TY  - GEN
A1  - Melnick, Daniel
A1  - Li, Shaoyang
A1  - Moreno, Marcos
A1  - Cisternas, Marco
A1  - Jara-Muñoz, Julius
A1  - Wesson, Robert
A1  - Nelson, Alan
A1  - Báez, Juan Carlos
A1  - Deng, Zhiguo
T1  - Back to full interseismic plate locking decades after the giant 1960 Chile earthquake
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Great megathrust earthquakes arise from the sudden release of energy accumulated during centuries of interseismic plate convergence. The moment deficit (energy available for future earthquakes) is commonly inferred by integrating the rate of interseismic plate locking over the time since the previous great earthquake. But accurate integration requires knowledge of how interseismic plate locking changes decades after earthquakes, measurements not available for most great earthquakes. Here we reconstruct the post-earthquake history of plate locking at Guafo Island, above the seismogenic zone of the giant 1960 (M-w = 9.5) Chile earthquake, through forward modeling of land-level changes inferred from aerial imagery (since 1974) and measured by GPS (since 1994). We find that interseismic locking increased to similar to 70% in the decade following the 1960 earthquake and then gradually to 100% by 2005. Our findings illustrate the transient evolution of plate locking in Chile, and suggest a similarly complex evolution elsewhere, with implications for the time- and magnitude-dependent probability of future events.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 678 
KW  - south-central Chile
KW  - continuous GPS measurements
KW  - andean subduction zone
KW  - finite-element model
KW  - 2010 M8.8 maule
KW  - postseismic deformation
KW  - megathrust earthquake
KW  - afterslip
KW  - slip
KW  - resolution
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-425723
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 678
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Schwanghart, Wolfgang
A1  - Scherler, Dirk
T1  - Bumps in river profiles
BT  - uncertainty assessment and smoothing using quantile regression techniques
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - The analysis of longitudinal river profiles is an important tool for studying landscape evolution. However, characterizing river profiles based on digital elevation models (DEMs) suffers from errors and artifacts that particularly prevail along valley bottoms. The aim of this study is to characterize uncertainties that arise from the analysis of river profiles derived from different, near-globally available DEMs. We devised new algorithms quantile carving and the CRS algorithm - that rely on quantile regression to enable hydrological correction and the uncertainty quantification of river profiles. We find that globally available DEMs commonly overestimate river elevations in steep topography. The distributions of elevation errors become increasingly wider and right skewed if adjacent hillslope gradients are steep. Our analysis indicates that the AW3D DEM has the highest precision and lowest bias for the analysis of river profiles in mountainous topography. The new 12m resolution TanDEM-X DEM has a very low precision, most likely due to the combined effect of steep valley walls and the presence of water surfaces in valley bottoms. Compared to the conventional approaches of carving and filling, we find that our new approach is able to reduce the elevation bias and errors in longitudinal river profiles.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 624 
KW  - digital elevation model
KW  - drainage basins
KW  - DEM uncertainty
KW  - error
KW  - validation
KW  - SRTM
KW  - topography
KW  - resolution
KW  - terrain
KW  - geomorphometry
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419077
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 624
ER  -