TY - JOUR A1 - Heinz, Kathrin A1 - Heidenreich, Thomas A1 - Wenhold, Franziska A1 - Brand, Ralf T1 - Mindfulness and acceptance basic principles and perspectives of a new approach in sport psychology training JF - Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie N2 - Mindfulness and acceptance describe the skills necessary to experience emotions and thoughts (e.g., performance-interfering cognitions) consciously and without judging them. This article introduces the mindfulness and acceptance approach and its potential in the context of competitive sports. Definitions as well as research results related to mechanisms of action and differential psychological aspects are given and the efficacy of the approach in the field of clinical psychology is reviewed. The rationale and implementation of the mindfulness-acceptance-commitment approach, an approach adapted for performance enhancement, is illustrated. Finally, evidence from psychotherapy research is presented, and a recommendation for the use of mindfulness and acceptance in the context of competitive sports is given. KW - mindfulness KW - acceptance KW - psychological skills training Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010/a000056 SN - 1612-5010 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ehrlenspiel, Felix A1 - Graf, Karla A1 - Kühn, Christian A1 - Brand, Ralf T1 - Stability and variability of competitive anxiety JF - Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie N2 - Spielberger's (1972) Trait-State-Anxiety theory distinguishes between anxiety as a trait (A-trait) - involving a stable characteristic of a person to react with anxiety in response to varying situations and anxiety as a state (A-state), a situation-dependent reaction to a stimulus perceived as threatening. Using a general instead of a sport-specific measure, a previous study provided only mixed support for core predictions of the theory as related to sports (Schwenkmezger, 1985). With the aid of enhanced instruments and statistical methods, we tested these predictions again. The multidimensional and competition-specific assessment of anxiety results in support for the assumption of a stable A-trait and a fluctuating A-state, whereby the A-trait not only predicts the intensity of A-states but also the A-state variability. The repeated assessment of A-states prior to two competitions reveals a rather low relative consistency (i.e., interindividual differences across measurements were only moderately stable). Especially this latter finding suggests that, in order to gain a full understanding of the experience of competitive anxiety in athletes, sport psychologists should not only assess competitive A-traits, but also repeatedly measure competitive A-states. KW - competitive state anxiety KW - competitive trait anxiety KW - Trait-State Interaction Model Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010/a000034 SN - 1612-5010 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 31 EP - 43 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kahlert, Daniela A1 - Brand, Ralf T1 - Comparing self-report and accelerometry data a contribution to the validation of the MoMo-Physical activity questionnaire for children and adolescents JF - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sportmedizin und Prävention (Deutscher Sportärztebund) e.V. (DGSP) und Weiterbildungsorgan der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Sportmedizin und Prävention N2 - According to the results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) published in 2009, only 5% to 8% of the 15-17-year-old adolescents reach the current recommendations on health-enhancing physical activity This result (besides others in the survey) rests on data measured with the 25-item physical activity questionnaire for children and adolescents (MoMo-AFB). The present study compares two different methods of assessing physical activity with the purpose of testing the validity of the MoMo-AFB self-report. First, we measured the physical activity status of 73 15 to 18-year-old pupils (32 boys and 41 girls) over seven days via objective accelerometry (ActiGraph GT1M), then the pupils completed the MoMo-AFB for the same (previous) period. Results show that using the MoMo-AFB leads to higher levels of self-reported physical activity than measuring it with accelerometers. Furthermore, only the MoMo-AFB subscale MVPA (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), that uses two single items to decide whether the health-enhancing physical activity recommendation is reached or failed, corresponds statistically significantly with the accelerometry data. For all other subscales (e.g. school- or leisure time activity), we found no agreement. Further research, first of all on the measurement quality of the MoMo-AFB but also on the physical (in)activity status of children and adolescents, is needed. KW - Physical activity KW - means of measurement KW - physical activity questionnaires KW - accelerometry KW - adolescents Y1 - 2011 SN - 0344-5925 VL - 62 IS - 2 SP - 36 EP - + PB - WWF-Verl.-Ges. CY - Greven ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kleinert, Jens A1 - Brand, Ralf T1 - Quality management of sport psychology care in competitive sports - (no) effect without acceptance?! JF - Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie N2 - In the past decade quality management (QM) has grown to be one of the most important topics in the area of applied sport psychology. There we discuss structures, processes, and results concerning QM, considering the QM model of the European Foundation of Quality Management (EFQM). In terms of results, quality can be defined in three areas: the coaching process itself (e. g., satisfaction and well-being of coach and client), psychological skills (e. g., efficacy of techniques used by the client), and health, personality, as well as sport performance (e. g., client's motor behavior in training and competition). Measures and processes to improve and ensure quality in these three areas are discussed as being dependent on four types of determinants: associated institutions, sport psychologists (i.e., individual competence and valence of tasks), coaching character, and socio-economic factors. As key processes of QM in this complex structure, both orientation to stakeholders and communication about quality and QM measures are identified. KW - quality management KW - applied sport psychology KW - competitive sports KW - orientation to stakeholders Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010/a000041 SN - 1612-5010 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 60 EP - 72 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER -