TY - JOUR A1 - Rothwell, Joseph A. A1 - Murphy, Neil A1 - Aleksandrova, Krasimira A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd A1 - Bešević, Jelena A1 - Kliemann, Nathalie A1 - Jenab, Mazda A1 - Ferrari, Pietro A1 - Achaintre, David A1 - Gicquiau, Audrey A1 - Vozar, Béatrice A1 - Scalbert, Augustin A1 - Huybrechts, Inge A1 - Freisling, Heinz A1 - Prehn, Cornelia A1 - Adamski, Jerzy A1 - Cross, Amanda J. A1 - Pala, Valeria Maria A1 - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine A1 - Dahm, Christina C. A1 - Overvad, Kim A1 - Gram, Inger Torhild A1 - Sandanger, Torkjel M. A1 - Skeie, Guri A1 - Jakszyn, Paula A1 - Tsilidis, Kostas K. A1 - Hughes, David J. A1 - van Guelpen, Bethany A1 - Bodén, Stina A1 - Sánchez, Maria-José A1 - Schmidt, Julie A. A1 - Katzke, Verena A1 - Kühn, Tilman A1 - Colorado-Yohar, Sandra A1 - Tumino, Rosario A1 - Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas A1 - Vineis, Paolo A1 - Masala, Giovanna A1 - Panico, Salvatore A1 - Eriksen, Anne Kirstine A1 - Tjønneland, Anne A1 - Aune, Dagfinn A1 - Weiderpass, Elisabete A1 - Severi, Gianluca A1 - Chajès, Véronique A1 - Gunter, Marc J. T1 - Metabolic signatures of healthy lifestyle patterns and colorectal cancer risk in a European cohort JF - Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology N2 - BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. METHODS: Scores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1-5) were calculated from participant data on weight maintenance, physical activity, diet, and alcohol among a discovery set of 5738 cancer-free European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition participants with metabolomics data. Partial least-squares regression was used to derive fatty acid and endogenous metabolite signatures of the WCRF/AICR score in this group. In an independent set of 1608 colorectal cancer cases and matched controls, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for colorectal cancer risk per unit increase in WCRF/AICR score and per the corresponding change in metabolic signatures using multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Higher WCRF/AICR scores were characterized by metabolic signatures of increased odd-chain fatty acids, serine, glycine, and specific phosphatidylcholines. Signatures were inversely associated more strongly with colorectal cancer risk (fatty acids: OR, 0.51 per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.29-0.90; endogenous metabolites: OR, 0.62 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.50-0.78) than the WCRF/AICR score (OR, 0.93 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00) overall. Signature associations were stronger in male compared with female participants. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolite profiles reflecting adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines and additional lifestyle or biological risk factors were associated with colorectal cancer. Measuring a specific panel of metabolites representative of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle may identify strata of the population at higher risk of colorectal cancer. KW - colorectal neoplasm KW - risk factors KW - World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations KW - targeted metabolomics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2020.11.045 SN - 1542-3565 SN - 1542-7714 VL - 20 SP - E1061 EP - E1082 PB - Elsevier CY - New York, NY ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Müller, Juliane A1 - Moser, Othmar A1 - Strempler, Mares Elaine A1 - Reso, Judith A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Orthopedic Injury Profiles in Adolescent Elite Athletes BT - A Retrospective Analysis From a Sports Medicine Department T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Aim: The aim of the study was to identify common orthopedic sports injury profiles in adolescent elite athletes with respect to age, sex, and anthropometrics. Methods: A retrospective data analysis of 718 orthopedic presentations among 381 adolescent elite athletes from 16 different sports to a sports medical department was performed. Recorded data of history and clinical examination included area, cause and structure of acute and overuse injuries. Injury-events were analyzed in the whole cohort and stratified by age (11–14/15–17 years) and sex. Group differences were tested by chi-squared-tests. Logistic regression analysis was applied examining the influence of factors age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) on the outcome variables area and structure (a = 0.05). Results: Higher proportions of injury-events were reported for females (60%) and athletes of the older age group (66%) than males and younger athletes. The most frequently injured area was the lower extremity (47%) followed by the spine (30.5%) and the upper extremity (12.5%). Acute injuries were mainly located at the lower extremity (74.5%), while overuse injuries were predominantly observed at the lower extremity (41%) as well as the spine (36.5%). Joints (34%), muscles (22%), and tendons (21.5%) were found to be the most often affected structures. The injured structures were different between the age groups (p = 0.022), with the older age group presenting three times more frequent with ligament pathology events (5.5%/2%) and less frequent with bony problems (11%/20.5%) than athletes of the younger age group. The injured area differed between the sexes (p = 0.005), with males having fewer spine injury-events (25.5%/34%) but more upper extremity injuries (18%/9%) than females. Regression analysis showed statistically significant influence for BMI (p = 0.002) and age (p = 0.015) on structure, whereas the area was significantly influenced by sex (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Events of soft-tissue overuse injuries are the most common reasons resulting in orthopedic presentations of adolescent elite athletes. Mostly, the lower extremity and the spine are affected, while sex and age characteristics on affected area and structure must be considered. Therefore, prevention strategies addressing the injury-event profiles should already be implemented in early adolescence taking age, sex as well as injury entity into account. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 559 KW - overuse injuries KW - epidemiology KW - complaints KW - symptoms KW - risk factors KW - sports Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-434953 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 559 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Müller, Juliane A1 - Moser, Othmar A1 - Strempler, Mares Elaine A1 - Reso, Judith A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Orthopedic Injury Profiles in Adolescent Elite Athletes BT - A Retrospective Analysis From a Sports Medicine Department JF - Frontiers in Physiology N2 - Aim: The aim of the study was to identify common orthopedic sports injury profiles in adolescent elite athletes with respect to age, sex, and anthropometrics. Methods: A retrospective data analysis of 718 orthopedic presentations among 381 adolescent elite athletes from 16 different sports to a sports medical department was performed. Recorded data of history and clinical examination included area, cause and structure of acute and overuse injuries. Injury-events were analyzed in the whole cohort and stratified by age (11–14/15–17 years) and sex. Group differences were tested by chi-squared-tests. Logistic regression analysis was applied examining the influence of factors age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) on the outcome variables area and structure (a = 0.05). Results: Higher proportions of injury-events were reported for females (60%) and athletes of the older age group (66%) than males and younger athletes. The most frequently injured area was the lower extremity (47%) followed by the spine (30.5%) and the upper extremity (12.5%). Acute injuries were mainly located at the lower extremity (74.5%), while overuse injuries were predominantly observed at the lower extremity (41%) as well as the spine (36.5%). Joints (34%), muscles (22%), and tendons (21.5%) were found to be the most often affected structures. The injured structures were different between the age groups (p = 0.022), with the older age group presenting three times more frequent with ligament pathology events (5.5%/2%) and less frequent with bony problems (11%/20.5%) than athletes of the younger age group. The injured area differed between the sexes (p = 0.005), with males having fewer spine injury-events (25.5%/34%) but more upper extremity injuries (18%/9%) than females. Regression analysis showed statistically significant influence for BMI (p = 0.002) and age (p = 0.015) on structure, whereas the area was significantly influenced by sex (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Events of soft-tissue overuse injuries are the most common reasons resulting in orthopedic presentations of adolescent elite athletes. Mostly, the lower extremity and the spine are affected, while sex and age characteristics on affected area and structure must be considered. Therefore, prevention strategies addressing the injury-event profiles should already be implemented in early adolescence taking age, sex as well as injury entity into account. KW - overuse injuries KW - epidemiology KW - complaints KW - symptoms KW - risk factors KW - sports Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00544 SN - 1664-042X VL - 10 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schuster, Isabell A1 - Krahe, Barbara T1 - Predictors of sexual aggression perpetration among male and female college students BT - Cross-Cultural Evidence From Chile and Turkey JF - Sexual abuse : official journal of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers (ATSA) N2 - This two-wave longitudinal study examined risky sexual scripts and sexual behavior regarding consensual sexual interactions, sexual self-esteem, initiation assertiveness, and religiosity as predictors of sexual aggression perpetration in a cross-cultural comparison of college students in Chile and Turkey. As predicted, risky sexual scripts were linked to higher odds of perpetration through more risky sexual behavior cross-sectionally in both the Chilean and the Turkish sample and indirectly predicted perpetration 12 months later. High sexual self-esteem increased the likelihood of perpetration via higher initiation assertiveness in the Turkish sample only. High religiosity reduced the odds of perpetration through less risky sexual scripts and less risky sexual behavior in both samples. In addition, high religiosity increased the probability of perpetration through lower sexual self-esteem in the Turkish sample. Implications of these findings and the role of cultural factors contributing to the differential functioning of religiosity and sexual self-esteem are discussed. KW - sexual aggression perpetration KW - risk factors KW - sexual scripts KW - Chile KW - Turkey Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063218793632 SN - 1079-0632 SN - 1573-286X VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 318 EP - 343 PB - Sage CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias T1 - Resilienz und Ressourcen im Verlauf der Entwicklung T1 - Resilience and Resources During Development BT - Von der frühen Kindheit bis zum Erwachsenenalter BT - From Early Childhood to Adulthood JF - Kindheit und Entwicklung N2 - Anhand von Daten der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie, die sich mit der langfristigen Entwicklung von Kindern mit unterschiedlichen Risikobelastungen beschäftigt, wird gezeigt, wie Schutzfaktoren aufseiten des Kindes und seines familiären Umfelds im Verlauf der Entwicklung wirksam werden und zur Entstehung von Resilienz beitragen können. Eine besondere Rolle kommt dabei positiven frühen Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen zu (sowohl Mutter- als auch Vater-Kind-Interaktionen). Daneben spielen auch Interaktionserfahrungen im Alter von zwei Jahren des Kindes eine bedeutsame Rolle; diese schützen Risikokinder davor, eine ungünstige Entwicklung zu nehmen und tragen dazu bei, dass sich Kinder, die in psychosozialen Hochrisikofamilien aufwachsen, trotz ungünstiger „Startbedingungen“ positiv entwickeln. Neben Merkmalen der sozialen Umwelt nehmen auch sprachliche, sozial-emotionale und internale Kompetenzen des Kindes im Entwicklungsverlauf eine wichtige Rolle ein. Diese Kompetenzen ermöglichen es Risikokindern auch unter widrigen Lebensumständen (psychosoziale Hochrisikofamilien, Aufwachsen in Armutsverhältnissen) erfolgreich zu bestehen. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Arbeit, dass Resilienz ein Persönlichkeitsmerkmal ist, das ab dem frühen Erwachsenenalter eine hohe Stabilität besitzt. Mit diesen Befunden verweist die Arbeit auf die große Bedeutung der Resilienz bei der Vorhersage der langfristigen Entwicklung von Risikokindern. N2 - Resilience refers to the ability to successfully deal with stressful life circumstances and experiences and to cope with them. Based on data from the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, which follows a sample of children at risk from birth to adulthood, the present paper provides convincing evidence demonstrating how protective factors in the child and his/her family environment operate during the course of development to contribute to the development of resilience. As shown, a major role is assigned to positive early parent–child relationships (both mother– and father–child interactions). Moreover, positive interactive experiences at the child’s age of 2 years play a significant role. These experiences consistently contribute to a positive child development in the face of adversity. In addition to characteristics of the social environment of the child, cognitive, social–emotional, and internal competencies during childhood, youth, and young adulthood play a major role in the development of resilience. These competencies enable children at risk who are growing up in psychosocial high-risk families or in poverty to successfully cope with conditions of high adversity. Moreover, the findings presented here demonstrate that resilience may be conceived as a personal characteristic that exhibits high stability since young adulthood. With these findings, the present study points to the significance of resilience in predicting the long-term outcome of children at risk. KW - protective factors KW - risk factors KW - longitudinal study KW - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk KW - early parent-child relationship KW - Schutzfaktoren KW - Risikofaktoren KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie KW - frühe Eltern-Kind-Beziehung Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000236 SN - 0942-5403 SN - 2190-6246 VL - 26 SP - 230 EP - 239 PB - Hogrefe CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Laucht, Manfred A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias T1 - Resilienz und Ressourcen im Verlauf der Entwicklung BT - von der frühen Kindheit bis zum Erwachsenenalter T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Anhand von Daten der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie, die sich mit der langfristigen Entwicklung von Kindern mit unterschiedlichen Risikobelastungen beschäftigt, wird gezeigt, wie Schutzfaktoren aufseiten des Kindes und seines familiären Umfelds im Verlauf der Entwicklung wirksam werden und zur Entstehung von Resilienz beitragen können. Eine besondere Rolle kommt dabei positiven frühen Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen zu (sowohl Mutter- als auch Vater-Kind-Interaktionen). Daneben spielen auch Interaktionserfahrungen im Alter von zwei Jahren des Kindes eine bedeutsame Rolle; diese schützen Risikokinder davor, eine ungünstige Entwicklung zu nehmen und tragen dazu bei, dass sich Kinder, die in psychosozialen Hochrisikofamilien aufwachsen, trotz ungünstiger „Startbedingungen“ positiv entwickeln. Neben Merkmalen der sozialen Umwelt nehmen auch sprachliche, sozial-emotionale und internale Kompetenzen des Kindes im Entwicklungsverlauf eine wichtige Rolle ein. Diese Kompetenzen ermöglichen es Risikokindern auch unter widrigen Lebensumständen (psychosoziale Hochrisikofamilien, Aufwachsen in Armutsverhältnissen) erfolgreich zu bestehen. Darüber hinaus zeigt die Arbeit, dass Resilienz ein Persönlichkeitsmerkmal ist, das ab dem frühen Erwachsenenalter eine hohe Stabilität besitzt. Mit diesen Befunden verweist die Arbeit auf die große Bedeutung der Resilienz bei der Vorhersage der langfristigen Entwicklung von Risikokindern. N2 - Resilience refers to the ability to successfully deal with stressful life circumstances and experiences and to cope with them. Based on data from the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, which follows a sample of children at risk from birth to adulthood, the present paper provides convincing evidence demonstrating how protective factors in the child and his/her family environment operate during the course of development to contribute to the development of resilience. As shown, a major role is assigned to positive early parent–child relationships (both mother– and father–child interactions). Moreover, positive interactive experiences at the child’s age of 2 years play a significant role. These experiences consistently contribute to a positive child development in the face of adversity. In addition to characteristics of the social environment of the child, cognitive, social–emotional, and internal competencies during childhood, youth, and young adulthood play a major role in the development of resilience. These competencies enable children at risk who are growing up in psychosocial high-risk families or in poverty to successfully cope with conditions of high adversity. Moreover, the findings presented here demonstrate that resilience may be conceived as a personal characteristic that exhibits high stability since young adulthood. With these findings, the present study points to the significance of resilience in predicting the long-term outcome of children at risk. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 608 KW - Schutzfaktoren KW - Risikofaktoren KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie KW - frühe Eltern-Kind-Beziehung KW - protective factors KW - risk factors KW - longitudinal study KW - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk KW - early parent-child relationship Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433072 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 608 SP - 230 EP - 239 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jacob, Louis A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Long-term use of benzodiazepines in older patients in Germany BT - a retrospective analysis JF - Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology N2 - Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of long-term benzodiazepine use in older adults treated in general and neuropsychiatric practices in Germany. Methods: This study included 32,182 patients over the age of 65 years who received benzodiazepine prescriptions for the first time between January 2010 and December 2014 in general and neuropsychiatric practices in Germany. Follow up lasted until July 2016. The main outcome measure was the proportion of patients treated with benzodiazepines for >6 months. Results: The proportion of patients with benzodiazepine therapy for >6 months increased with age (65-70 years: 12.3%; 71-80 years: 15.5%; 81-90 years: 23.7%; >90 years: 31.6%) but did not differ significantly between men (15.5%) and women (17.1%). The proportion of patients who received benzodiazepines for >6 months was higher among those with sleep disorders (21.1%), depression (20.8%) and dementia (32.1%) than among those with anxiety (15.5%). By contrast, this proportion was lower among people diagnosed with adjustment disorders (7.7%) and back pain (3.8%). Conclusion: Overall, long-term use of benzodiazepines is common in older people, particularly in patients over the age of 80 and in those diagnosed with dementia, sleep disorders, or depression. KW - benzodiazepines KW - Germany KW - long-term use KW - older people KW - risk factors Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/2045125317696454 SN - 2045-1253 SN - 2045-1261 VL - 7 IS - 6/7 SP - 191 EP - 200 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Jacob, Louis A1 - Schaum, Peter A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Hip fracture risk in patients with dementia in German primary care practices JF - Dementia N2 - The aim was to analyze the risk of hip fracture in German primary care patients with dementia. This study included patients aged 65-90 from 1072 primary care practices who were first diagnosed with dementia between 2010 and 2013. Controls were matched (1:1) to cases for age, sex, and type of health insurance. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of hip fracture during the three-year follow-up period. A total of 53,156 dementia patients and 53,156 controls were included. A total of 5.3% of patients and 0.7% of controls displayed hip fracture after three years. Hip fracture occurred more frequently in dementia subjects living in nursing homes than in those living at home (9.2% versus 4.3%). Dementia, residence in nursing homes, and osteoporosis were risk factors for fracture development. Antidementia, antipsychotic, and antidepressant drugs generally had no significant impact on hip fracture risk when prescribed for less than six months. Dementia increased hip fracture risk in German primary care practices. KW - hip fracture KW - dementia KW - nursing homes KW - osteoporosis KW - risk factors Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301215621854 SN - 1471-3012 SN - 1741-2684 VL - 16 SP - 853 EP - 864 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Jacob, Louis A1 - Schaum, Peter A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Hip fracture risk in patients with dementia in German primary care practices T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The aim was to analyze the risk of hip fracture in German primary care patients with dementia. This study included patients aged 65-90 from 1072 primary care practices who were first diagnosed with dementia between 2010 and 2013. Controls were matched (1:1) to cases for age, sex, and type of health insurance. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of hip fracture during the three-year follow-up period. A total of 53,156 dementia patients and 53,156 controls were included. A total of 5.3% of patients and 0.7% of controls displayed hip fracture after three years. Hip fracture occurred more frequently in dementia subjects living in nursing homes than in those living at home (9.2% versus 4.3%). Dementia, residence in nursing homes, and osteoporosis were risk factors for fracture development. Antidementia, antipsychotic, and antidepressant drugs generally had no significant impact on hip fracture risk when prescribed for less than six months. Dementia increased hip fracture risk in German primary care practices. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 395 KW - hip fracture KW - dementia KW - nursing homes KW - osteoporosis KW - risk factors Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-404526 IS - 395 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Konrad, Marcel A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Depression risk in patients with heart failure in primary care practices in Germany JF - International psychogeriatrics N2 - Background: The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for diagnosed depression in heart failure (HF) patients in German primary care practices. Methods: This study was a retrospective database analysis in Germany utilizing the Disease Analyzer (R) Database (IMS Health, Germany). The study population included 132,994 patients between 40 and 90 years of age from 1,072 primary care practices. The observation period was between 2004 and 2013. Follow-up lasted up to five years and ended in April 2015. A total of 66,497 HF patients were selected after applying exclusion criteria. The same number of 66,497 controls were chosen and were matched (1:1) to HF patients on the basis of age, sex, health insurance, depression diagnosis in the past, and follow-up duration after index date. Results: HF was a strong risk factor for diagnosed depression (p < 0.0001). A total of 10.5% of HF patients and 6.3% of matched controls developed depression after one year of follow-up (p < 0.001). Depression was documented in 28.9% of the HF group and 18.2% of the control group after the five-year follow-up (p < 0.001). Cancer, dementia, osteoporosis, stroke, and osteoarthritis were associated with a higher risk of developing depression. Male gender and private health insurance were associated with lower risk of depression. Conclusions: The risk of diagnosed depression is significantly increased in patients with HF compared to patients without HF in primary care practices in Germany. KW - depression KW - primary care KW - risk factors KW - antidepressants Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216000867 SN - 1041-6102 SN - 1741-203X VL - 28 SP - 1889 EP - 1894 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Booker, Anke A1 - Jacob, Louis E. C. A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Risk factors for dementia diagnosis in German primary care practices JF - International psychogeriatrics N2 - Background: Dementia is a psychiatric condition the development of which is associated with numerous aspects of life. Our aim was to estimate dementia risk factors in German primary care patients. Methods: The case-control study included primary care patients (70-90 years) with first diagnosis of dementia (all-cause) during the index period (01/2010-12/2014) (Disease Analyzer, Germany), and controls without dementia matched (1:1) to cases on the basis of age, sex, type of health insurance, and physician. Practice visit records were used to verify that there had been 10 years of continuous follow-up prior to the index date. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with dementia as a dependent variable and the potential predictors. Conclusions: Risk factors for dementia found in this study are consistent with the literature. Nevertheless, the associations between statin, PPI and antihypertensive drug use, and decreased risk of dementia need further investigations. KW - dementia KW - Alzheimer KW - risk factors KW - statins Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610215002082 SN - 1041-6102 SN - 1741-203X VL - 28 SP - 1059 EP - 1065 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Booker, Anke A1 - Jacob, Louis E. C. A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Risk factors for dementia diagnosis in German primary care practices T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background: Dementia is a psychiatric condition the development of which is associated with numerous aspects of life. Our aim was to estimate dementia risk factors in German primary care patients. Methods: The case-control study included primary care patients (70-90 years) with first diagnosis of dementia (all-cause) during the index period (01/2010-12/2014) (Disease Analyzer, Germany), and controls without dementia matched (1:1) to cases on the basis of age, sex, type of health insurance, and physician. Practice visit records were used to verify that there had been 10 years of continuous follow-up prior to the index date. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with dementia as a dependent variable and the potential predictors. Results: The mean age for the 11,956 cases and the 11,956 controls was 80.4 (SD: 5.3) years. 39.0% of them were male and 1.9% had private health insurance. In the multivariate regression model, the following variables were linked to a significant extent with an increased risk of dementia: diabetes (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.10-1.24), lipid metabolism (1.07; 1.00-1.14), stroke incl. TIA (1.68; 1.57-1.80), Parkinson's disease (PD) (1.89; 1.64-2.19), intracranial injury (1.30; 1.00-1.70), coronary heart disease (1.06; 1.00-1.13), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (2.12; 1.82-2.48), mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol use (1.96; 1.50-2.57). The use of statins (OR: 0.94; 0.90-0.99), proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) (0.93; 0.90-0.97), and antihypertensive drugs (0.96, 0.94-0.99) were associated with a decreased risk of developing dementia. Conclusions: Risk factors for dementia found in this study are consistent with the literature. Nevertheless, the associations between statin, PPI and antihypertensive drug use, and decreased risk of dementia need further investigations. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 449 KW - dementia KW - Alzheimer KW - risk factors KW - statins Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-413441 IS - 449 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Konrad, Marcel A1 - Bohlken, Jens A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Kostev, Karel T1 - Depression risk in patients with heart failure in primary care practices in Germany T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background: The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for diagnosed depression in heart failure (HF) patients in German primary care practices. Methods: This study was a retrospective database analysis in Germany utilizing the Disease Analyzer (R) Database (IMS Health, Germany). The study population included 132,994 patients between 40 and 90 years of age from 1,072 primary care practices. The observation period was between 2004 and 2013. Follow-up lasted up to five years and ended in April 2015. A total of 66,497 HF patients were selected after applying exclusion criteria. The same number of 66,497 controls were chosen and were matched (1:1) to HF patients on the basis of age, sex, health insurance, depression diagnosis in the past, and follow-up duration after index date. Results: HF was a strong risk factor for diagnosed depression (p < 0.0001). A total of 10.5% of HF patients and 6.3% of matched controls developed depression after one year of follow-up (p < 0.001). Depression was documented in 28.9% of the HF group and 18.2% of the control group after the five-year follow-up (p < 0.001). Cancer, dementia, osteoporosis, stroke, and osteoarthritis were associated with a higher risk of developing depression. Male gender and private health insurance were associated with lower risk of depression. Conclusions: The risk of diagnosed depression is significantly increased in patients with HF compared to patients without HF in primary care practices in Germany. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 458 KW - depression KW - primary care KW - risk factors KW - antidepressants Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-414159 IS - 458 ER - TY - THES A1 - Wang, Victor-C. T1 - Injury and illness risk factors for elite athletes in training environment T1 - Verletzung und Krankheit Risikofaktoren für Elite-Athleten im Trainingsumfeld BT - a comparison between Germany and Taiwan BT - ein Vergleich zwischen Deutschland und Taiwan N2 - Since 1998, elite athletes’ sport injuries have been monitored in single sport event, which leads to the development of first comprehensive injury surveillance system in multi-sport Olympic Games in 2008. However, injury and illness occurred in training phases have not been systematically studied due to its multi-facets, potentially interactive risk related factors. The present thesis aim to address issues of feasibility of establishing a validated measure for injury/illness, training environment and psychosocial risk factors by creating the evaluation tool namely risk of injury questionnaire (Risk-IQ) for elite athletes, which based on IOC consensus statement 2009 recommended content of preparticipation evaluation(PPE) and periodic health exam (PHE). A total of 335 top level athletes and a total of 88 medical care providers from Germany and Taiwan participated in tow “cross-sectional plus longitudinal” Risk-IQ and MCPQ surveys respectively. Four categories of injury/illness related risk factors questions were asked in Risk-IQ for athletes while injury risk and psychological related questions were asked in MCPQ for MCP cohorts. Answers were quantified scales wise/subscales wise before analyzed with other factors/scales. In addition, adapted variables such as sport format were introduced for difference task of analysis. Validated with 2-wyas translation and test-retest reliabilities, the Risk-IQ was proved to be in good standard which were further confirmed by analyzed results from official surveys in both Germany and Taiwan. The result of Risk-IQ revealed that elite athletes’ accumulated total injuries, in general, were multi-factor dependent; influencing factors including but not limited to background experiences, medical history, PHE and PPE medical resources as well as stress from life events. Injuries of different body parts were sport format and location specific. Additionally, medical support of PPE and PHE indicated significant difference between German and Taiwan. The result of the present thesis confirmed that it is feasible to construct a comprehensive evalua-tion instrument for heterogeneous elite athletes cohorts’ risk factor analysis for injury/illness oc-curred during their non-competition periods. In average and with many moderators involved, Ger-man elite athletes have superior medical care support yet suffered more severe injuries than Tai-wanese counterparts. Opinions of injury related psychological issues reflected differently on vari-ous MCP groups irrespective of different nationalities. In general, influencing factors and interac-tions existed among relevant factors in both studies which implied further investigation with multiple regression analysis is needed for better understanding. N2 - Seit 1998 werden Sportverletzungen von Elitesportlern in Einzeldisziplinen untersucht und überwacht. Daraus entwickelte sich das erste Überwachungssystem von Sportverletzungen für verschiedene Sportdisziplinen, das zum ersten Mal 2008 bei den Olympischen Spielen zum Einsatz kam. Verletzungen und Krankheiten, die aus dem Training resultieren können, wurden bisher noch nicht systematisch beschrieben, da die potentiellen Verletzungsfaktoren vielfältig sein können. Die vorliegende Dissertation hat zum Ziel, Fragen der Zweckmäßigkeit einer validierten Maßnahme zum Verletzungsrisiko und den damit verbundenen psychosozialen Faktoren zu untersuchen. Ausgangspunkt für die Untersuchung ist das IOC consensus statement aus dem Jahr 2009 mit den beiden Bereichen PPE und PHE. 335 Elitesportler und 88 sportmedizinische Versorger aus Deutschland und Taiwan nahmen (zwischen Oktober 2013 und Februar 2014) an einer Querschnitts- und Längsstudie (Risk-IQ und MCPQ) teil. In der Risk-IQ-Umfrage unter den Elitesportlern wurden Fragen zu vier Kategorien von Verletzungsfaktoren gestellt. Die sportmedizinischen Versorger beantworteten Fragen zu Verletzungsrisiken und psychologische Fragen. Die Antworten wurden in Skalen und Unterskalen quantifiziert, bevor sie mit anderen Faktoren analysiert wurden. Darüber hinaus wurden angepasste Variablen wie zum Beispiel das Sportformat eingeführt. Im Vorfeld der Studie wurden die Übersetzungen der Umfragefragen validiert und Reliabilitäts-Test und Retests durchgeführt, bevor die Umfragen in Deutschland und Taiwan durchgeführt wurden. Das Ergebnis der Umfrage unter den Elitesportlern zeigt, dass die Sportverletzungen im Allgemeinen von verschiedenen Faktoren abhängig sind: Trainingserfahrungen, Leistungsniveau, medizinische Vorgeschichte, PHE und PPE Ressourcen sowie von psychosozialem Stress, der durch bestimmte Erlebnisse oder Schicksalsschläge ausgelöst werden kann. Die Art der Verletzungen werden durch die Sportart und den Trainingsort beeinflusst. Auch die medizinische Versorgung im Rahmen der PPE und PHE ist signifikant verschieden zwischen Deutschland und Taiwan. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass es anhand eines umfassenden Erhebungsinstruments möglich ist, Verletzungsfaktoren für Elite-Athleten zu identifizieren. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass deutsche Elitesportler eine bessere medizinische Versorgung genießen als taiwanische Elitesportler. Allerdings sind sie auch von schwereren Verletzungen betroffen. Die Antworten zu den psychosozialen Einflussfaktoren gehen auseinander und lassen sich nicht auf Sportler einer Nationalität beschränken. KW - injury and illness KW - risk factors KW - elite athlete KW - sport training KW - Germany KW - Taiwan KW - Risikofaktoren KW - Verletzung KW - Elite-Athleten KW - Deutschland KW - Taiwan KW - injury surveillance KW - multi-sports KW - IOC KW - Olympic Games KW - national Olympic committees (NOCs) KW - international sport federations (IFs) KW - international competition participation KW - training phases KW - interaction KW - feasibility KW - validated measure KW - training environment KW - psychosocial KW - evaluation tool KW - sport injury KW - questionnaire KW - Risk-IQ KW - IOC consensus statement 2009 KW - pre-participation evaluation (PPE) KW - periodic health exam (PHE) KW - medical care providers (MCP) KW - medical care providers questionnaire (MCPQ) KW - cross-sectional KW - longitudinal KW - intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) KW - factor analysis KW - scales KW - sport format KW - sport location KW - 2-wyas translation KW - forward and backward translation KW - test-retest reliabilities KW - multi-factor KW - medical history KW - medical resources KW - stress KW - inventory of life events (ILE) KW - perceived stress scale (PSS) KW - overtraining syndrome KW - body parts KW - medical education KW - medical support KW - comprehensive evaluation instrument KW - heterogeneous cohorts KW - non-competition periods KW - moderators KW - severe injury KW - opinions KW - nationalities KW - interactions KW - multiple logistic regression KW - Colorado injury report system (CIRS) KW - sport injury risk factors model KW - TRIPP model KW - stress and injury model KW - Bland and Altman plot Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100925 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krahé, Barbara A1 - Vanwesenbeeck, Ine T1 - Mapping an agenda for the study of youth sexual aggression in Europe: assessment, principles of good practice, and the multilevel analysis of risk factors JF - Journal of sexual aggression N2 - Sexual aggression is a serious threat to young people's sexual health in Europe, but establishing the exact scale of the problem has been hampered by a variety of conceptual and methodological problems. This article presents a framework for studying youth sexual aggression that addresses both prevalence and risk factors of victimisation and perpetration. It proposes a research tool to comprehensively assess the perpetration of, and victimisation by, sexual aggression that captures different coercive strategies, sexual acts, victim–perpetrator relations, and gender constellations. The instrument is rooted in a clear conceptual definition of sexual aggression and was pilot-tested in 10 countries of the European Union (EU). Furthermore, a list of good practice criteria is proposed to promote the quality and comparability of research on youth sexual aggression in Europe. A multilevel approach combining individual-level and country-level predictors of sexual aggression is outlined and illustrated with data from the pilot study in 10 countries. KW - Sexual aggression KW - sexual victimisation KW - youth KW - measurement KW - risk factors KW - Europe Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2015.1066885 SN - 1355-2600 SN - 1742-6545 VL - 22 SP - 161 EP - 174 PB - Karger CY - Abingdon ER -