TY  - JOUR
A1  - Felser, Claudia
A1  - Cunnings, Ian
A1  - Batterham, Claire
A1  - Clahsen, Harald
T1  - The timing of Island effects in nonnative sentence processing
JF  - Studies in second language acquisition
N2  - Using the eye-movement monitoring technique in two reading comprehension experiments, this study investigated the timing of constraints on wh-dependencies (so-called island constraints) in first- and second-language (L1 and L2) sentence processing. The results show that both L1 and L2 speakers of English are sensitive to extraction islands during processing, suggesting that memory storage limitations affect L1 and L2 comprehenders in essentially the same way. Furthermore, these results show that the timing of island effects in L1 compared to L2 sentence comprehension is affected differently by the type of cue (semantic fit versus filled gaps) signaling whether dependency formation is possible at a potential gap site. Even though L1 English speakers showed immediate sensitivity to filled gaps but not to lack of semantic fit, proficient German-speaking learners of English as a L2 showed the opposite sensitivity pattern. This indicates that initial wh-dependency formation in L2 processing is based on semantic feature matching rather than being structurally mediated as in L1 comprehension.
KW  - trace positions
KW  - empty categories
KW  - garden-paths
KW  - 2nd-language
KW  - grammar
KW  - dependencies
KW  - plausibility
KW  - constraints
KW  - english
KW  - comprehension
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263111000507
SN  - 0272-2631
VL  - 34
IS  - 1
SP  - 67
EP  - 98
PB  - Cambridge University Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Felser, Claudia
A1  - Cunnings, Ian
A1  - Batterham, Claire
A1  - Clahsen, Harald
T1  - The timing of island effects in nonnative sentence processing
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Using the eye-movement monitoring technique in two reading comprehension experiments, this study investigated the timing of constraints on wh-dependencies (so-called island constraints) in first- and second-language (L1 and L2) sentence processing. The results show that both L1 and L2 speakers of English are sensitive to extraction islands during processing, suggesting that memory storage limitations affect L1 and L2 comprehenders in essentially the same way. Furthermore, these results show that the timing of island effects in L1 compared to L2 sentence comprehension is affected differently by the type of cue (semantic fit versus filled gaps) signaling whether dependency formation is possible at a potential gap site. Even though L1 English speakers showed immediate sensitivity to filled gaps but not to lack of semantic fit, proficient German-speaking learners of English as a L2 showed the opposite sensitivity pattern. This indicates that initial wh-dependency formation in L2 processing is based on semantic feature matching rather than being structurally mediated as in L1 comprehension.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 526 
KW  - trace positions
KW  - empty categories
KW  - garden-paths
KW  - 2nd-language
KW  - grammar
KW  - dependencies
KW  - plausibility
KW  - constraints
KW  - english
KW  - comprehension
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-415179
SN  - 1866-8364
EP  - 526
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Festman, Julia
A1  - Clahsen, Harald
T1  - How Germans prepare for the English past tense
BT  - silent production of inflected words during EEG
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Processes involved in late bilinguals' production of morphologically complex words were studied using an event-related brain potentials (ERP) paradigm in which EEGs were recorded during participants' silent productions of English past- and present-tense forms. Twenty-three advanced second language speakers of English (first language [L1] German) were compared to a control group of 19 L1 English speakers from an earlier study. We found a frontocentral negativity for regular relative to irregular past-tense forms (e.g., asked vs. held) during (silent) production, and no difference for the present-tense condition (e.g., asks vs. holds), replicating the ERP effect obtained for the L1 group. This ERP effect suggests that combinatorial processing is involved in producing regular past-tense forms, in both late bilinguals and L1 speakers. We also suggest that this paradigm is a useful tool for future studies of online language production.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 521 
KW  - morphologically complex words
KW  - masked priming experiments
KW  - brain potentials
KW  - speech production
KW  - time-course
KW  - language production
KW  - electrophysiological evidence
KW  - late bilinguals
KW  - lexical access
KW  - 2nd-language
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-414455
IS  - 521
SP  - 487
EP  - 506
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Festman, Julia
A1  - Clahsen, Harald
T1  - How Germans prepare for the English past tense
BT  - silent production of inflected words during EEG
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Processes involved in late bilinguals' production of morphologically complex words were studied using an event-related brain potentials (ERP) paradigm in which EEGs were recorded during participants' silent productions of English past- and present-tense forms. Twenty-three advanced second language speakers of English (first language [L1] German) were compared to a control group of 19 L1 English speakers from an earlier study. We found a frontocentral negativity for regular relative to irregular past-tense forms (e.g., asked vs. held) during (silent) production, and no difference for the present-tense condition (e.g., asks vs. holds), replicating the ERP effect obtained for the L1 group. This ERP effect suggests that combinatorial processing is involved in producing regular past-tense forms, in both late bilinguals and L1 speakers. We also suggest that this paradigm is a useful tool for future studies of online language production.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 504 
KW  - morphologically complex words
KW  - masked priming experiments
KW  - brain potentials
KW  - speech production
KW  - time-course
KW  - language production
KW  - electrophysiological evidence
KW  - late bilinguals
KW  - lexical access
KW  - 2nd-language
Y1  - 2019
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413678
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 504
ER  -