TY - JOUR A1 - Laurinaviehyute, Anna K. A1 - Chrabaszcz, Anna V. A1 - Farizova, Nina O. A1 - Tolkacheva, Valeria A. A1 - Dragoy, Olga V. T1 - Влияние сенсомоторных стереотипоВ на понимание пространстВенных конструкций BT - данные дВижений глаз BT - evidence from eye-tracking JF - Voprosy Jazykoznanij N2 - In an eye-tracking study we tested the hypothesis that comprehension is facilitated by a match between the order of the verb and its arguments in a sentence and the order of the actual sensorimotor interaction with these objects (for example, in the phrase put the bag into the box, the order of the arguments corresponds to the order of motor actions: take the bag, put it into the box) could facilitate comprehension of such constructions. We tested 40 native Russian speakers in a visual world sentence-picture matching task. In prepositional constructions, there was no difference between conditions that matched or mismatched sensorimotor stereotypes, whereas in instrumental constructions, sensorimotor stereotypes facilitated comprehension. T2 - The influence of sensorimotor stereotypes on thecomprehension of spatial constructions KW - embodied cognition KW - eye-tracking KW - language comprehension KW - reversible constructions KW - sensorimotor bias Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31857/S0373658X0001002-1 SN - 0373-658X IS - 3 SP - 99 EP - 109 PB - Nauka CY - Moskva ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kosman, Admiʾel T1 - Überschreitungen der Grenzen - in Alltagskleidern in den Schabbat T2 - Grenzüberschreitungen : in Erinnerung an Francesca Yardenit Albertini Y1 - 2016 SP - 85 EP - 91 PB - Arijeh CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Rettig, Robert T1 - Über die Anisotropie der Kosmischen Strahlung Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - THES A1 - Viglialoro, Luca T1 - Ästhetische Erfahrung und Textästhetik in "Microfilm" von Andrea Zanzotto T2 - Sanssouci - Forschungen zur Romanistik ; 10 N2 - "Microfilm" (1971) von Andrea Zanzotto ist ein hoch komplexes, intermediales Gebilde, das seit seiner erstmaligen Veröffentlichung der Zanzotto-Forschung große interpretative Schwierigkeiten bereitet hat. Die vorliegende Arbeit ist die erste umfassende Monographie zu "Microfilm". Nach Zanzottos eigener Aussage entstand "Microfilm" als künstlerische Reaktion auf die Katastrophe von Vajont vom 9. Oktober 1963, als ein Bergrutsch eine gewaltige Flutwelle auslöste, die über den Vajont-Staudamm hinweg ins Tal von Longarone stürzte. Der Hintergrund des Werkes gibt dem Autor den Anlass zu einem simulierten Hinterfragen des tragischen Ereignisses und zugleich seines eigenen Schaffens. Dies vollzieht sich in der Form einer trugbildhaften bildschriftlichen Komposition. Die Sinnlosigkeit der Katastrophe wiederholt sich in der diskontinuierlichen, hermetischen Form von Zanzottos Text. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-7329-0225-5 PB - Frank & Timme CY - Berlin ER - TY - THES A1 - Bienert, Michael C. T1 - Zwischen Opposition und Blockpolitik BT - die "bürgerlichen" Parteien und die SED in den Landtagen von Brandenburg und Thüringen (1946-1952) T2 - Beiträge zur Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien ; 171 N2 - Die Geschichte der Landtage in der SBZ und in der frühen DDR ist weithin in Vergessenheit geraten. Obwohl die allgemeine Forschungsmeinung ihnen bislang nur die Rolle einer Fußnote der Landesgeschichte beigemessen hat, besaßen die Parlamente in Wirklichkeit für die Nachkriegszeit eine nicht zu unterschätzende Bedeutung. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht am Beispiel der Landtage von Brandenburg und Thüringen den Wandel der Volksvertretungen von ihren Anfängen 1946 bis zur Auflösung 1952. Im Sinne einer vergleichenden Landesgeschichte werden die Parlamente nicht nur in den von der Besatzungsmacht vorgegebenen politischen und administrativen Rahmen eingeordnet, sondern es wird auch nach ihren strukturellen Gemeinsamkeiten und Besonderheiten gefragt. Das Augenmerk richtet sich zudem auf die Wandlung der Landtagsfraktionen von CDU und LDP: Pochten diese anfangs auf Eigenständigkeit und Gleichberechtigung, wurden sie rasch einem Prozess der politischen Anpassung und schließlich der Ausschaltung unterworfen. An dessen Ende stand die vollständige Unterordnung unter den Willen der Einheitspartei. Die Publikation versteht sich somit als ein Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis der Diktaturdurchsetzung in der SBZ/DDR auf Landesebene. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-7700-5330-8 PB - Droste CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - BOOK ED - Krämer, Raimund T1 - Zwischen Hegemonie und Verantwortung BT - Die Linke und die deutsche Außenpolitik im 21. Jahrhundert ; Festschrift für Erhard Crome zum 65. Geburtstag N2 - Deutsche Außenpolitik zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts und die Linke im Spannungsfeld zwischen Nation und Internationalismus: Für Erhard Crome geht es um nicht weniger als die Frage, wie deutsche Außenpolitik von links gedacht und konzipiert werden sollte. In der vorliegenden Festschrift gehen Kolleginnen und Kollegen dieser Frage gemeinsam mit dem Jubilar nach. Ein Plädoyer für eine nicht-hegemoniale Verantwortung Deutschlands. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-945878-31-6 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mackert, Jürgen T1 - Zur Bedeutung und Analyse von Grenzen in der Soziologie T2 - Grenzen im Fokus der Wissenschaften Y1 - 2016 SP - 171 EP - 196 PB - Trafo CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wyrwa, Ulrich T1 - Zum Hundertsten nichts Neues BT - Deutschsprachige Neuerscheinungen zum Ersten Weltkrieg (Teil II) BT - New German-language New Publications duringthe First World War (Part II) JF - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaft T2 - For the Hundredth nothing Y1 - 2016 SN - 0044-2828 VL - 64 SP - 683 EP - 702 PB - Metropol-Verl. CY - Berlin ER - TY - THES A1 - Köhlmann, Wiebke T1 - Zugänglichkeit virtueller Klassenzimmer für Blinde N2 - E-Learning-Anwendungen bieten Chancen für die gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Inklusion von Lernenden mit Beeinträchtigungen. Die gleichberechtigte Teilhabe von blinden Lernenden an Veranstaltungen in virtuellen Klassenzimmern ist jedoch durch den synchronen, multimedialen Charakter und den hohen Informationsumfang dieser Lösungen kaum möglich. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Zugänglichkeit virtueller Klassenzimmer für blinde Nutzende, um eine möglichst gleichberechtigte Teilhabe an synchronen, kollaborativen Lernszenarien zu ermöglichen. Im Rahmen einer Produktanalyse werden dazu virtuelle Klassenzimmer auf ihre Zugänglichkeit und bestehende Barrieren untersucht und Richtlinien für die zugängliche Gestaltung von virtuellen Klassenzimmern definiert. Anschließend wird ein alternatives Benutzungskonzept zur Darstellung und Bedienung virtueller Klassenzimmer auf einem zweidimensionalen taktilen Braille-Display entwickelt, um eine möglichst gleichberechtigte Teilhabe blinder Lernender an synchronen Lehrveranstaltungen zu ermöglichen. Nach einer ersten Evaluation mit blinden Probanden erfolgt die prototypische Umsetzung des Benutzungskonzepts für ein Open-Source-Klassenzimmer. Die abschließende Evaluation der prototypischen Umsetzung zeigt die Verbesserung der Zugänglichkeit von virtuellen Klassenzimmern für blinde Lernende unter Verwendung eines taktilen Flächendisplays und bestätigt die Wirksamkeit der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit entwickelten Konzepte. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-8325-4273-3 PB - Logos CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stillmark, Hans-Christian ED - Blaschke, Bernd ED - Duncker, Axel ED - Hofmann, Michael T1 - Zu Wieland Försters Reisetagebüchern JF - Reiseliteratur der DDR : Bestandsaufnahmen und Modellanalysen N2 - Wieland Försters Reisetagebücher sind 2000 neu publiziert worden. Der Beitrag will deren Spezifik innerhalb der Reiseliteratur der DDR herausstellen. KW - Reiseliteratur KW - DDR Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-7705-5856-8 SP - 173 EP - 184 PB - Wilhelm Fink Verlag CY - Paderborn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bösch, Frank T1 - Zeitungen als historischer Gegenstand BT - Gesellschaftsgeschichtliche Zugänge T2 - Zeitungen von gestern für das Lernen von morgen? : Historische Tagespresse im Geschichtsunterricht Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-8471-0568-8 SP - 15 EP - 30 PB - V & R unipress CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guiet, Amandine A1 - Unmüssig, Tobias A1 - Göbel, Caren A1 - Vainio, Ulla A1 - Wollgarten, Markus A1 - Driess, Matthias A1 - Schlaad, Helmut A1 - Polte, Jörg A1 - Fischer, Anna T1 - Yolk@Shell Nanoarchitectures with Bimetallic Nanocores - Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Applications JF - Earth & planetary science letters KW - AgAu alloy nanoparticles KW - tin-rich ITO KW - yolk@shell materials KW - nanoreactor KW - soft-templating KW - inverse micelles KW - polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b06595 SN - 1944-8244 VL - 8 SP - 28019 EP - 28029 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Balk, Jennifer A1 - Inan, Aylin A1 - Senneke, Marie T1 - Yasmina Reza: Der Gott des Gemetzels T2 - Politische Bildung im Theater Y1 - 2016 SP - 205 EP - 228 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kleinpeter, Erich A1 - Koch, Andreas T1 - Y-aromaticity - existing: yes or no? An answer given on the magnetic criterion (TSNMRS) JF - Tetrahedron N2 - The spatial magnetic properties (Through Space NMR Shieldings - TSNMRS) of a number of Y-shaped structures possessing 4n+2 pi-electrons (i.a. the trimethylenemethane ions TMM2+, TMM2-, the guanidinium cation, substituted and hetero analogues) have been computed, visualized as Isochemical Shielding Surfaces (ICSS) of various size and direction, were examined subject to present Y-aromaticity and the results compared with energetic and geometric criteria obtained already. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Y-aromaticity KW - pi-Electron delocalization KW - Theoretical calculations KW - ICSS KW - TSNMRS Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2016.02.020 SN - 0040-4020 VL - 72 SP - 1675 EP - 1685 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. A1 - Bekki, Kenji A1 - Girardi, Leo A1 - de Grijs, Richard A1 - Irwin, Mike J. A1 - Ivanov, Valentin D. A1 - Marconi, Marcella A1 - Oliveira, Joana M. A1 - Piatti, Andres E. A1 - Ripepi, Vincenzo A1 - van Loon, Jacco Th. T1 - XVII. Proper motions of the Small Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way globular cluster 47 Tucanae JF - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics N2 - Aims. In this study we use multi-epoch near-infrared observations from the VISTA survey of the Magellanic Cloud system (VMC) to measure the proper motions of different stellar populations in a tile of 1.5 deg2 in size in the direction of the Galactic globular cluster 47 Tuc. We obtain the proper motion of the cluster itself, of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), and of the field Milky Way stars. Methods. Stars of the three main stellar components are selected according to their spatial distributions and their distributions in colour−magnitude diagrams. Their average coordinate displacement is computed from the difference between multiple Ks-band observations for stars as faint as Ks = 19 mag. Proper motions are derived from the slope of the best-fitting line among ten VMC epochs over a time baseline of ~1 yr. Background galaxies are used to calibrate the absolute astrometric reference frame. Results. The resulting absolute proper motion of 47 Tuc is (μαcos(δ), μδ) = (+7.26 ± 0.03, −1.25 ± 0.03) mas yr-1. This measurement refers to about 35 000 sources distributed between 10′ and 60′ from the cluster centre. For the SMC we obtain (μαcos(δ), μδ) = (+1.16 ± 0.07, −0.81 ± 0.07) mas yr-1 from about 5250 red clump and red giant branch stars. The absolute proper motion of the Milky Way population in the line of sight (l = 305.9, b = −44.9) of this VISTA tile is (μαcos(δ), μδ) = (+10.22 ± 0.14, −1.27 ± 0.12) mas yr-1 and has been calculated from about 4000 sources. Systematic uncertainties associated with the astrometric reference system are 0.18 mas yr-1. Thanks to the proper motion we detect 47 Tuc stars beyond its tidal radius. KW - proper motions KW - surveys KW - Magellanic Clouds KW - globular clusters: individual: 47 Tucanae Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527004 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 586 SP - 67 EP - 75 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Toala, Jesús Alberto A1 - Oskinova, Lidia M. A1 - Gonzalez-Galan, Ana A1 - Guerrero, Martín A. A1 - Ignace, R. A1 - Pohl, Martin T1 - X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF BOW SHOCKS AROUND RUNAWAY O STARS. THE CASE OF zeta OPH AND BD+43 degrees 3654 JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics N2 - Non-thermal radiation has been predicted within bow shocks around runaway stars by recent theoretical works. We present X-ray observations toward the runaway stars zeta Oph by Chandra and Suzaku and of BD+43 degrees 3654 by XMM-Newton to search for the presence of non-thermal X-ray emission. We found no evidence of non-thermal emission spatially coincident with the bow shocks; nonetheless, diffuse emission was detected in the vicinity of zeta Oph. After a careful analysis of its spectral characteristics, we conclude that this emission has a thermal nature with a plasma temperature of T approximate to 2 x 10(6) K. The cometary shape of this emission seems to be in line with recent predictions of radiation-hydrodynamic models of runaway stars. The case of BD+43 degrees 3654 is puzzling, as non-thermal emission has been reported in a previous work for this source. KW - stars: individual (zeta Oph, BD+43 degrees 3654) KW - stars: winds, outflows Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/821/2/79 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 821 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Oskinova, Lidia M. T1 - X-ray diagnostics of massive star winds JF - Advances in space research N2 - Nearly all types of massive stars with radiatively driven stellar winds are X-ray sources that can be observed by the presently operating powerful X-ray telescopes. In this review I briefly address recent advances in our understanding of stellar winds obtained from X-ray observations. X-rays may strongly influence the dynamics of weak winds of main sequence B-type stars. X-ray pulsations were detected in a beta Cep type variable giving evidence of tight photosphere-wind connections. The winds of OB dwarfs with subtypes later than O9V may be predominantly in a hot phase, and X-ray observations offer the best window for their studies. The X-ray properties of OB super giants are largely determined by the effects of radiative transfer in their clumped stellar winds. The recently suggested method to directly measure mass-loss rates of O stars by fitting the shapes of X-ray emission lines is considered but its validity cannot be confirmed. To obtain robust quantitative information on stellar wind parameters from X-ray spectroscopy, a multiwavelength analysis by means of stellar atmosphere models is required. Independent groups are now performing such analyses with encouraging results. Joint analyses of optical, UV, and X-ray spectra of OB supergiants yield consistent mass-loss rates. Depending on the adopted clumping parameters, the empirically derived mass-loss rates are a factor of a few smaller or comparable to those predicted by standard recipes (Vink et al., 2001). All sufficiently studied O stars display variable X-ray emission that might be related to corotating interaction regions in their winds. In the latest stages of stellar evolution, single red supergiants (RSG) and luminous blue variable (LBV) stars do not emit observable amounts of X-rays. On the other hand, nearly all types of Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars are X-ray sources. X-ray spectroscopy allows a sensitive probe of WR wind abundances and opacities. (C) 2016 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Blue stars KW - Stellar winds KW - X-ray emission spectra Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.06.030 SN - 0273-1177 SN - 1879-1948 VL - 58 SP - 739 EP - 760 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kroll, Thomas A1 - Kern, Jan A1 - Kubin, Markus A1 - Ratner, Daniel A1 - Gul, Sheraz A1 - Fuller, Franklin D. A1 - Löchel, Heike A1 - Krzywinski, Jacek A1 - Lutman, Alberto A1 - Ding, Yuantao A1 - Dakovski, Georgi L. A1 - Moeller, Stefan A1 - Turner, Joshua J. A1 - Alonso-Mori, Roberto A1 - Nordlund, Dennis L. A1 - Rehanek, Jens A1 - Weniger, Christian A1 - Firsov, Alexander A1 - Brzhezinskaya, Maria A1 - Chatterjee, Ruchira A1 - Lassalle-Kaiser, Benedikt A1 - Sierra, Raymond G. A1 - Laksmono, Hartawan A1 - Hill, Ethan A1 - Borovik, Andrew S. A1 - Erko, Alexei A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Yachandra, Vittal K. A1 - Yano, Junko A1 - Wernet, Philippe A1 - Bergmann, Uwe T1 - X-ray absorption spectroscopy using a self-seeded soft X-ray free-electron laser JF - Optics express : the international electronic journal of optics N2 - X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) enable unprecedented new ways to study the electronic structure and dynamics of transition metal systems. L-edge absorption spectroscopy is a powerful technique for such studies and the feasibility of this method at XFELs for solutions and solids has been demonstrated. However, the required x-ray bandwidth is an order of magnitude narrower than that of self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE), and additional monochromatization is needed. Here we compare L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of a prototypical transition metal system based on monochromatizing the SASE radiation of the linac coherent light source (LCLS) with a new technique based on self-seeding of LCLS. We demonstrate how L-edge XAS can be performed using the self-seeding scheme without the need of an additional beam line monochromator. We show how the spectral shape and pulse energy depend on the undulator setup and how this affects the x-ray spectroscopy measurements. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.022469 SN - 1094-4087 VL - 24 SP - 22469 EP - 22480 PB - Optical Society of America CY - Washington ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Ette, Ottmar T1 - Writing-between-worlds BT - transarea studies and the literatures-without-a-fixed-abode T3 - Mimesis ; 64 Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-11-046109-1 PB - de Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marton, Klara A1 - Eichorn, Naomi A1 - Campanelli, Luca A1 - Zakarias, Lilla T1 - Working Memory and Interference Control in Children with Specific Language Impairment JF - Language and linguistics compass N2 - Language and communication disorders are often associated with deficits in working memory (WM) and interference control. WM studies involving children with specific language impairment (SLI) have traditionally been framed using either resource theories or decay accounts, particularly Baddeley's model. Although significant interference problems in children with SLI are apparent in error analysis data from WM and language tasks, interference theories and paradigms have not been widely used in the SLI literature. A primary goal of the present paper is to provide an overview of interference deficits in children with SLI. Review of the extant literature on interference control shows deficits in this population; however, the source and the nature of the deficit remain unclear. Thus, a second key aim in our review is to demonstrate the need for theoretically driven experimental paradigms in order to better understand individual variations associated with interference weaknesses in children with SLI. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12189 SN - 1749-818X VL - 10 SP - 211 EP - 224 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Linden, Michael A1 - Joebges, Michael T1 - Work-Anxiety and Sickness Absence After a Short Inpatient Cognitive Behavioral Group Intervention in Comparison to a Recreational Group Meeting JF - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine N2 - Objective: The aim of this study was to study the effects of a short-term cognitive behavior therapy on work-anxiety and sickness-absence in patients with work-anxiety. Methods: Three-hundred forty-five inpatients who suffered from cardiologic, neurological, or orthopedic problems and additionally work-anxiety were randomly assigned into two different group interventions. Patients got four sessions of a group intervention, which either focused on cognitive behavior-therapy anxiety-management (work-anxiety coping group, WAG) or unspecific recreational activities (RG). Results: No differences were found between WAG and RG for work-anxiety and subjective work ability. When looking at patients who were suffering only from work-anxiety, and no additional mental disorder, the duration of sickness absence until 6 months follow-up was shorter in the WAG (WAG: 11 weeks, RG: 16 weeks, P = 0.050). Conclusion: A shortterm WAG may help return to work in patients with work-anxieties, as long as there is no comorbid mental disorder. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000678 SN - 1076-2752 SN - 1536-5948 VL - 58 SP - 398 EP - 406 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shenar, Tomer A1 - Hainich, Rainer A1 - Todt, Helge Tobias A1 - Sander, Andreas Alexander Christoph A1 - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer A1 - Moffat, Anthony F. J. A1 - Eldridge, J. J. A1 - Pablo, H. A1 - Oskinova, Lidia M. A1 - Richardson, N. D. T1 - Wolf-Rayet stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud II. Analysis of the binaries JF - American mineralogist : an international journal of earth and planetary materials N2 - Context. Massive Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars are evolved massive stars (M-i greater than or similar to 20 M-circle dot) characterized by strong mass-loss. Hypothetically, they can form either as single stars or as mass donors in close binaries. About 40% of all known WR stars are confirmed binaries, raising the question as to the impact of binarity on the WR population. Studying WR binaries is crucial in this context, and furthermore enable one to reliably derive the elusive masses of their components, making them indispensable for the study of massive stars. Aims. By performing a spectral analysis of all multiple WR systems in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), we obtain the full set of stellar parameters for each individual component. Mass-luminosity relations are tested, and the importance of the binary evolution channel is assessed. Methods. The spectral analysis is performed with the PotsdamWolf-Rayet (PoWR) model atmosphere code by superimposing model spectra that correspond to each component. Evolutionary channels are constrained using the Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis (BPASS) evolution tool. Results. Significant hydrogen mass fractions (0.1 < X-H < 0.4) are detected in all WN components. A comparison with mass-luminosity relations and evolutionary tracks implies that the majority of the WR stars in our sample are not chemically homogeneous. The WR component in the binary AB6 is found to be very luminous (log L approximate to 6.3 [L-circle dot]) given its orbital mass (approximate to 10 M-circle dot), presumably because of observational contamination by a third component. Evolutionary paths derived for our objects suggest that Roche lobe overflow had occurred in most systems, affecting their evolution. However, the implied initial masses (greater than or similar to 60 M-circle dot) are large enough for the primaries to have entered the WR phase, regardless of binary interaction. Conclusions. Together with the results for the putatively single SMC WR stars, our study suggests that the binary evolution channel does not dominate the formation of WR stars at SMC metallicity. KW - stars: massive KW - stars: Wolf-Rayet KW - stars: evolution KW - binaries: close KW - binaries: symbiotic KW - Magellanic Clouds Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527916 SN - 1432-0746 VL - 591 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - THES A1 - von Diest, Johann Heinrich Walther T1 - Wirtschaftspolitik und Lobbyismus im 18. Jahrhundert BT - eine quellenbasierte Neubewertung der wechselseitigen Einflussnahme von Obrigkeiten und Wirtschaft in Brandenburg-Preußen und Kurhannover T2 - Herrschaft und soziale Systeme in der Frühen Neuzeit ; 23 N2 - Der Autor wertet das Verwaltungsschriftgut in Brandenburg-Preußen und Kurhannover aus dem 18. Jahrhundert wissenschaftlich und in Teilen erstmalig aus. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf den vielen Akteuren, denn die Wirtschaftspolitik im 18. Jahrhundert ging im Wesentlichen von Beschwerden und Bitten der Untertanen aus. Wirtschaftspolitische Maßnahmen wie Fabrikgründungen, Monopole, Privilegien, Ein- und Ausfuhrverbote oder Zölle wurden im Wechselspiel von der Verwaltung mit den jeweils Betroffenen ausgehandelt. Von Diest stellt dabei die in der Forschung bisher weitverbreitete wirtschaftspolitische Theorie des Merkantilismus, nach der alle Wirtschaftskraft eines Staates auf einen zentral vom Monarchen vorgegebenen Plan ausgerichtet war, auf die Probe. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-8471-0603-6 PB - V & R unipress CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pinyou, Piyanut A1 - Ruff, Adrian A1 - Poeller, Sascha A1 - Alsaoub, Sabine A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Wollenberger, Ursula A1 - Schuhmann, Wolfgang T1 - Wiring of the aldehyde oxidoreductase PaoABC to electrode surfaces via entrapment in low potential phenothiazine-modified redox polymers JF - Bioelectrochemistry : an international journal devoted to electrochemical aspects of biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry ; official journal of the Bioelectrochemical Society N2 - Phenothiazine-modified redox hydrogels were synthesized and used for the wiring of the aldehyde oxidoreductase PaoABC to electrode surfaces. The effects of the pH value and electrode surface modification on the biocatalytic activity of the layers were studied in the presence of vanillin as the substrate. The enzyme electrodes were successfully employed as bioanodes in vanillin/O-2 biofuel cells in combination with a high potential bilirubin oxidase biocathode. Open circuit voltages of around 700 mV could be obtained in a two compartment biofuel cell setup. Moreover, the use of a rather hydrophobic polymer with a high degree of crosslinking sites ensures the formation of stable polymer/enzyme films which were successfully used as bioanode in membrane-less biofuel cells. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Aldehyde oxidoreductase KW - Enzyme electrode KW - Redox polymer KW - Phenothiazine KW - Biosensor KW - Biofuel cell Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.12.005 SN - 1567-5394 SN - 1878-562X VL - 109 SP - 24 EP - 30 PB - Elsevier CY - Lausanne ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Köhn, Mathias A1 - Reinhardt, Cindy A1 - Schmidt, Henrike T1 - William Shakespeare: Der Sturm T2 - Politische Bildung im Theater Y1 - 2016 SP - 17 EP - 45 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Borck, Rainald T1 - Will skyscrapers save the planet? Building height limits and urban greenhouse gas emissions JF - Regional science and urban economics N2 - This paper studies the effectiveness of building height limits as a policy to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It shows that building height limits lead to urban sprawl and higher emissions from commuting. On the other hand, aggregate housing consumption may decrease, which reduces emissions from residential energy use. A numerical model is used to evaluate whether total GHG emissions may be lower under building height restrictions. Welfare is not concave in the strictness of building height limits, so either no limit or a very strict one (depending on the strength of the externality) might maximize welfare. The paper discusses several extensions, such as congestion, endogenous transport mode choice, migration, and urban heat island effect. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved KW - Greenhouse gas emissions KW - City structure KW - Building height limits Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2016.01.004 SN - 0166-0462 SN - 1879-2308 VL - 58 SP - 13 EP - 25 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Petersen, Jens T1 - Wilhelm von Humboldts Rechtsphilosophie N2 - Wilhelm von Humboldts Rechtsphilosophie ist bei weitem nicht so bekannt wie seine Sprachphilosophie oder gar seine Rolle als Bildungsreformer. Der Autor untersucht zu diesem Zweck Humboldts "Ideen zu einem Versuch, die Grenzen der Wirksamkeit des Staates zu bestimmen. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-11-046632-4 PB - de Gruyter CY - Berlin ET - 3. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Estrany, Joan A1 - López-Tarazón, José Andrés A1 - Smith, Hugh G. T1 - WILDFIRE EFFECTS ON SUSPENDED SEDIMENT DELIVERY QUANTIFIED USING FALLOUT RADIONUCLIDE TRACERS IN A MEDITERRANEAN CATCHMENT JF - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics N2 - Over short and long timescales, wildfires can be an important cause of hydrological and geomorphological change. Mediterranean rivers are part of a fire-prone and high-energy environment in which the timing of major storms in relation to fire influences the impact on fluvial systems; accordingly, the identification of major sources, stores and fluxes of sediments is essential for providing more effective post-fire management strategies. In this study, caesium-137 and excess lead-210 were used as tracers to quantify the proportional contributions of fine sediment from hillslope surface and channel bank sources to suspended sediment and channel bed deposits before the impact of a forest wildfire in Na Borges, a Mediterranean groundwater-dominated river. It also compared burnt and unburnt spatial sources of sediment within a single catchment and the extent to which burnt material was transported downstream. The study focused on two small and steep sub-catchments, where just one of the catchments was partially affected by a wildfire. The pre-fire dynamics indicated that surface soils were the main sediment source in these ephemeral creeks. Post-fire sediment dynamics were characterised by a single flood event with a short recurrence interval (i.e. return period ca. <1 year). Sediment generated from the burnt area contributed 12% on average to bed-stored sediments within the burnt catchment, which reduced downstream to 5% along the main channel of the Na Borges River. The findings demonstrate the potential for using fallout radionuclide tracers to understand the wider impacts of wildfires on fluvial environments located outside of the burn area. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. KW - wildfire KW - sediment delivery processes KW - sediment source fingerprinting KW - fallout radionuclides KW - Mediterranean fluvial systems Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2462 SN - 1085-3278 SN - 1099-145X VL - 27 SP - 1501 EP - 1512 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - THES A1 - Zacke, Birgit T1 - Wie Tristan sich einmal in eine Wildnis verirrte BT - Bild-Text-Beziehungen im ’Brüsseler Tristan’ T2 - Philologische Studien und Quellen ; 254 Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-503-16652-7 PB - Schmidt CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meiling, Till T. A1 - Cywinski, Piotr J. A1 - Bald, Ilko T1 - White carbon: Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with tunable quantum yield in a reproducible green synthesis JF - Scientific reports N2 - In this study, a new reliable, economic, and environmentally-friendly one-step synthesis is established to obtain carbon nanodots (CNDs) with well-defined and reproducible photoluminescence (PL) properties via the microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment of starch and Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE) buffer as carbon sources. Three kinds of CNDs are prepared using different sets of above mentioned starting materials. The as-synthesized CNDs: C-CND (starch only), N-CND 1 (starch in TAE) and N-CND 2 (TAE only) exhibit highly homogenous PL and are ready to use without need for further purification. The CNDs are stable over a long period of time (> 1 year) either in solution or as freeze-dried powder. Depending on starting material, CNDs with PL quantum yield (PLQY) ranging from less than 1% up to 28% are obtained. The influence of the precursor concentration, reaction time and type of additives on the optical properties (UV-Vis absorption, PL emission spectrum and PLQY) is carefully investigated, providing insight into the chemical processes that occur during CND formation. Remarkably, upon freeze-drying the initially brown CND-solution turns into a non-fluorescent white/slightly brown powder which recovers PL in aqueous solution and can potentially be applied as fluorescent marker in bio-imaging, as a reduction agent or as a photocatalyst. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28557 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meiling, Till Thomas A1 - Cywiński, Piotr J. A1 - Bald, Ilko T1 - White carbon: Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with tunable quantum yield in a reproducible green synthesis JF - Scientific reports N2 - In this study, a new reliable, economic, and environmentally-friendly one-step synthesis is established to obtain carbon nanodots (CNDs) with well-defined and reproducible photoluminescence (PL) properties via the microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment of starch and Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE) buffer as carbon sources. Three kinds of CNDs are prepared using different sets of above mentioned starting materials. The as-synthesized CNDs: C-CND (starch only), N-CND 1 (starch in TAE) and N-CND 2 (TAE only) exhibit highly homogenous PL and are ready to use without need for further purification. The CNDs are stable over a long period of time (>1 year) either in solution or as freeze-dried powder. Depending on starting material, CNDs with PL quantum yield (PLQY) ranging from less than 1% up to 28% are obtained. The influence of the precursor concentration, reaction time and type of additives on the optical properties (UV-Vis absorption, PL emission spectrum and PLQY) is carefully investigated, providing insight into the chemical processes that occur during CND formation. Remarkably, upon freeze-drying the initially brown CND-solution turns into a non-fluorescent white/slightly brown powder which recovers PL in aqueous solution and can potentially be applied as fluorescent marker in bio-imaging, as a reduction agent or as a photocatalyst. KW - Fluorescence spectroscopy KW - Nanoparticles KW - Synthesis and processing Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28557 VL - 6 PB - Nature Publishing Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, A. -K. A1 - van Schaik, L. A1 - Zangerle, A. A1 - Eccard, Jana A1 - Schroeder, B. T1 - Which abiotic filters shape earthworm distribution patterns at the catchment scale? JF - European journal of soil science N2 - Earthworms affect various soil ecosystem processes in their role as ecosystem engineers. The spatial distribution of earthworms determines the spatial distribution of their functional effects. In particular, earthworm-induced macropore networks may act as preferential flow pathways. In this research we aimed to determine earthworm distributions at the catchment scale with species distribution models (SDMs). We used land-use types, temporally invariant topography-related variables and plot-scale soil characteristics such as pH and organic matter content. We used data from spring 2013 to estimate probability distributions of the occurrence of ten earthworm species. To assess the robustness of these models, we tested temporal transferability by evaluating the accuracy of predictions from the models derived for the spring data with the predictions from data of two other field surveys in autumn 2012 and 2013. In addition, we compared the performance of SDMs based (i) on temporally varying plot-scale predictor variables with (ii) those based on temporally invariant catchment-scale predictors. Models based on catchment-scale predictors, especially land use and slope, experience a small loss of predictive performance only compared with plot-scale SDMs but have greater temporal transferability. Earthworm distribution maps derived from this kind of SDM are a prerequisite for understanding the spatial distribution patterns of functional effects related to earthworms. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.12346 SN - 1351-0754 SN - 1365-2389 VL - 67 SP - 431 EP - 442 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nicenboim, Bruno A1 - Logacev, Pavel A1 - Gattei, Carolina A1 - Vasishth, Shravan T1 - When High-Capacity Readers Slow Down and Low-Capacity Readers Speed Up BT - Working Memory and Locality Effects JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - We examined the effects of argument-head distance in SVO and SOV languages (Spanish and German), while taking into account readers' working memory capacity and controlling for expectation (Levy, 2008) and other factors. We predicted only locality effects, that is, a slowdown produced by increased dependency distance (Gibson, 2000; Lewis and Vasishth, 2005). Furthermore, we expected stronger locality effects for readers with low working memory capacity. Contrary to our predictions, low-capacity readers showed faster reading with increased distance, while high-capacity readers showed locality effects. We suggest that while the locality effects are compatible with memory-based explanations, the speedup of low-capacity readers can be explained by an increased probability of retrieval failure. We present a computational model based on ACT-R built under the previous assumptions, which is able to give a qualitative account for the present data and can be tested in future research. Our results suggest that in some cases, interpreting longer RTs as indexing increased processing difficulty and shorter RTs as facilitation may be too simplistic: The same increase in processing difficulty may lead to slowdowns in high-capacity readers and speedups in low-capacity ones. Ignoring individual level capacity differences when investigating locality effects may lead to misleading conclusions. KW - locality KW - working memory capacity KW - individual differences KW - Spanish KW - German KW - ACT-R Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00280 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 SP - 1 EP - 24 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sievers, Steven A1 - Rawel, Harshadrai Manilal A1 - Ringel, Karl Peter A1 - Niggemann, Bodo A1 - Beyer, Kirsten T1 - Wheat protein recognition pattern in tolerant and allergic children JF - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology N2 - BackgroundWheat is one of the most common food allergens in early childhood. In contrast to other food allergies, wheat-specific IgE correlates badly with clinical symptoms and relevant components have been identified mostly for wheat-depended exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Moreover, a high percentage of patients present with immediate type symptoms but wheat-specific IgE cannot be detected with commercial available systems. ObjectiveWe addressed the question whether the IgE recognition pattern between wheat allergic (WA) and clinically tolerant (WT) children differs in order to identify individual proteins useful for component-resolved diagnostics. MethodsSera of 106 children with suspected wheat allergy, of whom 44 children had clinical relevant wheat allergy and 62 were tolerant upon oral food challenge, were analyzed for wheat-specific IgE using the ImmunoCap system as well as immunoblots against water and salt soluble, and water-insoluble protein fractions. 40 randomly selected sera were analyzed for specific IgE to 5-gliadin. ResultsSixty-three percent of the WT and 86% of the WA children were sensitized to wheat with >0.35 kU(A)/l in ImmunoCAP analysis. We could confirm the role of -, ss-, -, and -gliadins, and LMW glutenin subunits as major allergens and found also IgE binding to a broad spectrum of water- and salt-soluble protein bands. It is of great importance that wheat allergic and tolerant patients showed IgE binding to the same protein bands. WT and WA did not significantly differ in levels of 5-gliadin-specific IgE. Conclusions & Clinical RelevanceChildren with challenge proven clinical relevant food allergy and tolerant ones had a similar spectrum of IgE binding to the same protein bands. These findings imply that component-resolved diagnostics might not be helpful in the diagnostic work-up of wheat allergy. KW - wheat KW - IgE KW - 5-gliadin KW - protein pattern KW - immunoblot Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.12502 SN - 0905-6157 SN - 1399-3038 VL - 27 SP - 147 EP - 155 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Al-Ani, Ayad T1 - What is the Role for Civil Society, State Institutions, Entrepreneurs and Non State Actors After the Arab Spring? JF - Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4172/2223-5833.1000241 SN - 2223-5833 VL - 6 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khadem, S. M. J. A1 - Hille, Carsten A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd A1 - Sokolov, Igor M. T1 - What information is contained in the fluorescence correlation spectroscopy curves, and where JF - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.94.022407 SN - 2470-0045 SN - 2470-0053 VL - 94 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lehmann, Andreas A1 - Scheffler, Christiane T1 - What does the mean menarcheal age mean?An analysis of temporal pattern in variability in a historical swiss population from the 19th and 20th centuries JF - American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council N2 - ObjectivesAge at menarche is one of the most important factors when observing growth and development. The aim of this study was to assess the temporal pattern in variability of menarcheal age for a historic Swiss population from the 19th and 20th centuries. ResultsMean menarcheal age declined from 17.34 years (n=358) around 1830 to 13.80 years (n=141) around 1950. Within-cohort variance decreased from 7.5 to 2.1 year(2). Skewness was negatively correlated with birth year (r=-0.58). ConclusionThis study provided evidence for a secular trend in various statistical parameters for age at menarche since the 19th century. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of temporal pattern in variability revealed that the secular trend in menarcheal age happened in two phases. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:705-713, 2016. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.22854 SN - 1042-0533 SN - 1520-6300 VL - 28 SP - 705 EP - 713 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hiltl, Stephanie A1 - Böker, Alexander T1 - Wetting Phenomena on (Gradient) Wrinkle Substrates JF - Langmuir N2 - We characterize the wetting behavior of nano structured wrinkle and gradient wrinkle substrates. Different contact angles on both sides of a water droplet after deposition on a gradient sample induce the self-propelled motion of the liquid toward smaller wrinkle dimensions. The droplet motion is self-limited by the contact angles balancing out. Because of the correlation between droplet motion and contact angles, we investigate the wetting behavior of wrinkle substrates with constant dimensions (wavelengths of 400-1200 nm). Contact angles of water droplets on those substrates increase with increasing dimensions of the underlying substrate. The results are independent of the two measurement directions, parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nanostructure. The presented findings may be considered for designing microfluidic or related devices and initiate ideas for the development of further wrinkle applications. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02364 SN - 0743-7463 VL - 32 SP - 8882 EP - 8888 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Lettl, Tobias T1 - Wettbewerbsrecht T3 - Grundrisse des Rechts N2 - Das Wettbewerbsrecht ist vor allem im Gesetz gegen den unlauteren Wettbewerb (UWG) geregelt, das den Begriff der "Lauterkeit" zur Feststellung der Zulässigkeit eines Geschäftsgebahrens verwendet. Das Rechtsgebiet wird daher in Abgrenzung zum europäischen Wettbewerbsrecht, das kartellrechtliche Fragen betrifft, auch als Lauterkeitsrecht bezeichnet. Von besonderer Bedeutung sind die Vorgaben der europäischen Richtlinie über unlautere Geschäftspraktiken (2005/29/EG), die es bei der Auslegung des UWG stets zu beachten gilt. Diese Richtlinie hat bereits 2008 zu einer Novellierung des UWG geführt. Zur weiteren klarstellenden Richtlinienumsetzung steht derzeit eine grundlegende Novellierung des UWG bevor. Das Wettbewerbsrecht ist Gegenstand des Schwerpunktbereichsstudiums. Da sich die Materie vor allem aufgrund europäischer Einflüsse im ständigen Wandel befindet, ist das Bedürfnis an einem aktuellen, aber zugleich konsequent auf Studienbedürfnisse zugeschnittenen Lehrbuch groß. Der Grundriss stellt das aktuelle Wettbewerbsrecht studiengerecht mit vielen Übersichten, Schemata, Beispielen und einer Übungsklausur mit Lösung dar. Vorteile auf einen Blick - kompakte Darstellung des geltenden Rechts - mit vielen Einstiegsfällen und Beispielen - vom Autor des Parallelwerks Kartellrecht in der Grundriss-Reihe Zielgruppe Für Studierende und alle, die sich auf einfache Weise in das Wettbewerbsrecht einarbeiten wollen. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-406-68461-6 PB - Beck CY - München ET - 3. neu bearb. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kleger, Heinz T1 - Welche EU nach dem Brexit? JF - WeltTrends : das außenpolitische Journal [24 (2016), 118] Y1 - 2016 VL - 24 IS - 118 SP - 4 EP - 7 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jendrzyca, Anna A1 - Warschburger, Petra T1 - Weight stigma and eating behaviours in elementary school children: A prospective population-based study JF - Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking N2 - The relevance of weight stigma as an important factor in disordered eating has been supported by research. However, because most of the studies were cross-sectional and focussed on older children, the causal relationships could not be fully determined in childhood. The current study explores the role of weight stigma in body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours. The sample consisted of 773 girls and 713 boys, aged 6–11 years, who completed surveys assessing weight stigma experiences, body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours at two points of measurement, approximately one year apart. The children's external and disordered eating was rated via parental questionnaires. As expected, the pattern of the associations between weight status, weight stigma, body dissatisfaction and eating behaviours differed by gender. Experience of weight stigma in girls led to external and restrained eating one year later, whereas in boys no such association was observed. Body dissatisfaction mediated the association between weight stigma and restrained eating behaviours in girls, whereas in boys, body dissatisfaction directly influenced restrained eating behaviours. However, in both girls and boys weight status predicted body dissatisfaction and disordered eating, while weight stigma did not have a direct effect on disordered eating. Results suggest that interventions involving weight stigma should be a part of eating disorder prevention programmes, and gender-specific pathways should be considered. KW - Weight stigma KW - Disordered eating behaviours KW - Body dissatisfaction KW - Childhood KW - Prospective study Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.005 SN - 0195-6663 SN - 1095-8304 VL - 102 SP - 51 EP - 59 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ullrich, Andre A1 - Vladova, Gergana T1 - Weighing the Pros and Cons of Engaging in Open Innovation JF - Technology Innovation Management Review N2 - The positive aspects of open innovation projects are widely discussed in innovation management research and practice by means of case studies and best practices. However, enterprises, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) also face miscellaneous challenges in open innovation practice, leading to uncertainty and even renunciation of open innovation project participation. Thus, it is essential for SMEs to find the right balance between possible positive effects and negative consequences - the latter being the less studied "dark sides" of open innovation. However, appropriate methods of finding this balance are still lacking. In this article, we discuss the assessment of open innovation project participation by presenting a weighing and decision process framework as a conceivable solution approach. The framework includes an internal, external, and integrated analysis as well as a recommendation and decision phase. Piece by piece, we investigate the current situation and the innovation goals of the enterprise as an initial point for a decision for or against engaging in open innovation. Furthermore, we discuss the development of a software tool that automatically applies this framework and allows self-assessment by SMEs. KW - open innovation KW - open innovation participation KW - self-assessment tool KW - risks KW - benefits KW - entrepreneurship KW - SMEs Y1 - 2016 SN - 1927-0321 VL - 8 SP - 34 EP - 40 PB - Carleton University Graphic Services CY - Ottawa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menne, Ulrich T1 - Weakly Differentiable Functions on Varifolds JF - Indiana University mathematics journal N2 - The present paper is intended to provide the basis for the study of weakly differentiable functions on rectifiable varifolds with locally bounded first variation. The concept proposed here is defined by means of integration-by-parts identities for certain compositions with smooth functions. In this class, the idea of zero boundary values is realised using the relative perimeter of superlevel sets. Results include a variety of Sobolev Poincare-type embeddings, embeddings into spaces of continuous and sometimes Holder-continuous functions, and point wise differentiability results both of approximate and integral type as well as coarea formulae. As a prerequisite for this study, decomposition properties of such varifolds and a relative isoperimetric inequality are established. Both involve a concept of distributional boundary of a set introduced for this purpose. As applications, the finiteness of the geodesic distance associated with varifolds with suitable summability of the mean curvature and a characterisation of curvature varifolds are obtained. KW - Rectifiable varifold KW - (generalised) wealdy differentiable function KW - distributional boundary KW - decomposition KW - relative isoperimetric inequality KW - Sobolev Poincare inequality KW - approximate differentiability KW - coarea formula KW - geodesic distance KW - curvature varifold Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1512/iumj.2016.65.5829 SN - 0022-2518 SN - 1943-5258 VL - 65 SP - 977 EP - 1088 PB - Indiana University, Department of Mathematics CY - Bloomington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mehner, T. A1 - Attermeyer, Katrin A1 - Brauns, Mario A1 - Brothers, Soren M. A1 - Diekmann, J. A1 - Gaedke, Ursula A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Koehler, J. A1 - Lischke, Betty A1 - Meyer, N. A1 - Scharnweber, Inga Kristin A1 - Syvaranta, J. A1 - Vanni, M. J. A1 - Hilt, S. T1 - Weak Response of Animal Allochthony and Production to Enhanced Supply of Terrestrial Leaf Litter in Nutrient-Rich Lakes JF - Ecosystems N2 - Ecosystems are generally linked via fluxes of nutrients and energy across their boundaries. For example, freshwater ecosystems in temperate regions may receive significant inputs of terrestrially derived carbon via autumnal leaf litter. This terrestrial particulate organic carbon (POC) is hypothesized to subsidize animal production in lakes, but direct evidence is still lacking. We divided two small eutrophic lakes each into two sections and added isotopically distinct maize litter to the treatment sections to simulate increased terrestrial POC inputs via leaf litter in autumn. We quantified the reliance of aquatic consumers on terrestrial resources (allochthony) in the year subsequent to POC additions by applying mixing models of stable isotopes. We also estimated lake-wide carbon (C) balances to calculate the C flow to the production of the major aquatic consumer groups: benthic macroinvertebrates, crustacean zooplankton, and fish. The sum of secondary production of crustaceans and benthic macroinvertebrates supported by terrestrial POC was higher in the treatment sections of both lakes. In contrast, total secondary and tertiary production (supported by both autochthonous and allochthonous C) was higher in the reference than in the treatment sections of both lakes. Average aquatic consumer allochthony per lake section was 27-40%, although terrestrial POC contributed less than about 10% to total organic C supply to the lakes. The production of aquatic consumers incorporated less than 5% of the total organic C supply in both lakes, indicating a low ecological efficiency. We suggest that the consumption of terrestrial POC by aquatic consumers facilitates a strong coupling with the terrestrial environment. However, the high autochthonous production and the large pool of autochthonous detritus in these nutrient-rich lakes make terrestrial POC quantitatively unimportant for the C flows within food webs. KW - stable isotopes KW - terrestrial subsidy KW - carbon budget KW - ecological efficiency KW - benthic food web KW - pelagic food web Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-015-9933-2 SN - 1432-9840 SN - 1435-0629 VL - 19 SP - 311 EP - 325 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Burkhard A1 - Lorenz, Ulf T1 - WavePacket BT - a Matlab package for numerical quantum dynamics. I: Closed quantum systems and discrete variable representations JF - Computer physics communications : an international journal devoted to computational physics and computer programs in physics N2 - WavePacket is an open-source program package for the numerical simulation of quantum-mechanical dynamics. It can be used to solve time-independent or time-dependent linear Schrödinger and Liouville–von Neumann-equations in one or more dimensions. Also coupled equations can be treated, which allows to simulate molecular quantum dynamics beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Optionally accounting for the interaction with external electric fields within the semiclassical dipole approximation, WavePacket can be used to simulate experiments involving tailored light pulses in photo-induced physics or chemistry. The graphical capabilities allow visualization of quantum dynamics ‘on the fly’, including Wigner phase space representations. Being easy to use and highly versatile, WavePacket is well suited for the teaching of quantum mechanics as well as for research projects in atomic, molecular and optical physics or in physical or theoretical chemistry. The present Part I deals with the description of closed quantum systems in terms of Schrödinger equations. The emphasis is on discrete variable representations for spatial discretization as well as various techniques for temporal discretization. The upcoming Part II will focus on open quantum systems and dimension reduction; it also describes the codes for optimal control of quantum dynamics. The present work introduces the MATLAB version of WavePacket 5.2.1 which is hosted at the Sourceforge platform, where extensive Wiki-documentation as well as worked-out demonstration examples can be found. KW - Schrodinger equation KW - Quantum dynamics KW - Numerical propagation KW - Bound states KW - Discrete variable representation KW - Non-adiabatic transitions Y1 - 0207 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2016.12.007 SN - 0010-4655 SN - 1879-2944 VL - 213 SP - 223 EP - 234 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Agarwal, Ankit A1 - Maheswaran, Rathinasamy A1 - Kurths, Jürgen A1 - Khosa, R. T1 - Wavelet Spectrum and Self-Organizing Maps-Based Approach for Hydrologic Regionalization -a Case Study in the Western United States JF - Water Resources Management N2 - Hydrologic regionalization deals with the investigation of homogeneity in watersheds and provides a classification of watersheds for regional analysis. The classification thus obtained can be used as a basis for mapping data from gauged to ungauged sites and can improve extreme event prediction. This paper proposes a wavelet power spectrum (WPS) coupled with the self-organizing map method for clustering hydrologic catchments. The application of this technique is implemented for gauged catchments. As a test case study, monthly streamflow records observed at 117 selected catchments throughout the western United States from 1951 through 2002. Further, based on WPS of each station, catchments are classified into homogeneous clusters, which provides a representative WPS pattern for the streamflow stations in each cluster. KW - Wavelet power spectrum KW - Regionalization KW - Ungauged catchments KW - K-means technique KW - Self-organizing map Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-016-1428-1 SN - 0920-4741 SN - 1573-1650 VL - 30 SP - 4399 EP - 4413 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shprits, Yuri A1 - Drozdov, Alexander A1 - Spasojevic, Maria A1 - Kellerman, Adam C. A1 - Usanova, Maria E. A1 - Engebretson, Mark J. A1 - Agapitov, Oleksiy V. A1 - Zhelavskaya, Irina A1 - Raita, Tero J. A1 - Spence, Harlan E. A1 - Baker, Daniel N. A1 - Zhu, Hui A1 - Aseev, Nikita T1 - Wave-induced loss of ultra-relativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts JF - Nature Communications Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12883 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 7 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Taubert, Andreas A1 - Balischewski, Christian A1 - Hentrich, Doreen A1 - Elschner, Thomas A1 - Eidner, Sascha A1 - Günter, Christina A1 - Behrens, Karsten A1 - Heinze, Thomas T1 - Water-Soluble Cellulose Derivatives Are Sustainable Additives for Biomimetic Calcium Phosphate Mineralization JF - Inorganics : open access journal N2 - The effect of cellulose-based polyelectrolytes on biomimetic calcium phosphate mineralization is described. Three cellulose derivatives, a polyanion, a polycation, and a polyzwitterion were used as additives. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopy show that, depending on the composition of the starting solution, hydroxyapatite or brushite precipitates form. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy also show that significant amounts of nitrate ions are incorporated in the precipitates. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy shows that the Ca/P ratio varies throughout the samples and resembles that of other bioinspired calcium phosphate hybrid materials. Elemental analysis shows that the carbon (i.e., polymer) contents reach 10% in some samples, clearly illustrating the formation of a true hybrid material. Overall, the data indicate that a higher polymer concentration in the reaction mixture favors the formation of polymer-enriched materials, while lower polymer concentrations or high precursor concentrations favor the formation of products that are closely related to the control samples precipitated in the absence of polymer. The results thus highlight the potential of (water-soluble) cellulose derivatives for the synthesis and design of bioinspired and bio-based hybrid materials. KW - cellulose KW - polyamine KW - polyammonium salt KW - polycarboxylate KW - polyzwitterion KW - calcium phosphate KW - biomineralization KW - brushite KW - hydroyxapatite KW - biomaterial Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics4040033 SN - 2304-6740 VL - 4 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Singh, Alka A1 - Seitz, Florian A1 - Eicker, Annette A1 - Güntner, Andreas T1 - Water Budget Analysis within the Surrounding of Prominent Lakes and Reservoirs from Multi-Sensor Earth Observation Data and Hydrological Models: Case Studies of the Aral Sea and Lake Mead JF - Remote sensing N2 - The hydrological budget of a region is determined based on the horizontal and vertical water fluxes acting in both inward and outward directions. These integrated water fluxes vary, altering the total water storage and consequently the gravitational force of the region. The time-dependent gravitational field can be observed through the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravimetric satellite mission, provided that the mass variation is above the sensitivity of GRACE. This study evaluates mass changes in prominent reservoir regions through three independent approaches viz. fluxes, storages, and gravity, by combining remote sensing products, in-situ data and hydrological model outputs using WaterGAP Global Hydrological Model (WGHM) and Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). The results show that the dynamics revealed by the GRACE signal can be better explored by a hybrid method, which combines remote sensing-based reservoir volume estimates with hydrological model outputs, than by exclusive model-based storage estimates. For the given arid/ semi-arid regions, GLDAS based storage estimations perform better than WGHM. KW - GRACE KW - water budget KW - reservoir KW - water fluxes KW - GLDAS KW - WGHM KW - Aral Sea KW - Lake Mead Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110953 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 8 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reppert, Alexander von A1 - Sarhan, Radwan Mohamed A1 - Stete, Felix A1 - Pudell, Jan-Etienne A1 - Del Fatti, N. A1 - Crut, A. A1 - Koetz, Joachim A1 - Liebig, Ferenc A1 - Prietzel, Claudia Christina A1 - Bargheer, Matias T1 - Watching the Vibration and Cooling of Ultrathin Gold Nanotriangles by Ultrafast X-ray Diffraction JF - The journal of physical chemistry : C, Nanomaterials and interfaces N2 - We study the vibrations of ultrathin gold nanotriangles upon optical excitation of the electron gas by ultrafast X-ray diffraction. We quantitatively measure the strain evolution in these highly asymmetric nano-objects, providing a direct estimation of the amplitude and phase of the excited vibrational motion. The maximal strain value is well reproduced by calculations addressing pump absorption by the nanotriangles and their resulting thermal expansion. The amplitude and phase of the out-of-plane vibration mode with 3.6 ps period dominating the observed oscillations are related to two distinct excitation mechanisms. Electronic and phonon pressures impose stresses with different time dependences. The nanosecond relaxation of the expansion yields a direct temperature sensing of the nano-object. The presence of a thin organic molecular layer at the nanotriangle/substrate interfaces drastically reduces the thermal conductance to the substrate. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b11651 SN - 1932-7447 VL - 120 SP - 28894 EP - 28899 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER -