematic impact reporting was imposed by design on the OPERAs Exemplars: 100% reported impacts, suggesting the importance of formal impact reporting. The generalised linear models and correlations between study characteristics and attributional impact dimensions highlight four characteristics as minimum baseline for impact: study robustness, integration of policy instruments into study design, stakeholder involvement and type of stakeholders involved. Further in depth examination of the OPERAs Exemplars showed that study characteristics associated with impact on awareness and practice differ from those associated with impact on policy: to achieve impact along specific dimensions, bespoke study designs are recommended. These results inform targeted recommendations for ES science to break its impact glass ceiling.
KW  - Ecosystem services
KW  - Impact
KW  - Awareness
KW  - Policy
KW  - Practice
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-018-1434-3
SN  - 1436-3798
SN  - 1436-378X
VL  - 19
IS  - 8
SP  - 2261
EP  - 2274
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  -