TY - JOUR A1 - Glaw, Frank A1 - Kohler, Jorn A1 - Hawlitschek, Oliver A1 - Ratsoavina, Fanomezana M. A1 - Rakotoarison, Andolalao A1 - Scherz, Mark D. A1 - Vences, Miguel T1 - Extreme miniaturization of a new amniote vertebrate and insights into the evolution of genital size in chameleons JF - Scientific reports N2 - Evolutionary reduction of adult body size (miniaturization) has profound consequences for organismal biology and is an important subject of evolutionary research. Based on two individuals we describe a new, extremely miniaturized chameleon, which may be the world's smallest reptile species. The male holotype of Brookesia nana sp. nov. has a snout-vent length of 13.5 mm (total length 21.6 mm) and has large, apparently fully developed hemipenes, making it apparently the smallest mature male amniote ever recorded. The female paratype measures 19.2 mm snout-vent length (total length 28.9 mm) and a micro-CT scan revealed developing eggs in the body cavity, likewise indicating sexual maturity. The new chameleon is only known from a degraded montane rainforest in northern Madagascar and might be threatened by extinction. Molecular phylogenetic analyses place it as sister to B. karchei, the largest species in the clade of miniaturized Brookesia species, for which we resurrect Evoluticauda Angel, 1942 as subgenus name. The genetic divergence of B. nana sp. nov. is rather strong (9.914.9% to all other Evoluticauda species in the 16S rRNA gene). A comparative study of genital length in Malagasy chameleons revealed a tendency for the smallest chameleons to have the relatively largest hemipenes, which might be a consequence of a reversed sexual size dimorphism with males substantially smaller than females in the smallest species. The miniaturized males may need larger hemipenes to enable a better mechanical fit with female genitals during copulation. Comprehensive studies of female genitalia are needed to test this hypothesis and to better understand the evolution of genitalia in reptiles. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80955-1 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 11 IS - 1 PB - SPringer Nature CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wicaksono, Wisnu Adi A1 - Egamberdieva, Dilfuza A1 - Berg, Christian A1 - Mora, Maximilian A1 - Kusstatscher, Peter A1 - Cernava, Tomislav A1 - Berg, Gabriele T1 - Function-based rhizosphere assembly along a gradient of desiccation in the former Aral Sea JF - mSystems N2 - The desiccation of the Aral Sea represents one of the largest human-made environmental regional disasters. The salt- and toxin-enriched dried-out basin provides a natural laboratory for studying ecosystem functioning and rhizosphere assembly under extreme anthropogenic conditions. Here, we investigated the prokaryotic rhizosphere communities of the native pioneer plant Suaeda acuminata (C.A.Mey.) Moq. in comparison to bulk soil across a gradient of desiccation (5, 10, and 40 years) by metagenome and amplicon sequencing combined with quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyses. The rhizosphere effect was evident due to significantly higher bacterial abundances but less diversity in the rhizosphere compared to bulk soil. Interestingly, in the highest salinity (5 years of desiccation), rhizosphere functions were mainly provided by archaeal communities. Along the desiccation gradient, we observed a significant change in the rhizosphere microbiota, which was reflected by (i) a decreasing archaeon-bacterium ratio, (ii) replacement of halophilic archaea by specific plant-associated bacteria, i.e., Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and (iii) an adaptation of specific, potentially plant-beneficial biosynthetic pathways. In general, both bacteria and archaea were found to be involved in carbon cycling and fixation, as well as methane and nitrogen metabolism. Analysis of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) showed specific signatures for production of osmoprotectants, assimilatory nitrate reduction, and transport system induction. Our results provide evidence that rhizosphere assembly by cofiltering specific taxa with distinct traits is a mechanism which allows plants to thrive under extreme conditions. Overall, our findings highlight a function-based rhizosphere assembly, the importance of plant-microbe interactions in salinated soils, and their exploitation potential for ecosystem restoration approaches.IMPORTANCE The desertification of the Aral Sea basin in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan represents one of the most serious anthropogenic environmental disasters of the last century. Since the 1960s, the world's fourth-largest inland body of water has been constantly shrinking, which has resulted in an extreme increase of salinity accompanied by accumulation of many hazardous and carcinogenic substances, as well as heavy metals, in the dried-out basin. Here, we investigated bacterial and archaeal communities in the rhizosphere of pioneer plants by combining classic molecular methods with amplicon sequencing as well as metagenomics for functional insights. By implementing a desiccation gradient, we observed (i) remarkable differences in the archaeon-bacterium ratio of plant rhizosphere samples, (ii) replacement of archaeal indicator taxa during succession, and (iii) the presence of specific, potentially plant-beneficial biosynthetic pathways in archaea present during the early stages. In addition, our results provide hitherto-undescribed insights into the functional redundancy between plant-associated archaea and bacteria. The desertification of the Aral Sea basin in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan represents one of the most serious anthropogenic environmental disasters of the last century. Since the 1960s, the world's fourth-largest inland body of water has been constantly shrinking, which has resulted in an extreme increase of salinity accompanied by accumulation of many hazardous and carcinogenic substances, as well as heavy metals, in the dried-out basin. KW - Aral Sea KW - microbiome KW - desiccation KW - nutrient cycling KW - soil microorganisms KW - revegetation KW - archaea KW - bacteria KW - metagenome Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00739-22 SN - 2379-5077 VL - 7 IS - 6 PB - American Society for Microbiology CY - Washington, DC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Obermann, Anne A1 - Sanchez-Pastor, Pilar A1 - Wu, Sin-Mei A1 - Wollin, Christopher A1 - Baird, Alan F. A1 - Isken, Marius Paul A1 - Clinton, John A1 - Goertz-Allmann, Bettina P. A1 - Dahm, Torsten A1 - Wüstefeld, Andreas A1 - Shi, Peidong A1 - Lanza, Federica A1 - Gyger, Lea A1 - Wetter, Selina A1 - Hjorleifsdottir, Vala A1 - Langet, Nadege A1 - Brynjarsson, Baldur A1 - Jousset, Philippe A1 - Wiemer, Stefan T1 - Combined large-N seismic arrays and DAS fiber optic cables across the Hengill geothermal field, Iceland JF - Seismological research letters N2 - From June to August 2021, we deployed a dense seismic nodal network across the Hengill geothermal area in southwest Iceland to image and characterize faults and high-temperature zones at high resolution. The nodal network comprised 498 geophone nodes spread across the northern Nesjavellir and southern Hverahlio geothermal fields and was complemented by an existing permanent and temporary backbone seismic network of a total of 44 short-period and broadband stations. In addition, we recorded distributed acoustic sensing data along two fiber optic telecommunication cables near the Nesjavellir geothermal power plant with commercial interrogators. During the time of deployment, a vibroseis survey took place around the Nesjavellir power plant. Here, we describe the network and the recorded datasets. Furthermore, we showsome initial results that indicate a high data quality and highlight the potential of the seismic records for various follow up studies, such as high-resolution event location to delineate faults and body- and surface-wave tomographies to image the subsurface velocity structure in great detail. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1785/0220220073 SN - 0895-0695 SN - 1938-2057 VL - 93 IS - 5 SP - 2498 EP - 2514 PB - Seismological Society of America CY - Boulder, Colo. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vyse, Stuart A. A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Pfalz, Gregor A1 - Pestryakova, Lyudmila A. A1 - Diekmann, Bernhard A1 - Nowaczyk, Norbert A1 - Biskaborn, Boris K. T1 - Sediment and carbon accumulation in a glacial lake in Chukotka (Arctic Siberia) during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene BT - combining hydroacoustic profiling and down-core analyses JF - Biogeosciences N2 - Lakes act as important sinks for inorganic and organic sediment components. However, investigations of sedimentary carbon budgets within glacial lakes are currently absent from Arctic Siberia. The aim of this paper is to provide the first reconstruction of accumulation rates, sediment and carbon budgets from a lacustrine sediment core from Lake Rauchuagytgyn, Chukotka (Arctic Siberia). We combined multiple sediment biogeochemical and sedimentological parameters from a radiocarbon-dated 6.5m sediment core with lake basin hydroacoustic data to derive sediment stratigraphy, sediment volumes and infill budgets. Our results distinguished three principal sediment and carbon accumulation regimes that could be identified across all measured environmental proxies including early Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS2) (ca. 29-23.4 ka cal BP), mid-MIS2-early MIS1 (ca. 23.4-11.69 ka cal BP) and the Holocene (ca. 11.69-present). Estimated organic carbon accumulation rates (OCARs) were higher within Holocene sediments (average 3.53 gOCm(-2) a(-1)) than Pleistocene sediments (average 1.08 gOCm(-2) a(-1)) and are similar to those calculated for boreal lakes from Quebec and Finland and Lake Baikal but significantly lower than Siberian thermokarst lakes and Alberta glacial lakes. Using a bootstrapping approach, we estimated the total organic carbon pool to be 0.26 +/- 0.02 Mt and a total sediment pool of 25.7 +/- 1.71 Mt within a hydroacoustically derived sediment volume of ca. 32 990 557m(3). The total organic carbon pool is substantially smaller than Alaskan yedoma, thermokarst lake sediments and Alberta glacial lakes but shares similarities with Finnish boreal lakes. Temporal variability in sediment and carbon accumulation dynamics at Lake Rauchuagytgyn is controlled predominantly by palaeoclimate variation that regulates lake ice-cover dynamics and catchment glacial, fluvial and permafrost processes through time. These processes, in turn, affect catchment and within-lake primary productivity as well as catchment soil development. Spatial differences compared to other lake systems at a trans-regional scale likely relate to the high-latitude, mountainous location of Lake Rauchuagytgyn. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4791-2021 SN - 1726-4170 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 18 IS - 16 SP - 4791 EP - 4816 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alemanno, Giulia A1 - D'Amore, Maddalena A1 - Maturilli, Alessandro A1 - Helbert, Joern A1 - Arnold, Gabriele A1 - Korablev, Oleg A1 - Ignatiev, Nikolay A1 - Grigoriev, Alexei A1 - Shakun, Alexey A1 - Trokhimovskiy, Alexander T1 - Martian atmospheric spectral end-members retrieval from ExoMars Thermal Infrared (TIRVIM) data JF - JGR / Planets N2 - Key knowledge about planetary composition can be recovered from the study of thermal infrared spectral range datasets. This range has a huge diagnostic potential because it contains diagnostic absorptions from a planetary surface and atmosphere. The main goal of this study is to process and interpret the dataset from the Thermal Infrared channel (TIRVIM) which is part of the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite of the ExoMars2016 Trace Gas Orbiter mission to find and characterize dust and water ice clouds in the atmosphere. The method employed here is based on the application of principal component analysis and target transformation techniques to extract the independent variable components present in the analyzed dataset. Spectral shapes of both atmospheric dust and water ice aerosols have been recovered from the analysis of TIRVIM data. The comparison between our results with those previously obtained on Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) data and with previous analysis on TIRVIM data, validates the methodology here applied, showing that it allows to correctly recover the atmospheric spectral endmembers present in the TIRVIM data. Moreover, comparison with atmospheric retrievals on PFS, TES and IRIS data, allowed us to assess the temporal stability and homogeneity of dust and water ice components in the Martian atmosphere over a time period of almost 50 years. