TY - JOUR A1 - Reichel, Martin A1 - Hoenig, Stefanie A1 - Liebisch, Gerhard A1 - Lüth, Anja A1 - Kleuser, Burkhard A1 - Gulbins, Erich A1 - Schmitz, Gerd A1 - Kornhuber, Johannes T1 - Alterations of plasma glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid species in male alcohol-dependent patients JF - Biochimica et biophysica acta : Molecular and cell biology of lipids N2 - Background: Alcohol abuse is a major risk factor for somatic and neuropsychiatric diseases. Despite their potential clinical importance, little is known about the alterations of plasma glycerophospholipid (GPL) and sphingolipid (SPL) species associated with alcohol abuse. Methods: Plasma GPL and SPL species were quantified using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in samples from 23 male alcohol-dependent patients before and after detoxification, as well as from 20 healthy male controls. Results: A comparison of alcohol-dependent patients with controls revealed higher phosphatidylcholine (PC; P-value = 0.008) and phosphatidylinositol (PI; P-value = 0.001) concentrations in patients before detoxification, and higher PI (P-value = 0.001) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)-based plasmalogen (PEP; P-value = 0.003) concentrations after detoxification. Lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) were increased by acute intoxication (P-value = 0.002). Sphingomyelin (SM) concentration increased during detoxification (P-value = 0.011). The concentration of SM 23:0 was lower in patients (P-value = 2.79 x 10(-5)), and the concentrations of ceramide Cer d18:1/16:0 and Cer d18:1/18:0 were higher in patients (P-value = 2.45 x 10(-5) and 3.73 x 10(-5)). Activity of lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in patients correlated positively with the concentrations of eight LPC species, while activity of secreted ASM was inversely correlated with several PE, PI and PC species, and positively correlated with the molar ratio of PC to SM (Pearson's r = 0.432; P-value = 0.039). Conclusion: Plasma concentrations of numerous GPL and SPL species were altered in alcohol-dependent patients. These molecules might serve as potential biomarkers to improve the diagnosis of patients and to indicate health risks associated with alcohol abuse. Our study further indicates that there are strong interactions between plasma GPL concentrations and SPL metabolism. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Acid sphingomyelinase KW - Alcohol dependence KW - Anxiety KW - Cardiovascular KW - Case-control study KW - Ceramide KW - Clinical KW - Depression KW - Diagnostic KW - Disease KW - Glycerophospholipids KW - Lysophosphatidylcholines KW - Mass spectrometry KW - Phosphatidylcholines KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - Plasma KW - Plasmalogens KW - Sphingolipids KW - Sphingomyelin KW - Tandem mass spectrometry Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.08.005 SN - 1388-1981 SN - 0006-3002 VL - 1851 IS - 11 SP - 1501 EP - 1510 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pollatos, Olga A1 - Werner, Natalie S. A1 - Duschek, Stefan A1 - Schandry, Rainer A1 - Matthias, Ellen A1 - Traut-Mattausch, Eva A1 - Herbert, Beate M. T1 - Differential effects of alexithymia subscales on autonomic reactivity and anxiety during social stress JF - Journal of psychosomatic research N2 - Objectives: Alexithymia is characterized by a difficulty in identifying and describing one's emotions. Recent research has associated differential effects of the alexithymia facets to hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis markers during stress. This study aimed to analyze how the facets of alexithymia interact with autonomic reactivity as well as self- and observer-rated anxiety during a social stress task. Methods: With the use of a public-speaking paradigm, skin conductance levels (SCLs) and heart rate (HR) during the defined periods of baseline, preparation, stress, and recovery were assessed in 60 volunteers (42 females, mean age 22.8) categorized as having either high (HDA) or low (LDA) degrees of alexithymia. Results: We found smaller SCLs during preparation and speech in the HDA group. Regression analyses indicated that only the alexithymia facet "difficulty in describing feelings" (DDF) was associated with smaller electrodermal responses. In the HDA group, self- and observer-rated anxiety was higher in the HDA than in the LDA group, which was attributable to higher scores in the subscales "difficulty in identifying feelings" (DIF) and "externally oriented thinking" (EOT). Conclusions: Our data support and specify the decoupling hypothesis of alexithymia by showing that the facets of alexithymia are differentially related to autonomic reactivity as well as self- and observer-rated anxiety during social stress. KW - Alexithymia KW - Autonomic response KW - Social stress KW - Skin conductance KW - Anxiety KW - Social performance KW - Decoupling hypothesis Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.12.003 SN - 0022-3999 VL - 70 IS - 6 SP - 525 EP - 533 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heissel, Andreas A1 - Zech, Philipp A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Schuch, Felipe B. A1 - Lawrence, Jimmy B. A1 - Kangas, Maria A1 - Heinzel, Stephan T1 - Effects of exercise on depression and anxiety in persons living with HIV: A meta-analysis JF - Journal of psychosomatic research N2 - Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effects of exercise on depression and anxiety in people living with HIV (PLWH), and to evaluate, through subgroup analysis, the effects of exercise type, frequency, supervision by exercise professionals, study quality, and control group conditions on these outcomes. Method: A literature search was conducted through four electronic databases from inception to February 2019. Considered for inclusion were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating exercise interventions and depression or anxiety as outcomes in people living with HIV (>= 18 years of age). Ten studies were included (n = 479 participants, 49.67% females at baseline), and the standardized mean difference (SMD) and heterogeneity were calculated using random-effect models. An additional pre-post meta-analysis was also conducted. Results: A large effect in favor of exercise when compared to controls was found for depression (SMD = -0.84, 95%CI = [-1.57, -0.11], p = 0.02) and anxiety (SMD = -1.23, 95%CI = [-2.42, 0.04], p = -0.04). Subgroup analyses for depression revealed large effects on depression for aerobic exercise only (SMD = -0.96, 95%CI = [-1.63, -0.30], p = 0.004), a frequency of >= 3 exercise sessions per week (SMD = -1.39, 95%CI = [-2.24, -0.54], p < 0.001), professionally supervised exercise (SMD = -1.40, 95%CI = [-2.46, -0.17], p = 0.03]), and high-quality studies (SMD = -1.31, 95%CI = [-2.46, -0.17], p = 0.02). Conclusion: Exercise seems to decrease depressive symptoms and anxiety in PLWH, but other larger and high-quality studies are needed to verify these effects. KW - HIV KW - Exercise KW - Depression KW - Anxiety KW - Meta-analysis KW - Supervision Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109823 SN - 0022-3999 SN - 1879-1360 VL - 126 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kiefer, Thomas A1 - Krahl, Dorothea A1 - Hirt, Carsten A1 - Völler, Heinz A1 - Voelkel, Lorenz A1 - Daeschlein, Georg T1 - Influence of treatment caused impairments on anxiety and depression in patients with cancer of the Esophagus or the Esophagogastric junction JF - Journal of gastrointestinal cancer N2 - Purpose After therapy of cancer of the esophagus or the esophagogastric junction, patients often suffer from anxiety and depression. Some risk factors for elevated anxiety and depression are reported, but the influence of steatorrhea, the frequency of which has only recently been reported, has not yet been investigated. Method Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), we analyzed the correlation of anxiety and depression with steatorrhea, appetite, and weight loss in 72 patients with cancer of the esophagus or of the esophagogastric junction, who were treated at our rehabilitation clinic between January 2011 and December 2014. In addition, effectiveness of psychological interviews was analyzed. Results We have evaluable anxiety questionnaires from 51 patients showing a median anxiety value of 5 (range 0-13). As for the depression, results from evaluable questionnaires of 54 patients also showed a median value of 5 (range 0-15). Increased anxiety and depression values (> 7) were observed in 25.4% and 37.0% of the patients respectively. Patients who were admitted with steatorrhea for rehabilitation showed a statistically higher anxiety value (median 6.3 vs. 4.7, p < 0.05), reduced appetite, and a weight loss above 15 kg depicting a correlation to anxiety and depression. Psychological conversations helped lowering the depression but had no influence on anxiety. Conclusions Impairments after cancer treatment, such as steatorrhea, appetite loss, and weight loss, should be interpreted as an alarm signal and should necessitate screening for increased anxiety and depression. Psychological therapy can help improving the extent of the depression. KW - Anxiety KW - Depression KW - Esophagus carcinoma KW - Exocrine pancreas KW - insufficiency KW - Rehabilitation KW - Steatorrhea Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-018-00193-7 SN - 1941-6628 SN - 1941-6636 VL - 51 IS - 1 SP - 30 EP - 34 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate T1 - Negative work perception not changed in a short work-anxiety-coping group therapy intervention JF - International journal of occupational and environmental health N2 - Background: Work anxiety is often associated with long-term sick leave and requires early intervention. Work anxieties are associated with negative work perception. Therefore, one aim in early intervention is a cognitive reframing of dysfunctional perceptions of workplace characteristics. Methods: A psychotherapeutic specialist conducted two group programs of four sessions each. One hundred twenty-three rehabilitation in-patients with work anxieties were randomly assigned either to a work anxiety-coping group or to a recreational group. The Short Questionnaire for Work Analysis (KFZA) was administered before and after the group treatment to measure perceptions of working conditions. Results: Participants from the work anxiety-coping group did not see their work in a significantly more positive light at the end of the intervention compared to participants from the recreational group. Conclusions: A short work anxiety-coping group did not initiate a consistent positive re-appraisal of work. Employers and occupational physicians should not expect positive changes of work perception when an employee returns from short medical rehabilitation including work-directed treatment. Additional support from the workplace must be considered, e.g. employer-physician-employee conversation preceding return to work, or (temporary) work adjustment. KW - Workplace KW - Mental health KW - Anxiety KW - Sick leave KW - Work-oriented interventions KW - Work perception KW - Return to work KW - Mental disorders Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10773525.2016.1238663 SN - 1077-3525 SN - 2049-3967 VL - 22 SP - 321 EP - 324 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Jöbges, Michael T1 - Prevalence and Characteristics of Work Anxiety in Medical Rehabilitation Patients BT - a cross-sectional observation study JF - Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation N2 - Objective: To investigate frequency, type, and characteristics of work anxieties in patients with somatic illness. Design: Cross-sectional observation study. Setting: Neurology, orthopedic, and cardiology rehabilitation clinics. Participants: Patients (N=4610; age, 18-65y) with work anxieties. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Patients who scored high on at least 2 of 9 items in the work-anxiety screening questionnaire and who reported impairment were investigated with a differential diagnostic interview on work anxieties and with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview on non work-related common mental disorders. Patients also filled out a self-rating questionnaire on their subjective symptom load and sociodemographic data. Results: Approximately 20% to 27% of the investigated inpatients in somatic rehabilitation (altogether n=393) received a work-anxiety diagnosis. Patients with orthopedic illness report highest work anxiety and have previous longest sick leave (20.6wk in the past 12mo). Patients with orthopedic illness suffer from work-related adjustment disorder with anxiety, social anxieties, and workplace phobias, whereas patients with cardiac illness are more often affected by hypochondriac anxieties. Anxieties of insufficiency and worrying occur equally in all indications. Conclusions: About a quarter of patients in somatic rehabilitation are in need of additional diagnostic attention owing to work anxieties. Differential diagnostic of work anxiety is needed for initiating adequate therapeutic action. Somatic rehabilitation physicians should be aware of work anxieties in their patients, especially in patients with orthopedic illness with previous long-term sick leave. (c) 2017 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine KW - Anxiety KW - Mental health KW - Rehabilitation KW - Sick leave KW - Workplace Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.06.017 SN - 0003-9993 SN - 1532-821X VL - 99 IS - 1 SP - 57 EP - 64 PB - Elsevier CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Fay, Doris A1 - Linden, M. T1 - Self-reported workplace perception as indicators of work anxieties JF - Occupational medicine N2 - Work anxiety is a potentially disabling mental health problem, which can cause (long-term) sickness absence. In many cases patients do not openly report their anxieties and tend to give externalizing explanations of inner problems. Therefore people with work anxiety may perceive their workplace more negatively than those without such anxiety. To investigate the relation between subjective work description and work anxiety. There were 148 inpatient participants and 8015 general population controls. Patients with work anxiety described their workplace significantly more negatively than patients without work anxiety and employees in the general population, with no differences in workplace descriptions between psychosomatic patients without work anxiety and the general population sample. The type of complaint about work conditions was related to the specific type of work anxiety. Reports about workplace burdens can be indicative of work anxiety and should prompt further in-depth assessments. The content of complaints about work conditions may point to the type of underlying work anxiety. KW - Anxiety KW - diagnostic KW - sickness absence KW - work anxiety KW - workplace Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv160 SN - 0962-7480 SN - 1471-8405 VL - 66 SP - 168 EP - 170 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Linden, Michael T1 - Workplace phobia, workplace problems, and work ability among primary care patients with chronic mental disorders JF - Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine N2 - Purpose: Work-related anxieties are frequent and have a negative effect on the occupational performance of patients and absence due to sickness. Most important is workplace phobia, that is, panic when approaching or even thinking of the workplace. This study is the first to estimate the prevalence of workplace phobia among primary care patients suffering from chronic mental disorders and to describe which illness-related or workplace-specific context factors are associated with workplace phobia. Methods: A convenience sample of 288 primary care patients with chronic mental disorders (70% women) seen by 40 primary care clinicians in Germany were assessed using a standardized diagnostic interview about mental disorders and workplace problems. Workplace phobia was assessed by the Workplace Phobia Scale and a structured Diagnostic and Statical Manual of Mental Disorders-based diagnostic interview. In addition, capacity and participation restrictions, illness severity, and sick leave were assessed. Results: Workplace phobia was found in 10% of patients with chronic mental disorders, that is, approximately about 3% of all general practice patients. Patients with workplace phobia had longer durations of sick leave than patients without workplace phobia and were impaired to a higher degree in work-relevant capacities. They also had a higher degree of restrictions in participation in other areas of life. Conclusions: Workplace phobia seems to be a frequent problem in primary care. It may behoove primary care clinicians to consider workplace-related anxiety, including phobia, particularly when patients ask for a work excuse for nonspecific somatic complaints. KW - Anxiety KW - Mental Health KW - Sick Leave KW - Workplace Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2014.04.130308 SN - 1557-2625 SN - 1558-7118 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 486 EP - 494 PB - American Board of Family Medicine CY - Lexington ER -