TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lohmann, Dirk
A1  - Guo, Tong
A1  - Tietjen, Britta
T1  - Zooming in on coarse plant functional types-simulated response of savanna vegetation composition in response to aridity and grazing
JF  - Theoretical ecology
N2  - Precipitation and land use in terms of livestock grazing have been identified as two of the most important drivers structuring the vegetation composition of semi-arid and arid savannas. Savanna research on the impact of these drivers has widely applied the so-called plant functional type (PFT) approach, grouping the vegetation into two or three broad types (here called meta-PFTs): woody plants and grasses, which are sometimes divided into perennial and annual grasses. However, little is known about the response of functional traits within these coarse types towards water availability or livestock grazing. In this study, we extended an existing eco-hydrological savanna vegetation model to capture trait diversity within the three broad meta-PFTs to assess the effects of both grazing and mean annual precipitation (MAP) on trait composition along a gradient of both drivers. Our results show a complex pattern of trait responses to grazing and aridity. The response differs for the three meta-PFTs. From our findings, we derive that trait responses to grazing and aridity for perennial grasses are similar, as suggested by the convergence model for grazing and aridity. However, we also see that this only holds for simulations below a MAP of 500 mm. This combined with the finding that trait response differs between the three meta-PFTs leads to the conclusion that there is no single, universal trait or set of traits determining the response to grazing and aridity. We finally discuss how simulation models including trait variability within meta-PFTs are necessary to understand ecosystem responses to environmental drivers, both locally and globally and how this perspective will help to extend conceptual frameworks of other ecosystems to savanna research.
KW  - Traits
KW  - Dryland
KW  - Degradation
KW  - Shrub encroachment
KW  - Simulation
KW  - Eco-hydrological model
KW  - EcoHyD
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12080-017-0356-x
SN  - 1874-1738
SN  - 1874-1746
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SP  - 161
EP  - 173
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Prát, Tomáš
A1  - Hajny ́, Jakub
A1  - Grunewald, Wim
A1  - Vasileva, Mina
A1  - Molnár, Gergely
A1  - Tejos, Ricardo
A1  - Schmid, Markus
A1  - Sauer, Michael
A1  - Friml, Jiří
T1  - WRKY23 is a component of the transcriptional network mediating auxin feedback on PIN polarity
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Auxin is unique among plant hormones due to its directional transport that is mediated by the polarly distributed PIN auxin transporters at the plasma membrane. The canalization hypothesis proposes that the auxin feedback on its polar flow is a crucial, plant-specific mechanism mediating multiple self-organizing developmental processes. Here, we used the auxin effect on the PIN polar localization in Arabidopsis thaliana roots as a proxy for the auxin feedback on the PIN polarity during canalization. We performed microarray experiments to find regulators of this process that act downstream of auxin. We identified genes that were transcriptionally regulated by auxin in an AXR3/IAA17-and ARF7/ARF19-dependent manner. Besides the known components of the PIN polarity, such as PID and PIP5K kinases, a number of potential new regulators were detected, among which the WRKY23 transcription factor, which was characterized in more detail. Gain-and loss-of-function mutants confirmed a role for WRKY23 in mediating the auxin effect on the PIN polarity. Accordingly, processes requiring auxin-mediated PIN polarity rearrangements, such as vascular tissue development during leaf venation, showed a higher WRKY23 expression and required the WRKY23 activity. Our results provide initial insights into the auxin transcriptional network acting upstream of PIN polarization and, potentially, canalization-mediated plant development.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1123 
KW  - apical-basal axis
KW  - arabidopsis-thaliana
KW  - root gravitropism
KW  - DNA-binding
KW  - gene-expression
KW  - transport
KW  - efflux
KW  - canalization
KW  - plants
KW  - phosphorylation
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446331
SN  - 1866-8372
IS  - 1123
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Prat, Tomas
A1  - Hajny, Jakub
A1  - Grunewald, Wim
A1  - Vasileva, Mina
A1  - Molnar, Gergely
A1  - Tejos, Ricardo
A1  - Schmid, Markus
A1  - Sauer, Michael
A1  - Friml, Jiří
T1  - WRKY23 is a component of the transcriptional network mediating auxin feedback on PIN polarity
JF  - PLoS Genetics : a peer-reviewed, open-access journal
N2  - Auxin is unique among plant hormones due to its directional transport that is mediated by the polarly distributed PIN auxin transporters at the plasma membrane. The canalization hypothesis proposes that the auxin feedback on its polar flow is a crucial, plant-specific mechanism mediating multiple self-organizing developmental processes. Here, we used the auxin effect on the PIN polar localization in Arabidopsis thaliana roots as a proxy for the auxin feedback on the PIN polarity during canalization. We performed microarray experiments to find regulators of this process that act downstream of auxin. We identified genes that were transcriptionally regulated by auxin in an AXR3/IAA17-and ARF7/ARF19-dependent manner. Besides the known components of the PIN polarity, such as PID and PIP5K kinases, a number of potential new regulators were detected, among which the WRKY23 transcription factor, which was characterized in more detail. Gain-and loss-of-function mutants confirmed a role for WRKY23 in mediating the auxin effect on the PIN polarity. Accordingly, processes requiring auxin-mediated PIN polarity rearrangements, such as vascular tissue development during leaf venation, showed a higher WRKY23 expression and required the WRKY23 activity. Our results provide initial insights into the auxin transcriptional network acting upstream of PIN polarization and, potentially, canalization-mediated plant development.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1007177
SN  - 1553-7404
VL  - 14
IS  - 1
PB  - PLoS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mrochen, Daniel M.
A1  - Schulz, Daniel
A1  - Fischer, Stefan
A1  - Jeske, Kathrin
A1  - El Gohary, Heba
A1  - Reil, Daniela
A1  - Imholt, Christian
A1  - Truebe, Patricia
A1  - Suchomel, Josef
A1  - Tricaud, Emilie
A1  - Jacob, Jens
A1  - Heroldova, Marta
A1  - Bröker, Barbara M.
A1  - Strommenger, Birgit
A1  - Walther, Birgit
A1  - Ulrich, Rainer G.
A1  - Holtfreter, Silva
T1  - Wild rodents and shrews are natural hosts of Staphylococcus aureus
JF  - International Journal of Medical Microbiology
N2  - Laboratory mice are the most commonly used animal model for Staphylococcus aureus infection studies. We have previously shown that laboratory mice from global vendors are frequently colonized with S. aureus. Laboratory mice originate from wild house mice. Hence, we investigated whether wild rodents, including house mice, as well as shrews are naturally colonized with S. aureus and whether S. aureus adapts to the wild animal host. 295 animals of ten different species were caught in different locations over four years (2012-2015) in Germany, France and the Czech Republic. 45 animals were positive for S. aureus (15.3%). Three animals were co-colonized with two different isolates, resulting in 48 S. aureus isolates in total. Positive animals were found in Germany and the Czech Republic in each studied year. The S. aureus isolates belonged to ten different spa types, which grouped into six lineages (clonal complex (CC) 49, CC88, CC130, CC1956, sequence type (ST) 890, ST3033). CC49 isolates were most abundant (17/48, 35.4%), followed by CC1956 (14/48, 29.2%) and ST890 (9/48, 18.8%). The wild animal isolates lacked certain properties that are common among human isolates, e.g., a phage-encoded immune evasion cluster, superantigen genes on mobile genetic elements and antibiotic resistance genes, which suggests long-term adaptation to the wild animal host. One CC130 isolate contained the mecC gene, implying wild rodents might be both reservoir and vector for methicillin-resistant. In conclusion, we demonstrated that wild rodents and shrews are naturally colonized with S. aureus, and that those S. aureus isolates show signs of host adaptation.
KW  - Staphylococcus aureus
KW  - Colonization
KW  - Wild mice
KW  - Host adaptation
KW  - Immune evasion cluster
KW  - mecC
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.09.014
SN  - 1438-4221
SN  - 1618-0607
VL  - 308
IS  - 6
SP  - 590
EP  - 597
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Jena
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hermanussen, Michael
A1  - Bilogub, Maria
A1  - Lindl, A. C.
A1  - Harper, D.
A1  - Mansukoski, L.
A1  - Scheffler, Christiane
T1  - Weight and height growth of malnourished school-age children during re-feeding
BT  - three historic studies published shortly after World War I
JF  - European journal of clinical nutrition
N2  - Background In view of the ongoing debate on "chronic malnutrition" and the concept of "stunting" as "a better measure than underweight of the cumulative effects of undernutrition and infection (WHO)", we translate, briefly comment and republish three seminal historic papers on catch-up growth following re-feeding after severe food restriction of German children during and after World War I. The observations were published in 1920 and 1922, and appear to be of particular interest to the modern nutritionist. Results The papers of Abderhalden (1920) and Bloch (1920) describe German children of all social strata who were born shortly before World War I, and raised in apparently "normal" families. After severe long-standing undernutrition, they participated in an international charity program. They experienced exceptional catch-up growth in height of 3-5 cm within 6-8 weeks. Goldstein (1922) observed 512 orphans and children from underprivileged families. Goldstein described very different growth patterns. These children were much shorter (mean height between -2.0 and -2.8 SDS, modern WHO reference). They mostly failed to catch-up in height, but tended to excessively increase in weight particularly during adolescence.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-018-0274-z
SN  - 0954-3007
SN  - 1476-5640
VL  - 72
IS  - 12
SP  - 1603
EP  - 1619
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Karuwanarint, Piyaporn
A1  - Phonrat, Benjaluck
A1  - Tungtrongchitr, Anchalee
A1  - Suriyaprom, Kanjana
A1  - Chuengsamarn, Somlak
A1  - Schweigert, Florian J.
A1  - Tungtrongchitr, Rungsunn
T1  - Vitamin D-binding protein and its polymorphisms as a predictor for metabolic syndrome
JF  - Biomarkers in medicine
N2  - Aim: To investigate the relationship of vitamin D-binding protein (GC) and genetic variation of GC (rs4588, rs7041 and rs2282679) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Thai population. Materials & methods: GCglobulin concentrations were measured by quantitative western blot analysis in 401 adults. All participants were genotyped using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays. Results: GC-globulin levels were significatly lower in MetS subjects than in control subjects, in which significant negative correlations of GC-globulin levels with systolic blood pressure, glucose and age were found. Male participants who carried the GT genotype for rs4588 showed an increased risk of MetS compared with the GG wild-type (odds ratio: 3.25; p = 0.004). Conclusion: GC-globulin concentrations and variation in GC rs4588 were supported as a risk factor for MetS in Thais.
KW  - GC gene
KW  - GC-globulin
KW  - metabolic syndrome
KW  - polymorphism
KW  - Thai population
KW  - vitamin D-binding protein
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2018-0029
SN  - 1752-0363
SN  - 1752-0371
VL  - 12
IS  - 5
SP  - 465
EP  - 473
PB  - Future Medicine
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wienhold, Sandra-Maria
A1  - Macri, Mario
A1  - Nouailles, Geraldine
A1  - Dietert, Kristina
A1  - Gurtner, Corinne
A1  - Gruber, Achim D.
A1  - Heimesaat, Markus M.
A1  - Lienau, Jasmin
A1  - Schumacher, Fabian
A1  - Kleuser, Burkhard
A1  - Opitz, Bastian
A1  - Suttorp, Norbert
A1  - Witzenrath, Martin
A1  - Müller-Redetzky, Holger C.
T1  - Ventilator-induced lung injury is aggravated by antibiotic mediated microbiota depletion in mice
JF  - Critical Care
N2  - BackgroundAntibiotic exposure alters the microbiota, which can impact the inflammatory immune responses. Critically ill patients frequently receive antibiotic treatment and are often subjected to mechanical ventilation, which may induce local and systemic inflammatory responses and development of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The aim of this study was to investigate whether disruption of the microbiota by antibiotic therapy prior to mechanical ventilation affects pulmonary inflammatory responses and thereby the development of VILI.MethodsMice underwent 6-8weeks of enteral antibiotic combination treatment until absence of cultivable bacteria in fecal samples was confirmed. Control mice were housed equally throughout this period. VILI was induced 3 days after completing the antibiotic treatment protocol, by high tidal volume (HTV) ventilation (34ml/kg; positive end-expiratory pressure=2 cmH(2)O) for 4h. Differences in lung function, oxygenation index, pulmonary vascular leakage, macroscopic assessment of lung injury, and leukocyte and lymphocyte differentiation were assessed. Control groups of mice ventilated with low tidal volume and non-ventilated mice were analyzed accordingly.ResultsAntibiotic-induced microbiota depletion prior to HTV ventilation led to aggravation of VILI, as shown by increased pulmonary permeability, increased oxygenation index, decreased pulmonary compliance, enhanced macroscopic lung injury, and increased cytokine/chemokine levels in lung homogenates.ConclusionsDepletion of the microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotics prior to HTV ventilation renders mice more susceptible to developing VILI, which could be clinically relevant for critically ill patients frequently receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics.
KW  - Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy
KW  - Ventilator-induced lung injury
KW  - Microbiota
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-018-2213-8
SN  - 1466-609X
SN  - 1364-8535
VL  - 22
IS  - 282
PB  - BMC
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fujikura, Ushio
A1  - Jing, Runchun
A1  - Hanada, Atsushi
A1  - Takebayashi, Yumiko
A1  - Sakakibara, Hitoshi
A1  - Yamaguchi, Shinjiro
A1  - Kappel, Christian
A1  - Lenhard, Michael
T1  - Variation in splicing efficiency underlies morphological evolution in capsella
JF  - Developmental cell
N2  - Understanding the molecular basis of morphological change remains a central challenge in evolutionary-developmental biology. The transition from outbreeding to selfing is often associated with a dramatic reduction in reproductive structures and functions, such as the loss of attractive pheromones in hermaphroditic Caenorhabditis elegans and a reduced flower size in plants. Here, we demonstrate that variation in the level of the brassinosteroid-biosynthesis enzyme CYP724A1 contributes to the reduced flower size of selfing Capsella rubella compared with its outbreeding ancestor Capsella grandiflora. The primary transcript of the C. rubella allele is spliced more efficiently than that of C. grandiflora, resulting in higher brassinosteroid levels. These restrict organ growth by limiting cell proliferation. More efficient splicing of the C. rubella allele results from two de novo mutations in the selfing lineage. Thus, our results highlight the potentially widespread importance of differential splicing efficiency and higher-than-optimal hormone levels in generating phenotypic variation.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2017.11.022
SN  - 1534-5807
SN  - 1878-1551
VL  - 44
IS  - 2
SP  - 192
EP  - 203
PB  - Cell Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Liu, Qinsong
A1  - Vain, Thomas
A1  - Viotti, Corrado
A1  - Doyle, Siamsa M.
A1  - Tarkowska, Danuse
A1  - Novak, Ondrej
A1  - Zipfel, Cyril
A1  - Sitbon, Folke
A1  - Robert, Stephanie
A1  - Hofius, Daniel
T1  - Vacuole integrity maintained by DUF300 proteins is required for brassinosteroid signaling regulation
JF  - Molecular plant
N2  - Brassinosteroid (BR) hormone signaling controls multiple processes during plant growth and development and is initiated at the plasma membrane through the receptor kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) together with co-receptors such as BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 (BAK1). BRI1 abundance is regulated by endosomal recycling and vacuolar targeting, but the role of vacuole-related proteins in BR receptor dynamics and BR responses remains elusive. Here, we show that the absence of two DUF300 domain-containing tonoplast proteins, LAZARUS1 (LAZ1) and LAZ1 HOMOLOG1 (LAZ1H1), causes vacuole morphology defects, growth inhibition, and constitutive activation of BR signaling. Intriguingly, tonoplast accumulation of BAK1 was substantially increased and appeared causally linked to enhanced BRI1 trafficking and degradation in laz1 laz1h1 plants. Since unrelated vacuole mutants exhibited normal BR responses, our findings indicate that DUF300 proteins play distinct roles in the regulation of BR signaling by maintaining vacuole integrity required to balance subcellular BAK1 pools and BR receptor distribution.
KW  - brassinosteroid signaling
KW  - vacuole integrity
KW  - DUF300 proteins
KW  - tonoplast
KW  - Arabidopsis
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2017.12.015
SN  - 1674-2052
SN  - 1752-9867
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
SP  - 553
EP  - 567
PB  - Cell Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - de Abreu e Lima, Francisco Anastacio
A1  - Li, Kun
A1  - Wen, Weiwei
A1  - Yan, Jianbing
A1  - Nikoloski, Zoran
A1  - Willmitzer, Lothar
A1  - Brotman, Yariv
T1  - Unraveling lipid metabolism in maize with time-resolved multi-omics data
JF  - The plant journal
N2  - Maize is the cereal crop with the highest production worldwide, and its oil is a key energy resource. Improving the quantity and quality of maize oil requires a better understanding of lipid metabolism. To predict the function of maize genes involved in lipid biosynthesis, we assembled transcriptomic and lipidomic data sets from leaves of B73 and the high-oil line By804 in two distinct time-series experiments. The integrative analysis based on high-dimensional regularized regression yielded lipid-transcript associations indirectly validated by Gene Ontology and promoter motif enrichment analyses. The co-localization of lipid-transcript associations using the genetic mapping of lipid traits in leaves and seedlings of a B73 x By804 recombinant inbred line population uncovered 323 genes involved in the metabolism of phospholipids, galactolipids, sulfolipids and glycerolipids. The resulting association network further supported the involvement of 50 gene candidates in modulating levels of representatives from multiple acyl-lipid classes. Therefore, the proposed approach provides high-confidence candidates for experimental testing in maize and model plant species.
KW  - Zea mays
KW  - lipid metabolism
KW  - omics
KW  - GFLASSO
KW  - QTL
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13833
SN  - 0960-7412
SN  - 1365-313X
VL  - 93
IS  - 6
SP  - 1102
EP  - 1115
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  -