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JE007429 SN - 2169-9097 SN - 2169-9100 VL - 127 IS - 9 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sedaghatmehr, Mastoureh A1 - Stüwe, Benno A1 - Müller-Röber, Bernd A1 - Balazadeh, Salma T1 - Heat shock factor HSFA2 fine-tunes resetting of thermomemory via plastidic metalloprotease FtsH6 JF - Journal of experimental botany N2 - The transcription factor HSFA2 fine-tunes a balance between prolongation and resetting of thermomemory in Arabidopsis via the regulation of both memory-supporting and memory-resetting genes. Plants 'memorize' stressful events and protect themselves from future, often more severe, stresses. To maximize growth after stress, plants 'reset' or 'forget' memories of stressful situations, which requires an intricate balance between stress memory formation and the degree of forgetfulness. HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 21 (HSP21) encodes a small heat shock protein in plastids of Arabidopsis thaliana. HSP21 functions as a key component of thermomemory, which requires a sustained elevated level of HSP21 during recovery from heat stress. A heat-induced metalloprotease, filamentation temperature-sensitive H6 (FtsH6), degrades HSP21 to its pre-stress abundance, thereby resetting memory during the recovery phase. The transcription factor heat shock factor A2 (HSFA2) activates downstream genes essential for mounting thermomemory, acting as a positive regulator in the process. Here, using a yeast one-hybrid screen, we identify HSFA2 as an upstream transactivator of the resetting element FtsH6. Constitutive and inducible overexpression of HSFA2 increases expression of FtsH6, whereas it is drastically reduced in the hsfa2 knockout mutant. Chromatin immunoprecipitation reveals in planta binding of HSFA2 to the FtsH6 promoter. Importantly, overexpression of HSFA2 improves thermomemory more profoundly in ftsh6 than wild-type plants. Thus, by activating both memory-supporting and memory-resetting genes, HSFA2 acts as a cellular homeostasis factor during thermomemory. KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - FtsH6 KW - heat stress KW - HSFA2 KW - HSP21 KW - thermomemory; KW - thermorecovery Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erac257 SN - 0022-0957 SN - 1460-2431 VL - 73 IS - 18 SP - 6394 EP - 6404 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schachner, Maja K. A1 - Schwarzenthal, Miriam A1 - Moffitt, Ursula A1 - Civitillo, Sauro A1 - Juang, Linda T1 - Capturing a nuanced picture of classroom cultural diversity climate BT - multigroup and multilevel analyses among secondary school students in Germany JF - Contemporary educational psychology N2 - As cultural diversity is increasing around the globe, a more nuanced understanding of the cultural diversity climate in classroom settings is needed, including how its different aspects relate to student outcomes. We developed the Classroom Cultural Diversity Climate Scale (CCDCS), integrating theory and research from social psychology and multicultural education and including novel facets like polyculturalism, which has not been studied in the school context before. We then studied associations with intergroup relations, socio-emotional adjustment, and school achievement among students of immigrant and non-immigrant background at the individual and classroom levels. The scale includes six subscales in the two broad dimensions of equality and inclusion: contact and cooperation, (un)equal treatment, and color-evasion, and cultural pluralism: heritage and intercultural learning, critical consciousness, and polyculturalism. Using data from 1,335 secondary school students in Germany (Mage = 14.7; 51% male; 51% immigrant background), the scale demonstrated measurement invariance by immigrant background, gender, and school track, and reliability at individual and classroom levels. A more positive diversity climate, with better intercultural relations (equality and inclusion) and more opportunities to learn about cultural diversity (cultural pluralism), was associated with more positive student outcomes. Interestingly, polyculturalism was not associated with negative effects observed for other facets of cultural pluralism. Relations for different climate aspects also varied by outcome and students' immigrant background. This underscores the importance of a nuanced perspective when evaluating different approaches to cultural diversity in context. KW - classroom cultural diversity climate KW - diverse schools KW - multigroup KW - analyses KW - multilevel analyses KW - adolescents Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2021.101971 SN - 0361-476X SN - 1090-2384 VL - 65 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jeitler, Michael A1 - Roth, Sandra A1 - Steckhan, Nico A1 - Meier, Larissa A1 - Koppold-Liebscher, Daniela A. A1 - Kandil, Farid A1 - Ostermann, Thomas A1 - Stange, Rainer A1 - Kessler, Christian S. A1 - Brinkhaus, Benno A1 - Michalsen, Andreas T1 - Therapeutic phlebotomy in patients with grade 1 hypertension: a randomized-controlled trial JF - Journal of integrative and complementary medicine N2 - Aim: Study aim was to investigate the effects of therapeutic phlebotomy on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with grade 1 hypertension. Methods: In this randomized-controlled intervention study, patients with unmedicated hypertension grade 1 were randomized into an intervention group (phlebotomy group; 500 mL bloodletting at baseline and after 6 weeks) and a control group (waiting list) and followed up for 8 weeks. Primary endpoint was the 24-h ambulatory mean arterial pressure between the intervention and control groups after 8 weeks. Secondary outcome parameters included ambulatory/resting systolic/diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and selected laboratory parameters (e.g., hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, and ferritin). Resting systolic/diastolic blood pressure/heart rate and blood count were also assessed at 6 weeks before the second phlebotomy to ensure safety. A per-protocol analysis was performed. Results: Fifty-three hypertension participants (56.7 +/- 10.5 years) were included in the analysis (n = 25 intervention group, n = 28 control group). The ambulatory measured mean arterial pressure decreased by -1.12 +/- 5.16mmHg in the intervention group and increased by 0.43 +/- 3.82mmHg in the control group (between-group difference: -1.55 +/- 4.46, p = 0.22). Hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, and ferritin showed more pronounced reductions in the intervention group in comparison with the control group, with significant between-group differences. Subgroup analysis showed trends regarding the effects on different groups classified by serum ferritin concentration, body mass index, age, and sex. Two adverse events (AEs) (anemia and dizziness) occurred in association with the phlebotomy, but no serious AEs. Conclusions: Study results showed that therapeutic phlebotomy resulted in only minimal reductions of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurement values in patients with unmedicated grade 1 hypertension. Further high-quality clinical studies are warranted, as this finding contradicts the results of other studies. KW - hypertension KW - phlebotomy KW - bloodletting KW - complementary medicine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/jicm.2021.0396 SN - 2768-3605 SN - 2768-3613 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 530 EP - 539 PB - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers CY - New Rochelle, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huelscher, Julian A1 - Sobel, Edward R. A1 - Verwater, Vincent A1 - Gross, Philip A1 - Chew, David A1 - Bernhardt, Anne T1 - Detrital apatite geochemistry and thermochronology from the Oligocene/Miocene Alpine foreland record the early exhumation of the Tauern Window JF - Basin research N2 - The early exhumation history of the Tauern Window in the European Eastern Alps and its surface expression is poorly dated and quantified, partly because thermochronological and provenance information are sparse from the Upper Austrian Northern Alpine Foreland Basin. For the first time, we combine a single-grain double-dating approach (Apatite Fission Track and U-Pb dating) with trace-element geochemistry analysis on the same apatites to reconstruct the provenance and exhumation history of the late Oligocene/early Miocene Eastern Alps. The results from 22 samples from the Chattian to Burdigalian sedimentary infill of the Upper Austrian Northern Alpine Foreland Basin were integrated with a 3D seismic-reflection data set and published stratigraphic reports. Our highly discriminative data set indicates an increasing proportion of apatites (from 6% to 23%) with Sr/Y values <0.1 up-section and an increasing amount of apatites (from 24% to 38%) containing >1,000 ppm light rare-earth elements from Chattian to Burdigalian time. The number of U-Pb ages with acceptable uncertainties increases from 40% to 59% up-section, with mostly late Variscan/Permian ages, while an increasing number of grains (10%-27%) have Eocene or younger apatite fission track cooling ages. The changes in the apatite trace-element geochemistry and U-Pb data mirror increased sediment input from an >= upper amphibolite-facies metamorphic source of late Variscan/Permian age - probably the otztal-Bundschuh nappe system - accompanied by increasing exhumation rates indicated by decreasing apatite fission track lag times. We attribute these changes to the surface response to upright folding and doming in the Penninic units of the future Tauern Window starting at 29-27 Ma. This early period of exhumation (0.3-0.6 mm/a) is triggered by early Adriatic indentation along the Giudicarie Fault System. KW - detrital apatite fission track analysis KW - detrital apatite trace-element KW - geochemistry KW - Molasse Basin KW - Northern Alpine Foreland Basin KW - Tauern KW - Window Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12593 SN - 0950-091X SN - 1365-2117 VL - 33 IS - 6 SP - 3021 EP - 3044 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - THES A1 - Hodapp, Alice T1 - Error-based learning in predictive language processing at the level of meaning T1 - Fehlerbasiertes lernen in prädiktiver Sprachverarbeitung auf semantischer Ebene N2 - Prediction is often regarded as a central and domain-general aspect of cognition. This proposal extends to language, where predictive processing might enable the comprehension of rapidly unfolding input by anticipating upcoming words or their semantic features. To make these predictions, the brain needs to form a representation of the predictive patterns in the environment. Predictive processing theories suggest a continuous learning process that is driven by prediction errors, but much is still to be learned about this mechanism in language comprehension. This thesis therefore combined three electroencephalography (EEG) experiments to explore the relationship between prediction and implicit learning at the level of meaning. Results from Study 1 support the assumption that the brain constantly infers und updates probabilistic representations of the semantic context, potentially across multiple levels of complexity. N400 and P600 brain potentials could be predicted by semantic surprise based on a probabilistic estimate of previous exposure and a more complex probability representation, respectively. Subsequent work investigated the influence of prediction errors on the update of semantic predictions during sentence comprehension. In line with error-based learning, unexpected sentence continuations in Study 2 ¬– characterized by large N400 amplitudes ¬– were associated with increased implicit memory compared to expected continuations. Further, Study 3 indicates that prediction errors not only strengthen the representation of the unexpected word, but also update specific predictions made from the respective sentence context. The study additionally provides initial evidence that the amount of unpredicted information as reflected in N400 amplitudes drives this update of predictions, irrespective of the strength of the original incorrect prediction. Together, these results support a central assumption of predictive processing theories: A probabilistic predictive representation at the level of meaning that is updated by prediction errors. They further propose the N400 ERP component as a possible learning signal. The results also emphasize the need for further research regarding the role of the late positive ERP components in error-based learning. The continuous error-based adaptation described in this thesis allows the brain to improve its predictive representation with the aim to make better predictions in the future. N2 - Prädiktive Verarbeitung wird häufig als zentraler und domänenübergreifender Aspekt der Kognition betrachtet. Diese Idee bezieht sich auch auf Sprachverarbeitung, wo die Antizipation kommender Wörter oder ihrer semantischen Merkmale die Verarbeitung von sich schnell entfaltendem Sprachinput ermöglichen könnte. Um solche Vorhersagen treffen zu können, muss das Gehirn eine Repräsentation der prädiktiven Muster in der Umgebung aufbauen. Theorien zur prädiktiven Verarbeitung gehen von einem kontinuierlichen Lernprozess aus, welcher durch Vorhersagefehler angetrieben wird. Dennoch bleiben noch viele Fragen über diesen Mechanismus der Sprachverarbeitung offen. In dieser Arbeit wurden daher drei Elektroenzephalographie (EEG) Experimente kombiniert, um die Beziehung zwischen Vorhersage und implizitem Lernen auf semantischer Ebene zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse aus Studie 1 unterstützen die Annahme, dass das Gehirn kontinuierlich probabilistische Repräsentationen des semantischen Kontexts ableitet und aktualisiert, möglicherweise über mehrere Komplexitätsebenen hinweg. N400- und P600-Gehirnpotenziale konnten durch überraschende Information in Bezug auf eine probabilistische Schätzung vorhergesagt werden, welche entweder auf bisheriger Exposition oder einer komplexeren Wahrscheinlichkeitsrepräsentation basierte. In einer weiteren Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von Vorhersagefehlern auf die Aktualisierung semantischer Vorhersagen während der Satzverarbeitung untersucht. In Übereinstimmung mit der Idee des fehlerbasierten Lernens waren unerwartete Satzfortsetzungen in Studie 2 - gekennzeichnet durch große N400-Amplituden - durch erhöhtes impliziten Gedächtnis im Vergleich zu erwarteten Fortsetzungen gekennzeichnet. Darüber hinaus zeigte Studie 3, dass Vorhersagefehler nicht nur die Repräsentation des unerwarteten Wortes stärken, sondern auch zukünftige Vorhersagen aus dem jeweiligen Satzkontext aktualisieren. Die Studie liefert zudem erste Belege dafür, dass die Menge an nicht vorhergesagter Information, die sich auch in den N400-Amplituden widerspiegelt, die beschriebene Aktualisierung der Vorhersagen vorantreibt, unabhängig von der Stärke der ursprünglichen (widerlegten) Vorhersage. Zusammengenommen unterstützen diese Ergebnisse eine zentrale Annahme der Theorien zur prädiktiven Verarbeitung: Eine probabilistische prädiktive Repräsentation auf semantischer Ebene, die durch Vorhersagefehler aktualisiert wird. Außerdem stützen sie die Theorie der N400-ERP-Komponente als ein mögliches Lernsignal. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen auch die Notwendigkeit weiterer Forschung hinsichtlich der Rolle der späten positiven ERP-Komponenten beim fehlerbasierten Lernen. Das in dieser Arbeit beschriebene kontinuierliche fehlerbasierte Lernen ermöglicht dem Gehirn, seine prädiktive Repräsentation zu verbessern, mit dem Ziel in Zukunft bessere Vorhersagen zu treffen. KW - electroencephalography KW - N400 KW - P600 KW - implicit memory KW - learning KW - language processing KW - prediction KW - Elektroenzephalographie KW - N400 KW - P600 KW - implizites Gedächtnis KW - Lernen KW - Sprachverarbeitung KW - Vorhersage Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-657179 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - Die Torah ist nicht im Himmel BT - Annäherungen an jüdische Identitat(en) T2 - Jüdische Familien aus Arnstadt und Plaue : Katalog zur Sonderausstellung im Schlossmuseum Arnstadt 2. Mai bis 14. November 2021 Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-945294-41-3 SP - 13 EP - 19 PB - Eckhaus Verlag CY - Weimar ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - Jüdische Musik T2 - Handbuch jüdische Studien Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-412-52137-0 SN - 978-3-412-52140-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7788/9783412521400.477 SP - 477 EP - 490 PB - Böhlau Verlag CY - Wien, Köln ET - 2. erweiterte und überarbeitete ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - "Treu in allen seinen Taten" : Hermann Ehrlich (1815-1879) BT - ein Kantor und Lehrer im Zeitalter der jüdischen Emanzipation T2 - Jüdische Familien aus Arnstadt und Plaue : Katalog zur Sonderausstellung im Schlossmuseum Arnstadt 2. Mai bis 14. November 2021 Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-945294-41-3 SP - 149 EP - 176 PB - Eckhaus Verlag CY - Weimar ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - From St. Petersburg to Vienna BT - the New Jewish School in Music (1908–1938) as Part of the Jewish cultural renaissance T3 - Jüdische Musik - Studien und Quellen zur jüdischen Musikkultur N2 - The history of the so-called “New Jewish School” in music began in 1908 in St. Petersburg with the founding of the Society for Jewish Folk Music by students from the St. Petersburg Conservatory. The end of this movement came with the invasion of Austria by Nazi Germany in 1938, and the dissolution of the Vienna Society for the Promotion of Jewish Music later that year. The fascinating and dramatic history of the New Jewish School is the subject of this monograph, which summarizes the author’s years of intensive international archival research. While many other national schools of music – such as the Russian, Czech or Hungarian – were able to develop freely and establish themselves in a favorable cultural environment, the Jewish school was violently suppressed. The reconstruction of its historical development in Russia and, after 1917, increasingly in other Eastern and Central European countries was first presented in German in 2004 and has since served as the basis for rediscovery of the valuable, highly original repertoire of New Jewish School composers. For this English-language publication, the entire book has been thoroughly revised and richly supplemented with extensive additional texts and materials. Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-447-11105-8 VL - 17 PB - Harrassowitz CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - Zwischen Bach und Klezmer BT - die Familie Mendelssohn und das jüdische Musikleben in Berlin der 1830er Jahre T2 - Die preußische Hofjuweliersfamilie Ephraim : Geschichte und Geschichten aus dem jüdischen Berlin des 18. bis 20. Jahrhunderts Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-00-076096-9 SP - 336 EP - 357 PB - Ephraim Veitel Stiftung CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - Wir wollen aus dem Leben von Juden ein jüdisches Leben machen BT - Musik der jüdischen Jugendbewegung T2 - Die jüdische Jugendbewegung Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-95565-467-2 SP - 34 EP - 51 PB - Hentrich & Hentrich CY - Leipzig ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - Aleksandr Veprik (1899–1958) BT - Komponist, Pädagoge, Gulag-Häftling BT - композитор, педагог, узник ГУЛАГа T2 - Komponisten im Gulag der Stalinzeit T2 - Композиторы в ГУЛАГе в годы правления Сталина T2 - Александр Веприк (1899–1958) Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-487-16694-0 SN - 978-3-487-42490-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783487424903-305 VL - 2 SP - 305 EP - 332 PB - Olms Verlag CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - Jakob Schönberg and Jewish Art Music in Southern Germany T2 - Jüdische Musik im süddeutschen Raum T2 - Mapping jewish music of Southern Germany Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-96233-273-0 SN - 978-3-96233-275-4 SN - 978-3-96233-274-7 VL - 16 SP - 61 EP - 78 PB - Allitera Verlag CY - München ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nemtsov, Jascha T1 - Jewish music and totalitarianism in the post-stalinist Soviet Union T2 - The Oxford handbook of Jewish music studies N2 - The years 1953 through the 1970s in the Soviet Union have been called the era of the “Jews of silence.” And yet through various types of musical activities, certain parts of the Jewish population in the USSR were able to maintain a collective cultural identity in the public sphere. Captured as a musical community, this collectivity also extended to non-Jewish composers, musicians, and audiences. As such it thematicized, performed, represented, and received Jewishness, through Yiddish theater and songs, art music, and popular music. Concerts and works conceived for the Soviet stages demonstrate that Jewishness mattered, with music taking on new symbolism and becoming imbued with new meaning. This chapter focuses on the presence (and absence) of Jewish music in the public sphere, specifically in the concert hall and other stages in the post-Stalinist Soviet Union. KW - totalitarianism KW - post-Stalinism KW - Yiddish song KW - Yiddish theater KW - art music KW - Holocaust KW - popular music KW - Soviet Union Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-0-19-752865-5 SN - 978-0-19-752862-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197528624.013.12 SP - 309 EP - 335 PB - Oxford University Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Jialin A1 - Su, Yingna A1 - Liu, Rui A1 - Kliem, Bernhard A1 - Zhang, Qingmin A1 - Ji, Haisheng A1 - Liu, Tie T1 - Partial eruption, confinement, and twist buildup and release of a double-decker filament JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics. N2 - We investigate the failed partial eruption of a filament system in NOAA AR 12104 on 2014 July 5, using multiwavelength EUV, magnetogram, and H alpha observations, as well as magnetic field modeling. The filament system consists of two almost co-spatial segments with different end points, both resembling a C shape. Following an ejection and a precursor flare related to flux cancellation, only the upper segment rises and then displays a prominent twisted structure, while rolling over toward its footpoints. The lower segment remains undisturbed, indicating that the system possesses a double-decker structure. The erupted segment ends up with a reverse-C shape, with material draining toward its footpoints, while losing its twist. Using the flux rope insertion method, we construct a model of the source region that qualitatively reproduces key elements of the observed evolution. At the eruption onset, the model consists of a flux rope atop a flux bundle with negligible twist, which is consistent with the observational interpretation that the filament possesses a double-decker structure. The flux rope reaches the critical height of the torus instability during its initial relaxation, while the lower flux bundle remains in stable equilibrium. The eruption terminates when the flux rope reaches a dome-shaped quasi-separatrix layer that is reminiscent of a magnetic fan surface, although no magnetic null is found. The flux rope is destroyed by reconnection with the confining overlying flux above the dome, transferring its twist in the process. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac2ba1 SN - 0004-637X SN - 1538-4357 VL - 923 IS - 2 PB - Institute of Physics Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Silverii, Francesca A1 - Maccaferri, Francesco A1 - Richter, Gudrun A1 - Gonzalez Cansado, Borja A1 - Wang, Rongjiang A1 - Hainzl, Sebastian A1 - Dahm, Torsten T1 - Poroelastic model in a vertically sealed gas storage BT - a case study from cyclic injection/production in a carbonate aquifer JF - Geophysical journal international / the Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society N2 - Natural gas can be temporarily stored in a variety of underground facilities, such as depleted gas and oil fields, natural aquifers and caverns in salt rocks. Being extensively monitored during operations, these systems provide a favourable opportunity to investigate how pressure varies in time and space and possibly induces/triggers earthquakes on nearby faults. Elaborate and detailed numerical modelling techniques are often applied to study gas reservoirs. Here we show the possibilities and discuss the limitations of a flexible and easily formulated tool that can be straightforwardly applied to simulate temporal pore-pressure variations and study the relation with recorded microseismic events. We use the software POEL (POroELastic diffusion and deformation) which computes the poroelastic response to fluid injection/extraction in a horizontally layered poroelastic structure. We further develop its application to address the presence of vertical impermeable faults bounding the reservoir and of multiple injection/extraction sources. Exploiting available information on the reservoir geometry and physical parameters, and records of injection/extraction rates for a gas reservoir in southern Europe, we perform an extensive parametric study considering different model configurations. Comparing modelled spatiotemporal pore-pressure variations with in situ measurements, we show that the inclusion of vertical impermeable faults provides an improvement in reproducing the observations and results in pore-pressure accumulation near the faults and in a variation of the temporal pore-pressure diffusion pattern. To study the relation between gas storage activity and recorded local microseismicity, we applied different seismicity models based on the estimated porepressure distribution. This analysis helps to understand the spatial distribution of seismicity and its temporal modulation. The results show that the observed microseismicity could be partly linked to the storage activity, but the contribution of tectonic background seismicity cannot be excluded. KW - Permeability and porosity KW - Gas and hydrate systems KW - Europe KW - Induced KW - seismicity Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab268 SN - 0956-540X SN - 1365-246X VL - 227 IS - 2 SP - 1322 EP - 1338 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Demske, Ulrike T1 - Variation Across Newspapers in Early Modern German BT - Degrees of Syntactic Complexity JF - Journal of Historical Syntax (Special issue: Cross-disciplinary approaches to linguistic variation in Early Modern West Germanic) N2 - The administrative language used in imperial and city chanceries illustrates formal language use in the Early Modern period, as most evident in its syntactic complexity. Since administrative language was considered prestigious by the literate people of the time, the syntactic features in question are increasingly found in other text types as well (Lötscher 1995, Schwitalla 2002). The present paper investigates early newspapers published in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries to evalute their degree of syntactic complexity and hence the extent of formal language used. Contrary to common belief (Admoni 1980, von Polenz 2013), it will be shown that early newspapers do not allow a uniform assessment in terms of their syntactic complexity, when they emerge as a new genre in the seventeenth century: some news segments display a fairly simple syntax, whereas others are of high syntactic complexity. By the end of the eighteenth century, the growing conventionalization of the new genre as well as the impact of standardization processes render newspapers much more balanced in terms of syntactic complexity. Unlike previous work on the syntactic complexity of newspaper language, the measurement of syntactic complexity takes into account not only sentence length and the relationship between independent and dependent clauses, but also the placement of adverbial clauses in relation to their associated clause. KW - variation KW - syntactic complexity KW - adverbial clauses KW - register Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18148/hs/2022.v6i13-18.136 SN - 2163-6001 VL - 6 SP - 1 EP - 36 PB - University of Konstanz CY - Konstanz ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Büyükakpınar, Pınar A1 - Cesca, Simone A1 - Hainzl, Sebastian A1 - Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza A1 - Heimann, Sebastian A1 - Dahm, Torsten T1 - Reservoir-triggered earthquakes around the Atatürk Dam (Southeastern Turkey) JF - Frontiers in Earth Science N2 - Reservoir-triggered seismicity has been observed near dams during construction, impoundment, and cyclic filling in many parts of the earth. In Turkey, the number of dams has increased substantially over the last decade, with Ataturk Dam being the largest dam in Turkey with a total water capacity of 48.7 billion m(3). After the construction of the dam, the monitoring network has improved. Considering earthquakes above the long-term completeness magnitude of M-C = 3.5, the local seismicity rate has substantially increased after the filling of the reservoir. Recently, two damaging earthquakes of M-w 5.5 and M-w 5.1 occurred in the town of Samsat near the Ataturk Reservoir in 2017 and 2018, respectively. In this study, we analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of seismicity and its source properties in relation to the temporal water-level variations and the stresses resulting from surface loading and pore-pressure diffusion. We find that water-level and seismicity rate are anti-correlated, which is explained by the stabilization effect of the gravitational induced stress imposed by water loading on the local faults. On the other hand, we find that the overall effective stress in the seismogenic zone increased over decades due to pore-pressure diffusion, explaining the enhanced background seismicity during recent years. Additionally, we observe a progressive decrease of the Gutenberg-Richter b-value. Our results indicate that the stressing rate finally focused on the region where the two damaging earthquakes occurred in 2017 and 2018. KW - reservoir-triggered seismicity KW - earthquake source parameters KW - stress-change KW - seismic hazard KW - Ataturk Dam Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.663385 SN - 2296-6463 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gostkowska-Lekner, Natalia A1 - Kojda, Sandrino Danny A1 - Hoffmann, Jan-Ekkehard A1 - May, Manfred A1 - Huber, Patrick A1 - Habicht, Klaus A1 - Hofmann, Tommy T1 - Synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrids based on the conjugated polymer P3HT and mesoporous silicon JF - Microporous and mesoporous materials : zeolites, clays, carbons and related materials N2 - Organic-inorganic hybrids are a class of functional materials that combine favorable properties of their constituents to achieve an overall improved performance for a wide range of applications. This article presents the synthesis route for P3HT-porous silicon hybrids for thermoelectric applications. The conjugated polymer P3HT is incorporated into the porous silicon matrix by means of melt infiltration. Gravimetry, sorption isotherms and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping indicate that the organic molecules occupy more than 50% of the void space in the inorganic host. We demonstrate that subsequent diffusion-based doping of the confined polymer in a FeCl3 solution increases the electrical conductivity of the hybrid by five orders of magnitude compared to the empty porous silicon host. KW - Mesoporous silicon KW - P3HT KW - Organic-inorganic hybrid KW - Melt infiltration Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2022.112155 SN - 1387-1811 SN - 1873-3093 VL - 343 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartsch, Annett A1 - Pointner, Georg A1 - Nitze, Ingmar A1 - Efimova, Aleksandra A1 - Jakober, Dan A1 - Ley, Sarah A1 - Högström, Elin A1 - Grosse, Guido A1 - Schweitzer, Peter T1 - Expanding infrastructure and growing anthropogenic impacts along Arctic coasts JF - Environmental research letters : ERL / Institute of Physics N2 - The accelerating climatic changes and new infrastructure development across the Arctic require more robust risk and environmental assessment, but thus far there is no consistent record of human impact. We provide a first panarctic satellite-based record of expanding infrastructure and anthropogenic impacts along all permafrost affected coasts (100 km buffer, approximate to 6.2 Mio km(2)), named the Sentinel-1/2 derived Arctic Coastal Human Impact (SACHI) dataset. The completeness and thematic content goes beyond traditional satellite based approaches as well as other publicly accessible data sources. Three classes are considered: linear transport infrastructure (roads and railways), buildings, and other impacted area. C-band synthetic aperture radar and multi-spectral information (2016-2020) is exploited within a machine learning framework (gradient boosting machines and deep learning) and combined for retrieval with 10 m nominal resolution. In total, an area of 1243 km(2) constitutes human-built infrastructure as of 2016-2020. Depending on region, SACHI contains 8%-48% more information (human presence) than in OpenStreetMap. 221 (78%) more settlements are identified than in a recently published dataset for this region. 47% is not covered in a global night-time light dataset from 2016. At least 15% (180 km(2)) correspond to new or increased detectable human impact since 2000 according to a Landsat-based normalized difference vegetation index trend comparison within the analysis extent. Most of the expanded presence occurred in Russia, but also some in Canada and US. 31% and 5% of impacted area associated predominantly with oil/gas and mining industry respectively has appeared after 2000. 55% of the identified human impacted area will be shifting to above 0 C-circle ground temperature at two meter depth by 2050 if current permafrost warming trends continue at the pace of the last two decades, highlighting the critical importance to better understand how much and where Arctic infrastructure may become threatened by permafrost thaw. KW - Arctic KW - permafrost KW - settlements KW - infrastructure KW - remote sensing KW - machine KW - learning KW - Sentinel Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac3176 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 16 IS - 11 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hofmann, Tommy A1 - Kojda, Sandrino Danny A1 - Haseeb, Haider A1 - Wallacher, Dirk A1 - Sobolev, Oleg A1 - Habicht, Klaus T1 - Phonons in highly-crystalline mesoporous silicon: the absence of phonon-softening upon structuring silicon on sub-10 nanometer length scales JF - Microporous and mesoporous materials : the official journal of the International Zeolite Association N2 - This article presents inelastic thermal neutron scattering experiments probing the phonon dispersion in mesoporous silicon with pores 8 nm across. Scattering studies reveal the energy-momentum relation for transverse and longitudinal phonons along the high symmetry directions , and in the Brillouin zone. The dispersion up to phonon energies of 35 meV unambiguously proves that the phonon group velocities in highly-crystalline silicon are not modified by nanostructuring down to sub-10 nanometer length scales. On these length scales, there is apparently no effect of structuring on the elastic moduli of mesoporous silicon. No evidence can be found for phonon-softening in topologically complex, geometrically disordered mesoporous silicon putting it in contrast to silicon nanotubes and nanoribbons. KW - Mesoporous silicon KW - Inelastic neutron scattering KW - Phonon dispersion KW - Phonon-softening KW - Elasticity KW - Thermoelectric material Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2020.110814 SN - 1387-1811 SN - 1873-3093 VL - 312 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keller, Lena A1 - Cortina, Kai S. A1 - Müller, Katharina A1 - Miller, Kevin F. T1 - Noticing and weighing alternatives in the reflection of regular classroom teaching: evidence of expertise using mobile eye-tracking JF - Instructional science : an international journal of learning and cognition N2 - Instructional videos are widely used to study teachers' professional vision. A new technological development in video research is mobile eye-tracking (MET). It has the potential to provide fine-grained insights into teachers' professional vision in action, but has yet been scarcely employed. We addressed this research gap by using MET video feedback to examine how expert and novice teachers differed in their noticing and weighing of alternative teaching strategies. Expert and novice teachers' lessons were recorded with MET devices. Then, they commented on what they observe while watching their own teaching videos. Using a mixed methods approach, we found that expert and novice teachers did not differ in the number of classroom events they noticed and alternative teaching strategies they mentioned. However, novice teachers were more critical of their own teaching than expert teachers, particularly when they considered alternative teaching strategies. Practical implications for the field of teacher education are discussed. KW - Mobile eye-tracking KW - Expertise KW - Teacher training KW - Think-aloud KW - Professional vision Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-021-09570-5 SN - 0020-4277 SN - 1573-1952 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 251 EP - 272 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V. CY - Dordrecht [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Roeser, Patricia A1 - Drager, Nadine A1 - Brykala, Dariusz A1 - Ott, Florian A1 - Pinkerneil, Sylvia A1 - Gierszewski, Piotr A1 - Lindemann, Christin A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Brademann, Brian A1 - Kaszubski, Michal A1 - Fojutowski, Michal A1 - Schwab, Markus J. A1 - Slowinski, Michal A1 - Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw A1 - Brauer, Achim T1 - Advances in understanding calcite varve formation: new insights from a dual lake monitoring approach in the southern Baltic lowlands JF - Boreas : an international journal of quaternary research N2 - We revise the conceptual model of calcite varves and present, for the first time, a dual lake monitoring study in two alkaline lakes providing new insights into the seasonal sedimentation processes forming these varves. The study lakes, Tiefer See in NE Germany and Czechowskie in N Poland, have distinct morphology and bathymetry, and therefore, they are ideal to decipher local effects on seasonal deposition. The monitoring setup in both lakes is largely identical and includes instrumental observation of (i) meteorological parameters, (ii) chemical profiling of the lake water column including water sampling, and (iii) sediment trapping at both bi-weekly and monthly intervals. We then compare our monitoring data with varve micro-facies in the sediment record. One main finding is that calcite varves form complex laminae triplets rather than simple couplets as commonly thought. Sedimentation of varve sub-layers in both lakes is largely dependent on the lake mixing dynamics and results from the same seasonality, commencing with diatom blooms in spring turning into a pulse of calcite precipitation in summer and terminating with a re-suspension layer in autumn and winter, composed of calcite patches, plant fragments and benthic diatoms. Despite the common seasonal cycle, the share of each of these depositional phases in the total annual sediment yield is different between the lakes. In Lake Tiefer See calcite sedimentation has the highest yields, whereas in Lake Czechowskie, the so far underestimated re-suspension sub-layer dominates the sediment accumulation. Even in undisturbed varved sediments, re-suspended material becomes integrated in the sediment fabric and makes up an important share of calcite varves. Thus, while the biogeochemical lake cycle defines the varves' autochthonous components and micro-facies, the physical setting plays an important role in determining the varve sub-layers' proportion. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/bor.12506 SN - 0300-9483 SN - 1502-3885 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 419 EP - 440 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Korovila, Ioanna A1 - Hoehn, Annika A1 - Jung, Tobias A1 - Grune, Tilman A1 - Ott, Christiane T1 - Reduced liver autophagy in high-fat diet induced liver steatosis in New Zealand obese mice JF - Antioxidants : open access journal N2 - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as a consequence of overnutrition caused by high-calorie diets, results in obesity and disturbed lipid homeostasis leading to hepatic lipid droplet formation. Lipid droplets can impair hepatocellular function; therefore, it is of utmost importance to degrade these cellular structures. This requires the normal function of the autophagic-lysosomal system and the ubiquitin-proteasomal system. We demonstrated in NZO mice, a polygenic model of obesity, which were compared to C57BL/6J (B6) mice, that a high-fat diet leads to obesity and accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver. This was accompanied by a loss of autophagy efficiency whereas the activity of lysosomal proteases and the 20S proteasome remained unaffected. The disturbance of cellular protein homeostasis was further demonstrated by the accumulation of 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal modified proteins, which are normally prone to degradation. Therefore, we conclude that fat accumulation in the liver due to a high-fat diet is associated with a failure of autophagy and leads to the disturbance of proteostasis. This might further contribute to lipid droplet stabilization and accumulation. KW - proteostasis KW - protein modification KW - 4-HNE KW - proteasome KW - lipid droplets Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10040501 SN - 2076-3921 VL - 10 IS - 4 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mohr, Christian H. A1 - Manga, Michael A1 - Helle, Gerhard A1 - Heinrich, Ingo A1 - Giese, Laura A1 - Korup, Oliver T1 - Trees talk tremor-wood anatomy and δ13C content reveal contrasting tree-growth responses to earthquakes JF - JGR / AGU, American Geophysical Union. Biogeosciences N2 - Large earthquakes can increase the amount of water feeding stream flows, raise groundwater levels, and thus grant plant roots more access to water in water-limited environments. We examine growth and photosynthetic responses of Pine plantations to the Maule M-w 8.8 earthquake in headwater catchments of Chile's Coastal Range. We combine high-resolution wood anatomic (lumen area) and biogeochemical (delta 13C of wood cellulose) proxies of daily to weekly tree growth sampled from trees on floodplains and close to ridge lines. We find that, immediately after the earthquake, at least two out of six tree trees on valley floors had increased lumen area and decreased delta 13C, while trees on hillslopes had a reverse trend. Our results indicate a control of soil water on this response, largely consistent with models that predict how enhanced postseismic vertical soil permeability causes groundwater levels to rise on valley floors, but fall along the ridges. Statistical analysis with boosted regression trees indicates that streamflow discharge gained predictive importance for photosynthetic activity on the ridges, but lost importance on the valley floor after the earthquake. We infer that earthquakes may stimulate ecohydrological conditions favoring tree growth over days to weeks by triggering stomatal opening. The weak and short-lived signals that we identified, however, show that such responses are only valid under water-limited, rather than energy-limited tree, growth. Hence, dendrochronological studies targeted at annual resolution may overlook some earthquake effects on tree vitality. KW - tree rings KW - isotope KW - wood anatomy KW - earthquake KW - Chile KW - vegetation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JG006385 SN - 2169-8953 SN - 2169-8961 VL - 126 IS - 10 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sprengel, Maximilian A1 - Ulbricht, Alexander A1 - Evans, Alexander A1 - Kromm, Arne A1 - Sommer, Konstantin A1 - Werner, Tiago A1 - Kelleher, Joanne A1 - Bruno, Giovanni A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas T1 - Towards the optimization of post-laser powder bed fusion stress-relieve treatments of stainless steel 316L JF - Metallurgical and materials transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science N2 - The use of post-processing heat treatments is often considered a necessary approach to relax high-magnitude residual stresses (RS) formed during the layerwise additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). In this work, three heat treatment strategies using temperatures of 450 degrees C, 800 degrees C, and 900 degrees C are applied to austenitic stainless steel 316L samples manufactured by LPBF. These temperatures encompass the suggested lower and upper bounds of heat treatment temperatures of conventionally processed 316L. The relaxation of the RS is characterized by neutron diffraction (ND), and the associated changes of the microstructure are analyzed using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The lower bound heat treatment variant of 450 degrees C for 4 hours exhibited high tensile and compressive RS. When applying subsequent heat treatments, we show that stress gradients are still observed after applying 800 degrees C for 1 hour but almost completely vanish when applying 900 degrees C for 1 hour. The observed near complete relaxation of the RS appears to be closely related to the evolution of the characteristic subgrain solidification cellular microstructure. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06472-6 SN - 1073-5623 SN - 1543-1940 VL - 52 IS - 12 SP - 5342 EP - 5356 PB - Springer CY - Boston ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baumas, Chloe M. J. A1 - Le Moigne, Frédéric A. C. A1 - Garel, Marc A1 - Bhairy, Nagib A1 - Guasco, Sophie A1 - Riou, Virginie A1 - Armougom, Fabrice A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Tamburini, Christian T1 - Mesopelagic microbial carbon production correlates with diversity across different marine particle fractions JF - The ISME journal : multidisciplinary journal of microbial ecology N2 - The vertical flux of marine snow particles significantly reduces atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. In the mesopelagic zone, a large proportion of the organic carbon carried by sinking particles dissipates thereby escaping long term sequestration. Particle associated prokaryotes are largely responsible for such organic carbon loss. However, links between this important ecosystem flux and ecological processes such as community development of prokaryotes on different particle fractions (sinking vs. non-sinking) are yet virtually unknown. This prevents accurate predictions of mesopelagic organic carbon loss in response to changing ocean dynamics. Using combined measurements of prokaryotic heterotrophic production rates and species richness in the North Atlantic, we reveal that carbon loss rates and associated microbial richness are drastically different with particle fractions. Our results demonstrate a strong negative correlation between prokaryotic carbon losses and species richness. Such a trend may be related to prokaryotes detaching from fast-sinking particles constantly enriching non-sinking associated communities in the mesopelagic zone. Existing global scale data suggest this negative correlation is a widespread feature of mesopelagic microbes. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00880-z SN - 1751-7362 SN - 1751-7370 VL - 15 IS - 6 SP - 1695 EP - 1708 PB - Nature Publishing Group CY - Basingstoke ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stolle, Claudia A1 - Michaelis, Ingo A1 - Xiong, Chao A1 - Rother, Martin A1 - Usbeck, Thomas A1 - Yamazaki, Yosuke A1 - Rauberg, Jan A1 - Styp-Rekowski, Kevin T1 - Observing earth’s magnetic environment with the GRACE-FO mission JF - Earth, planets and space : EPS N2 - The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission carries magnetometers that are dedicated to enhance the satellite's navigation. After appropriate calibration and characterisation of artificial magnetic disturbances, these observations are valuable assets to characterise the natural variability of Earth's magnetic field. We describe the data pre-processing, the calibration, and characterisation strategy against a high-precision magnetic field model applied to the GRACE-FO magnetic data. During times of geomagnetic quiet conditions, the mean residual to the magnetic model is around 1 nT with standard deviations below 10 nT. The mean difference to data of ESA's Swarm mission, which is dedicated to monitor the Earth's magnetic field, is mainly within +/- 10 nT during conjunctions. The performance of GRACE-FO magnetic data is further discussed on selected scientific examples. During a magnetic storm event in August 2018, GRACE-FO reveals the local time dependence of the magnetospheric ring current signature, which is in good agreement with results from a network of ground magnetic observations. Also, derived field-aligned currents (FACs) are applied to monitor auroral FACs that compare well in amplitude and statistical behaviour for local time, hemisphere, and solar wind conditions to approved earlier findings from other missions including Swarm. On a case event, it is demonstrated that the dual-satellite constellation of GRACE-FO is most suitable to derive the persistence of auroral FACs with scale lengths of 180 km or longer. Due to a relatively larger noise level compared to dedicated magnetic missions, GRACE-FO is especially suitable for high-amplitude event studies. However, GRACE-FO is also sensitive to ionospheric signatures even below the noise level within statistical approaches. The combination with data of dedicated magnetic field missions and other missions carrying non-dedicated magnetometers greatly enhances related scientific perspectives. KW - Earth's magnetic field KW - Geomagnetism KW - Ionospheric currents KW - Magnetospheric ring current KW - Satellite-based magnetometers KW - Platform KW - magnetometers KW - GRACE-FO Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-021-01364-w SN - 1880-5981 VL - 73 IS - 1 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cannone, Nicoletta A1 - Guglielmin, Mauro A1 - Malfasi, Francesco A1 - Hubberten, Hans Wolfgang A1 - Wagner, Dirk T1 - Rapid soil and vegetation changes at regional scale in continental Antarctica JF - Geoderma : an international journal of soil science N2 - Antarctica is the last pristine environment on Earth, its biota being adapted to the harsh and extreme polar climate. Until now, soil formation and vegetation development in continental Antarctica were considered very slow due to the extreme conditions of this polar desert. Since the austral summer 2002/2003, a long-term monitoring network of the terrestrial ecosystems (soils, vegetation, active layer thickness) has been established at Victoria Land (VL) across a > 500 km latitudinal gradient of coastal sites (73 degrees -77 degrees S). In only one decade large ecosystem changes were detected. Climate was characterized by a significant increase of thawing degree days in northern VL and of autumn air temperature. No extreme climatic events (such as hot spells) where detected in the study period. Soil chemistry suffered large quantitative changes, clearly indicating rapid pedogenetic processes. In most soils the upper layers exhibited a strong alkalinization (pH increases up to 3 units) and increases in conductivity, anions and cations (in particular of SO4 and Na). The largest changes were observed in soils with low vegetation cover. Statistically significant differences in soil chemistry were detected between soils with high and low vegetation cover, the former showing lower pH, conductivity, Na and Cl. Most plots exhibited changes of total cover, species richness and floristic composition, with vegetation expansion in soils with low vegetation cover and the largest increase recorded at Apostrophe Island (northern VL). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified the main trend of vegetation change, with a shift from lower to higher cover and a secondary trend of change associated with a gradient of water availability, consistent with an increase in water instead of snow. Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified the trend of change in soil chemistry with increases in pH, conductivity, anions and cations associated with the concomitant decrease in C, N, NO3, PO4. The RDA confirmed that soil changes were associated with a gradient of vegetation change (from low to high cover) as well as of water availability, as already indirectly outlined by the PCA. Field manipulation experiments carried out at five locations of the network between 73 degrees S and 77 degrees S, simulating increases of precipitation from snow or water additions didn't induce changes in soil pH, indicating that pulse events of snow accumulation or melting could not trigger persistent soil pH changes. These data allow hypothesize the occurrence of a main ecosystem change occurring at regional scale at Victoria Land. The slight air warming and its consequences on soil chemistry and vegetation, further highlight the sensitivity of the fragile Antarctic ecosystems to the consequences of even small changes in climate. KW - Soil chemistry KW - Alkalinization KW - Vegetation changes KW - Manipulation KW - experiment Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115017 SN - 0016-7061 SN - 1872-6259 VL - 394 PB - Elsevier Science CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sandiford, Dan A1 - Brune, Sascha A1 - Glerum, Anne A1 - Naliboff, John A1 - Whittaker, Joanne M. T1 - Kinematics of footwall exhumation at oceanic detachment faults: solid-block rotation and apparent unbending JF - Geochemistry, geophysics, geosystems : G 3 ; an electronic journal of the earth sciences N2 - Seafloor spreading at slow rates can be accommodated on large-offset oceanic detachment faults (ODFs), that exhume lower crustal and mantle rocks in footwall domes termed oceanic core complexes (OCCs). Footwall rocks experience large rotation during exhumation, yet important aspects of the kinematics-particularly the relative roles of solid-block rotation and flexure-are not clearly understood. Using a high-resolution numerical model, we explore the exhumation kinematics in the footwall beneath an emergent ODF/OCC. A key feature of the models is that footwall motion is dominated by solid-block rotation, accommodated by the nonplanar, concave-down fault interface. A consequence is that curvature measured along the ODF is representative of a neutral stress configuration, rather than a "bent" one. Instead, it is in the subsequent process of "apparent unbending" that significant flexural stresses are developed in the model footwall. The brittle strain associated with apparent unbending is produced dominantly in extension, beneath the OCC, consistent with earthquake clustering observed in the Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GC009681 SN - 1525-2027 VL - 22 IS - 4 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arya, Pooja A1 - Umlandt, Maren A1 - Jelken, Joachim A1 - Feldmann, David A1 - Lomadze, Nino A1 - Asmolov, Evgeny S. A1 - Vinogradova, Olga I. A1 - Santer, Svetlana T1 - Light-induced manipulation of passive and active microparticles JF - The European physical journal. E, Soft matter N2 - We consider sedimented at a solid wall particles that are immersed in water containing small additives of photosensitive ionic surfactants. It is shown that illumination with an appropriate wavelength, a beam intensity profile, shape and size could lead to a variety of dynamic, both unsteady and steady state, configurations of particles. These dynamic, well-controlled and switchable particle patterns at the wall are due to an emerging diffusio-osmotic flow that takes its origin in the adjacent to the wall electrostatic diffuse layer, where the concentration gradients of surfactant are induced by light. The conventional nonporous particles are passive and can move only with already generated flow. However, porous colloids actively participate themselves in the flow generation mechanism at the wall, which also sets their interactions that can be very long ranged. This light-induced diffusio-osmosis opens novel avenues to manipulate colloidal particles and assemble them to various patterns. We show in particular how to create and split optically the confined regions of particles of tunable size and shape, where well-controlled flow-induced forces on the colloids could result in their crystalline packing, formation of dilute lattices of well-separated particles, and other states. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00032-x SN - 1292-8941 SN - 1292-895X VL - 44 IS - 4 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - THES A1 - Tönjes, Ralf T1 - On the effects of disorder on the ability of oscillatory or directional dynamics to synchronize N2 - In this thesis I present a collection of publications of my work, containing analytic results and observations in numerical experiments on the effects of various inhomogeneities, on the ability of coupled oscillators to synchronize their collective dynamics. Most of these works are concerned with the effects of Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise acting on the phase of autonomous oscillators (Secs. 2.1-2.4) or on the direction of higher dimensional state vectors (Secs. 2.5,2.6). I obtain exact and approximate solutions to the non-linear equations governing the distributions of phases, or perform linear stability analysis of the uniform distribution to obtain the transition point from a completely disordered state to partial order or more complicated collective behavior. Other inhomogeneities, that can affect synchronization of coupled oscillators, are irregular, chaotic oscillations or a complex, and possibly random structure in the coupling network. In Section 2.9 I present a new method to define the phase- and frequency linear response function for chaotic oscillators. In Sections 2.4, 2.7 and 2.8 I study synchronization in complex networks of coupled oscillators. Each section in Chapter 2 - Manuscripts, is devoted to one research paper and begins with a list of the main results, a description of my contributions to the work and a short account of the scientific context, i.e. the questions and challenges which started the research and the relation of the work to my other research projects. The manuscripts in this thesis are reproductions of the arXiv versions, i.e. preprints under the creative commons licence. N2 - In dieser Habilitationsschrift präsentiere ich eine Sammlung von Veröffentlichungen meiner Arbeit, die analytische Ergebnisse und Beobachtungen aus numerischen Experimenten zu den Effekten verschiedener Inhomogenitäten auf die Fähigkeit gekoppelter Oszillatoren zur Synchronisation ihrer kollektiven Dynamik enthält. Die meisten dieser Arbeiten befassen sich mit den Effekten von gaußschem und nicht-gaußschem Rauschen, das auf die Phasen autonomer Oszillatoren einwirkt (Abschnitte 2.1-2.4) oder auf die Richtung von höherdimensionalen Zustandsvektoren (Abschnitte 2.5, 2.6). Ich erhalte exakte und approximative Lösungen für die nichtlinearen Gleichungen, die die Verteilung der Phasen bestimmen, oder führe eine lineare Stabilitätsanalyse der Gleichverteilung durch, um den Übergangspunkt von einem vollständig ungeordneten Zustand zu partieller Ordnung oder komplexerem kollektiven Verhalten zu ermitteln. Andere Inhomogenitäten, die die Synchronisation gekoppelter Oszillatoren beeinflussen können, sind unregelmäßige, chaotische Oszillationen oder eine komplexe und möglicherweise zufällige Struktur im Kopplungsnetzwerk. In Abschnitt 2.9 präsentiere ich eine neue Methode zur Definition der Phasen- und Frequenzantwortfunktion für chaotische Oszillatoren. In den Abschnitten 2.4, 2.7 und 2.8 untersuche ich die Synchronisation in komplexen Netzwerken gekoppelter Oszillatoren. Jeder Abschnitt in Kapitel 2 - Manuskripte, ist einer Forschungsarbeit gewidmet und beginnt mit einer Liste der wichtigsten Ergebnisse, einer Beschreibung meiner Beiträge zur Arbeit und einem kurzen Überblick über den wissenschaftlichen Kontext, d.h. die Fragen und Herausforderungen, die die Forschung ausgelöst haben, sowie der Zusammenhang der Arbeit mit meinen anderen Forschungsprojekten. Die Manuskripte in dieser Dissertation sind Nachdrucke der arXiv-Versionen, d.h. Vorabdrucke unter der Creative Commons Lizenz. T2 - Über die Wirkung von Unordnung auf die Synchronisierbarkeit von oszillatorischer oder gerichteter Dynamik KW - synchronization KW - oscillators KW - dynamics on networks KW - Dynamik in Netzwerken KW - Oszillatoren KW - Synchronisation Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-651942 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kotera, Yasuhiro A1 - Asano, Kenichi A1 - Kotera, Hiromasa A1 - Ohshima, Remi A1 - Rushforth, Annabel T1 - Mental health of Japanese workers: amotivation mediates self-compassion on mental health problems JF - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health = IJERPH N2 - Workplace mental health is a cause for concern in many countries. Globally, 78% of the workforce experienced impairment of their mental health in 2020. In Japan, more than half of employees are mentally distressed. Previously, research has identified that self-compassion (i.e., being kind and understanding towards oneself) and work motivation were important to their mental health. However, how these three components relate to each other remains to be elucidated. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the relationship between mental health problems, self-compassion and work motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation and amotivation). A cross-sectional design was employed, where 165 Japanese workers completed self-report scales regarding those three components. A correlation and path analyses were conducted. Mental health problems were positively associated with amotivation and negatively associated with age and self-compassion. While intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation did not mediate the impact of self-compassion on mental health problems, amotivation did. The findings can help managers and organizational psychologists help identify effective approaches to improving work mental health. KW - Japanese workers KW - mental health KW - self-compassion KW - amotivation KW - mediation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710497 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 19 IS - 17 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cortez, Nicole A1 - Marin, Victor A1 - Jimenez, Veronica A. A1 - Silva, Victor A1 - Leyton, Oscar A1 - Cabrera-Pardo, Jaime R. A1 - Schmidt, Bernd A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias A1 - Burgos, Viviana A1 - Duran, Paola A1 - Paz, Cristian T1 - Drimane sesquiterpene alcohols with activity against Candida yeast obtained by biotransformation with Cladosporium antarcticum JF - International journal of molecular sciences N2 - Fungal biotransformation is an attractive synthetic strategy to produce highly specific compounds with chemical functionality in regions of the carbon skeleton that are not easily activated by conventional organic chemistry methods. In this work, Cladosporium antarcticum isolated from sediments of Glacier Collins in Antarctica was used to obtain novel drimane sesquiterpenoids alcohols with activity against Candida yeast from drimendiol and epidrimendiol. These compounds were produced by the high-yield reduction of polygodial and isotadeonal with NaBH4 in methanol. Cladosporium antarcticum produced two major products from drimendiol, identified as 9 alpha-hydroxydrimendiol (1, 41.4 mg, 19.4% yield) and 3 beta-hydroxydrimendiol (2, 74.8 mg, 35% yield), whereas the biotransformation of epidrimendiol yielded only one product, 9 beta-hydroxyepidrimendiol (3, 86.6 mg, 41.6% yield). The products were purified by column chromatography and their structure elucidated by NMR and MS. The antifungal activity of compounds 1-3 was analyzed against Candida albicans, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis, showing that compound 2 has a MIC lower than 15 mu g/mL against the three-pathogenic yeast. In silico studies suggest that a possible mechanism of action for the novel compounds is the inhibition of the enzyme lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, affecting the ergosterol synthesis. KW - Drimys winteri KW - Cladosporium antarcticum KW - drimendiol KW - epidrimendiol KW - biotransformation KW - Candida yeast KW - lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase KW - biocontrol Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232112995 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 23 IS - 21 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Singh, Manudeo A1 - Allaka, Satyasri A1 - Gupta, Praveen K. A1 - Patel, Jaiminkumar G. A1 - Sinha, Rajiv T1 - Deriving wetland-cover types (WCTs) from integration of multispectral indices based on Earth observation data JF - Environmental monitoring and assessment : an international journal devoted to progress in the use of monitoring data in assessing environmental risks to man and the environment N2 - The wetland cover is defined as the spatially homogenous region of a wetland attributed to the underlying biophysical conditions such as vegetation, turbidity, hydric soil, and the amount of water. Here, we present a novel method to derive the wetland-cover types (WCTs) combining three commonly used multispectral indices, NDVI, MNDWI, and NDTI, in three large Ramsar wetlands located in different geomorphic and climatic settings across India. These wetlands include the Kaabar Tal, a floodplain wetland in east Ganga Plains, Chilika Lagoon, a coastal wetland in eastern India, and Nal Sarovar in semi-arid western India. The novelty of our approach is that the derived WCTs are stable in space and time, and therefore, a given WCT across different wetlands or within different zones of a large wetland will imply similar underlying biophysical attributes. The WCTs can therefore provide a novel tool for monitoring and change detection of wetland cover types. We have automated the proposed WCT algorithm using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) environment and by developing ArcGIS tools. The method can be implemented on any wetland and using any multispectral imagery dataset with visible and NIR bands. The proposed methodology is simple yet robust and easy to implement and, therefore, holds significant importance in wetland monitoring and management. KW - wetland dynamics KW - wetland hydrology KW - wetland management KW - wetland monitoring KW - wetland remote sensing Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10541-7 SN - 0167-6369 SN - 1573-2959 VL - 194 IS - 12 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Ke A1 - Garbusow, Maria A1 - Sebold, Miriam A1 - Zech, Hilmar G. A1 - Zimmermann, Ulrich A1 - Heinz, Andreas T1 - Automatic approach behaviors in alcohol dependence: does a cognitive bias modification training affect Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effects? JF - Neuropsychobiology : official journal of the International Pharmaco-EEG Group (IPEG) N2 - Introduction: Positively conditioned Pavlovian cues tend to promote approach and negative cues promote withdrawal in a Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm, and the strength of this PIT effect was associated with the subsequent relapse risk in alcohol-dependent (AD) patients. When investigating the effect of alcohol-related background cues, instrumental approach behavior was inhibited in subsequent abstainers but not relapsers. An automatic approach bias towards alcohol can be modified using a cognitive bias modification (CBM) intervention, which has previously been shown to reduce the relapse risk in AD patients. Here we examined the effects of such CBM training on PIT effects and explored its effect on the relapse risk in detoxified AD patients. Methods: N = 81 recently detoxified AD patients performed non-drug-related and drug-related PIT tasks before and after CBM versus placebo training. In addition, an alcohol approach/avoidance task (aAAT) was performed before and after the training to assess the alcohol approach bias. Patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: A stronger alcohol approach bias as well as a stronger non-drug-related PIT effect predicted relapse status in AD patients. No significant difference regarding relapse status or the number of heavy drinking days was found when comparing the CBM training group versus the placebo group. Moreover, there was no significant modulation effect of CBM training on any PIT effect or the aAAT. Conclusion: A higher alcohol approach bias in the aAAT and a stronger non-drug-related PIT effect both predicted relapse in AD patients, while treatment outcome was not associated with the drug-related PIT effect. Unlike expected, CBM training did not significantly interact with the non-drug-related or the drug-related PIT effects or the alcohol approach bias. KW - Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer KW - alcohol approach bias KW - cognitive bias modification KW - alcohol dependence KW - relapse Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1159/000526805 SN - 0302-282X SN - 1423-0224 VL - 81 IS - 5 SP - 387 EP - 402 PB - Karger CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Trepka, Heiko A1 - Keller, Trevor A1 - Krautloher, Maximilian Josef A1 - Xu, J. A1 - Habicht, Klaus A1 - Böhm, Martin A1 - Keimer, Bernhard A1 - Hepting, Matthias T1 - Critical magnetic fluctuations in the layered ruthenates Ca2RuO4 and Ca3Ru2O7 JF - Physical Review Research / American Physical Society N2 - Materials realizing the XY model in two dimensions are sparse. Here we use neutron triple-axis spectroscopy to investigate the critical static and dynamical magnetic fluctuations in the square-lattice antiferromagnets Ca2RuO4 and Ca3Ru2O7. We probe the temperature dependence of the antiferromagnetic Bragg intensity, the Q width, the amplitude, and the energy width of the magnetic diffuse scattering in the vicinity of the Neel temperature T-N to determine the critical behavior of the magnetic order parameter M, correlation length xi, susceptibility chi, and the characteristic energy Gamma with the corresponding critical exponents beta, nu, gamma, and z, respectively. We find that the critical behaviors of the single-layer compound Ca2RuO4 follow universal scaling laws that are compatible with predictions of the two-dimensional (2D) XY model. The bilayer compound Ca3Ru2O7 is only partly consistent with the 2D XY theory and best described by the three-dimensional (3D) Ising model, which is likely a consequence of the intrabilayer exchange interactions in combination with an orthorhombic single-ion anisotropy. Hence, our results suggest that layered ruthenates are promising solid-state platforms for research on the 2D XY model and the effects of 3D interactions and additional spin-space anisotropies on the magnetic fluctuations. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.023181 SN - 2643-1564 VL - 4 IS - 2 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gil, Carla Igual A1 - Coull, Bethany M. A1 - Jonas, Wenke A1 - Lippert, Rachel N. A1 - Klaus, Susanne A1 - Ost, Mario T1 - Mitochondrial stress-induced GFRAL signaling controls diurnal food intake and anxiety-like behavior JF - Life Science Alliance N2 - Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a mitochondrial stressinduced cytokine that modulates energy balance in an endocrine manner. However, the importance of its brainstem-restricted receptor GDNF family receptor alpha-like (GFRAL) to mediate endocrine GDF15 signaling to the brain uponmitochondrial dysfunction is still unknown. Using a mouse model with muscle-specific mitochondrial dysfunction, we here show that GFRAL is required for activation of systemic energy metabolism via daytime-restricted anorexia but not responsible for muscle wasting. We further find that muscle mitochondrial stress response involves a GFRAL-dependent induction of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone, without elevated corticosterone levels. Finally, we identify that GFRAL signaling governs an anxiety-like behavior in male mice with muscle mitochondrial dysfunction, with females showing a less robust GFRAL-dependent anxiety-like phenotype. Together, we here provide novel evidence of a mitochondrial stress-induced muscle-brain crosstalk via the GDF15-GFRAL axis to modulate food intake and anxiogenic behavior. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.26508/lsa.202201495 SN - 2575-1077 VL - 5 IS - 11 PB - EMBO Press CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pfrommer, Christoph A1 - Werhahn, Maria A1 - Pakmor, Rudiger A1 - Girichidis, Philipp A1 - Simpson, Christine M. T1 - Simulating radio synchrotron emission in star-forming galaxies BT - small-scale magnetic dynamo and the origin of the far-infrared-radio correlation JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - In star-forming galaxies, the far-infrared (FIR) and radio-continuum luminosities obey a tight empirical relation over a large range of star-formation rates (SFR). To understand the physics, we examine magnetohydrodynamic galaxy simulations, which follow the genesis of cosmic ray (CR) protons at supernovae and their advective and anisotropic diffusive transport. We show that gravitational collapse of the proto-galaxy generates a corrugated accretion shock, which injects turbulence and drives a small-scale magnetic dynamo. As the shock propagates outwards and the associated turbulence decays, the large velocity shear between the supersonically rotating cool disc with respect to the (partially) pressure-supported hot circumgalactic medium excites Kelvin-Helmholtz surface and body modes. Those interact non-linearly, inject additional turbulence and continuously drive multiple small-scale dynamos, which exponentially amplify weak seed magnetic fields. After saturation at small scales, they grow in scale to reach equipartition with thermal and CR energies in Milky Way-mass galaxies. In small galaxies, the magnetic energy saturates at the turbulent energy while it fails to reach equipartition with thermal and CR energies. We solve for steady-state spectra of CR protons, secondary electrons/positrons from hadronic CR-proton interactions with the interstellar medium, and primary shock-accelerated electrons at supernovae. The radio-synchrotron emission is dominated by primary electrons, irradiates the magnetized disc and bulge of our simulated Milky Way-mass galaxy and weakly traces bubble-shaped magnetically loaded outflows. Our star-forming and star-bursting galaxies with saturated magnetic fields match the global FIR-radio correlation (FRC) across four orders of magnitude. Its intrinsic scatter arises due to (i) different magnetic saturation levels that result from different seed magnetic fields, (ii) different radio synchrotron luminosities for different specific SFRs at fixed SFR, and (iii) a varying radio intensity with galactic inclination. In agreement with observations, several 100-pc-sized regions within star-forming galaxies also obey the FRC, while the centres of starbursts substantially exceed the FRC. KW - dynamo KW - MHD KW - methods: numerical KW - cosmic rays KW - galaxies: formation KW - radio KW - continuum: galaxies Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac1808 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 515 IS - 3 SP - 4229 EP - 4264 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hirschberg, Stefan A1 - Bauer, Hannes A1 - Kamhieh-Milz, Julian A1 - Ringel, Frauke A1 - Harms, Christoph A1 - Eddin, Omar Kamal A1 - Pruss, Axel A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Schulze-Forster, Kai T1 - SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (VLPs) specifically detect humoral immune reactions in an ELISA-Based Platform JF - Antibodies N2 - A key in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is the assessment of the immune status of the population. We explored the utility of SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles (VLPs) as antigens to detect specific humoral immune reactions in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For this purpose, SARS-CoV-2 VLPs were produced from an engineered cell line and characterized by Western blot, ELISA, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Subsequently, we collected 42 serum samples from before the pandemic (2014), 89 samples from healthy subjects, and 38 samples from vaccinated subjects. Seventeen samples were collected less than three weeks after infection, and forty-four samples more than three weeks after infection. All serum samples were characterized for their reactivity with VLPs and the SARS-CoV-2 N- and S-protein. Finally, we compared the performance of the VLP-based ELISA with a certified in vitro diagnostic device (IVD). In the applied set of samples, we determined a sensitivity of 95.5% and a specificity of 100% for the certified IVD. There were seven samples with an uncertain outcome. Our VLP-ELISA demonstrated a superior performance, with a sensitivity of 97.5%, a specificity of 100%, and only three uncertain outcomes. This result warrants further research to develop a certified IVD based on SARS-CoV-2 VLPs as an antigen. KW - virus-like particle (VLP) KW - SARS-CoV-2 in vitro diagnostic device (IVD) KW - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) KW - immune reaction KW - antibodies Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/antib11040076 SN - 2073-4468 VL - 11 IS - 4 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vicente, Ruben A1 - Annunziata, Maria Grazia A1 - Santelia, Diana T1 - Editorial: Insights and regulation of plant carbon metabolism T2 - Frontiers in plant science KW - carbohydrates KW - crop production KW - fluctuating environment KW - metabolic regulation KW - phenotyping KW - photosynthesis KW - plant carbon metabolism KW - source-to-sink dynamics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1011224 SN - 1664-462X VL - 13 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - THES A1 - Hameed, Mazhar T1 - Structural preparation of raw data files T1 - Strukturelle Aufbereitung von unverarbeiteten Dateien N2 - Data preparation stands as a cornerstone in the landscape of data science workflows, commanding a significant portion—approximately 80%—of a data scientist's time. The extensive time consumption in data preparation is primarily attributed to the intricate challenge faced by data scientists in devising tailored solutions for downstream tasks. This complexity is further magnified by the inadequate availability of metadata, the often ad-hoc nature of preparation tasks, and the necessity for data scientists to grapple with a diverse range of sophisticated tools, each presenting its unique intricacies and demands for proficiency. Previous research in data management has traditionally concentrated on preparing the content within columns and rows of a relational table, addressing tasks, such as string disambiguation, date standardization, or numeric value normalization, commonly referred to as data cleaning. This focus assumes a perfectly structured input table. Consequently, the mentioned data cleaning tasks can be effectively applied only after the table has been successfully loaded into the respective data cleaning environment, typically in the later stages of the data processing pipeline. While current data cleaning tools are well-suited for relational tables, extensive data repositories frequently contain data stored in plain text files, such as CSV files, due to their adaptable standard. Consequently, these files often exhibit tables with a flexible layout of rows and columns, lacking a relational structure. This flexibility often results in data being distributed across cells in arbitrary positions, typically guided by user-specified formatting guidelines. Effectively extracting and leveraging these tables in subsequent processing stages necessitates accurate parsing. This thesis emphasizes what we define as the “structure” of a data file—the fundamental characters within a file essential for parsing and comprehending its content. Concentrating on the initial stages of the data preprocessing pipeline, this thesis addresses two crucial aspects: comprehending the structural layout of a table within a raw data file and automatically identifying and rectifying any structural issues that might hinder its parsing. Although these issues may not directly impact the table's content, they pose significant challenges in parsing the table within the file. Our initial contribution comprises an extensive survey of commercially available data preparation tools. This survey thoroughly examines their distinct features, the lacking features, and the necessity for preliminary data processing despite these tools. The primary goal is to elucidate the current state-of-the-art in data preparation systems while identifying areas for enhancement. Furthermore, the survey explores the encountered challenges in data preprocessing, emphasizing opportunities for future research and improvement. Next, we propose a novel data preparation pipeline designed for detecting and correcting structural errors. The aim of this pipeline is to assist users at the initial preprocessing stage by ensuring the correct loading of their data into their preferred systems. Our approach begins by introducing SURAGH, an unsupervised system that utilizes a pattern-based method to identify dominant patterns within a file, independent of external information, such as data types, row structures, or schemata. By identifying deviations from the dominant pattern, it detects ill-formed rows. Subsequently, our structure correction system, TASHEEH, gathers the identified ill-formed rows along with dominant patterns and employs a novel pattern transformation algebra to automatically rectify errors. Our pipeline serves as an end-to-end solution, transforming a structurally broken CSV file into a well-formatted one, usually suitable for seamless loading. Finally, we introduce MORPHER, a user-friendly GUI integrating the functionalities of both SURAGH and TASHEEH. This interface empowers users to access the pipeline's features through visual elements. Our extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our data preparation systems, requiring no user involvement. Both SURAGH and TASHEEH outperform existing state-of-the-art methods significantly in both precision and recall. N2 - Die Datenaufbereitung ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil von Data-Science-Workflows und nimmt einen beträchtlichen Teil - etwa 80% - der Zeit eines Datenwissenschaftlers in Anspruch. Der hohe Zeitaufwand für die Datenaufbereitung ist in erster Linie auf die komplizierte Herausforderung zurückzuführen, der sich Datenwissenschaftler bei der Entwicklung maßgeschneiderter Lösungen für nachgelagerte Aufgaben gegenübersehen. Diese Komplexität wird noch verstärkt durch die unzureichende Verfügbarkeit von Metadaten, den oft ad-hoc-Charakter der Aufbereitungsaufgaben und die Notwendigkeit für Datenwissenschaftler, sich mit einer Vielzahl von hochentwickelten Tools auseinanderzusetzen, von denen jedes seine eigenen Schwierigkeiten und Anforderungen an dessen Beherrschung aufweist. Bisherige Forschung im Bereich der Datenverwaltung konzentriert sich traditionell auf die Aufbereitung der Inhalte innerhalb der Spalten und Zeilen einer relationalen Tabelle und befasst sich mit Aufgaben wie der Disambiguierung von Zeichenketten, der Standardisierung von Datumsangaben oder der Normalisierung numerischer Werte, die gemeinhin unter dem Begriff der Datenbereinigung zusammengefasst werden. Dieser Forschungsschwerpunkt geht von einer perfekt strukturierten Eingabetabelle aus. Folglich können die genannten Datenbereinigungsaufgaben erst dann effektiv durchgeführt werden, wenn die Tabelle erfolgreich in die entsprechende Datenbereinigungsumgebung geladen wurde, was in der Regel in den späteren Phasen der Datenverarbeitungspipeline geschieht. Während aktuelle Datenbereinigungstools gut für relationale Tabellen geeignet sind, enthalten große Datenrrepositories aufgrund ihres flexiblen Standards häufig Daten, die in reinen Textdateien, wie z. B. CSV-Dateien, gespeichert sind. Folglich weisen diese Dateien oft Tabellen mit einem flexiblen Layout von Zeilen und Spalten auf, denen eine relationale Struktur fehlt. Diese Flexibilität führt häufig dazu, dass die Daten beliebig über die einzelnen Zellen der Tabelle verteilt sind, was in der Regel durch benutzerdefinierte Formatierungsrichtlinien gesteuert wird. Um diese Tabellen effektiv zu extrahieren und in den nachgelagerten Verarbeitungsschritten nutzen zu können, ist ein präzises Parsen erforderlich. In dieser Arbeit wird der Schwerpunkt auf das gelegt, was wir als “Struktur” einer Datendatei definieren - die grundlegenden Zeichen innerhalb einer Datei, die für das Parsen und Verstehen ihres Inhalts wesentlich sind. Die vorliegende Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die ersten Stufen der Datenvorverarbeitung und behandelt zwei entscheidende Aspekte: Das Verstehen des strukturellen Layouts einer Tabelle in einer Rohdatendatei und das automatische Erkennen und Korrigieren von strukturellen Problemen, die das Parsen der Datei erschweren könnten. Auch wenn sich diese Probleme nicht direkt auf den Inhalt der Tabelle auswirken, stellen sie eine große Herausforderung beim Parsen der Tabelle in der Datei dar. Unser erster Beitrag besteht aus einem umfassenden Überblick über kommerziell verfügbare Datenaufbereitungstools. In dieser Übersicht werden ihre besonderen Merkmale, die fehlenden Merkmale und die Notwendigkeit einer vorläufigen Datenverarbeitung trotz dieser Werkzeuge eingehend untersucht. Das primäre Ziel ist es, den aktuellen Stand der Technik bei den Datenaufbereitungssystemen zu ermitteln und gleichzeitig Bereiche zu identifizieren, die verbessert werden können. Darüber hinaus werden die bei der Datenvorverarbeitung aufgetretenen Herausforderungen untersucht und Möglichkeiten für künftige Forschung und Weiterentwicklungen aufgezeigt. Als Nächstes schlagen wir eine neuartige Datenaufbereitungspipeline zur Erkennung und Korrektur von strukturellen Fehlern vor. Ziel dieser Pipeline ist es, die Nutzer in der anfänglichen Vorverarbeitungsphase zu unterstützen, indem das korrekte Laden ihrer Daten in ihre bevorzugten Systeme sichergestellt wird. Unser Ansatz beginnt mit der Einführung von SURAGH, einem unüberwachten System, das eine musterbasierte Methode verwendet, um dominante Muster innerhalb einer Datei zu identifizieren, unabhängig von externen Informationen wie Datentypen, Zeilenstrukturen oder Schemata. Durch die Identifizierung von Abweichungen vom vorherrschenden Muster werden fehlerhafte Zeilen erkannt. Anschließend sammelt unser Strukturkorrektursystem, TASHEEH, die identifizierten fehlerhaften Zeilen zusammen mit den dominanten Mustern und verwendet eine neuartige Mustertransformationsalgebra, um Fehler automatisch zu korrigieren. Unsere Pipeline dient als End-to-End-Lösung, die eine strukturell fehlerhafte CSV-Datei in eine gut formatierte Datei umwandelt, die in der Regel für ein nahtloses Laden geeignet ist. Schließlich stellen wir MORPHER vor, eine benutzerfreundliche GUI, die die Funktionen von SURAGH und TASHEEH integriert. Mit Hilfe von visuellen Elementen ermöglicht diese Schnittstelle den Benutzern den Zugriff auf die Funktionen der Pipeline. Unsere umfangreichen Experimente zeigen die Effektivität unserer Datenaufbereitungssysteme, die kein Eingreifen des Benutzers erfordern. Sowohl SURAGH als auch TASHEEH übertreffen bestehende State-of-the-Art-Methoden in den beiden Metriken Precision und Recall deutlich. KW - Datenaufbereitung KW - Datenintegration KW - Datenverwaltung KW - Datenqualität KW - data preparation KW - data integration KW - data management KW - data quality Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-655678 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brandt, Naemi A1 - Becker, Michael A1 - Tetzner, Julia A1 - Brunner, Martin A1 - Kuhl, Poldi T1 - What teachers and parents can add to personality ratings of children BT - Unique associations with academic performance in elementary school JF - European journal of personality / publ. for the European Association of Personality Psychology N2 - Adults' ratings of children's personality have been found to be more closely associated with academic performance than children's self-reports. However, less is known about the relevance of the unique perspectives held by specific adult observers such as teachers and parents for explaining variance in academic performance. In this study, we applied bifactor (S-1) models for 1411 elementary school children to investigate the relative merits of teacher and parent ratings of children's personalities for academic performance above and beyond the children's self-reports. We examined these associations using standardized achievement test scores in addition to grades. We found that teachers' unique views on children's openness and conscientiousness had the strongest associations with academic performance. Parents' unique views on children's neuroticism showed incremental associations above teacher ratings or self-reports. For extraversion and agreeableness, however, children's self-reports were more strongly associated with academic performance than teacher or parent ratings. These results highlight the differential value of using multiple informants when explaining academic performance with personality traits. KW - Big Five KW - academic performance KW - personality ratings KW - multitrait-multimethod KW - late childhood Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0890207020988436 SN - 0890-2070 SN - 1099-0984 VL - 35 IS - 6 SP - 814 EP - 832 PB - Sage Publications CY - London ER - TY - THES A1 - Dera, Tom T1 - Spectant victores ruinam naturae BT - eine Unterrichtskonzeption zum antiken Bergbau T2 - Copia – Potsdamer Anregungen für den Lateinunterricht N2 - Das Anliegen der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Vermittlung des antiken Verhältnisses zwischen Mensch und natürlicher Umgebung im Lateinunterricht sowie ein Vergleich mit der heutigen Situation. Die Ergründung jenes Verhältnisses erfolgt am Beispiel des antiken Bergbaus, eines besonders anschaulichen Feldes der Umweltgeschichte. Denn es weist ein hohes Maß an Aktualität auf sowie ein großes Potential, aus der Beschäftigung mit ihm Erkenntnisse für die Gegenwart zu gewinnen. Vorgelegt wird eine Unterrichtskonzeption, die zugleich eine Analyse der menschlichen Naturwahrnehmung vornimmt. Zunächst wird dabei die Heterogenität dieser Wahrnehmung in der Antike aufgezeigt und in Bezug zur damals geäußerten Kritik am Bergbau gesetzt. Anschließend werden folgende Teilaspekte behandelt: 1. die antike bergbauliche Technik und Praxis, 2. die damals herrschenden Arbeitsbedingungen, 3. die gewonnenen Rohstoffe und ihre Verwendung sowie 4. die Folgen des Bergbaus für Mensch und Umwelt. Der didaktische Teil besteht aus einem Entwurf für drei Doppelstunden. Er enthält die Lehrmaterialien, die jeweiligen Erläuterungen und den Erwartungshorizont. T3 - Copia – Potsdamer Anregungen für den Lateinunterricht - 9 KW - antiker Bergbau KW - Unterrichtsmaterial KW - Lateinunterricht KW - Umweltschutz KW - Natur Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-635916 SN - 2748-6621 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brauer, Katharina A1 - Wulff, Hagen A1 - Pawellek, Sabine A1 - Ziegeldorf, Alexandra T1 - Network analysis for a community-based school- and family-based obesity prevention program JF - Healthcare : open access journal N2 - Rising childhood obesity with its detrimental health consequences poses a challenge to the health care system. Community-based, multi-setting interventions with the participatory involvement of relevant stakeholders are emerging as promising. To gain insights into the structural and processual characteristics of stakeholder networks, conducting a network analysis (NA) is advisable. Within the program "Family+-Healthy Living Together in Families and Schools", a network analysis was conducted in two rural model regions and one urban model region. Relevant stakeholders were identified in 2020-2021 through expert interviews and interviewed by telephone to elicit key variables such as frequency of contact and intensity of collaboration. Throughout the NA, characteristics such as density, centrality, and connectedness were analyzed and are presented graphically. Due to the differences in the number of inhabitants and the rural or urban structure of the model regions, the three networks (network#1, network#2, and network#3) included 20, 14, and 12 stakeholders, respectively. All networks had similar densities (network#1, 48%; network#2, 52%; network#3, 42%), whereas the degree centrality of network#1 (0.57) and network#3 (0.58) was one-third higher compared with network#2 (0.39). All three networks differed in the distribution of stakeholders in terms of field of expertise and structural orientation. On average, stakeholders exchanged information quarterly and were connected on an informal level. Based on the results of the NA, it appears to be useful to initialize a community health facilitator to involve relevant stakeholders from the education, sports, and health systems in projects and to strive for the goal of sustainable health promotion, regardless of the rural or urban structure of the region. Participatory involvement of relevant stakeholders can have a positive influence on the effective dissemination of information and networking with other stakeholders. KW - public health KW - children KW - stakeholder KW - collaboration KW - network analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081501 SN - 2227-9032 VL - 10 IS - 8 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER -