TY - JOUR A1 - Voltmer, Edgar A1 - Spahn, Claudia A1 - Schaarschmidt, Uwe A1 - Kieschke, Ulf T1 - Work-related behavior and experience patterns of entrepreneurs compared to teachers and physicians JF - International archives of occupational and environmental health N2 - Purpose This study examined the status of health-related behavior and experience patterns of entrepreneurs in comparison with teachers and physicians to identify specific health risks and resources. Methods Entrepreneurs (n = 632), teachers (n = 5,196), and physicians (n = 549) were surveyed in a cross-sectional design. The questionnaire Work-related Behavior and Experience Patterns (AVEM) was used for all professions and, in addition, two scales (health prevention and self-confidence) from the Checklist for Entrepreneurs in the sample of entrepreneurs. Results The largest proportion of the entrepreneurs (45%) presented with a healthy pattern (compared with 18.4% teachers and 18.3% physicians). Thirty-eight percent of entrepreneurs showed a risk pattern of overexertion and stress, followed by teachers (28.9%) and physicians (20.6%). Unambitious or burnout patterns were seen in only 9.3/8.2% of entrepreneurs, respectively, and 25.3/27.3% of teachers, and 39.6/21.5% of physicians. While the distribution of patterns in teachers and physicians differed significantly between genders, a gender difference was not found among entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs with the risk pattern of overexertion scored significantly (P < 0.01) lower in self-confidence and health care than those with the healthy pattern. Conclusions The development of a successful enterprise depends, in part, on the health of the entrepreneur. The large proportion of entrepreneurs with the healthy pattern irrespective of gender may support the notion that self-selection effects of healthy individuals in this special career might be important. At the same time, a large proportion was at risk for overexertion and might benefit from measures to cope with professional demands and stress and promote a healthy behavior pattern. KW - Entrepreneurs KW - Physicians KW - Teachers KW - Occupational stress KW - Psychosocial health risks and resources Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-011-0632-9 SN - 0340-0131 VL - 84 IS - 5 SP - 479 EP - 490 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maina, Anthony Gioko A1 - Angondi, Enos Kiforo A1 - Waga, Rosemary T1 - How does the Implementation of a Literacy Learning Tool Kit influence Literacy Skill Acquisition? JF - KEYCIT 2014 - Key Competencies in Informatics and ICT N2 - This study aimed at following how teachers transfer skills into results while using ABRA literacy software. This was done in the second part of the pilot study whose aim was to provide equity to control group teachers and students by exposing them to the ABRACADABRA treatment after the end of phase 1. This opportunity was used to follow the phase 1 teachers to see how the skills learned were being transformed into results. A standard three-day initial training and planning session on how to use ABRA to teach literacy was held at the beginning of each phase for ABRA teachers (phase 1 experimental and phase 2 delayed ABRA). Teachers were provided with teaching materials including a tentative ABRA curriculum developed to align with the Kenyan English Language requirements for year 1 and 3 students. Results showed that although there was no significant difference between the groups in vocabulary-related subscales which include word reading and meaning as well as sentence comprehension, students in ABRACADABRA classes improved their scores at a significantly higher rate than students in control classes in comprehension related scores. An average student in the ABRACADABRA group improved by 12 and 16 percentile points respectively compared to their counterparts in the control group. KW - ABRACADABRA KW - Early Literacy KW - Achievement KW - Teachers KW - Learners Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-82856 SN - 1868-0844 SN - 2191-1940 IS - 7 SP - 319 EP - 326 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kalinowski, Eva A1 - Jurczok, Anne A1 - Westphal, Andrea A1 - Vock, Miriam T1 - Welche individuellen und institutionellen Faktoren begünstigen die Kooperation von Grundschullehrkräften? JF - Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft N2 - Der Kooperation von Lehrkräften wird für die Bewältigung der komplexen Anforderungen des Schulalltags großes Potenzial zugeschrieben. Dennoch ist Kooperation in vielen Lehrkräftekollegien nicht selbstverständlich. Auf Basis einer Befragung von N = 489 Grundschullehrkräften untersucht dieser Beitrag in einem querschnittlichen Design die kollegiale Kooperation in Schulen in Deutschland. Mit einer Regression wurde unter Berücksichtigung der Mehrebenenstruktur der Daten geprüft, in welchem Ausmaß personale, kompetenzbezogene und institutionelle Merkmale die Umsetzung verschiedener Kooperationsformen wahrscheinlicher machen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Kooperationsform „Austausch“ in der Arbeit der Lehrkräfte ausgeprägt wahrgenommen wurde, die Kooperationsform „Kokonstruktion“ weniger. Zudem zeigen sich Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede in den begünstigenden Faktoren. Während sich für beide Kooperationsformen die Wahrnehmung kollektiver Selbstwirksamkeit und das Zusammenspiel zwischen organisatorischen und räumlichen Rahmenbedingungen als prädiktiv erwiesen, spielte der Enthusiasmus lediglich für den Austausch und die Unterrichtserfahrung nur für die Kokonstruktion eine Rolle. N2 - Collaboration between teachers is seen as having great potential for dealing with the complex everyday challenges that arise in schools. But collaboration is not something that is necessarily implemented in schools. In a cross-sectional study, this paper investigates collaboration among colleagues in German schools, based on a questionnaire of N = 489 primary school teachers. Using a linear regression allowing for the multilevel structure of the data, we explored the extent to which different demographic, competence-related, and institutional characteristics make the implementation of specific forms of collaboration more likely. The results show that the teachers experienced the collaboration forms "exchange" and "co-construction" at different levels, with "exchange" being more prevalent. There are similarities, but also differences, in the predictive factors for each form of collaboration. While the perception of collective self-efficacy and the interplay of organisational framework and the set-up of working spaces proved to be predictive for both forms, enthusiasm only played a role in "exchange" and teaching experience was only predictive for "co-construction". T2 - Which individual and institutional factors facilitate collaboration between teachers in primary schools? KW - Collaboration KW - Co-construction KW - Exchange KW - Primary school KW - Teachers KW - Kooperation KW - Kokonstruktion KW - Austausch KW - Grundschule KW - Lehrkräfte Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-022-01081-4 SN - 1434-663X SN - 1862-5215 VL - 25 SP - 999 EP - 1029 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lazarides, Rebecca A1 - Schiepe-Tiska, Anja T1 - Heterogeneity of motivational characteristics in classroom JF - Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft N2 - An effective handling of heterogeneous groups in classrooms is one of the main challenges that teachers face when planning their instruction. However, including means of adaptive teaching in classrooms also yields the chance to re-conceptualize classroom instruction. Researchers and practitioners often discuss the question of how different ability levels can be considered adequately in teaching and learning. Because motivation is a central source of competence development and self-regulated learning, the current article discusses how teaching can adapt to learners' different motivational states and traits. In a first step, we review theoretical and empirical perspectives on intra- and interindividual motivational differences in students and their relations to other dimensions of classroom heterogeneity such as gender, ethnic background, and socio-economic status. Against this background, we discuss how instruction can adapt effectively to learners' different motivational needs. We introduce a model of adaptive teaching that refers to students' intra- and interindividual motivational differences and derive conclusions for teacher education and instructional practice. N2 - Der angemessene Umgang mit Heterogenität gilt als eine der zentralen Herausforderungen aber auch als eine bedeutsame Chance für Schule und Unterricht. Dabei wird häufig die Frage diskutiert, wie Unterricht adaptiv das Leistungsniveau von Lernenden berücksichtigen kann. Im vorliegenden Beitrag gehen wir der Frage nach, wie Unterrichtsgestaltung die unterschiedlichen motivationalen Lernvoraussetzungen von Schülerinnen und Schülern und ihr unterschiedliches motivationales Erleben von Lernsituationen angemessen aufgreifen kann. Dabei werden zunächst theoretische und empirische Perspektiven auf motivationale Heterogenität und ihr Zusammenwirken mit geschlechtsbezogenen, sprachlichen oder sozialen Heterogenitätsdimensionen diskutiert. Anschließend befassen wir uns mit der Frage, wie und unter welchen Bedingungen Unterricht adaptiv unterschiedliche motivationale Lernvoraussetzungen aufgreifen kann und schlagen ein Prozessmodell motivational adaptiver Unterrichtsgestaltung vor, aus dem auch praktische Implikationen für Lehrkräftebildung und Unterrichtspraxis abgeleitet werden. KW - Motivation KW - Heterogenous groups KW - Adaptive teaching KW - Teachers KW - Heterogenität KW - Adaptives Unterrichten KW - Lehrkräfte Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-022-01082-3 SN - 1434-663X SN - 1862-5215 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 249 EP - 267 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER -