TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kopinski, Stephan
A1  - Engel, Tilman
A1  - Cassel, Michael
A1  - Fröhlich, Katja
A1  - Mayer, Frank
A1  - Carlsohn, Anja
T1  - Ultrasound Applied to Subcutaneous Fat Tissue Measurements in International Elite Canoeists
JF  - International journal of sports medicine
N2  - Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) measurements with ultrasound have recently been introduced to assess body fat in elite athletes. However, appropriate protocols and data on various groups of athletes are missing. We investigated intra-rater reliability of SAT measurements using ultrasound in elite canoe athletes. 25 international level canoeists (18 male, 7 female; 23 +/- 4 years; 81 +/- 11 kg; 1.83 +/- 0.09 m; 20 +/- 3 training h/wk) were measured on 2 consecutive days. SAT was assessed with B-mode ultrasound at 8 sites (ISAK): triceps, subscapular, biceps, iliac crest, supraspinal, abdominal, front thigh, medial calf, and quantified using image analysis software. Data was analyzed descriptively (mean +/- SD, [range]). Coefficient of variation (CV %), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, 2.1) and absolute (LoA) and ratio limits of agreement (RLoA) were calculated for day-to-day reliability. Mean sum of SAT thickness was 30.0 +/- 19.4 mm [8.0, 80.1 mm], with 3.9 +/- 1.8 mm [1.2 mm subscapular, 8.0 mm abdominal] for individual sites. CV for the sum of sites was 4.7 %, ICC 0.99, LoA 1.7 +/- 3.6 mm, RLoA 0.940 (*/divided by 1.155). Measuring SAT with ultrasound has proved to have excellent day-to-day reliability in elite canoe athletes. Recommendations for standardization of the method will further increase accuracy and reproducibility.
KW  - subcutaneous adipose tissue
KW  - skinfold thickness
KW  - elite athletes
KW  - body composition
KW  - ultrasonography
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1555857
SN  - 0172-4622
SN  - 1439-3964
VL  - 36
IS  - 14
SP  - 1134
EP  - 1141
PB  - Thieme
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Scheffler, Christiane
T1  - The change of skeletal robustness of 6-12 years old children in Brandenburg (Germany) - Comparison of body composition 1999-2009
JF  - Journal of biological and clinical anthropology : Anthropologischer Anzeiger ; Mitteilungsorgan der Gesellschaft für Anthropologie
N2  - Overweight as a global problem is a challenge to the health systems today and in the future. Detailed information about the development of body composition in children can help to design preventive measures to stop this trend. In the present study 1397 German children aged 6-12 complete years were investigated with anthropometric methods (i.e. height, weight, BMI, skeleton robustness, and percentage of body fat) in 2008/09. The results were compared with a 10 years old identical study. Today, the investigated children are a little bit smaller and the range of BMI and percentage of body fat is increasing. The large decrease of the skeletal robustness especially in the 10(th) and 3(rd) percentile is important. Decrease of physical activity as the most important reason for shrinking skeletal robustness is discussed.
KW  - school children
KW  - body composition
KW  - skeletal robustness
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2011/0095
SN  - 0003-5548
VL  - 68
IS  - 2
SP  - 153
EP  - 165
PB  - Schweizerbart
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  -