TY - JOUR A1 - Küster, H. A1 - Pötsch, Joachim T1 - Ökosystemwandel in Flußlandschaften Norddeutschlands Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - THES A1 - Grochowska, Marta T1 - Ökonomische, soziale und räumliche Folgen der saisonalen Arbeitsmigration im Herkunftsgebiet : am Beispiel der Region Konin (Polen) T1 - Economic, social and spatial consequences of seasonal migration in the place of origin – case study : Konin (Poland) N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit basiert auf Forschungen in den Jahren 2007-2009. Sie betrachtet die saisonale Arbeitsmigration aus der polnischen Region Konin, wo die Arbeitsmigration aus ökonomischen Gründen, wie auch in ähnlich strukturierten Gebieten Polens, eine lange Tradition hat, die bis ins 19. Jahrhundert zurückgeht. Sie wird die saisonale Migration ins Ausland mit den ökonomischen, sozialen und räumlichen Auswirkungen aus der Perspektive des Einzelnen und seiner unmittelbaren Umgebung, aber auch der Gesellschaft und Herkunftsgebiet der Migranten betrachtet. N2 - Mobility for economic reasons is treated in science primarily from the perspective of permanent resettlement. However, other varieties of migration are more and more often studied. This paper deals with the seasonal migration for economic reasons, which is an important area of migration undertaken for economic reasons. Seasonal migration, which leads to crossing the country borders, in the literature is called the Transnational Migration. Unlike international migration, which is usually connected with a permanent settling in the target area, the concept of Transnational migration describes the situation, in which migrants return to their place of origin and do not give it up as their main residence, but every time they travel to another country to get employed. As a research area of this work, the Konin region was chosen, because - in comparison with other regions in Poland - the phenomenon of a very high level of seasonal migration was observed there. Seasonal labor migration is a long tradition that goes back to 19. century here and in other Polish regions with similar structure. From the results of conducted in 2007−2009 research, some general facts can be drawn. Due to the seasonal work abroad, a seasonal migrant can increase their and their family’s standard of living. If the cost of living in the place of seasonal work is higher than in the place of origin, the profit of such visits is obviously higher if the family of a seasonal worker remains in the place of origin. This leads to the geographic division bet389 ween the place of working and place of permanent residence. Higher wages can be determined at the level of benefits to both personal and societal level. On the other hand, both forprofit workers and society in dealing with this phenomenon, costs cannot be ignored. This paper considers the pros and cons of seasonal paid work, both from the perspective of individuals and their surroundings, and the consequences for society and region of origin of the employee. This paper is considering economic, social and spatial consequences, each time at the macro and micro levels. The study was based primarily on interviews with several respondents and experts in the subject of Polish and German migrations for profit. T3 - Potsdamer Geographische Forschungen - 29 KW - saisonale Arbeitsmigration KW - transnationale Migration KW - Transnationalismus KW - Polen KW - Region Konin KW - Sachsengängerei KW - seasonal labor migration KW - transnational migration KW - transnationalism KW - Poland KW - Konin region KW - Sachsengängerei Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-49649 SN - 978-3-86956-137-0 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wallschläger, Hans-Dieter T1 - Ökofaunistische Untersuchungen in der Döberitzer Heide Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beier, Wolfgang A1 - Heinrichsen, Arne A1 - Klatt, Raimund T1 - Ökofaunistische Untersuchungen auf ausgewählten Truppenübungsplätzen Brandenburgs Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kienzler, Sarah A1 - Falter, Daniela A1 - Thieken, Annegret T1 - Zusammenwirken von staatlicher und privater Vorsorge BT - Fallstudie Mulde JF - Das Hochwasser im Juni 2013 : Bewährungsprobe für das Hochwasserrisikomanagement in Deutschland Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-3-933181-62-6 SP - 110 EP - 120 PB - Deutsches Komitee Katastrophenvorsorge CY - Bonn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneider, Ingo T1 - Zusammensetzung der Mikrobionta auf Rieselfelderböden Y1 - 1992 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wallschläger, Hans-Dieter T1 - Zur Variabilität instrumentaler und vokaler Lautäußerungen einheimischer Spechte Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rutschke, Erich T1 - Zur Umsetzung der Ramsarkonvention in Deutschland und der Situation in deutschen Ramsargebieten Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Grund, Volker T1 - Zur Theorie der Multipole und ihre Anwendung bei der Schwerefeldberechnung Y1 - 2004 UR - http://www.gfz-potsdam.de/bib/pub/str0414/0414.pdf UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b103-04146 PB - GeoForschungsZentrum CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Erlacher, S.-I. A1 - Trusch, Robert T1 - Zur Taxonomie und Phylogenie des Geometridentaxon Syscia Hübner, [1825] (Insecta: Lepidoptera) Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rutschke, Erich A1 - Naacke, Johannes T1 - Zur Situation der Wildgänse in Ostdeutschland : Bestandsentwicklung seit 1990 ; Bestand 1994/95 ; Probleme. Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knösche, Rüdiger T1 - Zur Rolle der Sedimente in verschiedenen Gewässern der Unteren Havel Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Naacke, Johannes T1 - Zur Rolle der Jagd in RAMSAR-Gebieten Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Erlacher, S.-I. A1 - Trusch, Robert T1 - Zur Phylogenie und Verbreitung der Arten der Dyscia-conspersaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller] 1775)-Gruppe (= Dyscia s.str.) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burkart, Michael A1 - Prasse, Rüdiger T1 - Zur pflanzlichen Besiedlung wechselnasser Pionierstandorte im Elbhavelwinkel Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schulz, R. A1 - Mühle, Ralf-Udo A1 - Wilke, Thomas T1 - Zur Odonatenfauna des einstweilig gesicherten Teichgebietes Lakoma Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stein, Eckehard A1 - Altenberger, Uwe A1 - Kreher, Birgit T1 - Zur Geologie des kristallinen Odenwaldes : seine magmatische und metamorphe Entwicklung Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - THES A1 - Althaus, Tilmann T1 - Zur Geochemie der Edelgase ultramafischer Mantelxenolithe und Alkalibasalte der Persani-Berge, Transsilvanien, Rumänien Y1 - 1999 CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Burkart, Michael A1 - Pötsch, Joachim T1 - Zur floristischen Gliederung und Syntaxonomie der Brenndoldenwiesen in der Unteren Havelaue Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gelbrecht, Jörg A1 - Rödel, Ingolf A1 - Trusch, Robert T1 - Zur Faunistik und Ökologie der Schmetterlinge in der Mark Brandenburg, VX : aktuelle Verbreitung und ökologische Ansprüche von Scotopteryx coarctaria ([DENIS & Schiffermüller] 1775) in der Mark Brandenburg und den südlich angrenzenden Gebieten Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gelbrecht, Jörg A1 - Sbieschnie, H. A1 - Rödel, Ingolf A1 - Trusch, Robert T1 - Zur Faunistik und Ökologie der Schmetterlinge in der Mark Brandenburg, VIII : Aktuelle Verbreitung und ökologische Ansprüche von Selidosema brunnearia (VILLERS, 1789) in der Mark Brandenburg und in der angrenzenden Oberlausitz (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rödel, Ingolf A1 - Trusch, Robert T1 - Zur Biologie, Ökologie und Verbreitung von Biochroma famula (Esper, 1787) in Deutschland (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rutschke, Erich T1 - Zur Bedeutung von Rast-und Sammelplätzen für Verhalten und Schutz von Wasservögeln nach Untersuchungen an Graugänsen Y1 - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ellmann, H. A1 - Knösche, Rüdiger A1 - Rowinsky, V. A1 - Rutter, S. T1 - Zum ökologischen Zustand des Schollener Sees Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wallschläger, Hans-Dieter A1 - Brehme, Angelika T1 - Zum Verhalten von Kolkraben (Corvus corax) in Mutterkuh-Herden Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rutschke, Erich T1 - Zum Problem der Artreinheit bei der Stockente Anas plathyrhynchos Y1 - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rutschke, Erich T1 - Zum Problem der Artreinheit bei der Stockente Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rutschke, Erich T1 - Zum Management von Ramsargebieten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Jagd Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paasche, Hendrik A1 - Tronicke, Jens A1 - Dietrich, Peter T1 - Zonal cooperative inversion of partially co-located data sets constrained by structural a priori information JF - Near surface geophysics N2 - In many near-surface geophysical studies it is now common practice to collect co-located disparate geophysical data sets to explore subsurface structures. Reconstruction of physical parameter distributions underlying the available geophysical data sets usually requires the use of tomographic reconstruction techniques. To improve the quality of the obtained models, the information content of all data sets should be considered during the model generation process, e.g., by employing joint or cooperative inversion approaches. Here, we extend the zonal cooperative inversion methodology based on fuzzy c-means cluster analysis and conventional single-input data set inversion algorithms for the cooperative inversion of data sets with partially co-located model areas. This is done by considering recent developments in fuzzy c-means cluster analysis. Additionally, we show how supplementary a priori information can be incorporated in an automated fashion into the zonal cooperative inversion approach to further constrain the inversion. The only requirement is that this a priori information can be expressed numerically; e.g., by physical parameters or indicator variables. We demonstrate the applicability of the modified zonal cooperative inversion approach using synthetic and field data examples. In these examples, we cooperatively invert S- and P-wave traveltime data sets with partially co-located model areas using water saturation information expressed by indicator variables as additional a priori information. The approach results in a zoned multi-parameter model, which is consistent with all available information given to the zonal cooperative inversion and outlines the major subsurface units. In our field example, we further compare the obtained zonal model to sparsely available borehole and direct-push logs. This comparison provides further confidence in our zonal cooperative inversion model because the borehole and direct-push logs indicate a similar zonation. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2011033 SN - 1569-4445 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 103 EP - 116 PB - European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers CY - Houten ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kröner, Alfred A1 - Wilde, Simon A. A1 - Zhao, Guochun A1 - O'Brien, Patrick J. A1 - Sun, Min A1 - Liu, Dun Yi A1 - Wan, Yusheng A1 - Liu, S. W. A1 - Guo, Jianbin H. T1 - Zircon geochronology and metamorphic evolution of mafic dykes in the Hengshan Complex of northern China: Evidence for late Palaeoproterozoic extension and subsequent high-pressure metamorphism in the North China Craton N2 - Magmatic and metamorphic zircons have been dated from ductilely deformed gabbroic dykes defining a dyke swarm and signifying crustal extension in the northern part of the Hengshan Complex of the North China Craton, These dykes now occur as boudins and deformed sheets within migmatitic tonalitic, trondhjemitic, granodioritic and granitic gneisses and are conspicuous due to relics of high-pressure granulite or even former eclogite facies garnet + pyroxene-bearing assemblages. SHRIMP ages for magmatic zircons from two dykes reflect the time of dyke emplacement at similar to 1915 Ma, whereas metamorphic zircons dated by both SHRIMP and evaporation techniques are consistently in the range 1848-1888 Ma. The Youngest granitoid gneiss yet dated in the Hengshan has an emplacement age of 18 2 17 Ma. These results complement recent geochronological studies from the neighbouring Wutai and Fuping Complexes, to the SE of the Hengshan, showing that a crustal extension event Occurred in the late Palaeoproterozoic. This preceded a major high-pressure collision- type metamorphic event in the central part of the North China Craton that occurred in the Palaeoproterozoic and not in the late Archaean as previously thought. Our data support recent suggestions that the North China Craton experienced a major, craton-wide orogenic event in the late Palaeoproterozoic after which it became cratonized and acted as a stable block. Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2006.01.008 SN - 0301-9268 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kröner, A. A1 - Alexeiev, D. V. A1 - Kovach, V. P. A1 - Rojas-Agramonte, Y. A1 - Tretyakov, A. A. A1 - Mikolaichuk, A. V. A1 - Xie, H. A1 - Sobel, Edward T1 - Zircon ages, geochemistry and Nd isotopic systematics for the Palaeoproterozoic 2.3-1.8 Ga Kuilyu Complex, East Kyrgyzstan BT - the oldest continental basement fragment in the Tianshan orogenic belt JF - Journal of Asian earth sciences N2 - Precambrian microcontinents represent key tectonic units in the accretionary collages of the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), and their geological history is reasonably well established since the Mesoproterozoic but remains weakly constrained for older epochs due to a scarcity of exposed Palaeoproterozoic and Archaean rocks. Early Precambrian rocks were previously reported from several metamorphic complexes in the Kyrgyz Tianshan orogenic belt, mainly based on multigrain conventional zircon dating, but the present study only confirmed such rocks at one site, namely in the Kuilyu Complex of eastern Kyrgyzstan. New single grain SHRIMP II zircon ages, geochemical data, and whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions for granitoid gneisses of the Kuilyu Complex elucidate the age, origin and tectonic settings of this oldest continental fragment in the Tianshan. The Kuilyu Complex is part of the basement in the Ishim - Middle Tianshan microcontinent. It consist of a strongly deformed and metamorphosed supracrustal assemblage of paragneisses and schists which are tectonically interlayered with amphibolites, migmatites and granitoid gneisses. Our zircon dating indicates that the Kuilyu Complex contains two suites of Palaeoproterozoic granitoid gneisses with magmatic protolith ages of ca. 2.32-2.33 Ga and 1.85 Ga. Granitoid magmatism at 1.85 Ga was almost immediately followed by amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca 1.83 Ga, evidenced by growth of metamorphic zircon rims. The older, ca 2.3 Ga granitoid gneisses chemically correspond to calc-alkaline, metaluminous, I-type magnesian quartz diorite and granodiorite. The protolith of the younger, ca. 1.85 Ga granite-gneiss is an alkalic-calcic, metaluminous to peraluminous, ferroan medium-grained porphyric granite with chemical features resembling A-type granites. The 2.3 Ga and 1.85 Ga granitoid gneisses have slightly to distinctly negative initial epsilon(Nd) values of -1.2 and -6.6, and similar depleted mantle Nd model ages of 2.7-2.6 Ga, which imply melting of Neoarchaean continental crust. The zircon age patterns of the Kuilyu Complex resemble those of exposed rocks in the Tarim Craton, where episodes of granitoid magmatism at ca. 2.3-2.4 and 1.85 Ga, followed by amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca 1.85 Ga, are also recorded. Similarities in the early Precambrian magmatic and metamorphic episodes as well as similar histories during the Neoproterozoic and early Palaeozoic suggest that the Ishim-Middle Tianshan microcontinent was rifted off the Tarim Craton. Similar age patterns also suggest possible tectonic links of the Kuilyu and Tarim continental blocks with the Baidrag Block of central Mongolia. In contrast, substantial differences in age and Precambrian evolution between the Anrakhai block of southern Kazakhstan and the Kuilyu Complex argue against a previous connection and suggest the former to represent an independent continental terrane. Current data show that early Precambrian rocks in the western CAOB outside Tarim only occur at two sites, namely in the Anrakhai Complex of southern Kazakhstan and in the Kuilyu Complex of eastern Kyrgyzstan. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Kuilyu Complex KW - Zircon dating KW - Microcontinent KW - CAOB KW - Middle Tianshan KW - Kyrgyzstan Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.12.022 SN - 1367-9120 SN - 1878-5786 VL - 135 SP - 122 EP - 135 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kröner, Alfred A1 - O'Brien, Patrick J. A1 - Nemchin, A. A. A1 - Pidgeon, R. T. T1 - Zircon ages for high pressure granulites from South Bohemia, Czech Republic, and their connection to Carboniferous high temperature processes Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scherbaum, Frank T1 - Zero Phase FIR filters in digital seismic acquisition systems : blessing or curse Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuntke, M. T1 - Zeitbudgets von Kormoranen (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) bezüglich der Nahrungsversorgung der Jungvögel Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilke, Max A1 - Partzsch, G. M. A1 - Farges, Francois T1 - XAFS of iron in silicate melt at high temperature Y1 - 2004 SN - 0024-4937 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ketenoglu, Didem A1 - Spiekermann, Georg A1 - Harder, Manuel A1 - Oz, Erdinc A1 - Koz, Cevriye A1 - Yagci, Mehmet C. A1 - Yilmaz, Eda A1 - Yin, Zhong A1 - Sahle, Christoph J. A1 - Detlefs, Blanka A1 - Yavas, Hasan T1 - X-ray Raman spectroscopy of lithium-ion battery electrolyte solutions in a flow cell JF - Journal of synchrotron radiation N2 - The effects of varying LiPF6 salt concentration and the presence of lithium bis(oxalate)borate additive on the electronic structure of commonly used lithium-ion battery electrolyte solvents (ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate and propylene carbonate) have been investigated. X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy (a non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering method) was utilized together with a closed-circle flow cell. Carbon and oxygen K-edges provide characteristic information on the electronic structure of the electrolyte solutions, which are sensitive to local chemistry. Higher Li+ ion concentration in the solvent manifests itself as a blue-shift of both the pi* feature in the carbon edge and the carbonyl pi* feature in the oxygen edge. While these oxygen K-edge results agree with previous soft X-ray absorption studies on LiBF4 salt concentration in propylene carbonate, carbon K-edge spectra reveal a shift in energy, which can be explained with differing ionic conductivities of the electrolyte solutions. KW - non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering KW - lithium-ion battery electrolyte KW - C and O K-edge spectra Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577518001662 SN - 0909-0495 SN - 1600-5775 VL - 25 SP - 537 EP - 542 PB - International Union of Crystallography CY - Chester ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilke, Max T1 - X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Measurements JF - Magmas Under Pressure : Advances in High-Pressure Experiments on Structure and Properties of Melts N2 - An overview is given on the current state of X-ray absorption measurements on silicate melts and glasses. The challenges, limitations, and achievements of analyzing X-ray absorption spectra measured in liquids to determine structural properties of major and minor elements in magmas are described, with particular focus on describing non-Gaussian pair distribution functions in highly disordered glasses and melts, measured at in situ conditions. This includes a discussion on the progress of combining experiments with data from molecular dynamics simulations. For the measurements at conditions of the deep Earth, various experimental approaches and necessities are discussed and two examples are described in more detail. Finally, the achievements and prospects are presented for measuring X-ray absorption spectra indirectly by X-ray Raman scattering. Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-0-12-811274-8 SN - 978-0-12-811301-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811301-1.00006-X SP - 155 EP - 178 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ashastina, Kseniia A1 - Kuzmina, Svetlana A1 - Rudaya, Natalia A1 - Troeva, Elena A1 - Schoch, Werner H. A1 - Roemermann, Christine A1 - Reinecke, Jennifer A1 - Otte, Volker A1 - Savvinov, Grigoriy A1 - Wesche, Karsten A1 - Kienast, Frank T1 - Woodlands and steppes BT - Pleistocene vegetation in Yakutia's most continental part recorded in the Batagay permafrost sequence JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - Based on fossil organism remains including plant macrofossils, charcoal, pollen, and invertebrates preserved in syngenetic deposits of the Batagay permafrost sequence in the Siberian Yana Highlands, we reconstructed the environmental history during marine isotope stages (MIS) 6 to 2. Two fossil assemblages, exceptionally rich in plant remains, allowed for a detailed description of the palaeo-vegetation during two climate extremes of the Late Pleistocene, the onset of the last glacial maximum (LGM) and the last interglacial. In addition, altogether 41 assemblages were used to outline the vegetation history since the penultimate cold stage of MIS 6. Accordingly, meadow steppes analogue to modern communities of the phytosociological order Festucetalia lenensis formed the primary vegetation during the Saalian and Weichselian cold stages. Cold-resistant tundra-steppe communities (Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii) as they occur above the treeline today were, in contrast to more northern locations, mostly lacking. During the last interglacial, open coniferous woodland similar to modern larch taiga was the primary vegetation at the site. Abundant charcoal indicates wildfire events during the last interglacial. Zoogenic disturbances of the local vegetation were indicated by the presence of ruderal plants, especially by abundant Urtica dioica, suggesting that the area was an interglacial refugium for large herbivores. Meadow steppes, which formed the primary vegetation during cold stages and provided potentially suitable pastures for herbivores, were a significant constituent of the plant cover in the Yana Highlands also under the full warm stage conditions of the last interglacial. Consequently, meadow steppes occurred in the Yana Highlands during the entire investigated timespan from MIS 6 to MIS 2 documenting a remarkable environmental stability. Thus, the proportion of meadow steppe vegetation merely shifted in response to the respectively prevailing climatic conditions. Their persistence indicates low precipitation and a relatively warm growing season throughout and beyond the late Pleistocene. The studied fossil record also proves that modern steppe occurrences in the Yana Highlands did not establish as late as in the Holocene but instead are relicts of a formerly continuous steppe belt extending from Central Siberia to Northeast Yakutia during the Pleistocene. The persistence of plants and invertebrates characteristic of meadow steppe vegetation in interior Yakutia throughout the late Quaternary indicates climatic continuity and documents the suitability of this region as a refugium also for other organisms of the Pleistocene mammoth steppe including the iconic large herbivores. (C)2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Palaeo-vegetation KW - Plant macrofossils KW - Invertebrates KW - Modern analogues KW - Pollen KW - Ground squirrel nest KW - Last cold stage KW - Eemian KW - Beringia Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.032 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 196 SP - 38 EP - 61 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - THES A1 - Nada, Wael Mohamed Abdel-Rahman T1 - Wood compost process engineering, properties and its impact on extreme soil characteristics N2 - The landfilling of biodegradable waste is proven to contribute to environmental degradation. Much wood and lumber is discharged as waste from the cleared fields. These woody wastes are subsequently disposed of by burning. However, it would be preferable to dispose of them without combustion to avoid the release of carbon dioxide, one of the critical greenhouse gases. Instead of burning these woody wastes, we should recycle them as future resources. One solution to this problem is to make compost from the waste. Compost use in agriculture is increasing as both an alternative to landfilling for the management of biodegradable waste, as well as means of increasing or preserving soil organic matter. This research aimed to contribute to the identification of a system for managing the production and utilization of wood waste (Quercus rubra and Pinus sylvestris) compost for sustainable agriculture, with particular regards to carbon dioxide produced from both compost and combustion of wood. Compost of wood was implemented in two consecutive trials. The first was carried out in greenhouse experiment in 4 liter pot of Quercus rubra and Pinus sylvestris (QR and PS) moisted by compost and tap water and infected by tiger worm (Eisenia fetida, EF) and European night crawlers (Dendrobaena veneta, DV) at different mixed ratios with lake mud (LM). The second was conducted in greenhouse experiment in 40 liter pot of the successful wood and worm from the first compost trial (QR and EF respectively). The tested wood (QR) was mixed separately by lake mud and horse manure and irrigated by compost and tap water. The final product, successful wood compost (QR) produced from the first trial (4 liter pot) was utilized in different mixed ratios with coal mine tailings (tertiary sand) in greenhouse pot trial to study his effects on improving soil physical and chemical properties and some plant growth parameters of RSM 7.2.1 grass. The wood compost produced from the second compost experiment (40 liter pot) and other artificial component named Arkadolith® were used as soil amelioration in field experiments of different selected sites with extremely unsuitable characteristics (tertiary and quaternary sand in Lusatia lignite region, Germany). The soil in each site was sowed by RSM 7.2.1 and autochthonous grasses. Also, some vermicompost samples were selected to study its thermal stability which compared with a soil sample (Niedermoorgleys) by using thermogravimetric analysis technique. Further investigation was achieved to evaluate the effect of charcoal as a source of carbon on vermicompost stability. Moreover some selected vermicompost samples were used to examine its microstructure under scanning electron microscope which compared also with the same soil used in thermal analysis. The obtained results under all studied experiments can be arranged as follow: First compost trial, Cumulative amount of carbon dioxide produced during composting period was lower than that evolved by combustion of wood. The results showed composting of wood can reduce the emitted CO2 up to 50 % when compared with the amount of CO2 produced from combustion of wood. The effect of different studied factors on different studied parameters show that, QR wood compost have more responsive to decomposition processes and humification rate in comparison with PS wood compost. Under different infection worms, Eisenia fetida (EF) was better than Dendrobaena veneta (DV) in biodegradation rate. Compost water has had a better impact of tap water in all studied decomposition parameters. For example, The compost content of OM and total OC was decreased with the increase of the decomposition period in the treatments of compost water and EF worm, where this decrease was higher at mixed ratio of 1:3 (wood: mud, w/w). The total content of N in the final products takes reversible trend regarding to OM and C content. The high content of N was found in QR wood compost moisted by compost water and infected by EF worm. The content of both macro-and micro-nutrients was clearly positive affected by the studied factors. The content of these nutrients in QR wood compost was higher than that found in the compost of PS wood. Second compost trial, The observed data show that, the amount of CO2 produced by composting was lower than that evolved by combustion of wood. Composting of wood reduced CO2 emission up to 40 % of the combustion wood CO2. Cumulative amount of CO2 produced from wood compost treated by horse manure was higher than that fount in the other treated by LM. The compost of wood treated by horse manure has had a high decomposition rate in comparison with that treated by lake