TY  - JOUR
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Schukze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Allan, Eric
A1  - Beßler, Holger
A1  - Bonkowski, Michael
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Buscot, François
A1  - Clement, Lars W.
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Halle, Stefan
A1  - Kertscher, Ilona
A1  - Klein, Alexandra Maria
A1  - Koller, Robert
A1  - König, Stephan
A1  - Kowalski, Esther
A1  - Kummer, Volker
A1  - Kuu, Annely
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Lauterbach, Dirk
T1  - Bottom-up effects of plant diversity on multitrophic interactions in a biodiversity experiment
Y1  - 2010
UR  - http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7323/full/nature09492.html
SN  - 0028-0836
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reichstein, Markus
A1  - Bahn, Michael
A1  - Ciais, Philippe
A1  - Frank, Dorothea
A1  - Mahecha, Miguel D.
A1  - Seneviratne, Sonia I.
A1  - Zscheischler, Jakob
A1  - Beer, Christian
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Frank, David C.
A1  - Papale, Dario
A1  - Rammig, Anja
A1  - Smith, Pete
A1  - Thonicke, Kirsten
A1  - van der Velde, Marijn
A1  - Vicca, Sara
A1  - Walz, Ariane
A1  - Wattenbach, Martin
T1  - Climate extremes and the carbon cycle
JF  - Nature : the international weekly journal of science
N2  - The terrestrial biosphere is a key component of the global carbon cycle and its carbon balance is strongly influenced by climate. Continuing environmental changes are thought to increase global terrestrial carbon uptake. But evidence is mounting that climate extremes such as droughts or storms can lead to a decrease in regional ecosystem carbon stocks and therefore have the potential to negate an expected increase in terrestrial carbon uptake. Here we explore the mechanisms and impacts of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle, and propose a pathway to improve our understanding of present and future impacts of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon budget.
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12350
SN  - 0028-0836
VL  - 500
IS  - 7462
SP  - 287
EP  - 295
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meyer, Sebastian Tobias
A1  - Ptacnik, Robert
A1  - Hillebrand, Helmut
A1  - Bessler, Holger
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Halle, Stefan
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Rottstock, Tanja
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Temperton, Vicky M.
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
T1  - Biodiversity-multifunctionality relationships depend on identity and number of measured functions
JF  - Nature Ecology & Evolution
N2  - Biodiversity ensures ecosystem functioning and provisioning of ecosystem services, but it remains unclear how biodiversity-ecosystem multifunctionality relationships depend on the identity and number of functions considered. Here, we demonstrate that ecosystem multifunctionality, based on 82 indicator variables of ecosystem functions in a grassland biodiversity experiment, increases strongly with increasing biodiversity. Analysing subsets of functions showed that the effects of biodiversity on multifunctionality were stronger when more functions were included and that the strength of the biodiversity effects depended on the identity of the functions included. Limits to multifunctionality arose from negative correlations among functions and functions that were not correlated with biodiversity. Our findings underline that the management of ecosystems for the protection of biodiversity cannot be replaced by managing for particular ecosystem functions or services and emphasize the need for specific management to protect biodiversity. More plant species from the experimental pool of 60 species contributed to functioning when more functions were considered. An individual contribution to multifunctionality could be demonstrated for only a fraction of the species.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0391-4
SN  - 2397-334X
VL  - 2
IS  - 1
SP  - 44
EP  - 49
PB  - Nature Publ. Group
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Meyer, Sebastian T.
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Hertzog, Lionel
A1  - Hillebrand, Helmut
A1  - Milcu, Alexandru
A1  - Pompe, Sven
A1  - Abbas, Maike
A1  - Bessler, Holger
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - De Luca, Enrica
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Gleixner, Gerd
A1  - Hudewenz, Anika
A1  - Klein, Alexandra-Maria
A1  - de Kroon, Hans
A1  - Leimer, Sophia
A1  - Loranger, Hannah
A1  - Mommer, Liesje
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Ravenek, Janneke M.
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Rottstock, Tanja
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Staudler, Andrea
A1  - Strecker, Tanja
A1  - Temperton, Vicky
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Vogel, Anja
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
T1  - Effects of biodiversity strengthen over time as ecosystem functioning declines at low and increases at high biodiversity
JF  - Ecosphere : the magazine of the International Ecology University
KW  - biodiversity ecosystem functioning (BEF)
KW  - ecosystem processes
KW  - grassland
KW  - mechanism
KW  - plant productivity
KW  - plant species richness
KW  - temporal effects
KW  - trophic interactions
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1619
SN  - 2150-8925
VL  - 7
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Frank, Dorothe A.
A1  - Reichstein, Markus
A1  - Bahn, Michael
A1  - Thonicke, Kirsten
A1  - Frank, David
A1  - Mahecha, Miguel D.
A1  - Smith, Pete
A1  - Van der Velde, Marijn
A1  - Vicca, Sara
A1  - Babst, Flurin
A1  - Beer, Christian
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Canadell, Josep G.
A1  - Ciais, Philippe
A1  - Cramer, Wolfgang
A1  - Ibrom, Andreas
A1  - Miglietta, Franco
A1  - Poulter, Ben
A1  - Rammig, Anja
A1  - Seneviratne, Sonia I.
A1  - Walz, Ariane
A1  - Wattenbach, Martin
A1  - Zavala, Miguel A.
A1  - Zscheischler, Jakob
T1  - Effects of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle: concepts, processes and potential future impacts
JF  - Global change biology
N2  - Extreme droughts, heat waves, frosts, precipitation, wind storms and other climate extremes may impact the structure, composition and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, and thus carbon cycling and its feedbacks to the climate system. Yet, the interconnected avenues through which climate extremes drive ecological and physiological processes and alter the carbon balance are poorly understood. Here, we review the literature on carbon cycle relevant responses of ecosystems to extreme climatic events. Given that impacts of climate extremes are considered disturbances, we assume the respective general disturbance-induced mechanisms and processes to also operate in an extreme context. The paucity of well-defined studies currently renders a quantitative meta-analysis impossible, but permits us to develop a deductive framework for identifying the main mechanisms (and coupling thereof) through which climate extremes may act on the carbon cycle. We find that ecosystem responses can exceed the duration of the climate impacts via lagged effects on the carbon cycle. The expected regional impacts of future climate extremes will depend on changes in the probability and severity of their occurrence, on the compound effects and timing of different climate extremes, and on the vulnerability of each land-cover type modulated by management. Although processes and sensitivities differ among biomes, based on expert opinion, we expect forests to exhibit the largest net effect of extremes due to their large carbon pools and fluxes, potentially large indirect and lagged impacts, and long recovery time to regain previous stocks. At the global scale, we presume that droughts have the strongest and most widespread effects on terrestrial carbon cycling. Comparing impacts of climate extremes identified via remote sensing vs. ground-based observational case studies reveals that many regions in the (sub-)tropics are understudied. Hence, regional investigations are needed to allow a global upscaling of the impacts of climate extremes on global carbon-climate feedbacks.
KW  - carbon cycle
KW  - climate change
KW  - climate extremes
KW  - climate variability
KW  - disturbance
KW  - terrestrial ecosystems
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12916
SN  - 1354-1013
SN  - 1365-2486
VL  - 21
IS  - 8
SP  - 2861
EP  - 2880
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Allan, Eric
A1  - Weisser, Wolfgang W.
A1  - Fischer, Markus
A1  - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
A1  - Weigelt, Alexandra
A1  - Roscher, Christiane
A1  - Baade, Jussi
A1  - Barnard, Romain L.
A1  - Bessler, Holger
A1  - Buchmann, Nina
A1  - Ebeling, Anne
A1  - Eisenhauer, Nico
A1  - Engels, Christof
A1  - Fergus, Alexander J. F.
A1  - Gleixner, Gerd
A1  - Gubsch, Marlen
A1  - Halle, Stefan
A1  - Klein, Alexandra Maria
A1  - Kertscher, Ilona
A1  - Kuu, Annely
A1  - Lange, Markus
A1  - Le Roux, Xavier
A1  - Meyer, Sebastian T.
A1  - Migunova, Varvara D.
A1  - Milcu, Alexandru
A1  - Niklaus, Pascal A.
A1  - Oelmann, Yvonne
A1  - Pasalic, Esther
A1  - Petermann, Jana S.
A1  - Poly, Franck
A1  - Rottstock, Tanja
A1  - Sabais, Alexander C. W.
A1  - Scherber, Christoph
A1  - Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael
A1  - Scheu, Stefan
A1  - Steinbeiss, Sibylle
A1  - Schwichtenberg, Guido
A1  - Temperton, Vicky
A1  - Tscharntke, Teja
A1  - Voigt, Winfried
A1  - Wilcke, Wolfgang
A1  - Wirth, Christian
A1  - Schmid, Bernhard
T1  - A comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions
JF  - Oecologia
N2  - In order to predict which ecosystem functions are most at risk from biodiversity loss, meta-analyses have generalised results from biodiversity experiments over different sites and ecosystem types. In contrast, comparing the strength of biodiversity effects across a large number of ecosystem processes measured in a single experiment permits more direct comparisons. Here, we present an analysis of 418 separate measures of 38 ecosystem processes. Overall, 45 % of processes were significantly affected by plant species richness, suggesting that, while diversity affects a large number of processes not all respond to biodiversity. We therefore compared the strength of plant diversity effects between different categories of ecosystem processes, grouping processes according to the year of measurement, their biogeochemical cycle, trophic level and compartment (above- or belowground) and according to whether they were measures of biodiversity or other ecosystem processes, biotic or abiotic and static or dynamic. Overall, and for several individual processes, we found that biodiversity effects became stronger over time. Measures of the carbon cycle were also affected more strongly by plant species richness than were the measures associated with the nitrogen cycle. Further, we found greater plant species richness effects on measures of biodiversity than on other processes. The differential effects of plant diversity on the various types of ecosystem processes indicate that future research and political effort should shift from a general debate about whether biodiversity loss impairs ecosystem functions to focussing on the specific functions of interest and ways to preserve them individually or in combination.
KW  - Bottom-up effects
KW  - Carbon cycling
KW  - Ecological synthesis
KW  - Ecosystem processes
KW  - Grasslands
KW  - Jena experiment
KW  - Nitrogen cycling
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2589-0
SN  - 0029-8549
VL  - 173
IS  - 1
SP  - 223
EP  - 237
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  -