TY - JOUR A1 - Krahe, Charlotte A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Weinman, John A. A1 - Fotopoulou, Aikaterini T1 - The social modulation of pain - others as predictive signals of salience ; a systematic review JF - Frontiers in human neuroscienc N2 - Several studies in cognitive neuroscience have investigated the cognitive and affective modulation of pain. By contrast, fewer studies have focused on the social modulation of pain, despite a plethora of relevant clinical findings. Here we present the first review of experimental studies addressing how interpersonal factors, such as the presence, behavior, and spatial proximity of an observer, modulate pain. Based on a systematic literature search, we identified 26 studies on experimentally induced pain that manipulated different interpersonal variables and measured behavioral, physiological, and neural pain-related responses. We observed that the modulation of pain by interpersonal factors depended on (1) the degree to which the social partners were active or were perceived by the participants to possess possibility for action; (2) the degree to which participants could perceive the specific intentions of the social partners; (3) the type of pre-existing relationship between the social partner and the person in pain, and lastly, (4) individual differences in relating to others and coping styles. Based on these findings, we propose that the modulation of pain by social factors can be fruitfully understood in relation to a recent predictive coding model, the free energy framework, particularly as applied to interoception and social cognition. Specifically, we argue that interpersonal interactions during pain may function as social, predictive signals of contextual threat or safety and as such influence the salience of noxious stimuli. The perception of such interpersonal interactions may in turn depend on (a) prior beliefs about interpersonal relating and (b) the certainty or precision by which an interpersonal interaction may predict environmental threat or safety. KW - pain KW - social modulation KW - social support KW - empathy KW - predictive coding KW - attachment KW - review Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00386 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 7 IS - 29 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - INPR A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Hamilton, Antonia F. de C. A1 - Cross, Emily S. T1 - Simulating and predicting others' actions T2 - Psychological research : an international journal of perception, attention, memory, and action Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-012-0443-y SN - 0340-0727 VL - 76 IS - 4 SP - 383 EP - 387 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Springer, Anne T1 - Selbst, Kultur und soziale Kognition JF - Das Bild zwischen Kognition und Kreativität Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-8376-1365-0 SP - 171 EP - 195 PB - Transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Beyer, Juliane A1 - Derrfuss, Jan A1 - Volz, Kirsten G. A1 - Hannover, Bettina T1 - SEEING YOU OR THE SCENE? SELF-CONSTRUALS MODULATE INHIBITORY MECHANISMS OF ATTENTION JF - Social cognition : the journal of the International Social Cognition Network N2 - It has often been shown that independent self-construals (emphasizing personal uniqueness) coincide with an analytic, context-independent style of information processing whereas interdependent self-construals (emphasizing relatedness with others) promote holistic, context-dependent processing. The present study suggests that these cognitive variations between different self-construals can be accounted for by higher order cognitive functions for the control of ongoing mental operations (i.e., executive functions). Using an experimental paradigm, we showed naturalistic pictures displaying a face and a place superimposed on each other. On each trial, one of these dimensions served as a target (depicted in magenta), while the other served as a distractor (depicted in gray). The results showed that independency primed participants were less affected by distractors appearing in the presence of a target (i.e., smaller interference effect) than interdependency primed participants. Importantly, the independency primed participants revealed evidence of mental inhibition of distractors, showing longer reaction times when previously ignored distractors subsequently became targets (i.e., a negatively signed priming effect). Thus, our study is the first to suggest that differences in fundamental processes of cognitive control, namely, the inhibition of automatically triggered (but inappropriate) response tendencies, are the driving force behind the many previously reported differences between individuals primed for independency versus interdependency. Y1 - 2012 SN - 0278-016X VL - 30 IS - 2 SP - 133 EP - 152 PB - Guilford Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stadler, Waltraud A1 - Ott, Derek V. M. A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Schubotz, Ricarda I. A1 - Schütz-Bosbach, Simone A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Repetitive TMS suggests a role of the human dorsal premotor cortex in action prediction JF - Frontiers in human neuroscienc N2 - Predicting the actions of other individuals is crucial for our daily interactions. Recent evidence suggests that the prediction of object-directed arm and full-body actions employs the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd). Thus, the neural substrate involved in action control may also be essential for action prediction. Here, we aimed to address this issue and hypothesized that disrupting the PMd impairs action prediction. Using fMRI-guided coil navigation, rTMS (five pulses, 10Hz) was applied over the left PMd and over the vertex (control region) while participants observed everyday actions in video clips that were transiently occluded for 1s. The participants detected manipulations in the time course of occluded actions, which required them to internally predict the actions during occlusion. To differentiate between functional roles that the PMd could play in prediction, rTMS was either delivered at occluder-onset (TMS-early), affecting the initiation of action prediction, or 300 ms later during occlusion(TMS-late), affecting the maintenance of anongoing prediction. TMS-early over the left PMd produced more prediction errors than TMS-early over the vertex. TMS-late had no effect on prediction performance, suggesting that the left PMd might be involved particularly during the initiation of internally guided action prediction but may play a subordinate role in maintaining ongoing prediction. These findings open a new perspective on the role of the left PMd in action prediction which is in line with its functions in action control and in cognitive tasks. In the discussion, there levance of the left PMd for integrating external action parameters with the observer's motor repertoire is emphasized. Overall, the results are in line with the notion that premotor functions are employed in both action control and action observation. KW - action observation KW - prediction KW - occlusion KW - premotor KW - PMd KW - transcranial magnetic stimulation Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00020 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 6 IS - 2 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stadler, Waltraud A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Parkinson, Jim A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Movement kinematics affect action prediction comparing human to non-human point-light actions JF - Psychological research : an international journal of perception, attention, memory, and action N2 - The influence of movement kinematics on the accuracy of predicting the time course of another individual's actions was studied. A human point-light shape was animated with human movement (natural condition) and with artificial movement that was more uniform regarding velocity profiles and trajectories (artificial condition). During brief occlusions, the participants predicted the actions in order to judge after occlusion whether the actions were continued coherently in time or shifted to an earlier or later frame. Error rates and reaction times were increased in the artificial compared to the natural condition. The findings suggest a perceptual advantage for movement with a human velocity profile, corresponding to the notion of a close interaction between observed and executed movement. The results are discussed in the framework of the simulation account and alternative interpretations are provided on the basis of correlations between the velocity profiles of natural and artificial movements with prediction performance. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-012-0431-2 SN - 0340-0727 VL - 76 IS - 4 SP - 395 EP - 406 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Brandstädter, Simone A1 - Liepelt, Roman A1 - Birngruber, Teresa A1 - Giese, Martin A1 - Mechsner, Franz A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Motor execution affects action prediction JF - Brain and cognition : a journal of experimental and clinical research N2 - Previous studies provided evidence of the claim that the prediction of occluded action involves real-time simulation. We report two experiments that aimed to study how real-time simulation is affected by simultaneous action execution under conditions of full, partial or no overlap between observed and executed actions. This overlap was analysed by comparing the body sides and the movement kinematics involved in the observed and the executed action. While performing actions, participants observed point-light (PL) actions that were interrupted by an occluder, followed by a test pose. The task was to judge whether the test pose depicted a continuation of the occluded action in the same depth angle. Using a paradigm proposed by Graf et al., we independently manipulated the duration of the occluder and the temporal advance of the test pose relative to occlusion onset (occluder time and pose time, respectively). This paradigm allows the assessment of real-time simulation, based on prediction performance across different occluder time/pose time combinations (i.e., improved task performance with decreasing time distance between occluder time and pose time is taken to reflect real-time simulation). The PL actor could be perceived as from the front or back, as indicated by task instructions. In Experiment 1 (front view instructions), evidence of action simulation was obtained for partial overlap (i.e., observed and performed action corresponded either in body side or movement kinematics), but not for full or no overlap conditions. The same pattern was obtained in Experiment 2 (back view instructions), ruling out a spatial compatibility explanation for the real-time pattern observed. Our results suggest that motor processes affect action prediction and real-time simulation. The strength of their impact varies as a function of the overlap between observed and executed actions. KW - Action prediction KW - Internal simulation KW - Motor execution KW - Common coding KW - Perception-action-link Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2011.03.007 SN - 0278-2626 VL - 76 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 36 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sparenberg, Peggy A1 - Topolinski, Sascha A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Minimal mimicry: Mere effector matching induces preference JF - Brain and cognition : a journal of experimental and clinical research N2 - Both mimicking and being mimicked induces preference for a target. The present experiments investigate the minimal sufficient conditions for this mimicry-preference link to occur. We argue that mere effector matching between one's own and the other person's movement is sufficient to induce preference, independent of which movement is actually performed. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants moved either their arms or legs, and watched avatars that moved either their arms or legs, respectively, without any instructions to mimic. The executed movements themselves and their pace were completely different between participants (fast circular movements) and targets (slow linear movements). Participants preferred avatars that moved the same body part as they did over avatars that moved a different body part. In Experiment 3, using human targets and differently paced movements, movement similarity was manipulated in addition to effector overlap (moving forward-backward or sideways with arms or legs, respectively). Only effector matching, but not movement matching, influenced preference ratings. These findings suggest that mere effector overlap is sufficient to trigger preference by mimicry. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KW - Mimicry KW - Preference KW - Action-perception link KW - Common coding Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2012.08.004 SN - 0278-2626 VL - 80 IS - 3 SP - 291 EP - 300 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Huttenlocher, Agnes A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Language-induced modulation during the prediction of others' actions JF - Psychological research : an international journal of perception, attention, memory, and action N2 - Processing of action words has been shown to influence the perception of the actions the words refer to. Specifically, the accuracy with which people predict the future course of actions observed in another individual seems to be affected by verbal primes. Two processes may be involved in action prediction; dynamic simulation (updating) and static matching. The present study examined this issue by testing the impact of action verb processing on action prediction performance using a masked priming paradigm. Evidence of dynamic updating was revealed after prime verbs expressing dynamic actions (e.g., 'to catch') but not those expressing static actions (e.g., 'to lean'). In contrast to previous work, the primes were masked and did not require any response at all. Hence, our results indicate that implicit action-related linguistic processing may trigger action simulation that in turn might affect action prediction (see also Liepelt, Dolk, & Prinz, Psychological Research, 2012, in this issue). Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-012-0411-6 SN - 0340-0727 VL - 76 IS - 4 SP - 456 EP - 466 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Springer, Anne A1 - Brandstädter, Simone A1 - Prinz, Wolfgang T1 - Dynamic Simulation and Static Matching for Action Prediction : evidence from Body Part Priming JF - Cognitive science : a multidisciplinary journal of anthropology, artificial intelligence, education, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy, psychology ; journal of the Cognitive Science Society N2 - Accurately predicting other people's actions may involve two processes: internal real-time simulation (dynamic updating) and matching recently perceived action images (static matching). Using a priming of body parts, this study aimed to differentiate the two processes. Specifically, participants played a motion-controlled video game with either their arms or legs. They then observed arm movements of a point-light actor, which were briefly occluded from view, followed by a static test pose. Participants judged whether this test pose depicted a coherent continuation of the previously seen action (i.e., action prediction task). Evidence of dynamic updating was obtained after compatible effector priming (i.e., arms), whereas incompatible effector priming (i.e., legs) indicated static matching. Together, the results support action prediction as engaging two distinct processes, dynamic simulation and static matching, and indicate that their relative contributions depend on contextual factors like compatibility of body parts involved in performed and observed action. KW - Action prediction KW - Internal simulation KW - Body part priming KW - Point-light action Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12044 SN - 0364-0213 VL - 37 IS - 5 SP - 936 EP - 952 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER -