TY - JOUR A1 - Navarro-Retamal, Carlos A1 - Bremer, Anne A1 - Alzate-Morales, Jans H. A1 - Caballero, Julio A1 - Hincha, Dirk K. A1 - Gonzalez, Wendy A1 - Thalhammer, Anja T1 - Molecular dynamics simulations and CD spectroscopy reveal hydration-induced unfolding of the intrinsically disordered LEA proteins COR15A and COR15B from Arabidopsis thaliana JF - Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies N2 - The LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins COR15A and COR15B from Arabidopsis thaliana are intrinsically disordered under fully hydrated conditions, but obtain alpha-helical structure during dehydration, which is reversible upon rehydration. To understand this unusual structural transition, both proteins were investigated by circular dichroism (CD) and molecular dynamics (MD) approaches. MD simulations showed unfolding of the proteins in water, in agreement with CD data obtained with both HIS-tagged and untagged recombinant proteins. Mainly intramolecular hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) formed by the protein backbone were replaced by H-bonds with water molecules. As COR15 proteins function in vivo as protectants in leaves partially dehydrated by freezing, unfolding was further assessed under crowded conditions. Glycerol reduced (40%) or prevented (100%) unfolding during MD simulations, in agreement with CD spectroscopy results. H-bonding analysis indicated that preferential exclusion of glycerol from the protein backbone increased stability of the folded state. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c6cp02272c SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 18 SP - 25806 EP - 25816 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nausch, Monika A1 - Bach, Lennart Thomas A1 - Czerny, Jan A1 - Goldstein, Josephine A1 - Großart, Hans-Peter A1 - Hellemann, Dana A1 - Hornick, Thomas A1 - Achterberg, Eric Pieter A1 - Schulz, Kai-Georg A1 - Riebesell, Ulf T1 - Effects of CO2 perturbation on phosphorus pool sizes and uptake in a mesocosm experiment during a low productive summer season in the northern Baltic Sea JF - Biogeosciences N2 - Studies investigating the effect of increasing CO2 levels on the phosphorus cycle in natural waters are lacking although phosphorus often controls phytoplankton development in many aquatic systems. The aim of our study was to analyse effects of elevated CO2 levels on phosphorus pool sizes and uptake. The phosphorus dynamic was followed in a CO2-manipulation mesocosm experiment in the Storfjarden (western Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea) in summer 2012 and was also studied in the surrounding fjord water. In all mesocosms as well as in surface waters of Storfjarden, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) concentrations of 0.26aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.03 and 0.23aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.04aEuro-A mu molaEuro-L-1, respectively, formed the main fraction of the total P-pool (TP), whereas phosphate (PO4) constituted the lowest fraction with mean concentration of 0.15aEuro-A +/- aEuro-0.02 in the mesocosms and 0.17aEuro-A +/- aEuro-0.07aEuro-A mu molaEuro-L-1 in the fjord. Transformation of PO4 into DOP appeared to be the main pathway of PO4 turnover. About 82aEuro-% of PO4 was converted into DOP whereby only 18aEuro-% of PO4 was transformed into particulate phosphorus (PP). PO4 uptake rates measured in the mesocosms ranged between 0.6 and 3.9aEuro-nmolaEuro-L(-1)aEuro-h(-1). About 86aEuro-% of them was realized by the size fraction < aEuro-3aEuro-A mu m. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) uptake revealed that additional P was supplied from organic compounds accounting for 25-27aEuro-% of P provided by PO4 only. CO2 additions did not cause significant changes in phosphorus (P) pool sizes, DOP composition, and uptake of PO4 and ATP when the whole study period was taken into account. However, significant short-term effects were observed for PO4 and PP pool sizes in CO2 treatments > aEuro-1000aEuro-A mu atm during periods when phytoplankton biomass increased. In addition, we found significant relationships (e.g., between PP and Chl a) in the untreated mesocosms which were not observed under high fCO(2) conditions. Consequently, it can be hypothesized that the relationship between PP formation and phytoplankton growth changed with CO2 elevation. It can be deduced from the results, that visible effects of CO2 on P pools are coupled to phytoplankton growth when the transformation of PO4 into POP was stimulated. The transformation of PO4 into DOP on the other hand does not seem to be affected. Additionally, there were some indications that cellular mechanisms of P regulation might be modified under CO2 elevation changing the relationship between cellular constituents. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3035-2016 SN - 1726-4170 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 13 SP - 3035 EP - 3050 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nausch, Monika A1 - Bach, Lennart Thomas A1 - Czerny, Jan A1 - Goldstein, Josephine A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Hellemann, Dana A1 - Hornick, Thomas A1 - Achterberg, Eric Pieter A1 - Schulz, Kai Georg A1 - Riebesell, Ulf T1 - Effects of CO 2 perturbation on phosphorus pool sizes and uptake in a mesocosm experiment during a low productive summer season in the northern Baltic Sea T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - Studies investigating the effect of increasing CO2 levels on the phosphorus cycle in natural waters are lacking although phosphorus often controls phytoplankton development in many aquatic systems. The aim of our study was to analyse effects of elevated CO2 levels on phosphorus pool sizes and uptake. The phosphorus dynamic was followed in a CO2-manipulation mesocosm experiment in the Storfjarden (western Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea) in summer 2012 and was also studied in the surrounding fjord water. In all mesocosms as well as in surface waters of Storfjarden, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) concentrations of 0.26aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.03 and 0.23aEuro-+/- aEuro-0.04aEuro-A mu molaEuro-L-1, respectively, formed the main fraction of the total P-pool (TP), whereas phosphate (PO4) constituted the lowest fraction with mean concentration of 0.15aEuro-A +/- aEuro-0.02 in the mesocosms and 0.17aEuro-A +/- aEuro-0.07aEuro-A mu molaEuro-L-1 in the fjord. Transformation of PO4 into DOP appeared to be the main pathway of PO4 turnover. About 82aEuro-% of PO4 was converted into DOP whereby only 18aEuro-% of PO4 was transformed into particulate phosphorus (PP). PO4 uptake rates measured in the mesocosms ranged between 0.6 and 3.9aEuro-nmolaEuro-L(-1)aEuro-h(-1). About 86aEuro-% of them was realized by the size fraction < aEuro-3aEuro-A mu m. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) uptake revealed that additional P was supplied from organic compounds accounting for 25-27aEuro-% of P provided by PO4 only. CO2 additions did not cause significant changes in phosphorus (P) pool sizes, DOP composition, and uptake of PO4 and ATP when the whole study period was taken into account. However, significant short-term effects were observed for PO4 and PP pool sizes in CO2 treatments > aEuro-1000aEuro-A mu atm during periods when phytoplankton biomass increased. In addition, we found significant relationships (e.g., between PP and Chl a) in the untreated mesocosms which were not observed under high fCO(2) conditions. Consequently, it can be hypothesized that the relationship between PP formation and phytoplankton growth changed with CO2 elevation. It can be deduced from the results, that visible effects of CO2 on P pools are coupled to phytoplankton growth when the transformation of PO4 into POP was stimulated. The transformation of PO4 into DOP on the other hand does not seem to be affected. Additionally, there were some indications that cellular mechanisms of P regulation might be modified under CO2 elevation changing the relationship between cellular constituents. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 424 KW - Eastern Gotland basin KW - nodularia spumigena KW - organic-matter KW - filamentous cyanobacteria KW - Ocean acidification KW - nitrogen-fixation KW - PCO(2) levels KW - elevated CO2 KW - Peece-III KW - seawater Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410274 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Naolou, Toufik A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Neffe, Axel T. T1 - Influence of metal softness on the metal-organic catalyzed polymerization of inorpholin-2,5-diones to oligodepsipeptides JF - European polymer journal Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.011 SN - 0014-3057 SN - 1873-1945 VL - 85 SP - 139 EP - 149 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nakano, Yoko A1 - Ikemoto, Yu A1 - Jacob, Gunnar A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - How Orthography Modulates Morphological Priming BT - Subliminal Kanji Activation in Japanese JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - The current study investigates to what extent masked morphological priming is modulated by language-particular properties, specifically by its writing system. We present results from two masked priming experiments investigating the processing of complex Japanese words written in less common (moraic) scripts. In Experiment 1, participants performed lexical decisions on target verbs; these were preceded by primes which were either (i) a past-tense form of the same verb, (ii) a stem-related form with the epenthetic vowel -i, (iii) a semantically-related form, and (iv) a phonologically-related form. Significant priming effects were obtained for prime types (i), (ii), and (iii), but not for (iv). This pattern of results differs from previous findings on languages with alphabetic scripts, which found reliable masked priming effects for morphologically related prime/target pairs of type (i), but not for non-affixal and semantically-related primes of types (ii), and (iii). In Experiment 2, we measured priming effects for prime/target pairs which are neither morphologically, semantically, phonologically nor - as presented in their moraic scripts—orthographically related, but which—in their commonly written form—share the same kanji, which are logograms adopted from Chinese. The results showed a significant priming effect, with faster lexical-decision times for kanji-related prime/target pairs relative to unrelated ones. We conclude that affix-stripping is insufficient to account for masked morphological priming effects across languages, but that language-particular properties (in the case of Japanese, the writing system) affect the processing of (morphologically) complex words. KW - morphologically complex words KW - morpho-orthography KW - decompositon KW - Japanese KW - kanji KW - kana Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00316 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nakano, Yoko A1 - Ikemoto, Yu A1 - Jacob, Gunnar A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - How Orthography Modulates Morphological Priming BT - Subliminal Kanji Activation in Japanese N2 - The current study investigates to what extent masked morphological priming is modulated by language-particular properties, specifically by its writing system. We present results from two masked priming experiments investigating the processing of complex Japanese words written in less common (moraic) scripts. In Experiment 1, participants performed lexical decisions on target verbs; these were preceded by primes which were either (i) a past-tense form of the same verb, (ii) a stem-related form with the epenthetic vowel -i, (iii) a semantically-related form, and (iv) a phonologically-related form. Significant priming effects were obtained for prime types (i), (ii), and (iii), but not for (iv). This pattern of results differs from previous findings on languages with alphabetic scripts, which found reliable masked priming effects for morphologically related prime/target pairs of type (i), but not for non-affixal and semantically-related primes of types (ii), and (iii). In Experiment 2, we measured priming effects for prime/target pairs which are neither morphologically, semantically, phonologically nor - as presented in their moraic scripts—orthographically related, but which—in their commonly written form—share the same kanji, which are logograms adopted from Chinese. The results showed a significant priming effect, with faster lexical-decision times for kanji-related prime/target pairs relative to unrelated ones. We conclude that affix-stripping is insufficient to account for masked morphological priming effects across languages, but that language-particular properties (in the case of Japanese, the writing system) affect the processing of (morphologically) complex words. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 293 KW - Japanese KW - decompositon KW - kana KW - kanji KW - morpho-orthography KW - morphologically complex words Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91692 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nakano, Yoko A1 - Ikemoto, Yu A1 - Jacob, Gunnar A1 - Clahsen, Harald T1 - How Orthography Modulates Morphological Priming: Subliminal Kanji Activation in Japanese JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - The current study investigates to what extent masked morphological priming is modulated by language-particular properties, specifically by its writing system. We present results from two masked priming experiments investigating the processing of complex Japanese words written in less common (moraic) scripts. In Experiment 1, participants performed lexical decisions on target verbs; these were preceded by primes which were either (i) a past-tense form of the same verb, (ii) a stem-related form with the epenthetic vowel-i, (iii) a semantically-related form, and (iv) a phonologically-related form. Significant priming effects were obtained for prime types (i), (ii), and (iii), but not for (iv). This pattern of results differs from previous findings on languages with alphabetic scripts, which found reliable masked priming effects for morphologically related prime/target pairs of type (i), but not for non-affixal and semantically-related primes of types (ii), and (iii). In Experiment 2, we measured priming effects for prime/target pairs which are neither morphologically, semantically, phonologically nor - as presented in their moraic scripts orthographically related, but which in their commonly written form share the same kanji, which are logograms adopted from Chinese. The results showed a significant priming effect, with faster lexical-decision times for kanji-related prime/target pairs relative to unrelated ones. We conclude that affix-stripping is insufficient to account for masked morphological priming effects across languages, but that language-particular properties (in the case of Japanese, the writing system) affect the processing of (morphologically) complex words. KW - morphologically complex words KW - morpho-orthography KW - decompositon KW - Japanese KW - kanji KW - kana Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00316 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nagornov, Roman A1 - Osipoy, Grigory A1 - Komarov, Maxim A1 - Pikovskij, Arkadij A1 - Shilnikov, Andrey T1 - Mixed-mode synchronization between two inhibitory neurons with post-inhibitory rebound JF - Communications in nonlinear science & numerical simulation N2 - We study an array of activity rhythms generated by a half-center oscillator (HCO), represented by a pair of reciprocally coupled neurons with post-inhibitory rebounds (PIR). Such coupling induced bursting possesses two time scales, one for fast spiking and another for slow quiescent periods, is shown to exhibit an array of synchronization properties. We discuss several HCO configurations constituted by two endogenous bursters, by tonic-spiking and quiescent neurons, as well as mixed-mode configurations composed of neurons of different type. We demonstrate that burst synchronization can be accompanied by complex, often chaotic, interactions of fast spikes within synchronized bursts. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Synchronization KW - Hodgkin-Huxley model KW - Half-center oscillator KW - Post-inhibitory rebound Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2015.11.024 SN - 1007-5704 SN - 1878-7274 VL - 36 SP - 175 EP - 191 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nabhan, Sami A1 - Luber, Tim A1 - Scheffler, Franziska A1 - Heubeck, Christoph T1 - Climatic and geochemical implications of Archean pedogenic gypsum in the Moodies Group (similar to 3.2 Ga), Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa JF - Precambrian research N2 - Lithic sandstones of braided-fluvial to supratidal facies in the Paleoarchean Moodies Group (similar to 3.22 Ga, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa) include several regionally traceable units with common to abundant, in places rock-forming, nodular concretions of megaquartz pseudomorphs after gypsum, barite and calcite. Concretionary accumulations are stratiform and commonly associated with aqueously reworked, fine-grained, tuffaceous sediment of originally rhyodacitic composition and can grow to fist sized agglomerates in crusts tens of m in lateral extent. Weathering of tuffaceous material and feldspar delivered alkali cations such as Ca, Ba, and K, while carbonates were likely supplied by silicate weathering of mafic to ultramafic volcanic rocks during exposure to a CO2-rich atmosphere. Sulfate ions were partly delivered by oxidative pyrite dissolution which may have included microbial and abiotic disproportionation of volcanic S or SO2. Concretionary growth apparently took place under pedogenic to early diagenetic conditions within unconsolidated granular sediment in the vadose zone, dominated by seasonal fluctuations of the groundwater level under evaporitic conditions. The concretions likely represent the oldest terrestrial evaporites known to date and form part of the oldest known compound paleosols. Their formation and composition constrain the local occurrence of sulfate in the Archean atmo- and hydrosphere, their interaction with the emerging biosphere, Archean weathering regime, local climate, and vadose-zone hydrodynamics. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Barberton Greenstone Belt KW - Archean KW - Moodies Group KW - Evaporites KW - Sulfate KW - Paleosol Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.01.011 SN - 0301-9268 SN - 1872-7433 VL - 275 SP - 119 EP - 134 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mürbe, Ulrike T1 - Normativer Individualismus in Ethik, Politik und Recht [rezensiert von Ulrike Mürbe] JF - MenschenRechtsMagazin : MRM ; Informationen, Meinungen, Analysen N2 - Buchbesprechung: Dietmar von der Pfordten, Lorenz Kähler (Hrsg.), Normativer Individualismus in Ethik, Politik und Recht, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2014, 255 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-16-153629-8, 54,00 €. Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-95163 SN - 1434-2820 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 88 EP - 91 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Münzberg, Marvin A1 - Hass, Roland A1 - Khanh, Ninh Dinh Duc A1 - Reich, Oliver T1 - Limitations of turbidity process probes and formazine as their calibration standard T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Turbidity measurements are frequently implemented for the monitoring of heterogeneous chemical, physical, or biotechnological processes. However, for quantitative measurements, turbidity probes need calibration, as is requested and regulated by the ISO 7027:1999. Accordingly, a formazine suspension has to be produced. Despite this regulatory demand, no scientific publication on the stability and reproducibility of this polymerization process is available. In addition, no characterization of the optical properties of this calibration material with other optical methods had been achieved so far. Thus, in this contribution, process conditions such as temperature and concentration have been systematically investigated by turbidity probe measurements and Photon Density Wave (PDW) spectroscopy, revealing an influence on the temporal formazine formation onset. In contrast, different reaction temperatures do not lead to different scattering properties for the final formazine suspensions, but give an access to the activation energy for this condensation reaction. Based on PDW spectroscopy data, the synthesis of formazine is reproducible. However, very strong influences of the ambient conditions on the measurements of the turbidity probe have been observed, limiting its applicability. The restrictions of the turbidity probe with respect to scatterer concentration are examined on the basis of formazine and polystyrene suspensions. Compared to PDW spectroscopy data, signal saturation is observed at already low reduced scattering coefficients. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 831 KW - photon density wave spectroscopy KW - turbidity probes KW - formazine KW - calibration standard KW - process analytical technology Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428263 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 831 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Münch, Thomas A1 - Kipfstuhl, Sepp A1 - Freitag, Johannes A1 - Meyer, Hanno A1 - Laepple, Thomas T1 - Regional climate signal vs. local noise BT - a two-dimensional view of water isotopes in Antarctic firn at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - In low-accumulation regions, the reliability of delta O-18-derived temperature signals from ice cores within the Holocene is unclear, primarily due to the small climate changes relative to the intrinsic noise of the isotopic signal. In order to learn about the representativity of single ice cores and to optimise future ice-core-based climate reconstructions, we studied the stable-water isotope composition of firn at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Analysing delta O-18 in two 50m long snow trenches allowed us to create an unprecedented, two-dimensional image characterising the isotopic variations from the centimetre to the 100-metre scale. Our results show seasonal layering of the isotopic composition but also high horizontal isotopic variability caused by local stratigraphic noise. Based on the horizontal and vertical structure of the isotopic variations, we derive a statistical noise model which successfully explains the trench data. The model further allows one to determine an upper bound for the reliability of climate reconstructions conducted in our study region at seasonal to annual resolution, depending on the number and the spacing of the cores taken. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 500 KW - ice-core records KW - past 2 kyr KW - temperature variability KW - accumulation rates KW - East Antarctica KW - stable-isotopes KW - surface snow KW - time-series KW - diffusion KW - Greenland Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-408385 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 500 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Münch, Thomas A1 - Kipfstuhl, Sepp A1 - Freitag, Johannes A1 - Meyer, Hanno A1 - Laepple, Thomas T1 - Regional climate signal vs. local noise: a two-dimensional view of water isotopes in Antarctic firn at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land JF - Climate of the past : an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union N2 - In low-accumulation regions, the reliability of delta O-18-derived temperature signals from ice cores within the Holocene is unclear, primarily due to the small climate changes relative to the intrinsic noise of the isotopic signal. In order to learn about the representativity of single ice cores and to optimise future ice-core-based climate reconstructions, we studied the stable-water isotope composition of firn at Kohnen Station, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Analysing delta O-18 in two 50m long snow trenches allowed us to create an unprecedented, two-dimensional image characterising the isotopic variations from the centimetre to the 100-metre scale. Our results show seasonal layering of the isotopic composition but also high horizontal isotopic variability caused by local stratigraphic noise. Based on the horizontal and vertical structure of the isotopic variations, we derive a statistical noise model which successfully explains the trench data. The model further allows one to determine an upper bound for the reliability of climate reconstructions conducted in our study region at seasonal to annual resolution, depending on the number and the spacing of the cores taken. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1565-2016 SN - 1814-9324 SN - 1814-9332 VL - 12 SP - 1565 EP - 1581 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - THES A1 - Müller, Stephan Heinz T1 - Aggregates Caching for Enterprise Applications N2 - The introduction of columnar in-memory databases, along with hardware evolution, has made the execution of transactional and analytical enterprise application workloads on a single system both feasible and viable. Yet, we argue that executing analytical aggregate queries directly on the transactional data can decrease the overall system performance. Despite the aggregation capabilities of columnar in-memory databases, the direct access to records of a materialized aggregate is always more efficient than aggregating on the fly. The traditional approach to materialized aggregates, however, introduces significant overhead in terms of materialized view selection, maintenance, and exploitation. When this overhead is handled by the application, it increases the application complexity, and can slow down the transactional throughput of inserts, updates, and deletes. In this thesis, we motivate, propose, and evaluate the aggregate cache, a materialized aggregate engine in the main-delta architecture of a columnar in-memory database that provides efficient means to handle costly aggregate queries of enterprise applications. For our design, we leverage the specifics of the main-delta architecture that separates a table into a main and delta partition. The central concept is to only cache the partial aggregate query result as defined on the main partition of a table, because the main partition is relatively stable as records are only inserted into the delta partition. We contribute by proposing incremental aggregate maintenance and query compensation techniques for mixed workloads of enterprise applications. In addition, we introduce aggregate profit metrics that increase the likelihood of persisting the most profitable aggregates in the aggregate cache. Query compensation and maintenance of materialized aggregates based on joins of multiple tables is expensive due to the partitioned tables in the main-delta architecture. Our analysis of enterprise applications has revealed several data schema and workload patterns. This includes the observation that transactional data is persisted in header and item tables, whereas in many cases, the insertion of related header and item records is executed in a single database transaction. We contribute by proposing an approach to transport these application object semantics to the database system and optimize the query processing using the aggregate cache by applying partition pruning and predicate pushdown techniques. For the experimental evaluation, we propose the FICO benchmark that is based on data from a productive ERP system with extracted mixed workloads. Our evaluation reveals that the aggregate cache can accelerate the execution of aggregate queries up to a factor of 60 whereas the speedup highly depends on the number of aggregated records in the main and delta partitions. In mixed workloads, the proposed aggregate maintenance and query compensation techniques perform up to an order of magnitude better than traditional materialized aggregate maintenance approaches. The introduced aggregate profit metrics outperform existing costbased metrics by up to 20%. Lastly, the join pruning and predicate pushdown techniques can accelerate query execution in the aggregate cache in the presence of multiple partitioned tables by up to an order of magnitude. Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Steffen A1 - Müller, Juliane A1 - Stoll, Josefine A1 - Prieske, Olaf A1 - Cassel, Michael A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Incidence of back pain in adolescent athletes BT - a prospective study JF - BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation N2 - Background Recently, the incidence rate of back pain (BP) in adolescents has been reported at 21%. However, the development of BP in adolescent athletes is unclear. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of BP in young elite athletes in relation to gender and type of sport practiced. Methods Subjective BP was assessed in 321 elite adolescent athletes (m/f 57%/43%; 13.2 ± 1.4 years; 163.4 ± 11.4 cm; 52.6 ± 12.6 kg; 5.0 ± 2.6 training yrs; 7.6 ± 5.3 training h/week). Initially, all athletes were free of pain. The main outcome criterion was the incidence of back pain [%] analyzed in terms of pain development from the first measurement day (M1) to the second measurement day (M2) after 2.0 ± 1.0 year. Participants were classified into athletes who developed back pain (BPD) and athletes who did not develop back pain (nBPD). BP (acute or within the last 7 days) was assessed with a 5-step face scale (face 1–2 = no pain; face 3–5 = pain). BPD included all athletes who reported faces 1 and 2 at M1 and faces 3 to 5 at M2. nBPD were all athletes who reported face 1 or 2 at both M1 and M2. Data was analyzed descriptively. Additionally, a Chi2 test was used to analyze gender- and sport-specific differences (p = 0.05). Results Thirty-two athletes were categorized as BPD (10%). The gender difference was 5% (m/f: 12%/7%) but did not show statistical significance (p = 0.15). The incidence of BP ranged between 6 and 15% for the different sport categories. Game sports (15%) showed the highest, and explosive strength sports (6%) the lowest incidence. Anthropometrics or training characteristics did not significantly influence BPD (p = 0.14 gender to p = 0.90 sports; r2 = 0.0825). Conclusions BP incidence was lower in adolescent athletes compared to young non-athletes and even to the general adult population. Consequently, it can be concluded that high-performance sports do not lead to an additional increase in back pain incidence during early adolescence. Nevertheless, back pain prevention programs should be implemented into daily training routines for sport categories identified as showing high incidence rates. KW - Pain occurrence KW - Young athletes KW - Injury KW - Training volume Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-016-0064-7 SN - 2052-1847 VL - 8 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Steffen A1 - Carlsohn, Anja A1 - Müller, Juliane A1 - Baur, Heiner A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Influence of Obesity on Foot Loading Characteristics in Gait for Children Aged 1 to 12 Years N2 - Background Overweight and obesity are increasing health problems that are not restricted to adults only. Childhood obesity is associated with metabolic, psychological and musculoskeletal comorbidities. However, knowledge about the effect of obesity on the foot function across maturation is lacking. Decreased foot function with disproportional loading characteristics is expected for obese children. The aim of this study was to examine foot loading characteristics during gait of normal-weight, overweight and obese children aged 1-12 years. Methods A total of 10382 children aged one to twelve years were enrolled in the study. Finally, 7575 children (m/f: n = 3630/3945; 7.0 +/- 2.9yr; 1.23 +/- 0.19m; 26.6 +/- 10.6kg; BMI: 17.1 +/- 2.4kg/m(2)) were included for (complete case) data analysis. Children were categorized to normalweight (>= 3rd and <90th percentile; n = 6458), overweight (>= 90rd and <97th percentile; n = 746) or obese (>97th percentile; n = 371) according to the German reference system that is based on age and gender-specific body mass indices (BMI). Plantar pressure measurements were assessed during gait on an instrumented walkway. Contact area, arch index (AI), peak pressure (PP) and force time integral (FTI) were calculated for the total, fore-, mid-and hindfoot. Data was analyzed descriptively (mean +/- SD) followed by ANOVA/Welch-test (according to homogeneity of variances: yes/no) for group differences according to BMI categorization (normal-weight, overweight, obesity) and for each age group 1 to 12yrs (post-hoc Tukey Kramer/Dunnett's C; alpha = 0.05). Results Mean walking velocity was 0.95 +/- 0.25 m/s with no differences between normal-weight, overweight or obese children (p = 0.0841). Results show higher foot contact area, arch index, peak pressure and force time integral in overweight and obese children (p< 0.001). Obese children showed the 1.48-fold (1 year-old) to 3.49-fold (10 year-old) midfoot loading (FTI) compared to normal-weight. Conclusion Additional body mass leads to higher overall load, with disproportional impact on the midfoot area and longitudinal foot arch showing characteristic foot loading patterns. Already the feet of one and two year old children are significantly affected. Childhood overweight and obesity is not compensated by the musculoskeletal system. To avoid excessive foot loading with potential risk of discomfort or pain in childhood, prevention strategies should be developed and validated for children with a high body mass index and functional changes in the midfoot area. The presented plantar pressure values could additionally serve as reference data to identify suspicious foot loading patterns in children. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 284 KW - plantar pressure distribution KW - body-mass index KW - prepubescent children KW - overweight children KW - childhood obesity KW - walking KW - speed KW - forces KW - adolescents KW - prevalence Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-90108 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Steffen A1 - Carlsohn, Anja A1 - Müller, Juliane A1 - Baur, Heiner A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Influence of Obesity on Foot Loading Characteristics in Gait for Children Aged 1 to 12 Years JF - PLoS one N2 - Background Overweight and obesity are increasing health problems that are not restricted to adults only. Childhood obesity is associated with metabolic, psychological and musculoskeletal comorbidities. However, knowledge about the effect of obesity on the foot function across maturation is lacking. Decreased foot function with disproportional loading characteristics is expected for obese children. The aim of this study was to examine foot loading characteristics during gait of normal-weight, overweight and obese children aged 1-12 years. Methods A total of 10382 children aged one to twelve years were enrolled in the study. Finally, 7575 children (m/f: n = 3630/3945; 7.0 +/- 2.9yr; 1.23 +/- 0.19m; 26.6 +/- 10.6kg; BMI: 17.1 +/- 2.4kg/m(2)) were included for (complete case) data analysis. Children were categorized to normalweight (>= 3rd and <90th percentile; n = 6458), overweight (>= 90rd and <97th percentile; n = 746) or obese (>97th percentile; n = 371) according to the German reference system that is based on age and gender-specific body mass indices (BMI). Plantar pressure measurements were assessed during gait on an instrumented walkway. Contact area, arch index (AI), peak pressure (PP) and force time integral (FTI) were calculated for the total, fore-, mid-and hindfoot. Data was analyzed descriptively (mean +/- SD) followed by ANOVA/Welch-test (according to homogeneity of variances: yes/no) for group differences according to BMI categorization (normal-weight, overweight, obesity) and for each age group 1 to 12yrs (post-hoc Tukey Kramer/Dunnett's C; alpha = 0.05). Results Mean walking velocity was 0.95 +/- 0.25 m/s with no differences between normal-weight, overweight or obese children (p = 0.0841). Results show higher foot contact area, arch index, peak pressure and force time integral in overweight and obese children (p< 0.001). Obese children showed the 1.48-fold (1 year-old) to 3.49-fold (10 year-old) midfoot loading (FTI) compared to normal-weight. Conclusion Additional body mass leads to higher overall load, with disproportional impact on the midfoot area and longitudinal foot arch showing characteristic foot loading patterns. Already the feet of one and two year old children are significantly affected. Childhood overweight and obesity is not compensated by the musculoskeletal system. To avoid excessive foot loading with potential risk of discomfort or pain in childhood, prevention strategies should be developed and validated for children with a high body mass index and functional changes in the midfoot area. The presented plantar pressure values could additionally serve as reference data to identify suspicious foot loading patterns in children. KW - plantar pressure distribution KW - body-mass index KW - prepubescent children KW - overweight children KW - childhood obesity KW - walking KW - speed KW - forces KW - adolescents KW - prevalence Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149924 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 IS - 2 PB - Public Library of Science CY - Lawrence, Kan. ER - TY - THES A1 - Müller, Maximilian T1 - Organisationsmodelle für Beschaffung, Betrieb und Finanzierung von Lufttransportkapazitäten in der internationalen Katastrophenhilfe T1 - Organizational models for procurement, operations and funding of air transport capacities in humanitarian aid N2 - Die Dissertation befasst sich mit der Organisation von humanitären Lufttransporten bei internationalen Katastrophen. Diese Flüge finden immer dann statt, wenn die eigene Hilfeleistungsfähigkeit der von Katastrophen betroffenen Regionen überfordert ist und Hilfe aus dem Ausland angefordert wird. Bei jedem der darauffolgenden Hilfseinsätze stehen Hilfsorganisationen und weitere mit der Katastrophenhilfe beteiligte Akteure erneut vor der Herausforderung, in kürzester Zeit eine logistische Kette aufzubauen, damit die Güter zum richtigen Zeitpunkt in der richtigen Menge am richtigen Ort eintreffen. Humanitäre Lufttransporte werden in der Regel als Charterflüge organisiert und finden auf langen Strecken zu Zielen statt, die nicht selten abseits der hochfrequentierten Warenströme liegen. Am Markt ist das Angebot für derartige Transportdienstleistungen nicht gesichert verfügbar und unter Umständen müssen Hilfsorganisationen warten bis Kapazitäten mit geeigneten Flugzeugen zur Verfügung stehen. Auch qualitativ sind die Anforderungen von Hilfsorganisationen an die Hilfsgütertransporte höher als im regulären Linientransport. Im Rahmen der Dissertation wird ein alternatives Organisationsmodell für die Beschaffung und den Betrieb sowie die Finanzierung von humanitären Lufttransporten aufgebaut. Dabei wird die gesicherte Verfügbarkeit von besonders flexibel einsetzbaren Flugzeugen in Betracht gezogen, mit deren Hilfe die Qualität und insbesondere die Planbarkeit der Hilfeleistung verbessert werden könnte. Ein idealtypisches Modell wird hier durch die Kopplung der Kollektivgütertheorie, die der Finanzwissenschaft zuzuordnen ist, mit der Vertragstheorie als Bestandteil der Neuen Institutionenökonomik erarbeitet. Empirische Beiträge zur Vertragstheorie bemängeln, dass es bei der Beschaffung von transaktionsspezifischen Investitionsgütern, wie etwa Flugzeugen mit besonderen Eigenschaften, aufgrund von Risiken und Umweltunsicherheiten zu ineffizienten Lösungen zwischen Vertragspartnern kommt. Die vorliegende Dissertation zeigt eine Möglichkeit auf, wie durch Aufbau einer gemeinsamen Informationsbasis ex-ante, also vor Vertragsschluss, Risiken und Umweltunsicherheiten reduziert werden können. Dies geschieht durch eine temporale Erweiterung eines empirischen Modells zur Bestimmung der Organisationsform bei transaktionsspezifischen Investitionsgütern aus der Regulierungsökonomik. Die Arbeitet leistet darüber hinaus einen Beitrag zur Steigerung der Effizienz in der humanitären Logistik durch die fallspezifische Betrachtung von horizontalen Kooperationen und Professionalisierung der Hilfeleistung im Bereich der humanitären Luftfahrt. N2 - Once a disaster occurs and recovery capabilities of the affected regions are exceeded, relief organizations from abroad are faced with sudden demand for establishing a logistical chain in order to deliver relief goods and services at the right time at the right place. Usually, transport capacities for long haul humanitarian transports are ordered as charter flights on the spot market. Market capacities are limited which can lead to delays and surcharges for positioning, though. Based upon theory of finance and institutional economics this thesis shows an organizational model for procurement, operations and funding where secured availability of resources is anticipated. This theoretical approach is then confronted with recent development in civil protection and defense aviation, such as approaches to cooperation through pooling and sharing of capacities and public private partnership, in order to give an economic policy advice. KW - humanitäre Logistik KW - Luftfahrt KW - Katastrophenhilfe KW - Organisationsmodell KW - Finanzierung KW - Hilfsorganisationen KW - Sicherheit KW - Pooling KW - öffentlich private Partnerschaften KW - Organisationsprozesse KW - humanitarian logistics KW - aviation KW - humanitarian aid KW - organization model KW - funding KW - relief organization KW - security KW - pooling KW - public private partnership KW - business processes Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-101021 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Juliane A1 - Müller, Steffen A1 - Stoll, Josefine A1 - Rector, Michael V. A1 - Baur, Heiner A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Influence of Load on Three-Dimensional Segmental Trunk Kinematics in One-Handed Lifting: A Pilot Study JF - Journal of applied biomechanics N2 - Stability of the trunk is relevant in determining trunk response to different loading in everyday tasks initiated by the limbs. Descriptions of the trunk’s mechanical movement patterns in response to different loads while lifting objects are still under debate. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyze the influence of weight on 3-dimensional segmental motion of the trunk during 1-handed lifting. Ten asymptomatic subjects were included (29 ± 3 y; 1.79 ± 0.09 m; 75 ± 14 kg). Subjects lifted 3× a light and heavy load from the ground up onto a table. Three-dimensional segmental trunk motion was measured (12 markers; 3 segments: upper thoracic area [UTA], lower thoracic area [LTA], lumbar area [LA]). Outcomes were total motion amplitudes (ROM;[°]) for anterior flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation of each segment. The highest ROM was observed in the LTA segment (anterior flexion), and the smallest ROM in the UTA segment (lateral flexion). ROM differed for all planes between the 3 segments for both tasks (P < .001). There were no differences in ROM between light and heavy loads (P > .05). No interaction effects (load × segment) were observed, as ROM did not reveal differences between loading tasks. Regardless of weight, the 3 segments did reflect differences, supporting the relevance of multisegmental analysis. KW - trunk motion KW - kinematic trunk model KW - everyday task KW - MiSpEx* Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2015-0227 SN - 1065-8483 SN - 1543-2688 VL - 32 SP - 520 EP - 525 PB - Human Kinetics Publ. CY - Champaign ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Juliane A1 - Müller, Steffen A1 - Engel, Tilman A1 - Reschke, Antje A1 - Baur, Heiner A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Stumbling reactions during perturbed walking: Neuromuscular reflex activity and 3-D kinematics of the trunk - A pilot study JF - Journal of biomechanics N2 - Stumbling led to an increase in ROM, compared to unperturbed gait, in all segments and planes. These increases ranged between 107 +/- 26% (UTA/rotation) and 262 +/- 132% (UTS/lateral flexion), significant only in lateral flexion. EMG activity of the trunk was increased during stumbling (abdominal: 665 +/- 283%; back: 501 +/- 215%), without significant differences between muscles. Provoked stumbling leads to a measurable effect on the trunk, quantifiable by an increase in ROM and EMG activity, compared to normal walking. Greater abdominal muscle activity and ROM of lateral flexion may indicate a specific compensation pattern occurring during stumbling. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Trunk kinematics KW - Treadmill walking KW - Gait perturbation KW - EMG Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.09.041 SN - 0021-9290 SN - 1873-2380 VL - 49 SP - 933 EP - 938 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - THES A1 - Müller, Hans-Georg T1 - Der Majuskelgebrauch im Deutschen BT - Groß- und Kleinschreibung theoretisch, empirisch, ontoge­netisch. T2 - Germanistische Linguistik ; 305 N2 - Die Arbeit stellt die Funktionsweise und den Erwerb der deutschen Groß- und Kleinschreibung auf theoretischer und empirischer Grundlage dar. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet eine textpragmatische Verallgemeinerung bisheriger graphematischer Ansätze, die zu einem übergreifenden Modell des Majuskelgebrauchs im Deutschen erweitert werden und dabei auch nicht-orthografische Teilbereiche einschließen (Versalsatz, Kapitälchen, Binnenmajuskel etc.). Im empirischen Teil der Arbeit werden die orthografischen Leistungsdaten von ca. 5.700 Probanden verschiedener Altersklassen (4. Klasse bis Erwachsenenbildung) untersucht und zu einem allgemeinen Erwerbsmodell der Groß- und Kleinschreibung ausgebaut. Mit Hilfe neuronaler Netzwerksimulationen werden unterschiedliche Lernertypen unterschieden und Diskontinuitäten im Kompetenzerwerb nachgewiesen, die auf qualitative Strategiewechsel in der Ontogenese hindeuten. Den Abschluss bilden orthografiedidaktische und rechtschreibdiagnostische Reflexionen der Daten. KW - Rechtschreibung KW - Groß- und Kleinschreibung KW - Deutschdidaktik Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-11-046096-4 SN - 978-3-11-045796-4 U6 - https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1515/9783110460964 VL - 2016 PB - de Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Detlef A1 - Böckmann, Christine A1 - Kolgotin, Alexei A1 - Schneidenbach, Lars A1 - Chemyakin, Eduard A1 - Rosemann, Julia A1 - Znak, Pavel A1 - Romanov, Anton T1 - Microphysical particle properties derived from inversion algorithms developed in the framework of EARLINET T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - We present a summary on the current status of two inversion algorithms that are used in EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) for the inversion of data collected with EARLINET multiwavelength Raman lidars. These instruments measure backscatter coefficients at 355, 532, and 1064 nm, and extinction coefficients at 355 and 532 nm. Development of these two algorithms started in 2000 when EARLINET was founded. The algorithms are based on a manually controlled inversion of optical data which allows for detailed sensitivity studies. The algorithms allow us to derive particle effective radius as well as volume and surface area concentration with comparably high confidence. The retrieval of the real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index still is a challenge in view of the accuracy required for these parameters in climate change studies in which light absorption needs to be known with high accuracy. It is an extreme challenge to retrieve the real part with an accuracy better than 0.05 and the imaginary part with accuracy better than 0.005-0.1 or +/- 50 %. Single-scattering albedo can be computed from the retrieved microphysical parameters and allows us to categorize aerosols into high-and low-absorbing aerosols. On the basis of a few exemplary simulations with synthetic optical data we discuss the current status of these manually operated algorithms, the potentially achievable accuracy of data products, and the goals for future work. One algorithm was used with the purpose of testing how well microphysical parameters can be derived if the real part of the complex refractive index is known to at least 0.05 or 0.1. The other algorithm was used to find out how well microphysical parameters can be derived if this constraint for the real part is not applied. The optical data used in our study cover a range of Angstrom exponents and extinction-to-backscatter (lidar) ratios that are found from lidar measurements of various aerosol types. We also tested aerosol scenarios that are considered highly unlikely, e.g. the lidar ratios fall outside the commonly accepted range of values measured with Raman lidar, even though the underlying microphysical particle properties are not uncommon. The goal of this part of the study is to test the robustness of the algorithms towards their ability to identify aerosol types that have not been measured so far, but cannot be ruled out based on our current knowledge of aerosol physics. We computed the optical data from monomodal logarithmic particle size distributions, i.e. we explicitly excluded the more complicated case of bimodal particle size distributions which is a topic of ongoing research work. Another constraint is that we only considered particles of spherical shape in our simulations. We considered particle radii as large as 7-10 mu m in our simulations where the Potsdam algorithm is limited to the lower value. We considered optical-data errors of 15% in the simulation studies. We target 50% uncertainty as a reasonable threshold for our data products, though we attempt to obtain data products with less uncertainty in future work. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 565 KW - aerosol-size distribution KW - backscatter lidar data KW - multiwavelength lidar KW - raman-lidar KW - tropospheric aerosol KW - regularization method KW - integral equations KW - optical-data KW - parameters KW - retrieval Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-411934 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 565 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Detlef A1 - Böckmann, Christine A1 - Kolgotin, Alexei A1 - Schneidenbach, Lars A1 - Chemyakin, Eduard A1 - Rosemann, Julia A1 - Znak, Pavel A1 - Romanov, Anton T1 - Microphysical particle properties derived from inversion algorithms developed in the framework of EARLINET JF - Atmospheric measurement techniques : an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union N2 - We present a summary on the current status of two inversion algorithms that are used in EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network) for the inversion of data collected with EARLINET multiwavelength Raman lidars. These instruments measure backscatter coefficients at 355, 532, and 1064 nm, and extinction coefficients at 355 and 532 nm. Development of these two algorithms started in 2000 when EARLINET was founded. The algorithms are based on a manually controlled inversion of optical data which allows for detailed sensitivity studies. The algorithms allow us to derive particle effective radius as well as volume and surface area concentration with comparably high confidence. The retrieval of the real and imaginary parts of the complex refractive index still is a challenge in view of the accuracy required for these parameters in climate change studies in which light absorption needs to be known with high accuracy. It is an extreme challenge to retrieve the real part with an accuracy better than 0.05 and the imaginary part with accuracy better than 0.005-0.1 or +/- 50 %. Single-scattering albedo can be computed from the retrieved microphysical parameters and allows us to categorize aerosols into high-and low-absorbing aerosols. On the basis of a few exemplary simulations with synthetic optical data we discuss the current status of these manually operated algorithms, the potentially achievable accuracy of data products, and the goals for future work. One algorithm was used with the purpose of testing how well microphysical parameters can be derived if the real part of the complex refractive index is known to at least 0.05 or 0.1. The other algorithm was used to find out how well microphysical parameters can be derived if this constraint for the real part is not applied. The optical data used in our study cover a range of Angstrom exponents and extinction-to-backscatter (lidar) ratios that are found from lidar measurements of various aerosol types. We also tested aerosol scenarios that are considered highly unlikely, e.g. the lidar ratios fall outside the commonly accepted range of values measured with Raman lidar, even though the underlying microphysical particle properties are not uncommon. The goal of this part of the study is to test the robustness of the algorithms towards their ability to identify aerosol types that have not been measured so far, but cannot be ruled out based on our current knowledge of aerosol physics. We computed the optical data from monomodal logarithmic particle size distributions, i.e. we explicitly excluded the more complicated case of bimodal particle size distributions which is a topic of ongoing research work. Another constraint is that we only considered particles of spherical shape in our simulations. We considered particle radii as large as 7-10 mu m in our simulations where the Potsdam algorithm is limited to the lower value. We considered optical-data errors of 15% in the simulation studies. We target 50% uncertainty as a reasonable threshold for our data products, though we attempt to obtain data products with less uncertainty in future work. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5007-2016 SN - 1867-1381 SN - 1867-8548 VL - 9 SP - 5007 EP - 5035 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Christina M. A1 - Schulz, Benjamin A1 - Lauterbach, Daniel A1 - Ristow, Michael A1 - Wissemann, Volker A1 - Gemeinholzer, Birgit T1 - Geropogon hybridus (L.) Sch.Bip. (Asteraceae) exhibits micro-geographic genetic divergence at ecological range limits along a steep precipitation gradient T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - We analyzed the population genetic pattern of 12 fragmented Geropogon hybridus ecological range edge populations in Israel along a steep precipitation gradient. In the investigation area (45 x 20 km(2)), the annual mean precipitation changes rapidly from 450 mm in the north (Mediterranean-influenced climate zone) to 300 mm in the south (semiarid climate zone) without significant temperature changes. Our analysis (91 individuals, 12 populations, 123 polymorphic loci) revealed strongly structured populations (AMOVA I broken vertical bar(ST) = 0.35; P < 0.001); however, differentiation did not change gradually toward range edge. IBD was significant (Mantel test r = 0.81; P = 0.001) and derived from sharply divided groups between the northernmost populations and the others further south, due to dispersal or environmental limitations. This was corroborated by the PCA and STRUCTURE analyses. IBD and IBE were significant despite the micro-geographic scale of the study area, which indicates that reduced precipitation toward range edge leads to population genetic divergence. However, this pattern diminished when the hypothesized gene flow barrier was taken into account. Applying the spatial analysis method revealed 11 outlier loci that were correlated to annual precipitation and, moreover, were indicative for putative precipitation-related adaptation (BAYESCAN, MCHEZA). The results suggest that even on micro-geographic scales, environmental factors play prominent roles in population divergence, genetic drift, and directional selection. The pattern is typical for strong environmental gradients, e.g., at species range edges and ecological limits, and if gene flow barriers and mosaic-like structures of fragmented habitats hamper dispersal. KW - environmental association studies KW - fragmented habitats KW - isolation by distance (IBD) KW - isolation by environment (IBE) KW - range edge populations Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427061 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 832 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mühlbauer, Evelyn T1 - Mit Korbmachern zum Sieg BT - Unterrichtsanregungen zur Arbeit am Wortschatz der Basketballsprache JF - Sport als Thema im Deutschunterricht : Fachliche Grundlagen – Unterrichtsanregungen – Unterrichtsmaterialien N2 - 1 Hinführung, 2 Zum Buch, 3 Arbeit am Wortschatz: integrativ im wortschatzdidaktischen Dreischritt, 4 Wortschatz lehren und lernen mit dem Buch „Spielmacher“, 5 Literatur Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-99998 SN - 978-3-86956-381-7 SP - 129 EP - 155 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Möring, Sebastian A1 - Leino, Olli Tapio T1 - Beyond games as political education BT - Neo-liberalism in the contemporary computer game form JF - Journal of Gaming & Virtual Worlds N2 - This article introduces the juxtaposed notions of liberal and neo-liberal gameplay in order to show that, while forms of contemporary game culture are heavily influenced by neo-liberalism, they often appear under a liberal disguise. The argument is grounded in Claus Pias’ idea of games as always a product of their time in terms of economic, political and cultural history. The article shows that romantic play theories (e.g. Schiller, Huizinga and Caillois) are circling around the notion of play as ‘free’, which emerged in parallel with the philosophy of liberalism and respective socio-economic developments such as the industrialization and the rise of the nation state. It shows further that contemporary discourse in computer game studies addresses computer game/play as if it still was the romantic form of play rooted in the paradigm of liberalism. The article holds that an account that acknowledges the neo-liberalist underpinnings of computer games is more suited to addressing contemporary computer games, among which are phenomena such as free to play games, which repeat the structures of a neo-liberal society. In those games the players invest time and effort in developing their skills, although their future value is mainly speculative – just like this is the case for citizens of neo-liberal societies. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1386/jgvw.8.2.145_1 SN - 1757-191X VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 145 EP - 161 PB - Intellect CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Möring, Sebastian A1 - Leino, Olli T1 - Beyond games as political education - neo-liberalism in the contemporary computer game form JF - Journal of gaming & virtual worlds N2 - This article introduces the juxtaposed notions of liberal and neo-liberal gameplay in order to show that, while forms of contemporary game culture are heavily influenced by neo-liberalism, they often appear under a liberal disguise. The argument is grounded in Claus Pias’ idea of games as always a product of their time in terms of economic, political and cultural history. The article shows that romantic play theories (e.g. Schiller, Huizinga and Caillois) are circling around the notion of play as ‘free’, which emerged in parallel with the philosophy of liberalism and respective socio-economic developments such as the industrialization and the rise of the nation state. It shows further that contemporary discourse in computer game studies addresses computer game/play as if it still was the romantic form of play rooted in the paradigm of liberalism. The article holds that an account that acknowledges the neo-liberalist underpinnings of computer games is more suited to addressing contemporary computer games, among which are phenomena such as free to play games, which repeat the structures of a neo-liberal society. In those games the players invest time and effort in developing their skills, although their future value is mainly speculative – just like this is the case for citizens of neo-liberal societies. KW - liberalism KW - neo-liberalism KW - gameplay KW - play theory KW - game studies KW - freedom KW - industrialization KW - free to play Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1386/jgvw.8.2.145_1 SN - 1757-191X SN - 1757-1928 VL - 8 SP - 145 EP - 161 PB - Intellect Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mysiak, Jaroslav A1 - Surminski, Swenja A1 - Thieken, Annegret A1 - Mechler, Reinhard A1 - Aerts, Jeroen C. J. H. T1 - Brief communication BT - Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction - success or warning sign for Paris? T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - In March 2015, a new international blueprint for disaster risk reduction (DRR) was adopted in Sendai, Japan, at the end of the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR, 14-18 March 2015). We review and discuss the agreed commitments and targets, as well as the negotiation leading the Sendai Framework for DRR (SF-DRR) and discuss briefly its implication for the later UN-led negotiations on sustainable development goals and climate change. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 524 Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410149 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 524 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mysiak, Jaroslav A1 - Surminski, Swenja A1 - Thieken, Annegret A1 - Mechler, Reinhard A1 - Aerts, Jeroen C. J. H. T1 - Brief communication: Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction - success or warning sign for Paris? JF - Natural hazards and earth system sciences N2 - In March 2015, a new international blueprint for disaster risk reduction (DRR) was adopted in Sendai, Japan, at the end of the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR, 14-18 March 2015). We review and discuss the agreed commitments and targets, as well as the negotiation leading the Sendai Framework for DRR (SF-DRR) and discuss briefly its implication for the later UN-led negotiations on sustainable development goals and climate change. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2189-2016 SN - 1561-8633 VL - 16 SP - 2189 EP - 2193 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Myachykov, Andriy A1 - Ellis, Rob A1 - Cangelosi, Angelo A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - Ocular drift along the mental number line JF - Psychological research : an international journal of perception, attention, memory, and action N2 - We examined the spontaneous association between numbers and space by documenting attention deployment and the time course of associated spatial-numerical mapping with and without overt oculomotor responses. In Experiment 1, participants maintained central fixation while listening to number names. In Experiment 2, they made horizontal target-direct saccades following auditory number presentation. In both experiments, we continuously measured spontaneous ocular drift in horizontal space during and after number presentation. Experiment 2 also measured visual-probe-directed saccades following number presentation. Reliable ocular drift congruent with a horizontal mental number line emerged during and after number presentation in both experiments. Our results provide new evidence for the implicit and automatic nature of the oculomotor resonance effect associated with the horizontal spatial-numerical mapping mechanism. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-015-0731-4 SN - 0340-0727 SN - 1430-2772 VL - 80 SP - 379 EP - 388 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Myachykov, Andriy A1 - Ellis, Rob A1 - Cangelosi, Angelo A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - Ocular drift along the mental number line T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - We examined the spontaneous association between numbers and space by documenting attention deployment and the time course of associated spatial-numerical mapping with and without overt oculomotor responses. In Experiment 1, participants maintained central fixation while listening to number names. In Experiment 2, they made horizontal target-direct saccades following auditory number presentation. In both experiments, we continuously measured spontaneous ocular drift in horizontal space during and after number presentation. Experiment 2 also measured visual-probe-directed saccades following number presentation. Reliable ocular drift congruent with a horizontal mental number line emerged during and after number presentation in both experiments. Our results provide new evidence for the implicit and automatic nature of the oculomotor resonance effect associated with the horizontal spatial-numerical mapping mechanism. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 553 KW - catch trial KW - number word KW - numerical magnitude KW - saccade task KW - SNARC effect Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430483 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 553 SP - 379 EP - 388 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Musolff, Andreas A1 - Schmidt, Christian A1 - Rode, Michael A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar A1 - Weise, Stephan M. A1 - Fleckenstein, Jan H. T1 - Groundwater head controls nitrate export from an agricultural lowland catchment JF - Advances in water resources N2 - Solute concentration variability is of fundamental importance for the chemical and ecological state of streams. It is often closely related to discharge variability and can be characterized in terms of a solute export regime. Previous studies, especially in lowland catchments, report that nitrate is often exported with an accretion pattern of increasing concentrations with increasing discharge. Several modeling approaches exist to predict the export regime of solutes from the spatial relationship of discharge generating zones with solute availability in the catchment. For a small agriculturally managed lowland catchment in central Germany, we show that this relationship is controlled by the depth to groundwater table and its temporal dynamics. Principal component analysis of groundwater level time series from wells distributed throughout the catchment allowed derivation of a representative groundwater level time series that explained most of the discharge variability. Groundwater sampling revealed consistently decreasing nitrate concentrations with an increasing thickness of the unsaturated zone. The relationships of depth to groundwater table to discharge and to nitrate concentration were parameterized and integrated to successfully model catchment discharge and nitrate export on the basis of groundwater level variations alone. This study shows that intensive and uniform agricultural land use likely results in a clear and consistent concentration-depth relationship of nitrate, which can be utilized in simple approaches to predict stream nitrate export dynamics at the catchment scale. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Water quality KW - Nitrate KW - Lowland catchment KW - Export regime KW - Concentration-discharge relationship Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.07.003 SN - 0309-1708 SN - 1872-9657 VL - 96 SP - 95 EP - 107 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Musil, Andreas A1 - Burchard, Daniel T1 - Klausurenkurs im Europarecht BT - ein Fall- und Repetitionsbuch für Pflichtfach und Schwerpunktbereich T3 - Schwerpunkt Klausurenkurs N2 - Jetzt mit zwei neuen Fällen! Die 4. Auflage enhält einen neuen Fall zum Datenschutzrecht und einen zusätzlichen Fall zu sozialrechtlichen Aspekten des Europarechts. Die Konzeption: Dieser Klausurenkurs ist die optimale Ergänzung zum Standardlehrbuch zum Europarecht von Streinz. Angesprochen werden neben den Studierenden des Schwerpunktbereichs Internationales Recht/Europarecht, (deren Bedürfnisse durch das Buch in vollem Umfang abgedeckt werden) auch und insbesondere Pflichtfachstudierende. Sie erhalten das nötige Rüstzeug für examensrelevante Fragestellungen im Europarecht und erhalten einen Eindruck von der Vielfalt von Aufgabenstellungen, den unterschiedlichen Schwierigkeitsgraden sowie den damit verbundenen Erwartungshaltungen an den Klausurschreiber. Der Inhalt im Einzelnen: Der Band ist in drei Kapitel untergliedert. Zu Beginn werden die Arbeitsmöglichkeiten für die beiden angesprochenen Zielgruppen aufgezeigt. Im 2. Kapitel werden sodann auf abstrakter Ebene diejenigen Klausurkonstellationen dargestellt, die im Gemeinschaftsrecht relevant werden können. Hier findet der Leser den allgemeinen Zugang zu klausurrelevanten Fallgestaltungen. Den Kern des Buches bildet der Klausurenteil im 3. Kapitel. Er enthält 23 Fälle, welchen jeweils Leitentscheidungen des EuGH und anderer Gerichte zugrunde liegen. Die entschiedenen Fälle werden klausurtechnisch aufbereitet und um angrenzende Problempunkte ergänzt, so dass jeweils komplette Klausuraufgaben entstehen. Die Verwendungsmöglichkeit als Prüfungsleistung (Schwerpunkt- oder Pflichtfachklausur) wird im Rahmen der Vorüberlegungen zu jedem Fall erläutert. Abgerundet wird der Klausurenteil durch entsprechende Prüfungsschemata. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-8114-4316-7 PB - Müller CY - Heidelberg ET - 4., neu bearb Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Linden, Michael A1 - Joebges, Michael T1 - Work-Anxiety and Sickness Absence After a Short Inpatient Cognitive Behavioral Group Intervention in Comparison to a Recreational Group Meeting JF - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine N2 - Objective: The aim of this study was to study the effects of a short-term cognitive behavior therapy on work-anxiety and sickness-absence in patients with work-anxiety. Methods: Three-hundred forty-five inpatients who suffered from cardiologic, neurological, or orthopedic problems and additionally work-anxiety were randomly assigned into two different group interventions. Patients got four sessions of a group intervention, which either focused on cognitive behavior-therapy anxiety-management (work-anxiety coping group, WAG) or unspecific recreational activities (RG). Results: No differences were found between WAG and RG for work-anxiety and subjective work ability. When looking at patients who were suffering only from work-anxiety, and no additional mental disorder, the duration of sickness absence until 6 months follow-up was shorter in the WAG (WAG: 11 weeks, RG: 16 weeks, P = 0.050). Conclusion: A shortterm WAG may help return to work in patients with work-anxieties, as long as there is no comorbid mental disorder. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000678 SN - 1076-2752 SN - 1536-5948 VL - 58 SP - 398 EP - 406 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Philadelphia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Fay, Doris A1 - Seemann, Anne T1 - Asking for work adjustments or initiating behavioural changes - what study on the reactions towards colleagues with a personality disorder JF - Fundamenta informaticae N2 - People with mental disorders, especially personality disorders, often face low acceptance at work. This is particularly problematic when returning to work after sick leave, because it impedes reintegration into the former workplace. This study explores colleagues’ reactions towards a problematic worker dependent on the returning person’s reintegration strategy: The returning person undertaking changes in their behaviour is compared with the person requesting adjustments of the workplace. In an experimental study, 188 employed persons read one of four vignettes that described a return-to-work-situation of a problematic co-worker. Across all vignettes, the co-worker was depicted as having previously caused problems in the work team. In the first vignette, the co-worker did not change anything (control condition) when she returned to work; in the second, she asked for workplace adjustments; in the third vignette she initiated efforts to change her own behaviour; and the fourth vignette combined both workplace adjustments and behavioural change. Study participants were asked for their reactions towards the problematic co-worker. Vignettes that included a behavioural change evoked more positive reactions towards the co-worker than vignettes without any behavioural change. Asking for workplace adjustments alone did not yield more positive reactions compared to not initiating any change. When preparing employees with interactional problems for their return to work, it is not effective to only instruct them on their statutory entitlement for workplace adjustments. Instead, it is advisable to encourage them to proactively strive for behaviour changes. KW - Workplace KW - personality disorders KW - mental health KW - sick leave KW - acceptance KW - social distance Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2015.1109671 SN - 1354-8506 SN - 1465-3966 VL - 21 SP - 856 EP - 862 PB - IOS Press CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Fay, Doris A1 - Linden, M. T1 - Self-reported workplace perception as indicators of work anxieties JF - Occupational medicine N2 - Work anxiety is a potentially disabling mental health problem, which can cause (long-term) sickness absence. In many cases patients do not openly report their anxieties and tend to give externalizing explanations of inner problems. Therefore people with work anxiety may perceive their workplace more negatively than those without such anxiety. To investigate the relation between subjective work description and work anxiety. There were 148 inpatient participants and 8015 general population controls. Patients with work anxiety described their workplace significantly more negatively than patients without work anxiety and employees in the general population, with no differences in workplace descriptions between psychosomatic patients without work anxiety and the general population sample. The type of complaint about work conditions was related to the specific type of work anxiety. Reports about workplace burdens can be indicative of work anxiety and should prompt further in-depth assessments. The content of complaints about work conditions may point to the type of underlying work anxiety. KW - Anxiety KW - diagnostic KW - sickness absence KW - work anxiety KW - workplace Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv160 SN - 0962-7480 SN - 1471-8405 VL - 66 SP - 168 EP - 170 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate A1 - Fay, Doris A1 - Hoffmann, Karin T1 - Inventory for Job Coping and Return Intention (JoCoRi) JF - Diagnostica N2 - Ein großer Anteil der Erwerbstätigen ist aufgrund gesundheitlicher Einschränkungen einmalig oder mehrfach in seiner Berufsbiografie längere Zeit arbeitsunfähig. Auf Grundlage etablierter psychologischer Konstrukte und empirischer Befunde wurde ein spezifisch arbeitsbezogenes Inventar für Job-Coping und Rückkehrintention (JoCoRi) entwickelt. Der Selbsteinschätzungsfragebogen wurde an drei unabhängigen Stichproben (N = 243, N = 337, N = 111) von Rehabilitationspatienten aus Psychosomatik, Orthopädie, Kardiologie und Neurologie geprüft. Faktorenanalytische Ergebnisse der ersten Stichprobe bestätigen eine mehrfaktorielle Struktur. Das Inventar enthält 30 Items in 7 Skalen: 1. Arbeitsbezogene Rückkehrintention und -planung, 2. Arbeitsbezogene Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung, 3. Arbeitsbezogene Selbstberuhigung und Selbstinstruktion, 4. Arbeitsbezogene externale Kontrollüberzeugung, 5. Aktives Coping am Arbeitsplatz, 6. Bedeutung der Arbeit, 7. Kontrollüberzeugung bzgl. der Arbeitsaufnahme. Die Varianzaufklärung liegt bei 68 %. 25 Items haben Hauptladungen > .60. Interne Konsistenzen und Trennschärfen sind überwiegend zufriedenstellend. Die Modellgüte der konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse ist überzeugend. Das Modell ist in einer unabhängigen Stichprobe stabil (N = 337). Die Skalen wurden mit inhaltlich analogen Globalkonstrukten validiert. Die mehrfaktorielle Struktur kann in der zweiten Stichprobe repliziert werden. Eine längsschnittliche Analyse der dritten Stichprobe prüft die prädiktive Validität der Rückkehrintentionsskala; sie wird hinsichtlich Arbeitsunfähigkeitsdauer und Arbeitsfähigkeitsstatus bestätigt. KW - return-to-work intention KW - work-related coping KW - scale development KW - work anxieties Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000146 SN - 0012-1924 SN - 2190-622X VL - 62 SP - 143 EP - 156 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate T1 - Different work capacity impairments in patients with different work-anxieties JF - International archives of occupational and environmental health N2 - Purpose Persons with work-anxieties are especially endangered for work capacity impairment and sick leave. Work capacity impairment is not directly due to symptoms but due to illness-related capacity disorders. Work capacity impairments can be described on different dimensions (e.g., social interaction, decision making and judgment, endurance, mobility). Understanding the type of work capacity impairment is important for reintegration interventions. This is the first study to investigate work capacity impairment in risk patients with different work-anxieties. Results Patients with different work-anxieties were impaired in different capacity dimensions: Work-related social anxiety went along with clinically relevant impairment in capacity of assertiveness (M = 2.40), anxiety of insufficiency went along with impaired capacity of endurance (M = 2.20), and work-related generalized worrying was accompanied by impairment in the capacity for decision making (M = 1.82). Specific capacity impairment dimensions were related to sick leave duration, while a global work ability prognosis was not. Conclusions The capacity approach is useful to describe work impairment more precisely and beyond symptoms. On this basis, reintegration-focusing interventions such as capacity training (e.g., social interaction training) or work adjustment (e.g., reducing exposure with interactional work tasks) can be initiated. KW - Work ability KW - Work-anxiety KW - Sick leave KW - Impairment KW - Mental disorders KW - ICF Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1099-x SN - 0340-0131 SN - 1432-1246 VL - 89 SP - 609 EP - 619 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muschalla, Beate T1 - Negative work perception not changed in a short work-anxiety-coping group therapy intervention JF - International journal of occupational and environmental health N2 - Background: Work anxiety is often associated with long-term sick leave and requires early intervention. Work anxieties are associated with negative work perception. Therefore, one aim in early intervention is a cognitive reframing of dysfunctional perceptions of workplace characteristics. Methods: A psychotherapeutic specialist conducted two group programs of four sessions each. One hundred twenty-three rehabilitation in-patients with work anxieties were randomly assigned either to a work anxiety-coping group or to a recreational group. The Short Questionnaire for Work Analysis (KFZA) was administered before and after the group treatment to measure perceptions of working conditions. Results: Participants from the work anxiety-coping group did not see their work in a significantly more positive light at the end of the intervention compared to participants from the recreational group. Conclusions: A short work anxiety-coping group did not initiate a consistent positive re-appraisal of work. Employers and occupational physicians should not expect positive changes of work perception when an employee returns from short medical rehabilitation including work-directed treatment. Additional support from the workplace must be considered, e.g. employer-physician-employee conversation preceding return to work, or (temporary) work adjustment. KW - Workplace KW - Mental health KW - Anxiety KW - Sick leave KW - Work-oriented interventions KW - Work perception KW - Return to work KW - Mental disorders Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10773525.2016.1238663 SN - 1077-3525 SN - 2049-3967 VL - 22 SP - 321 EP - 324 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Murawski, Aline A1 - Bürger, Gerd A1 - Vorogushyn, Sergiy A1 - Merz, Bruno T1 - Can local climate variability be explained by weather patterns? A multi-station evaluation for the Rhine basin JF - Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS N2 - To understand past flood changes in the Rhine catchment and in particular the role of anthropogenic climate change in extreme flows, an attribution study relying on a proper GCM (general circulation model) downscaling is needed. A downscaling based on conditioning a stochastic weather generator on weather patterns is a promising approach. This approach assumes a strong link between weather patterns and local climate, and sufficient GCM skill in reproducing weather pattern climatology. These presuppositions are unprecedentedly evaluated here using 111 years of daily climate data from 490 stations in the Rhine basin and comprehensively testing the number of classification parameters and GCM weather pattern characteristics. A classification based on a combination of mean sea level pressure, temperature, and humidity from the ERA20C reanalysis of atmospheric fields over central Europe with 40 weather types was found to be the most appropriate for stratifying six local climate variables. The corresponding skill is quite diverse though, ranging from good for radiation to poor for precipitation. Especially for the latter it was apparent that pressure fields alone cannot sufficiently stratify local variability. To test the skill of the latest generation of GCMs from the CMIP5 ensemble in reproducing the frequency, seasonality, and persistence of the derived weather patterns, output from 15 GCMs is evaluated. Most GCMs are able to capture these characteristics well, but some models showed consistent deviations in all three evaluation criteria and should be excluded from further attribution analysis. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4283-2016 SN - 1027-5606 SN - 1607-7938 VL - 20 SP - 4283 EP - 4306 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Murawski, Aline A1 - Bürger, Gerd A1 - Vorogushyn, Sergiy A1 - Merz, Bruno T1 - Can local climate variability be explained by weather patterns? BT - a multi-station evaluation for the Rhine basin T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - To understand past flood changes in the Rhine catchment and in particular the role of anthropogenic climate change in extreme flows, an attribution study relying on a proper GCM (general circulation model) downscaling is needed. A downscaling based on conditioning a stochastic weather generator on weather patterns is a promising approach. This approach assumes a strong link between weather patterns and local climate, and sufficient GCM skill in reproducing weather pattern climatology. These presuppositions are unprecedentedly evaluated here using 111 years of daily climate data from 490 stations in the Rhine basin and comprehensively testing the number of classification parameters and GCM weather pattern characteristics. A classification based on a combination of mean sea level pressure, temperature, and humidity from the ERA20C reanalysis of atmospheric fields over central Europe with 40 weather types was found to be the most appropriate for stratifying six local climate variables. The corresponding skill is quite diverse though, ranging from good for radiation to poor for precipitation. Especially for the latter it was apparent that pressure fields alone cannot sufficiently stratify local variability. To test the skill of the latest generation of GCMs from the CMIP5 ensemble in reproducing the frequency, seasonality, and persistence of the derived weather patterns, output from 15 GCMs is evaluated. Most GCMs are able to capture these characteristics well, but some models showed consistent deviations in all three evaluation criteria and should be excluded from further attribution analysis. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 525 KW - athmospheric circulation patterns KW - stochastic rainfall model KW - within-type variability KW - river Rhine KW - precipitation KW - temperature KW - trends KW - classification KW - Europe KW - scenarios Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-410155 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 525 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Munz, Matthias A1 - Oswald, Sascha Eric A1 - Schmidt, Christian T1 - Analysis of riverbed temperatures to determine the geometry of subsurface water flow around in-stream geomorphological structures JF - Journal of hydrology N2 - The analytical evaluation of diurnal temperature variation in riverbed sediments provides detailed information on exchange fluxes between rivers and groundwater. The underlying assumption of the stationary, one-dimensional vertical flow field is frequently violated in natural systems where subsurface water flow often has a significant horizontal component. In this paper, we present a new methodology for identifying the geometry of the subsurface flow field using vertical temperature profiles. The statistical analyses are based on model optimisation and selection and are used to evaluate the shape of vertical amplitude ratio profiles. The method was applied to multiple profiles measured around in-stream geomorphological structures in a losing reach of a gravel bed river. The predominant subsurface flow field was systematically categorised in purely vertical and horizontal (hyporheic, parafluvial) components. The results highlight that river groundwater exchange flux at the head, crest and tail of geomorphological structures significantly deviated from the one-dimensional vertical flow, due to a significant horizontal component. The geometry of the subsurface water flow depended on the position around the geomorphological structures and on the river level. The methodology presented in this paper features great potential for characterising the spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of complex subsurface flow geometries by using measured temperature time series in vertical profiles. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Temperature time series KW - Amplitude ratio KW - River-groundwater exchange KW - Hyporheic zone KW - In-stream geomorphological structures KW - River restoration Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.012 SN - 0022-1694 SN - 1879-2707 VL - 539 SP - 74 EP - 87 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Munack, Henry A1 - Blöthe, Jan Henrik A1 - Fülöp, R. H. A1 - Codilean, Alexandru T. A1 - Fink, D. A1 - Korup, Oliver T1 - Recycling of Pleistocene valley fills dominates 135 ka of sediment flux, upper Indus River JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal KW - Transhimalaya KW - Zanskar KW - Indus KW - Valley fill KW - Drainage capture KW - In-situ cosmogenic Be-10 Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.030 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 149 SP - 122 EP - 134 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mumm, Rebekka A1 - Ipsen, Marie Josephin A1 - Hermanussen, Michael T1 - The association of weight, weight variability and socioeconomic situation among children JF - European journal of clinical nutrition N2 - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We studied the association of body weight and weight variability among populations from different geographic, historic and socioeconomic background. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We reanalyzed data from 833 growth studies of 78 different countries from 1920 to 2013. We used data from two age groups-infants (age 2 years) and juvenile (age 7 years)-and divided the studies into two geographic-socioeconomic groups. RESULTS: Multiple regressions showed significant interactions between weight, sex, historic year of study, continent and within-study standard deviation. Multiple regression revealed R-2 = 0.256 (P<0.001) at age 2 years and R-2 = 0.478 (P<0.001) at age 7 years. Although infants and juveniles in more affluent countries are heavier than children in less affluent countries (P<0.001), the within-study standard deviation of the two geographic-socioeconomic groups differs at age 7 years (P<0.001) but not at age 2 years (P>0.15). CONCLUSIONS: The general impression that prosperous conditions lead to growth improvements in height and weight appears to be true only at a large scale: wealthy countries have tall and heavy children. At small scale, the situation is different. Whereas economic and nutritional improvements can exhibit substantial effects in weight gains, the discrepancy between the within-population variation in height and weight strongly suggests that height gains and weight gains are subject to different regulations. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2016.21 SN - 0954-3007 SN - 1476-5640 VL - 70 SP - 650 EP - 652 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mumm, Rebekka A1 - Hermanussen, Michael A1 - Scheffler, Christiane T1 - voice break as the marker of biological age JF - Acta paediatrica : nurturing the child N2 - Aim: We aimed to develop the first references for body height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) for boys based on the individual developmental tempo with respect to their voice break status. Methods: We re-analysed data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS study) on body height, body weight and body mass index based on the voice break, or mutation, in 3956 boys aged 10-17 years. We used the LMS method to construct smoothed references centiles for the studied variables in premutational, mutational and postmutational boys. Results: Body height, body weight and BMI differed significantly (p < 0.001) between the different stages of voice break. On average, boys were 5.9 cm taller, 5.8 kg heavier and had a 0.7 kg/m(2) higher BMI with every higher stage of voice break. Currently used growth references for chronological age in comparison with maturity-related references led to an average of 5.4% of boys being falsely classified as overweight. KW - Body mass index KW - Developmental tempo KW - Growth reference values KW - Overweight KW - Voice break Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13488 SN - 0803-5253 SN - 1651-2227 VL - 105 SP - e459 EP - e463 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Muino, Jose M. A1 - de Bruijn, Suzanne A1 - Pajoro, Alice A1 - Geuten, Koen A1 - Vingron, Martin A1 - Angenent, Gerco C. A1 - Kaufmann, Kerstin T1 - Evolution of DNA-Binding Sites of a Floral Master Regulatory Transcription Factor JF - Molecular biology and evolution N2 - Flower development is controlled by the action of key regulatory transcription factors of the MADS-domain family. The function of these factors appears to be highly conserved among species based on mutant phenotypes. However, the conservation of their downstream processes is much less well understood, mostly because the evolutionary turnover and variation of their DNA-binding sites (BSs) among plant species have not yet been experimentally determined. Here, we performed comparative ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation)-seq experiments of the MADS-domain transcription factor SEPALLATA3 (SEP3) in two closely related Arabidopsis species: Arabidopsis thaliana and A. lyrata which have very similar floral organ morphology. We found that BS conservation is associated with DNA sequence conservation, the presence of the CArG-box BS motif and on the relative position of the BS to its potential target gene. Differences in genome size and structure can explain that SEP3 BSs in A. lyrata can be located more distantly to their potential target genes than their counterparts in A. thaliana. In A. lyrata, we identified transposition as a mechanism to generate novel SEP3 binding locations in the genome. Comparative gene expression analysis shows that the loss/gain of BSs is associated with a change in gene expression. In summary, this study investigates the evolutionary dynamics of DNA BSs of a floral key-regulatory transcription factor and explores factors affecting this phenomenon. KW - MADS-domain transcription factor KW - cis-regulatory evolution KW - plant development Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msv210 SN - 0737-4038 SN - 1537-1719 VL - 33 SP - 185 EP - 200 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mueller, Steffen A1 - Carlsohn, Anja A1 - Mueller, Juliane A1 - Baur, Heiner A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Influence of Obesity on Foot Loading Characteristics in Gait for Children Aged 1 to 12 Years JF - PLoS one N2 - Background Overweight and obesity are increasing health problems that are not restricted to adults only. Childhood obesity is associated with metabolic, psychological and musculoskeletal comorbidities. However, knowledge about the effect of obesity on the foot function across maturation is lacking. Decreased foot function with disproportional loading characteristics is expected for obese children. The aim of this study was to examine foot loading characteristics during gait of normal-weight, overweight and obese children aged 1-12 years. Methods Results Mean walking velocity was 0.95 +/- 0.25 m/s with no differences between normal-weight, overweight or obese children (p = 0.0841). Results show higher foot contact area, arch index, peak pressure and force time integral in overweight and obese children (p< 0.001). Obese children showed the 1.48-fold (1 year-old) to 3.49-fold (10 year-old) midfoot loading (FTI) compared to normal-weight. Conclusion Additional body mass leads to higher overall load, with disproportional impact on the midfoot area and longitudinal foot arch showing characteristic foot loading patterns. Already the feet of one and two year old children are significantly affected. Childhood overweight and obesity is not compensated by the musculoskeletal system. To avoid excessive foot loading with potential risk of discomfort or pain in childhood, prevention strategies should be developed and validated for children with a high body mass index and functional changes in the midfoot area. The presented plantar pressure values could additionally serve as reference data to identify suspicious foot loading patterns in children. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149924 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 SP - 1710 EP - 1717 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - THES A1 - Mueller, Stefanie T1 - Interacting with personal fabrication devices T1 - Interaktion mit Personal Fabrication Geräten N2 - Personal fabrication tools, such as 3D printers, are on the way of enabling a future in which non-technical users will be able to create custom objects. However, while the hardware is there, the current interaction model behind existing design tools is not suitable for non-technical users. Today, 3D printers are operated by fabricating the object in one go, which tends to take overnight due to the slow 3D printing technology. Consequently, the current interaction model requires users to think carefully before printing as every mistake may imply another overnight print. Planning every step ahead, however, is not feasible for non-technical users as they lack the experience to reason about the consequences of their design decisions. In this dissertation, we propose changing the interaction model around personal fabrication tools to better serve this user group. We draw inspiration from personal computing and argue that the evolution of personal fabrication may resemble the evolution of personal computing: Computing started with machines that executed a program in one go before returning the result to the user. By decreasing the interaction unit to single requests, turn-taking systems such as the command line evolved, which provided users with feedback after every input. Finally, with the introduction of direct-manipulation interfaces, users continuously interacted with a program receiving feedback about every action in real-time. In this dissertation, we explore whether these interaction concepts can be applied to personal fabrication as well. We start with fabricating an object in one go and investigate how to tighten the feedback-cycle on an object-level: We contribute a method called low-fidelity fabrication, which saves up to 90% fabrication time by creating objects as fast low-fidelity previews, which are sufficient to evaluate key design aspects. Depending on what is currently being tested, we propose different conversions that enable users to focus on different parts: faBrickator allows for a modular design in the early stages of prototyping; when users move on WirePrint allows quickly testing an object's shape, while Platener allows testing an object's technical function. We present an interactive editor for each technique and explain the underlying conversion algorithms. By interacting on smaller units, such as a single element of an object, we explore what it means to transition from systems that fabricate objects in one go to turn-taking systems. We start with a 2D system called constructable: Users draw with a laser pointer onto the workpiece inside a laser cutter. The drawing is captured with an overhead camera. As soon as the the user finishes drawing an element, such as a line, the constructable system beautifies the path and cuts it--resulting in physical output after every editing step. We extend constructable towards 3D editing by developing a novel laser-cutting technique for 3D objects called LaserOrigami that works by heating up the workpiece with the defocused laser until the material becomes compliant and bends down under gravity. While constructable and LaserOrigami allow for fast physical feedback, the interaction is still best described as turn-taking since it consists of two discrete steps: users first create an input and afterwards the system provides physical output. By decreasing the interaction unit even further to a single feature, we can achieve real-time physical feedback: Input by the user and output by the fabrication device are so tightly coupled that no visible lag exists. This allows us to explore what it means to transition from turn-taking interfaces, which only allow exploring one option at a time, to direct manipulation interfaces with real-time physical feedback, which allow users to explore the entire space of options continuously with a single interaction. We present a system called FormFab, which allows for such direct control. FormFab is based on the same principle as LaserOrigami: It uses a workpiece that when warmed up becomes compliant and can be reshaped. However, FormFab achieves the reshaping not based on gravity, but through a pneumatic system that users can control interactively. As users interact, they see the shape change in real-time. We conclude this dissertation by extrapolating the current evolution into a future in which large numbers of people use the new technology to create objects. We see two additional challenges on the horizon: sustainability and intellectual property. We investigate sustainability by demonstrating how to print less and instead patch physical objects. We explore questions around intellectual property with a system called Scotty that transfers objects without creating duplicates, thereby preserving the designer's copyright. N2 - Personal Fabrication Geräte, wie zum Beispiel 3D Drucker, sind dabei eine Zukunft zu ermöglichen in der selbst Benutzer ohne technisches Fachwissen eigene Objekte erstellen können. Obwohl die Hardware nun verfügbar ist, gibt es derzeit kein geeignetes Interaktionsmodel für Benutzer ohne Fachwissen. Heutzutage werden Objekte mit dem 3D Drucker in einem Stück hergestellt. Da der 3D Druck noch ein sehr langsames Verfahren ist und häufig so lange dauert, dass das Objekt über Nacht hergestellt werden muss, müssen Benutzer sorgfältig alles überprüfen bevor sie den Druckauftrag abschicken, da jeder Fehler einen weiteren Tag Wartezeit bedeuten kann. Benutzer ohne technischen Hintergrund haben jedoch nicht das notwendige Fachwissen um alle Faktoren vorhersagen zu können. In dieser Dissertation schlagen wir vor das Interaktionsmodel von Personal Fabrication Geräten zu ändern, um diese Benutzer besser zu unterstützen. Wir argumentieren, dass die Entwicklung von Personal Fabrication Geräten der Entwicklung von Personal Computern gleicht. Die ersten Computer arbeiteten ein Programm vollständig ab, bevor sie ein Ergebnis an den Benutzer zurückgaben. Durch die Verkleinerung der Interaktionseinheit von ganzen Programmen zu einzelnen Anfragen wurden turn-taking Systeme wie die Kommandozeile möglich. Mit der Einführung von direkter Manipulation konnten Benutzer schließlich kontinuierlich mit dem Program arbeiten: sie erhielten Feedback über jede einzelne Interaktion in Echtzeit. Wir untersuchen in dieser Arbeit ob die gleichen Interaktionskonzepte auf Personal Fabrication Geräte angewendet werden können. Wir beginnen diese Arbeit damit zu untersuchen wie man die Feedbackzeit bei der Interaktion mit ganzen Objekten verkürzen kann. Wir präsentieren eine Methode mit dem Namen Low-fidelity Fabrication, die bis zu 90% Druckzeit spart. Low-fidelity fabrication ist schnell, weil es 3D Modelle als grobe Vorschauobjekte druckt, die aber ausreichen um die Aspekte zu testen, die gerade wichtig sind. Abhängig vom aktuellen Testfokus schlagen wir vor verschiedene Konvertierungen vorzunehmen: Unser System faBrickator ist besonders für die ersten Testläufe geeignet, wenn ein modulares Design wichtig ist. Unser System WirePrint ist besonders nützlich im nächsten Schritt, wenn die Form des Objektes erhalten bleiben soll. Am Ende erlaubt unser System Platener ein Objekt so zu konvertieren, dass die technische Funktion des Objektes bewahrt wird. Wir erklären das Design unserer interaktiven Editoren und die zugrunde liegenden Konvertierungsalgorithmen. Durch die Verkleinerung der Interaktionseinheit auf ein einzelnes Element, wie zum Beispiel einer Linie, untersuchen wir wie man Objekt-basierte Fabrikationssysteme in turn-taking Systeme umwandeln kann. Wir zeigen unser 2D System constructable, das auf einem Laser-Cutter basiert. Benutzer von constructable verwenden einen Laserpointer um auf das Werkstück im Laser-Cutter zu zeichnen. Die Zeichnung wird mit einer Kamera aufgenommen, korrigiert, und anschließend direkt mit dem Laser-Cutter ausgeschnitten. Wir erweitern constructable zu 3D mit unserer neuen Laser-Cutter Technologie Laser-Origami. LaserOrigami erzeugt 3D Objekte, indem es mit dem defokussierten Laser das Werkstück erhitzt bis es verformbar wird, die Schwerkraft biegt das Werkstück anschließend in seine 3D Form. Obwohl constructable und LaserOrigami physisches Feedback schnell erzeugen, ist die Interaktion dennoch am besten als turn-taking zu beschreiben: Benutzer editieren zuerst und sehen danach das Ergebnis. Indem wir die Interaktionseinheit noch einmal verkleinern, nun auf ein einziges Feature, können wir Echtzeitfabrikation erreichen: Benutzereingabe und physisches Feedback sind so eng miteinander verbunden, dass es keine sichtbare Verzögerung mehr gibt. Damit können wir untersuchen, was es bedeutet von turn-taking Systemen zu direkter Manipulation überzugehen. Wir zeigen ein System mit dem Namen FormFab, das solch eine direkte interaktive Kontrolle ermöglicht. FormFab basiert auf dem gleichen Prinzip wie LaserOrigami: Ein Werkstück wird erhitzt bis es verformbar wird. Allerdings verwendet FormFab nicht die Schwerkraft zum verformen, sondern ein pneumatisches System, das Benutzer interaktiv steuern können. Wenn Benutzer den Luftdruck ändern, sehen sie wie sich die Größe der Form in Echtzeit ändert. Dies erlaubt ihnen die beste Entscheidung zu treffen während sie verschiedene Optionen evaluieren. Im letzten Kapitel dieser Dissertation extrapolieren wir die aktuelle Entwicklung in eine Zukunft in der eine große Anzahl von Personen eigene Objekte herstellen werden. Dabei entstehen zwei neue Herausforderungen: Nachhaltigkeit und das Bewahren von intellektuellem Eigentum. KW - human computer interaction KW - 3D printing KW - 3D Drucken KW - Laser Cutten KW - Interaktionsmodel Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-100908 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mueller, R. A1 - Heinicke, T. A1 - Juschus, O. A1 - Zeitz, Jutta T1 - Genesis and abiotic characteristics of three high-altitude peatlands in the Tien Shan Mountains (Kyrgyzstan), with focus on silty peatland substrates JF - Mires and peat N2 - Peatlands are scarce and threatened ecosystems in the semiarid region of Kyrgyzstan. Knowledge about the Kyrgyz peatlands is still poor and, especially, their genesis has hardly been investigated so far. Typically, the peatland substrates are characterised by the admixture of silt-sized particles in various quantities. In this work we report the abiotic properties and genesis of three peatlands within different altitudinal zones in southern Kyrgyzstan. We surveyed the stratification of the peatlands and their water chemistry. In addition, we investigated whether the silt found in the peatland substrates was deposited by wind, rivers or springs. The mineral constituents of the peatland substrates were analysed for particle size distribution and their elemental composition was compared with that of nearby loess, river and spring sediments using the immobile trace element titanium. One peatland shows a high abundance of different peatland substrates, indicating a frequent change of ecological conditions in the past. All three peatlands are fed by groundwater. Overgrazing and trampling by cattle has led to recent degradation of the upper peat layer. The resulting compaction of the peats prevents water from seeping into the substrates of the peatlands and subsequently changes their hydrology. Our results indicate that both wind and rivers have deposited silt in the peatlands, depending on their positions in the relief. Silts may also have been relocated by springs within the peatlands. KW - aeolian KW - fluvial KW - mire KW - particle size KW - X-ray fluorescence Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.19189/MaP.2015.OMB.217 SN - 1819-754X VL - 18 PB - International Peat Society CY - Dundee ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mueller, Lars A1 - Nanova, Diana A1 - Glaser, Tobias A1 - Beck, Sebastian A1 - Pucci, Annemarie A1 - Kast, Anne K. A1 - Schroeder, Rasmus R. A1 - Mankel, Eric A1 - Pingel, Patrick A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Kowalsky, Wolfgang A1 - Lovrincic, Robert T1 - Charge-Transfer-Solvent Interaction Predefines Doping Efficiency in p-Doped P3HT Films JF - Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society N2 - Efficient electrical doping of organic semiconductors is a necessary prerequisite for the fabrication of high performance organic electronic devices. In this work, we study p-type doping of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F(4)TCNQ) spin-cast from two different solvents. Using electron diffraction, we find strong dopant-induced pi-pi-stacking for films from the solvent chloroform, but not from chlorobenzene. This image is confirmed and expanded by the analysis of vibrational features of P3HT and polaron absorptions using optical spectroscopy. Here, a red-shifted polaron absorption is found in doped films from chloroform, caused by a higher conjugation length of the polymer backbone. These differences result in a higher conductivity of films from chloroform. We use optical spectroscopy on the corresponding blend solutions to shed light on the origin of this effect and propose a model to explain why solutions of doped P3HT reveal more aggregation of charged molecules in chlorobenzene, whereas more order is finally observed in dried films from chloroform. Our study emphasizes the importance of solvent parameters exceeding the bare solubility of pure dopant and host material for the preparation of highly conductive doped films. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01629 SN - 0897-4756 SN - 1520-5002 VL - 28 SP - 4432 EP - 4439 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER -