TY - JOUR A1 - Jafarnezhadgero, Amir Ali A1 - Noroozi, Raha A1 - Fakhri, Ehsan A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Oliveira, Anderson Souza T1 - The Impact of COVID-19 and muscle fatigue on cardiorespiratory fitness and running kinetics in female recreational runners JF - Frontiers in physiology N2 - Background: There is evidence that fully recovered COVID-19 patients usually resume physical exercise, but do not perform at the same intensity level performed prior to infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 infection and recovery as well as muscle fatigue on cardiorespiratory fitness and running biomechanics in female recreational runners. Methods: Twenty-eight females were divided into a group of hospitalized and recovered COVID-19 patients (COV, n = 14, at least 14 days following recovery) and a group of healthy age-matched controls (CTR, n = 14). Ground reaction forces from stepping on a force plate while barefoot overground running at 3.3 m/s was measured before and after a fatiguing protocol. The fatigue protocol consisted of incrementally increasing running speed until reaching a score of 13 on the 6-20 Borg scale, followed by steady-state running until exhaustion. The effects of group and fatigue were assessed for steady-state running duration, steady-state running speed, ground contact time, vertical instantaneous loading rate and peak propulsion force. Results: COV runners completed only 56% of the running time achieved by the CTR (p < 0.0001), and at a 26% slower steady-state running speed (p < 0.0001). There were fatigue-related reductions in loading rate (p = 0.004) without group differences. Increased ground contact time (p = 0.002) and reduced peak propulsion force (p = 0.005) were found for COV when compared to CTR. Conclusion: Our results suggest that female runners who recovered from COVID-19 showed compromised running endurance and altered running kinetics in the form of longer stance periods and weaker propulsion forces. More research is needed in this area using larger sample sizes to confirm our study findings. KW - hospitalization KW - running mechanics KW - ground reaction forces KW - virus KW - infection KW - COVID-19 Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.942589 SN - 1664-042X VL - 13 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - THES A1 - Rabe, Maximilian Michael T1 - Modeling the interaction of sentence processing and eye-movement control in reading T1 - Modellierung der Interaktion von Satzverarbeitung und Blickbewegungskontrolle beim Lesen N2 - The evaluation of process-oriented cognitive theories through time-ordered observations is crucial for the advancement of cognitive science. The findings presented herein integrate insights from research on eye-movement control and sentence comprehension during reading, addressing challenges in modeling time-ordered data, statistical inference, and interindividual variability. Using kernel density estimation and a pseudo-marginal likelihood for fixation durations and locations, a likelihood implementation of the SWIFT model of eye-movement control during reading (Engbert et al., Psychological Review, 112, 2005, pp. 777–813) is proposed. Within the broader framework of data assimilation, Bayesian parameter inference with adaptive Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques is facilitated for reliable model fitting. Across the different studies, this framework has shown to enable reliable parameter recovery from simulated data and prediction of experimental summary statistics. Despite its complexity, SWIFT can be fitted within a principled Bayesian workflow, capturing interindividual differences and modeling experimental effects on reading across different geometrical alterations of text. Based on these advancements, the integrated dynamical model SEAM is proposed, which combines eye-movement control, a traditionally psychological research area, and post-lexical language processing in the form of cue-based memory retrieval (Lewis & Vasishth, Cognitive Science, 29, 2005, pp. 375–419), typically the purview of psycholinguistics. This proof-of-concept integration marks a significant step forward in natural language comprehension during reading and suggests that the presented methodology can be useful to develop complex cognitive dynamical models that integrate processes at levels of perception, higher cognition, and (oculo-)motor control. These findings collectively advance process-oriented cognitive modeling and highlight the importance of Bayesian inference, individual differences, and interdisciplinary integration for a holistic understanding of reading processes. Implications for theory and methodology, including proposals for model comparison and hierarchical parameter inference, are briefly discussed. N2 - Die Evaluierung prozessorientierter kognitiver Theorien durch zeitlich geordnete Beobachtungen ist ein zentraler Baustein für die Weiterentwicklung der Kognitionswissenschaft. Die hier präsentierten Ergebnisse integrieren Erkenntnisse aus der Forschung zur Blickbewegungskontrolle und zur Satzverarbeitung beim Lesen und gehen dabei auf Herausforderungen bei der Modellierung von zeitlich geordneten Daten, statistischer Inferenz und interindividueller Variabilität ein. Unter Verwendung von Kerndichteschätzung und einer pseudo-marginalen Wahrscheinlichkeitverteilung für Fixationsdauern und -orte wird eine Implementation für die Likelihood des SWIFT-Modells zur Blickbewegungskontrolle beim Lesen (Engbert et al., Psychological Review, 112, 2005, S. 777–813) eingeführt. Im breiteren Kontext der Datenassimilation wird Bayes'sche Parameterinferenz mit adaptiven Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo-Techniken verwendet, um eine zuverlässige Modellanpassung zu ermöglichen. In verschiedenen Studien hat sich dieser methodische Rahmen als geeignet erwiesen, um zuverlässige Parameterrückgewinnung aus simulierten Daten und Vorhersage experimenteller Zusammenfassungsstatistiken zu ermöglichen. Trotz dessen Komplexität kann SWIFT innerhalb eines fundierten Bayes'schen Workflows angepasst werden und macht daraufhin zuverlässige Vorhersagen für interindividuelle Unterschiede sowie die Modellierung experimenteller Effekte bei verschiedenen geometrischen Änderungen von Text. Basierend auf diesen Fortschritten wird das integrierte dynamische Modell SEAM eingeführt. Dieses kombiniert die Forschungsgebiete der traditionell psychologisch geprägten Blickbewegungskontrolle und der traditionell psycholinguistisch geprägten postlexikalischen Sprachverarbeitung in Form von cue-basiertem Gedächtnisabruf (Lewis & Vasishth, Cognitive Science, 29, 2005, S. 375–419). Der Nachweis der Durchführbarkeit solcher integrativer Modelle stellt einen bedeutenden Fortschritt bei der natürlichen Sprachverarbeitung beim Lesen dar und legt nahe, dass die vorgestellte Methodik nützlich sein kann, um komplexe kognitive dynamische Modelle zu entwickeln, die Prozesse auf den Ebenen der Wahrnehmung, höheren Kognition, und (okulo-)motorischen Kontrolle integrieren. Diese Erkenntnisse fördern insgesamt die prozessorientierte kognitive Modellierung und betonen die Bedeutung der Bayes'schen Inferenz, individueller Unterschiede und interdisziplinärer Integration für ein ganzheitliches Verständnis von Leseprozessen. Implikationen für Theorie und Methodologie, einschließlich Vorschlägen für Modellvergleich und hierarchische Parameterinferenz, werden kurz diskutiert. KW - eye movements KW - dynamical cognitive modeling KW - sequential likelihood KW - psycholinguistics KW - cognitive psychology KW - sentence processing KW - reading KW - Blickbewegungen KW - Dynamische kognitive Modellierung KW - Sequenzielle Likelihood KW - Psycholinguistik KW - Kognitionspsychologie KW - Satzverarbeitung KW - Lesen Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-622792 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hortobágyi, Tibor A1 - Vetrovsky, Tomas A1 - Balbim, Guilherme Moraes A1 - Sorte Silva, Narlon Cassio Boa A1 - Manca, Andrea A1 - Deriu, Franca A1 - Kolmos, Mia A1 - Kruuse, Christina A1 - Liu-Ambrose, Teresa A1 - Radak, Zsolt A1 - Vaczi, Mark A1 - Johansson, Hanna A1 - Rocha dos Santos, Paulo Cezar A1 - Franzen, Erika A1 - Granacher, Urs T1 - The impact of aerobic and resistance training intensity on markers of neuroplasticity in health and disease JF - Ageing research reviews : ARR N2 - Objective: To determine the effects of low- vs. high-intensity aerobic and resistance training on motor and cognitive function, brain activation, brain structure, and neurochemical markers of neuroplasticity and the association thereof in healthy young and older adults and in patients with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. Design: Systematic review and robust variance estimation meta-analysis with meta-regression. Data sources: Systematic search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases. Results: Fifty studies with 60 intervention arms and 2283 in-analyses participants were included. Due to the low number of studies, the three patient groups were combined and analyzed as a single group. Overall, low- (g=0.19, p = 0.024) and high-intensity exercise (g=0.40, p = 0.001) improved neuroplasticity. Exercise intensity scaled with neuroplasticity only in healthy young adults but not in healthy older adults or patient groups. Exercise-induced improvements in neuroplasticity were associated with changes in motor but not cognitive outcomes. Conclusion: Exercise intensity is an important variable to dose and individualize the exercise stimulus for healthy young individuals but not necessarily for healthy older adults and neurological patients. This conclusion warrants caution because studies are needed that directly compare the effects of low- vs. high-intensity exercise on neuroplasticity to determine if such changes are mechanistically and incrementally linked to improved cognition and motor function. KW - Aging KW - Exercise KW - Intensity Dose -response relationship KW - Cognition motor KW - function Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2022.101698 SN - 1568-1637 SN - 1872-9649 VL - 80 PB - Elsevier CY - Clare ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Matthias, Katja A1 - Rissling, Olesja A1 - Pieper, Dawid Aleksander A1 - Morche, Johannes A1 - Nocon, Marc A1 - Jacobs, Anja A1 - Wegewitz, Uta Elke A1 - Schirm, Jaqueline A1 - Lorenz, Robert C. T1 - The methodological quality of systematic reviews on the treatment of adult major depression needs improvement according to AMSTAR 2 BT - a cross-sectional study JF - Heliyon N2 - Background: Several standards have been developed to assess methodological quality of systematic reviews (SR). One widely used tool is the AMSTAR. A recent update -AMSTAR 2 -is a 16 item evaluation tool that enables a detailed assessment of SR that include randomised (RCT) or non-randomised studies (NRS) of healthcare interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study of SR on pharmacological or psychological interventions in major depression in adults was conducted. SR published during 2012-2017 were sampled from MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of SR. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR 2. Potential predictive factors associated with quality were examined. Results: In rating overall confidence in the results of 60 SR four reviews were rated "high", two were "moderate", one was "low" and 53 were "critically low". The mean AMSTAR 2 percentage score was 45.3% (standard deviation 22.6%) in a wide range from 7.1% to 93.8%. Predictors of higher quality were: type of review (higher quality in Cochrane Reviews), SR including only randomized trials and higher journal impact factor. Limitations: AMSTAR 2 is not intended to be used for the generation of a percentage score. Conclusions: According to AMSTAR 2 the overall methodological quality of SR on the treatment of adult major depression needs improvement. Although there is a high need for summarized information in the field of mental health, this work demonstrates the need to critically assess SR before using their findings. Better adherence to established reporting guidelines for SR is needed. KW - public health KW - epidemiology KW - psychiatry KW - depression KW - evidence-based KW - medicine KW - AMSTAR 2 KW - methodological quality KW - risk of bias KW - systematic KW - review KW - major depression Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04776 SN - 2405-8440 VL - 6 IS - 9 PB - Elsevier CY - London [u.a.] ER - TY - THES A1 - Wick, Kristin T1 - Motor and cognitive performance in kindergarten children T1 - Motorische und kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit bei Kindergartenkindern N2 - Childhood compared to adolescence and adulthood is characterized by high neuroplasticity represented by accelerated cognitive maturation and rapid cognitive developmental trajectories. Natural growth, biological maturation and permanent interaction with the physical and social environment fosters motor and cognitive development in children. Of note, the promotion of physical activity, physical fitness, and motor skill learning at an early age is mandatory first, as these aspects are essential for a healthy development and an efficient functioning in everyday life across the life span and second, physical activity behaviors and lifestyle habits tend to track from childhood into adulthood. The main objective of the present thesis was to optimize and deepen the knowledge of motor and cognitive performance in young children and to develop an effective and age-appropriate exercise program feasible for the implementation in kindergarten and preschool settings. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effectiveness of fundamental movement skill and exercise interventions in healthy preschool-aged children. Further, the relation between measures of physical fitness (i.e., static balance, muscle strength, power, and coordination) and attention as one domain of cognitive performance in preschool-aged children was analyzed. Subsequently, effects of a strength-dominated kindergarten-based exercise program on physical fitness components (i.e., static balance, muscle strength, power, and coordination) and cognitive performance (i.e., attention) compared to a usual kindergarten curriculum was examined. The systematic review included trials focusing on healthy young children in kindergarten or preschool settings that applied fundamental movement skill-enhancing intervention programs of at least 4 weeks and further reported standardized motor skill outcome measures for the intervention and the control group. Children aged 4-6 years from three kindergartens participated in the cross-sectional and the longitudinal study. Product-orientated measures were conducted for the assessment of muscle strength (i.e., handgrip strength), muscle power (i.e., standing long jump), balance (i.e., timed single-leg stand), coordination (hopping on right/left leg), and attentional span (i.e., “Konzentrations-Handlungsverfahren für Vorschulkinder” [concentration-action procedure for preschoolers]). With regards to the scientific literature, exercise and fundamental movement skill interventions are an effective method to promote overall proficiency in motor skills (i.e., object control and locomotor skills) in preschool children particularly when conducted by external experts with a duration of 4 weeks to 5 months. Moreover, significant medium associations were found between the composite score of physical fitness and attention as well as between coordination separately and attention in children aged 4-6 years. A 10-weeks strength-dominated exercise program implemented in kindergarten and preschool settings by educated and trained kindergarten teachers revealed significant improvements for the standing long jump test and the Konzentrations-Handlungsverfahren of intervention children compared to children of the control group. The findings of the present thesis imply that fundamental movement skill and exercise interventions improve motor skills (i.e., locomotor and object control skills). Nonetheless, more high-quality research is needed. Additionally, physical fitness, particularly high performance in complex fitness components (i.e., coordination measured with the hopping on one leg test), tend to predict attention in preschool age. Furthermore, an exercise program including strength-dominated exercises, fundamental movement skills and elements of gymnastics has a beneficial effect on jumping performance with a concomitant trend toward improvements in attentional capacity in healthy preschool children. Finally, it is recommended to start early with the integration of muscular fitness (i.e., muscle strength, muscle power, muscular endurance) next to coordination, agility, balance, and fundamental movement skill exercises into regular physical activity curriculums in kindergarten settings. N2 - Das Kindesalter ist im Vergleich zum Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter durch eine hohe Neuroplastizität, charakterisiert, welche durch beschleunigte Reifungsprozesse und rasche kognitive Entwicklungsverläufe gekennzeichnet ist. Natürliches Wachstum, biologische Reifung und die permanente Auseinandersetzung mit der physischen und sozialen Umwelt unterstützen und fördern die motorische und kognitive Entwicklung von Kindern. Bemerkenswert ist, dass bereits ab dem frühen Kindesalter die Förderung von körperlicher Aktivität, motorischen Fähigkeiten und Fertigkeiten unablässig ist, da sie zum einen wesentliche Faktoren für eine gesunde Entwicklung sowie eine effiziente alltägliche Funktionstüchtigkeit im Lebensverlauf darstellen und zum anderen das Aktivitätsverhalten und die Lebensgewohnheiten des Kindesalters tendenziell ins Erwachsenenalter übernommen werden. Die Zielstellung der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, das Wissen über motorische und kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit im frühen Kindesalter zu vertiefen und effektive altersgerechte Bewegungsprogramme für die Umsetzung im Setting Kindertagesstätte zu entwickeln. Es wurde ein systematisches Review mit Metaanalyse erarbeitet, um die Effekte von Bewegungsprogrammen zur Verbesserung elementarer Bewegungsfertigkeiten bei gesunden Vorschulkindern zu untersuchen. Zudem wurden die Zusammenhänge zwischen motorischen Fähigkeiten (z.B. statisches Gleichgewicht, Maximalkraft, Schnellkraft und Koordination) und der Konzentration, als ein Bereich der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit, im Kindesalter analysiert. Anschließend wurde die Wirksamkeit eines kraft-orientierten Bewegungsprogramms gegenüber einem gewöhnlichen Kindergartencurriculums auf motorische Fähigkeiten, wie statisches Gleichgewicht, Maximalkraft, Schnellkraft und Koordination sowie auf kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit, wie die Konzentration, überprüft. Das systematische Review beinhaltete Studien mit gesunden jungen Kindern im Setting Kindertagesstätte, welche Bewegungsprogramme von mindestens 4 Wochen zur Verbesserung der elementaren Bewegungsfertigkeiten durchführten und Ergebnisse der Interventions- sowie Kontrollgruppen mithilfe standardisierter motorischer Tests berichteten. In der Querschnitts- und Längsschnittstudie nahmen Kinder im Alter von 4-6 Jahren aus drei Kindertagesstätten teil. Ergebnisorientierte motorische Messungen wurden durchgeführt, um die Maximalkraft (Handkraft), die Schnellkraft (Standweitsprung), das Gleichgewicht (Einbeinstand), die Koordination (einbeiniges Hüpfen rechts/links) und die Konzentrationsfähigkeit (Konzentrations-Handlungsverfahren für Vorschulkinder (KHV-VK)) zu erheben. Mit Bezug zur wissenschaftlichen Literatur stellen Bewegungsprogramme eine effektive Möglichkeit dar, motorische Fertigkeiten (lokomotorische sowie objektbezogene Fertigkeiten) bei Vorschulkindern zu fördern, vor allem, wenn sie von externen Experten durchgeführt werden und eine Dauer von 4 Wochen bis 5 Monaten haben. Darüber hinaus konnten signifikante Zusammenhänge zwischen motorischen Fähigkeiten und der Konzentration sowie insbesondere zwischen der Koordination allein und der Konzentration bei Kindern im Alter von 4-6 Jahren gefunden werden. Ein 10-wöchiges kraft-orientiertes Bewegungsprogramm, welches durch geschultes und qualifiziertes Kindergartenpersonal in Kindertagesstätten durchgeführt wurde, führte zudem zu signifikanten Verbesserungen im Standweitsprung und im KHV-VK bei Kindern der Interventionsgruppe im Vergleich zu Kontrollgruppe. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit zeigen, dass Bewegungsprogramme motorische Fertigkeiten, wie lokomotorische und objektbezogenen Fertigkeiten, verbessern. Dennoch gibt es Bedarf an weiterführenden, methodisch gut designten und qualitativ hochwertigen Interventionsstudien. Motorische Fähigkeiten, besonders gut ausgebildete komplexe Fähigkeiten wie die Koordination (gemessen mit dem einbeinigen Hüpfen), scheinen die Konzentrationsfähigkeit im Vorschulalter zu beeinflussen. Zudem verbessert ein Trainingsprogramm mit kraft-orientierte Übungen, elementare Bewegungsfertigkeiten und turnerischen Elementen die Sprungleistung und scheint gleichzeitig einen Einfluss auf die Konzentrationsfähigkeit bei gesunden Vorschulkindern zu haben. Letztendlich empfiehlt es sich, bereits in jungen Jahren Kraftfähigkeiten, wie Maximal- und Schnellkraft und Kraftausdauer neben Koordination, Agilität, Gleichgewicht und elementaren Bewegungsfertigkeiten zu schulen und diese in regelmäßige Bewegungsstunden im Setting Kindertagesstätte zu integrieren. KW - kindergarten KW - preschool children KW - cognitive skills KW - fundamental movement skills KW - physical fitness KW - kognitive Fähigkeiten KW - elementare Bewegungsfertigkeiten KW - körperliche Fitness KW - Vorschulkinder KW - Kindergarten Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-592532 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wortmann, Hanna Rosalie A1 - Gisch, Ulrike A. A1 - Bergmann, Manuela M. A1 - Warschburger, Petra T1 - Exploring the longitudinal stability of food neophilia and dietary quality and their prospective relationship in older adults BT - a cross-lagged panel analysis N2 - Poor dietary quality is a major cause of morbidity, making the promotion of healthy eating a societal priority. Older adults are a critical target group for promoting healthy eating to enable healthy aging. One factor suggested to promote healthy eating is the willingness to try unfamiliar foods, referred to as food neophilia. This two-wave longitudinal study explored the stability of food neophilia and dietary quality and their prospective relationship over three years, analyzing self-reported data from N = 960 older adults (MT1 = 63.4, range = 50–84) participating in the NutriAct Family Study (NFS) in a cross-lagged panel design. Dietary quality was rated using the NutriAct diet score, based on the current evidence for chronic disease prevention. Food neophilia was measured using the Variety Seeking Tendency Scale. The analyses revealed high a longitudinal stability of both constructs and a small positive cross-sectional correlation between them. Food neophilia had no prospective effect on dietary quality, whereas a very small positive prospective effect of dietary quality on food neophilia was found. Our findings give initial insights into the positive relation of food neophilia and a health-promoting diet in aging and underscore the need for more in-depth research, e.g., on the constructs’ developmental trajectories and potential critical windows of opportunity for promoting food neophilia. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 839 KW - food neophilia KW - dietary quality KW - NutriAct Family Study KW - cross-lagged panel analysis KW - healthy eating Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-589134 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 839 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wortmann, Hanna Rosalie A1 - Gisch, Ulrike A. A1 - Bergmann, Manuela M. A1 - Warschburger, Petra T1 - Exploring the longitudinal stability of food neophilia and dietary quality and their prospective relationship in older adults BT - a cross-lagged panel analysis JF - Nutrients N2 - Poor dietary quality is a major cause of morbidity, making the promotion of healthy eating a societal priority. Older adults are a critical target group for promoting healthy eating to enable healthy aging. One factor suggested to promote healthy eating is the willingness to try unfamiliar foods, referred to as food neophilia. This two-wave longitudinal study explored the stability of food neophilia and dietary quality and their prospective relationship over three years, analyzing self-reported data from N = 960 older adults (MT1 = 63.4, range = 50–84) participating in the NutriAct Family Study (NFS) in a cross-lagged panel design. Dietary quality was rated using the NutriAct diet score, based on the current evidence for chronic disease prevention. Food neophilia was measured using the Variety Seeking Tendency Scale. The analyses revealed high a longitudinal stability of both constructs and a small positive cross-sectional correlation between them. Food neophilia had no prospective effect on dietary quality, whereas a very small positive prospective effect of dietary quality on food neophilia was found. Our findings give initial insights into the positive relation of food neophilia and a health-promoting diet in aging and underscore the need for more in-depth research, e.g., on the constructs’ developmental trajectories and potential critical windows of opportunity for promoting food neophilia. KW - food neophilia KW - dietary quality KW - NutriAct Family Study KW - cross-lagged panel analysis KW - healthy eating Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15051248 SN - 2072-6643 VL - 15 IS - 5 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gericke, Christian A1 - Soemer, Alexander A1 - Schiefele, Ulrich T1 - Benefits of Mind Wandering for Learning in School Through Its Positive Effects on Creativity T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - There is broad agreement among researchers to view mind wandering as an obstacle to learning because it draws attention away from learning tasks. Accordingly, empirical findings revealed negative correlations between the frequency of mind wandering during learning and various kinds of learning outcomes (e.g., text retention). However, a few studies have indicated positive effects of mind wandering on creativity in real-world learning environments. The present article reviews these studies and highlights potential benefits of mind wandering for learning mediated through creative processes. Furthermore, we propose various ways to promote useful mind wandering and, at the same time, minimize its negative impact on learning. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 835 KW - mind wandering KW - creativity KW - divergent thinking KW - incubation effect KW - school learning KW - creative problem solving Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-588731 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 835 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gericke, Christian A1 - Soemer, Alexander A1 - Schiefele, Ulrich T1 - Benefits of Mind Wandering for Learning in School Through Its Positive Effects on Creativity JF - Frontiers in Education N2 - There is broad agreement among researchers to view mind wandering as an obstacle to learning because it draws attention away from learning tasks. Accordingly, empirical findings revealed negative correlations between the frequency of mind wandering during learning and various kinds of learning outcomes (e.g., text retention). However, a few studies have indicated positive effects of mind wandering on creativity in real-world learning environments. The present article reviews these studies and highlights potential benefits of mind wandering for learning mediated through creative processes. Furthermore, we propose various ways to promote useful mind wandering and, at the same time, minimize its negative impact on learning. KW - mind wandering KW - creativity KW - divergent thinking KW - incubation effect KW - school learning KW - creative problem solving Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.774731 SN - 2504-284X VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Media SA CY - Lausanne, Schweiz ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wochatz, Monique A1 - Schraplau, Anne A1 - Engel, Tilman A1 - Zecher, Mahli Megan A1 - Sharon, Hadar A1 - Alt, Yasmin A1 - Mayer, Frank A1 - Kalron, Alon T1 - Application of eccentric training in various clinical populations BT - Protocol for a multi-centered pilot and feasibility study in people with low back pain and people with multiple sclerosis T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Physical activity and exercise are effective approaches in prevention and therapy of multiple diseases. Although the specific characteristics of lengthening contractions have the potential to be beneficial in many clinical conditions, eccentric training is not commonly used in clinical populations with metabolic, orthopaedic, or neurologic conditions. The purpose of this pilot study is to investigate the feasibility, functional benefits, and systemic responses of an eccentric exercise program focused on the trunk and lower extremities in people with low back pain (LBP) and multiple sclerosis (MS). A six-week eccentric training program with three weekly sessions is performed by people with LBP and MS. The program consists of ten exercises addressing strength of the trunk and lower extremities. The study follows a four-group design (N = 12 per group) in two study centers (Israel and Germany): three groups perform the eccentric training program: A) control group (healthy, asymptomatic); B) people with LBP; C) people with MS; group D (people with MS) receives standard care physiotherapy. Baseline measurements are conducted before first training, post-measurement takes place after the last session both comprise blood sampling, self-reported questionnaires, mobility, balance, and strength testing. The feasibility of the eccentric training program will be evaluated using quantitative and qualitative measures related to the study process, compliance and adherence, safety, and overall program assessment. For preliminary assessment of potential intervention effects, surrogate parameters related to mobility, postural control, muscle strength and systemic effects are assessed. The presented study will add knowledge regarding safety, feasibility, and initial effects of eccentric training in people with orthopaedic and neurological conditions. The simple exercises, that are easily modifiable in complexity and intensity, are likely beneficial to other populations. Thus, multiple applications and implementation pathways for the herein presented training program are conceivable. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 833 Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-588493 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 833 ER -