mud. The treatments left without worms during all composting period and moisted by compost water have a responsive effects but it was lower than that infected by worms. Total and available contents of N, P, K, Mg, Zn, and Cu in the compost treated by HM were higher than that found in compost treated by LM. The other nutrients (Ca, Fe, Cu, and Mn) take reversible trend, which it was higher in LM than HM treatments. Thermal and microstructure analysis, The selected vermicompost samples from both first and second compost experiments showed, up to 200° C temperature the mass loss was due to free water and bound water (It was in vermicompost samples higher than soil sample). Mass loss from 200 to 550° C is due to easily oxidizable organic forms and it was higher in vermicompost than soil. In this stage the soil OM seems to be more stable than vermicompost which can be explained by a more intensive bond between the organic and inorganic components. At higher temperatures (T> 550° C) no significant detectable was appeared of soil organic matter. In contrast, the vermicompost treatments showed a high proportion of stable groups, especially aromatic compounds. These statements seem to be importance particularly for the practical application of the wood compost in terms of their long-term effect in the soil. The application of charcoal, showed no additional stabilizing effect of vermicompost. Also, the data show that, vermicompost structure characterized with high homogeneity and ratio of surface area to volume compared to those in soil structure. First plant trials (greenhouse), Different compost mixed ratios had positive impact on different extreme soil physiochemical properties. At the end of experiment (42 days) compost increased soil water holding capacity, decreased soil bulk and particle density and increased total porosity. The used wood compost modified soil buffering capacity and soil acidity. The availability of soil macro and micro nutrients were increased after adding wood compost. The wood compost had a positive effect in some growth parameters like fresh and dry matter yield of the selected grass. High dry matter yield and nutrients uptake was achieved with higher rates of compost application (25.0% > 12.5% > 3.0% > 0.0 %, w/w). Second plant trials (field experiment), Regarding to the effect of wood compost (QR) and Arkadolith® component on tertiary and quaternary sand, at the end of grown season (6 month) most soil and plant characteristics of tertiary sand were improved and it was better than that in quaternary sand. This trend reveals to, physical and chemical properties of tertiary sand was better than that in quaternary sand, like organic matter content, CEC, WHC, TOC, available nutrients. In the both sites, the effects of different type of soil conditioners arranged as follow: the treatments treated with wood compost is the better followed by the other treated with both wood compost and Arkadolith. Wood compost increased soil pH, CEC, soil buffering capacity, OM content, and soil WHC in comparison with Arkadolith which make a small improvement of these properties in both sites. Finally, Different growth parameters (height, covering, fresh and dry matter yield) of the used grasses were clearly positive affected by wood compost, with the highest production inherent to the treatments treated by the high amount of wood compost. N2 - Entsprechend der Zielstellung wurden zunächst verschiedene Varianten der Kompostierung von Holzsubstanz getestet, um eine optimale Technologie, die auch für Entwicklungsländer realisierbar ist, herauszufinden. Hierzu sind in Pflanztöpfe Holzspäne (Woodchips) von zwei verschieden Holzarten (Laub- und Nadelholz) gefüllt und mit verschiedenen natürlichen Stickstoffquellen gemischt worden. Diese Ansätze wurden regelmäßig mit Kompostwasser appliziert. Nach vier Wochen sind zwei verschiedene Wurmarten (Dendrobaena veneta und Eisenia fetida) hinzugegeben worden. Die Feuchthaltung erfolgte ab diesem Zeitpunkt durch Frischwasser. Die qualitativ beste Versuchsvariante ist im nächsten Schritt mit weiteren natürlichen Stickstoffquellen, die in Entwicklungsländern zur Verfügung gestellt werden könnten, getestet worden. Von allen Kompostvarianten sind im Labor eine Vielzahl von bodenphysikalischen (z.B. Dichte, Wasserhaltekapazität) und bodenchemischen Zustandsgrößen (z.B. Elektrische Leitfähigkeit, Totalgehalte biophiler Elemente, Bodenreaktion, organische Substanzgehalte, Kationenaustauschkapazität) bestimmt worden. Die Wiederum qualitativ beste Mischung ist in einer weiteren Versuchsreihe in verschiedenen Mengenverhältnissen mit tertiärerem Abraumsand des Braunkohlebergbaus gemischt worden. In diese Versuchsmischungen wurde die Grasmischung RSM 7.2.1 eingesät und regelmäßig bewässert sowie die Wuchshöhe gemessen. Nach 42 Tagen wurden das Gras geerntet und die biometrischen Parameter, die Nährstoffgehalte (pflanzenverfügbare Fraktionen), die Bodenreaktion, die effektive bzw. potentielle Kationenaustauschkapazität sowie die Pufferkapazitäten der Mischsubstrate bestimmt. Die nächsten Versuchsvarianten sind als Feldversuche in der Niederlausitz durchgeführt worden. Für ihre Realisierung wurde als weiterer Zuschlagsstoff Arkadolith® zugemischt. Die Plotflächen sind sowohl auf Abraumsanden des Tertiärs als auch Quartärs angelegt worden. In jeweils eine Subvariante ist RSM 7.2.1, in die andere eine autochthone Grasmischung eingesät worden. Diese Experimente wurden nach 6 Monaten beendet, die Bestimmung aller Parameter erfolgte in gleicher Weise wie bei den Gewächshausversuchen. Auf Basis aller Versuchsreihen konnten die besten Kompostqualitäten und ihre optimalen Herstellungsvarianten ermittelt werden. Eine weitere Aufgabe war es zu untersuchen, wie im Vergleich zur Verbrennung von Holzmasse die CO2-Emission in die Atmosphäre durch Holzkompostierung verringert werden kann. Hierzu wurde während der verschiedenen Kompostierungsvarianten die CO2-Freisetzung gemessen. Im Vergleich dazu ist jeweils die gleiche Masse an Holzsubstanz verbrannt worden. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass im Vergleich zu der thermischen Verwertung von Holsubstanz die CO2-Emission bis zu 50 % verringert werden kann. Dem Boden kann darüber hinaus energiereiche organische Substanz zugeführt werden, die eine Entwicklung der Bodenorganismen ermöglicht. Ein weiteres Experiment zielte darauf ab, die Stabilität der Holzkomposte zu bestimmen. Darüber hinaus sollte untersucht werden, ob durch die Zufuhr von pyrogenem Kohlenstoff eine Vergrößerung der Stabilität zu erreichen ist. Diese Untersuchungen wurden mit Hilfe der Thermogravimetrie vorgenommen. Alle wichtigen Kompostierungsvarianten sind sowohl mit verschiedenen Zusatzmengen als auch ohne Zusatz von pyrogenem Kohlenstoff vermessen worden. Als Vergleichssubstanz diente der Oberboden eines Niedermoorgleys, der naturgemäß einen relativ hohen Anteil an organischer Substanz aufweist. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass im Bereich niedriger Temperaturen die Wasserbindung im Naturboden fester ist. In der Fraktion der oxidierbaren organischen Substanz, im mittleren Temperaturbereich gemessen, ist die natürliche Bodensubstanz ebenfalls stabiler, was auf eine intensivere Bindung zwischen den organischen und anorganischen Bestandteilen, also auf stabilere organisch-mineralische Komplexe, schlussfolgern lässt. Im Bereich höherer Temperaturen (T> 550° C) waren im Naturboden keine nennenswerten organischen Bestandteile mehr nachweisbar. Hingegen wiesen die Kompostvarianten einen hohen Anteil stabiler Fraktionen, vor allem aromatische Verbindungen, auf. Diese Aussagen erscheinen vor allem für die praktische Anwendung der Holzkomposte in Hinblick auf ihre Langzeitwirkung bedeutsam. Der Zusatz von pyrogenem Kohlenstoff zeigte keine zusätzliche Stabilisierungswirkung. T2 - Holzkompostverfahrenstechnik, Eigenschaften und ihre Auswirkungen auf die extremen Bodeneigenschaften KW - Holzkompost KW - Kohlendioxid KW - Eisenia fetida KW - Dendrobaena veneta KW - Kohlengrubenabraum KW - wood compost KW - carbon dioxide KW - Eisenia fetida KW - Dendrobaena veneta KW - coal mine waste Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-51046 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Korup, Oliver A1 - Görüm, Tolga A1 - Hayakawa, Yuichi T1 - Without power? - Landslide inventories in the face of climate change JF - Earth surface processes and landforms : the journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group N2 - Projected scenarios of climate change involve general predictions about the likely changes to the magnitude and frequency of landslides, particularly as a consequence of altered precipitation and temperature regimes. Whether such landslide response to contemporary or past climate change may be captured in differing scaling statistics of landslide size distributions and the erosion rates derived thereof remains debated. We test this notion with simple Monte Carlo and bootstrap simulations of statistical models commonly used to characterize empirical landslide size distributions. Our results show that significant changes to total volumes contained in such inventories may be masked by statistically indistinguishable scaling parameters, critically depending on, among others, the size of the largest of landslides recorded. Conversely, comparable model parameter values may obscure significant, i.e. more than twofold, changes to landslide occurrence, and thus inferred rates of hillslope denudation and sediment delivery to drainage networks. A time series of some of Earth's largest mass movements reveals clustering near and partly before the last glacial-interglacial transition and a distinct step-over from white noise to temporal clustering around this period. However, elucidating whether this is a distinct signal of first-order climate-change impact on slope stability or simply coincides with a transition from short-term statistical noise to long-term steady-state conditions remains an important research challenge. KW - landslide KW - climate change KW - magnitude & frequency Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.2248 SN - 0197-9337 VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 92 EP - 99 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhu, Chuanbin A1 - Cotton, Fabrice A1 - Kwak, Dong-Youp A1 - Ji, Kun A1 - Kawase, Hiroshi A1 - Pilz, Marco T1 - Within-site variability in earthquake site response JF - Geophysical journal international N2 - The within-site variability in site response is the randomness in site response at a given site from different earthquakes and is treated as aleatory variability in current seismic hazard/risk analyses. In this study, we investigate the single-station variability in linear site response at K-NET and KiK-net stations in Japan using a large number of earthquake recordings. We found that the standard deviation of the horizontal-to-vertical Fourier spectral ratio at individual sites, that is single-station horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) sigma sigma(HV,s), approximates the within-site variability in site response quantified using surface-to-borehole spectral ratios (for oscillator frequencies higher than the site fundamental frequency) or empirical ground-motion models. Based on this finding, we then utilize the single-station HVSR sigma as a convenient tool to study the site-response variability at 697 KiK-net and 1169 K-NET sites. Our results show that at certain frequencies, stiff, rough and shallow sites, as well as small and local events tend to have a higher sigma(HV,s). However, when being averaged over different sites, the single-station HVSR sigma, that is sigma(HV), increases gradually with decreasing frequency. In the frequency range of 0.25-25 Hz, sigma(HV) is centred at 0.23-0.43 in ln scales (a linear scale factor of 1.26-1.54) with one standard deviation of less than 0.1. sigma(HV) is quite stable across different tectonic regions, and we present a constant, as well as earthquake magnitude- and distance-dependent sigma(HV) models. KW - earthquake ground motions KW - earthquake hazards KW - site effects Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab481 SN - 0956-540X SN - 1365-246X VL - 229 IS - 2 SP - 1268 EP - 1281 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mueller, Marina Elsa Herta A1 - Koszinski, Sylvia A1 - Brenning, Alexander A1 - Verch, Gernot A1 - Korn, Ulrike A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Within-field variation of mycotoxin contamination of winter wheat is related to indicators of soil moisture JF - Plant and soil N2 - Humidity is an important determinant of the mycotoxin production (DON, ZEA) by Fusarium species in the grain ears. From a landscape perspective humidity is not evenly distributed across fields. The topographically-controlled redistribution of water within a single field rather leads to spatially heterogeneous soil water content and air humidity. Therefore we hypothesized that the spatial distribution of mycotoxins is related to these topographically-controlled factors. To test this hypothesis we studied the mycotoxin concentrations at contrasting topographic relief positions, i.e. hilltops and depressions characterized by soils of different soil moisture regimes, on ten winter wheat fields in 2006 and 2007. Maize was the preceding crop and minimum tillage was practiced in the fields. The different topographic positions were associated with moderate differences in DON and ZEA concentrations in 2006, but with significant differences in 2007, with six times higher median ZEA and two times higher median DON detected at depression sites compared to the hilltops. The depression sites correspond to a higher topographic wetness index as well as redoximorphic properties in soil profiles, which empirically supports our hypothesis at least for years showing wetter conditions in sensitive time windows for Fusarium infections. KW - Wheat KW - Mycotoxins KW - Within-field variation KW - Topography KW - Humidity KW - Soil redoximorphic feature Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0695-5 SN - 0032-079X SN - 1573-5036 VL - 342 IS - 1-2 SP - 289 EP - 300 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yen, Ming-Hsuan A1 - von Specht, Sebastian A1 - Lin, Yen-Yu A1 - Cotton, Fabrice A1 - Ma, Kuo-Fong T1 - Within- and between-event variabilities of strong-velocity pulses of moderate earthquakes within dense seismic arrays JF - Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America N2 - Ground motion with strong-velocity pulses can cause significant damage to buildings and structures at certain periods; hence, knowing the period and velocity amplitude of such pulses is critical for earthquake structural engineering. However, the physical factors relating the scaling of pulse periods with magnitude are poorly understood. In this study, we investigate moderate but damaging earthquakes (M-w 6-7) and characterize ground- motion pulses using the method of Shahi and Baker (2014) while considering the potential static-offset effects. We confirm that the within-event variability of the pulses is large. The identified pulses in this study are mostly from strike-slip-like earthquakes. We further perform simulations using the freq uency-wavenumber algorithm to investigate the causes of the variability of the pulse periods within and between events for moderate strike-slip earthquakes. We test the effect of fault dips, and the impact of the asperity locations and sizes. The simulations reveal that the asperity properties have a high impact on the pulse periods and amplitudes at nearby stations. Our results emphasize the importance of asperity characteristics, in addition to earthquake magnitudes for the occurrence and properties of pulses produced by the forward directivity effect. We finally quantify and discuss within- and between-event variabilities of pulse properties at short distances. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200376 SN - 0037-1106 SN - 1943-3573 VL - 112 IS - 1 SP - 361 EP - 380 PB - Seismological Society of America CY - El Cerito, Calif. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gzik, Axel T1 - Wirkung von osmotischem Streß auf den Aminosäurenhaushalt in Keimlingswurzeln von Zea mays L Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Totz, Sonja Juliana A1 - Tziperman, Eli A1 - Coumou, Dim A1 - Pfeiffer, Karl A1 - Cohen, Judah T1 - Winter precipitation forecast in the European and mediterranean regions using cluster analysis JF - Geophysical research letters N2 - The European climate is changing under global warming, and especially the Mediterranean region has been identified as a hot spot for climate change with climate models projecting a reduction in winter rainfall and a very pronounced increase in summertime heat waves. These trends are already detectable over the historic period. Hence, it is beneficial to forecast seasonal droughts well in advance so that water managers and stakeholders can prepare to mitigate deleterious impacts. We developed a new cluster-based empirical forecast method to predict precipitation anomalies in winter. This algorithm considers not only the strength but also the pattern of the precursors. We compare our algorithm with dynamic forecast models and a canonical correlation analysis-based prediction method demonstrating that our prediction method performs better in terms of time and pattern correlation in the Mediterranean and European regions. KW - precipitation anomaly KW - seasonal forecast KW - cluster analysis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075674 SN - 0094-8276 SN - 1944-8007 VL - 44 SP - 12418 EP - 12426 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fohlmeister, Jens Bernd A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Dudashvili, Alexey Sergeevich A1 - Tjallingii, Rik A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Gafurov, Abror A1 - Cheng, Hai T1 - Winter precipitation changes during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age in arid Central Asia JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - The strength of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is considered to be the main driver of climate changes over the European and western Asian continents throughout the last millennium. For example, the predominantly warm Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the following cold period of the Little Ice Age (LIA) over Europe have been associated with long-lasting phases with a positive and negative NAO index. Its climatic imprint is especially pronounced in European winter seasons. However, little is known about the influence of NAO with respect to its eastern extent over the Eurasian continent. Here we present speleothem records (PC, 8180 and Sr/Ca) from the southern rim of Fergana Basin (Central Asia) revealing annually resolved past climate variations during the last millennium. The age control of the stalagmite relies on radiocarbon dating as large amounts of detrital material inhibit accurate 230Th dating. Present-day calcification of the stalagmite is most effective during spring when the cave atmosphere and elevated water supply by snow melting and high amount of spring precipitation provide optimal conditions. Seasonal precipitation variations cause changes of the stable isotope and Sr/ Ca compositions. The simultaneous changes in these geochemical proxies, however, give also evidence for fractionation processes in the cave. By disentangling both processes, we demonstrate that the amount of winter precipitation during the MCA was generally higher than during the LIA, which is in line with climatic changes linked to the NAO index but opposite to the higher mountain records of Central Asia. Several events of strongly reduced winter precipitation are observed during the LIA in Central Asia. These dry winter events can be related to phases of a strong negative NAO index and all results reveal that winter precipitation over the central Eurasian continent is tightly linked to atmospheric NAO modes by the westerly wind systems. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.10.026 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 178 SP - 24 EP - 36 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Zhuodong A1 - Wieland, Ralf A1 - Reiche, Matthias A1 - Funk, Roger A1 - Hoffmann, Carsten A1 - Li, Yong A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Wind modelling for wind erosion research by open source computational fluid dynamics JF - Ecological informatics : an international journal on ecoinformatics and computational ecolog N2 - The open source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) wind model (CFD-WEM) for wind erosion research in the Xilingele grassland in Inner Mongolia (autonomous region, China) is compared with two open source CFD models Gerris and OpenFOAM. The evaluation of these models was made according to software technology, implemented methods, handling, accuracy and calculation speed. All models were applied to the same wind tunnel data set. Results show that the simplest CFD-WEM has the highest calculation speed with acceptable accuracy, and the most powerful OpenFOAM produces the simulation with highest accuracy and the lowest calculation speed. Gerris is between CFD-WEM and OpenFOAM. It calculates faster than OpenFOAM, and it is capable to solve different CFD problems. CFD-WEM is the optimal model to be further developed for wind erosion research in Inner Mongolia grassland considering its efficiency and the uncertainties of other input data. However, for other applications using CFD technology, Gerris and OpenFOAM can be good choices. This paper shows the powerful capability of open source CFD software in wind erosion study, and advocates more involvement of open source technology in wind erosion and related ecological researches. KW - Computational fluid dynamics KW - Wind modelling KW - Open source KW - Wind erosion KW - Gerris KW - OpenFOAM KW - SAMT Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2011.02.001 SN - 1574-9541 VL - 6 IS - 5 SP - 316 EP - 324 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Siegmund, Nicole T1 - Wind driven soil particle uptake Quantifying drivers of wind erosion across the particle size spectrum T1 - Partikelaufwirbelung durch Wind - Über die Quantifizierung von Winderosion über das ganze Partikel-Größenspektrum N2 - Among the multitude of geomorphological processes, aeolian shaping processes are of special character, Pedogenic dust is one of the most important sources of atmospheric aerosols and therefore regarded as a key player for atmospheric processes. Soil dust emissions, being complex in composition and properties, influence atmospheric processes and air quality and has impacts on other ecosystems. In this because even though their immediate impact can be considered low (exceptions exist), their constant and large-scale force makes them a powerful player in the earth system. dissertation, we unravel a novel scientific understanding of this complex system based on a holistic dataset acquired during a series of field experiments on arable land in La Pampa, Argentina. The field experiments as well as the generated data provide information about topography, various soil parameters, the atmospheric dynamics in the very lower atmosphere (4m height) as well as measurements regarding aeolian particle movement across a wide range of particle size classes between 0.2μm up to the coarse sand. The investigations focus on three topics: (a) the effects of low-scale landscape structures on aeolian transport processes of the coarse particle fraction, (b) the horizontal and vertical fluxes of the very fine particles and (c) the impact of wind gusts on particle emissions. Among other considerations presented in this thesis, it could in particular be shown, that even though the small-scale topology does have a clear impact on erosion and deposition patterns, also physical soil parameters need to be taken into account for a robust statistical modelling of the latter. Furthermore, specifically the vertical fluxes of particulate matter have different characteristics for the particle size classes. Finally, a novel statistical measure was introduced to quantify the impact of wind gusts on the particle uptake and its application on the provided data set. The aforementioned measure shows significantly increased particle concentrations during points in time defined as gust event. With its holistic approach, this thesis further contributes to the fundamental understanding of how atmosphere and pedosphere are intertwined and affect each other. N2 - Unter der Vielzahl geomorphologischer Prozesse nehmen äolische Formgebungsprozesse eine besondere Stellung ein, denn obwohl ihre unmittelbaren Auswirkungen als gering einzuschätzen sind (Ausnahmen existieren), sind sie aufgrund ihrer konstanten und großen Kraft ein mächtiger Akteur im Erdsystem. Pedogener Staub ist eine der wichtigsten Quellen atmosphärischer Aerosole und kann daher als Schlüsselfaktor für atmosphärische Prozesse angesehen werden. Bodenstaubemissionen, die in Zusammensetzung und Eigenschaften komplex sind, beeinflussen atmosphärische Prozesse und Luftqualität und haben Auswirkungen auf andere Ökosysteme. Um zum wissenschaftlichen Verständnis dieses komplexen Systems beizutragen, dokumentiert diese Arbeit eine Reihe von Veröffentlichungen, die alle auf einem ganzheitlichen Datensatz basieren, die während einer Reihe von Feldexperimenten auf Ackerland in La Pampa, Argentinien, gewonnen wurden. Die Feldexperimente sowie die generierten Daten liefern Informationen über Topographie, verschiedene Bodenparameter, die atmosphärische Dynamik in der unteren Atmosphäre (4 m Höhe) sowie Messungen zur äolischen Partikelbewegung über einen weiten Bereich von Partikelgrößenklassen zwischen 0,2μm und groben Sand. Die Untersuchungen konzentrieren sich auf drei Themen: Die Auswirkungen kleinräumiger Landschaftsstrukturen auf äolische Transportprozesse der groben Partikelfraktion, die horizontalen und vertikalen Strömungen der sehr feinen Partikel und der Einfluss von Windböen auf die Partikelemissionen. Neben anderen in dieser Arbeit vorgestellten Überlegungen konnte insbesondere gezeigt werden, dass, obwohl die kleinräumige Topologie einen deutlichen Einfluss auf Erosions- und Ablagerungsmuster hat, auch physikalische Bodenparameter für eine robuste statistische Modellierung berücksichtigt werden müssen. Darüber hinaus weisen speziell die vertikalen Feinstaubflüsse unterschiedliche Eigenschaften für die Partikelgrößenklassen auf. Schließlich wurde ein neuartiges statistisches Maß eingeführt, um den Einfluss von Windböen auf die Partikelkonzentration der Luft zu quantifizieren, und seine Anwendung auf den bereitgestellten Datensatz zeigt signifikant erhöhte Partikelkonzentrationen zu Zeitpunkten, die als Böen definiert wurden. Mit ihrem ganzheitlichen Ansatz trägt diese Arbeit weiter zum grundlegenden Verständnis bei, wie Atmosphäre und Pedosphäre miteinander verflochten sind und sich gegenseitig beeinflussen. KW - Winderosion KW - winderosion KW - PM10, PM2, PM1 KW - Horizontal flux KW - horizontaler Fluss KW - Vertical flux KW - vertikaler Fluss KW - Argentina KW - Argentinien KW - wind gusts KW - Windböen Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-574897 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rohrmann, Alexander A1 - Heermance, Richard A1 - Kapp, Paul A1 - Cai, Fulong T1 - Wind as the primary driver of erosion in the Qaidam Basin, China (vol 374, pg 1, 2013) T2 - Earth & planetary science letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.10.011 SN - 0012-821X SN - 1385-013X VL - 432 SP - 501 EP - 501 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rohrmann, Alexander A1 - Heermance, Richard A1 - Kapp, Paul A1 - Cai, Fulong T1 - Wind as the primary driver of erosion in the Qaidam Basin, China JF - Earth & planetary science letters N2 - Deserts are a major source of loess and may undergo substantial wind-erosion as evidenced by yardang fields, deflation pans, and wind-scoured bedrock landscapes. However, there are few quantitative estimates of bedrock removal by wind abrasion and deflation. Here, we report wind-erosion rates in the western Qaidam Basin in central China based on measurements of cosmogenic Be-10 in exhumed Miocene sedimentary bedrock. Sedimentary bedrock erosion rates range from 0.05 to 0.4 mm/yr, although the majority of measurements cluster at 0.125 +/- 0.05 mm/yr. These results, combined with previous work, indicate that strong winds, hyper-aridity, exposure of friable Neogene strata, and ongoing rock deformation and uplift in the western Qaidam Basin have created an environment where wind, instead of water, is the dominant agent of erosion and sediment transport. Its geographic location (upwind) combined with volumetric estimates suggest that the Qaidam Basin is a major source (up to 50%) of dust to the Chinese Loess Plateau to the east. The cosmogenically derived wind erosion rates are within the range of erosion rates determined from glacial and fluvial dominated landscapes worldwide, exemplifying the effectiveness of wind to erode and transport significant quantities of bedrock. KW - wind KW - cosmogenic nuclide-dating KW - earth surface processes KW - Chinese Loess Plateau KW - climate KW - Asia Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.03.011 SN - 0012-821X VL - 374 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER -