TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jacobi, Juliane
T1  - Are girls less political than boys : research strategies and concepts for gender studies on 9-12-years-olds
Y1  - 1995
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jacobi, Juliane
T1  - Between charity and education : orphans and orphanages in early modern times
N2  - In early modern times orphans have been children who could not expect sufficient support from their family because of lack of at least one parent, in most cases the father. This article will clarify of whom we are talking if we talk about orphans and what have been the conditions of living in a society which was organised by a high variety of status for these children. Why could they be called children at risk? What options have been developed to raise these children and how was the variety of institutions founded in the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries organised? The author draws from a number of studies on the history of poverty and provisions for orphans throughout Europe concluding with some considerations of the relevance of the Waisenhausstreit, a prominent German controversy brought about by enlightened educators and medical doctors during the second half of the eighteenth century when the option of raising orphans in centralised institutions became a controversial issue. Micro-historical investigation into orphanages in various European countries between 1550 and 1750 offers strong evidence that our view of orphans and orphanages are shaped by nineteenth-century notions of poverty and indigent children.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/openurl?genre=journal&issn=0030-9230
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/00309230902746396
SN  - 0030-9230
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Jacobi, Juliane
T1  - Education
BT  - learning, literacy and domestic virtues
T2  - The routledge history of women in early modern Europe
N2  - Vives emphasizes needlework as an appropriate occupation for all women, even for ‘a princess or a queen’. A wide variety of schools run by individual tradesmen or women offered instruction in certain fields, such as writing and calculus, while schools erected or licensed by the authorities concentrated on religious education. A large group of orphanages founded during the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries provided a sound education for boys and girls. Authorities, parents and educational thinkers of the time were much less concerned with girls’ education than with that of boys. Private tutoring at home concentrated on the same subjects but, when boys were instructed at home, some girls had a chance to participate in a more academically oriented education. In most educational settings, be it at day schools, boarding schools or in private homes, teachers, mothers and governesses were expected to raise good housewives, pious mothers and obedient spouses.
Y1  - 2019
SN  - 978-0-429-35578-3
SN  - 978-0-415-73251-2
U6  - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429355783
SP  - 115
EP  - 134
PB  - Routledge
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jacobi, Juliane
T1  - Gender and the modern research university : the admission of women to German higher education, 1865-1914
Y1  - 2005
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jacobi, Juliane
T1  - Gender stuies en sciences de 'éducation en Allemagne
Y1  - 2003
SN  - 2-7071-4111-9
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jacobi, Juliane
T1  - Schoolmarm, Volkserzieher, Kantor und Schulschwester : German teachers among German immigrants during the second half of the nineteenth century
JF  - Publications of the German Historical Institute, Washington D. C.
Y1  - 1995
ER  -