TY - JOUR A1 - Yu, Tien-Shin A1 - Kofler, Heike A1 - Häusler, Rainer E. A1 - Hille, Diana A1 - Flügge, Ulf-Ingo A1 - Zeeman, Samuel C. A1 - Smith, Alison M. A1 - Kossmann, Jens A1 - Lloyd, James R. A1 - Ritte, Gerhard A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Lue, Wei-Ling A1 - Chen, Jychian A1 - Weber, Andreas P. M. T1 - The Arabidopsis sex1 mutant is defective in the R1 protein, a general regulator of starch degradation in plants, and not in the chloroplast hexose transporter Y1 - 2001 SN - 1040-4651 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ritte, Gerhard A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Kossmann, Jens A1 - Lloyd, James R. T1 - Determination of the starch phosphorylating enzyme activity in plant extracts Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ritte, Gerhard A1 - Lloyd, James R. A1 - Eckermann, Nora A1 - Rottmann, Antje A1 - Kossmann, Jens A1 - Steup, Martin T1 - The starch-related R1 protein is an a-glucan, water dikinase Y1 - 2002 SN - 0027-8424 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lloyd, James R. A1 - Kossmann, Jens A1 - Ritte, Gerhard T1 - Leaf starch degradation comes out of the shadows N2 - During the day, plants accumulate starch in their leaves as an energy source for the coming night. Based on recent findings, the prevailing view of how the transitory starch is remobilized needs considerable revision. Analyses of transgenic and mutant plants demonstrate that plastidic glucan phosphorylase is not required for normal starch breakdown and cast doubt on the presumed essential role of alpha-amylase but do show that beta-amylase is important. Repression of the activity of a plastidic beta-amylase, the export of its product (maltose) or further metabolism of maltose by a newly identified transglucosidase impairs starch degradation. Breakdown of particulate starch also depends on the activity of glucan-water dikinase, which phosphorylates glucosyl residues within the polymer Y1 - 2005 ER -