TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kröner, Alfred
A1  - Wilde, Simon A.
A1  - Zhao, Guochun
A1  - O'Brien, Patrick J.
A1  - Sun, Min
A1  - Liu, Dun Yi
A1  - Wan, Yusheng
A1  - Liu, S. W.
A1  - Guo, Jianbin H.
T1  - Zircon geochronology and metamorphic evolution of mafic dykes in the Hengshan Complex of northern China: Evidence for late Palaeoproterozoic extension and subsequent high-pressure metamorphism in the North China Craton
N2  - Magmatic and metamorphic zircons have been dated from ductilely deformed gabbroic dykes defining a dyke swarm and signifying crustal extension in the northern part of the Hengshan Complex of the North China Craton, These dykes now occur as boudins and deformed sheets within migmatitic tonalitic, trondhjemitic, granodioritic and granitic gneisses and are conspicuous due to relics of high-pressure granulite or even former eclogite facies garnet + pyroxene-bearing assemblages. SHRIMP ages for magmatic zircons from two dykes reflect the time of dyke emplacement at similar to 1915 Ma, whereas metamorphic zircons dated by both SHRIMP and evaporation techniques are consistently in the range 1848-1888 Ma. The Youngest granitoid gneiss yet dated in the Hengshan has an emplacement age of 18 2 17 Ma. These results complement recent geochronological studies from the neighbouring Wutai and Fuping Complexes, to the SE of the Hengshan, showing that a crustal extension event Occurred in the late Palaeoproterozoic. This preceded a major high-pressure collision- type metamorphic event in the central part of the North China Craton that occurred in the Palaeoproterozoic and not in the late Archaean as previously thought. Our data support recent suggestions that the North China Craton experienced a major, craton-wide orogenic event in the late Palaeoproterozoic after which it became cratonized and acted as a stable block.
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2006.01.008
SN  - 0301-9268
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zubek, Radoslaw
T1  - Zaborowski, M., Germany, Poland and Europe; Manchester, Univ. Press, 2004
BT  - Germany, Poland and Europe : conflict, cooperation and europeanisation
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713395181~db=all
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01402380600620783
SN  - 0140-2382
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gorfman, Semen
A1  - Tsirelson, Vladimir
A1  - Pucher, Andreas
A1  - Morgenroth, Wolfgang
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
T1  - X-ray diffraction by a crystal in a permanent external electric field : electric-field-induced structural response in alpha-GaPO4
N2  - For the first time, site-selective distortion has been investigated for two different structural units in the ternary compound alpha-GaPO4 under the influence of a permanent external electric field. Based on 54 measured reflection intensities, the electric-field-induced distortion of PO4 and GaO4 tetrahedra in alpha-GaPO4 crystals is evaluated using a model of pseudoatomic displacements introduced recently [Gorfman, Tsirelson & Pietsch (2005). Acta Cryst. A61, 387- 396]. A stronger variation of the P-O bond lengths in the PO4 tetrahedron was found compared to the bonds in the GaO4 tetrahedron. The different distortions of the tetrahedra owing to the electric field were analysed in terms of the valence charge density of alpha-GaPO4 and its topological characteristics. The larger charge of the P pseudoatom compared to the Ga atom was recognized as the main reason for the higher sensitivity of the PO4 tetrahedron to a permanent external electric field
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1600-5724
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108767305036111
SN  - 0108-7673
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Priewe, Marc
T1  - Writing transit : refiguring national imaginaries in Chicana/o narratives
T2  - American Studies
Y1  - 2006
SN  - 978-3-8253-5215-8
VL  - 140
PB  - Winter
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Oberauer, Klaus
A1  - Weidenfeld, Andrea
A1  - Hörnig, Robin
T1  - Working memory capacity and the construction of spatial mental models in comprehension and deductive reasoning
N2  - We asked 149 high-school students who were pretested for their working memory capacity (WMC) to read spatial descriptions relating to five objects and to evaluate conclusions asserting an unmentioned relationship between two of the objects. Unambiguous descriptions were compatible with a single spatial arrangement, whereas ambiguous descriptions permitted two arrangements; a subset of the ambiguous descriptions still determined the relation asserted in the conclusion, whereas another subset did not. Two groups of participants received different instructions: The deduction group should accept conclusions only if they followed with logical necessity from the description, whereas the comprehension group should accept a conclusion if it agreed with their representation of the arrangement. Self-paced reading times increased on sentences that introduced an ambiguity, replicating previous findings in deductive reasoning experiments. This effect was also found in the comprehension group, casting doubt on the interpretation that people consider multiple possible arrangements online. Responses to conclusions could be modelled by a multinomial processing model with four parameters: the probability of constructing a correct mental model, the probability of detecting an ambiguity, and two guessing parameters. Participants with high and with low WMC differed mainly in the probability of successfully constructing a mental model
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/openurl?genre=journal&issn=1747-0218
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210500151717
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Höhle, Barbara
A1  - van de Vijver, Ruben
A1  - Weisenborn, J.
T1  - Word processing at 19 months at its relation to language performance at 30 months : a retrospective analysis of data from German learning children
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Höhle, Barbara
A1  - van de Vijver, Ruben
A1  - Weissenborn, Jürgen
T1  - Word processing at 19 months and its relation to language performance at 30 months : a retrospective analysis of data from German learning children
N2  - Recent research has shown that the early lexical representations children establish in their second year of life already seem to be phonologically detailed enough to allow differentiation from very similar forms. In contrast to these findings children with specific language impairment show problems in discriminating phonologically similar word forms up to school age. In our study we investigated the question whether there would be differences in the processing of phonological details in normally developing and in children with low language performance in the second year of life. This was done by a retrospective study in which in the processing of phonological details was tested by a preferential looking experiment when the children were 19 months old. At the age of 30 months children were tested with a standardized German test of language comprehension and production (SETK2). The preferential looking data at 19 months revealed an opposite reaction pattern for the two groups: while the children scoring normally in the SETK2 increase their fixations of a pictured object only when it was named with the correct word, children with later low language performance did so only when presented with a phonologically slightly deviant mispronunciation. We suggest that this pattern does not point to a specific deficit in processing phonological information in these children but might be related to an instability of early phonological representations, and/or a generalized problem of information processing as compared to typically developing children.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 025 
KW  - Word processing
KW  - late talker
KW  - early indicators for SLI
KW  - processing of phonological details
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-16302
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hörnig, Robin
A1  - Weskott, Thomas
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Fanselow, Gisbert
T1  - Word order variation in spatial descriptions with adverbs
N2  - Previous research has shown that in a three-term spatial reasoning task, the second premise of a German premise pair is especially easy to comprehend if (1) the prepositional object rather than the grammatical subject denotes the given entity, and if (2) the term denoting the given entity precedes the term denoting the new entity. Accordingly, the second premise is easiest to comprehend with noncanonical word order-that is, with the prepositional object in preverbal position denoting the given entity (e.g., To the right of the given object is the new subject). This finding is explained in terms of contextual licensing of noncanonical word order. Here, we discuss and tested two alternative accounts of contextual licensing, given-new and partially ordered set relations (Poset). The given-new account claims that noncanonical word order is licensed by the term denoting the given entity preceding the term denoting the new entity. On the Poset account, noncanonical word order is licensed if the preverbal constituent introduces a new entity that stands in a transitive, irreflexive, and asymmetric relation to a given entity. Comprehension times for second premises with spatial adverbs in four different word orders support both accounts of contextual licensing; Poset licensing was stronger than given-new licensing.
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.springerlink.com/content/0090-502x/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193264
SN  - 0090-502X
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Anishchenko, Vadim S.
A1  - Nikolaev, S
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
T1  - Winding number locking on a two-dimensional torus : synchronization of quasiperiodic motions
N2  - We propose a new autonomous dynamical system of dimension N=4 that demonstrates the regime of stable two- frequency motions and period-doubling bifurcations of a two-dimensional torus. It is shown that the period-doubling bifurcation of the two-dimensional torus is not followed by the resonance phenomenon, and the two-dimensional ergodic torus undergoes a period-doubling bifurcation. The interaction of two generators is also analyzed. The phenomenon of external and mutual synchronization of two-frequency oscillations is observed, for which winding number locking on a two- dimensional torus takes place
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://pre.aps.org/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/Physreve.73.056202
SN  - 1539-3755
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Müller, C.
A1  - Birn, Lukas
T1  - Wikis for collaborative software documentation
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wilhelm, Oliver
A1  - Oberauer, Klaus
T1  - Why are reasoning ability and working memory capacity related to mental speed? An investigation of stimulus- response compatibility in choice reaction time tasks
N2  - A study with 114 young adults investigated the correlations of intelligence factors and working-memory capacity with reaction time (RT) tasks. Within two sets of four-choice RT tasks, stimulus-response compatibility was varied over three levels: compatible, incompatible, and arbitrary mappings. Two satisfactory measurement models for the RTs could be established: A general factor model without constraints on the loadings and a nested model with two correlated factors, distinguishing compatible from arbitrary mappings, with constraints on the loadings. Structural models additionally including factors for working memory and intelligence showed that the nested model with correlated factors is superior in fit. Working-memory capacity and fluid intelligence were correlated strongly with the nested factor for the RT tasks with arbitrary mappings, and less with the general RT factor. The results support the hypothesis that working memory is needed to maintain arbitrary bindings between stimulus representations and response representations, and this could explain the correlation of working-memory capacity with speed in choice RT tasks
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/09541440500215921
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mac Mathúna, Liam
T1  - What’s in an irish name?
BT  - a study of the personal naming systems of Irish and irish English
JF  - The Celtic Englishes IV : the interface between English and the Celtic languages ; proceedings of the fourth international colloquium on the "Celtic Englishes" held at the University of Potsdam in Golm (Germany) from 22-26 September 2004
N2  - Content: 1. Introduction: The Irish Patronymic System Prior to 1600 2. Anglicisation Pressure 3. Anglicisation: 1600-1900 3.1. Phonetic Approximation 3.2. Simplification 3.3. Translation 3.4. Mistranslation 3.5. Equivalence with Existing English Surname 3.6. Multiplicity of Anglicised Forms 3.7. Anglicisation of Prefixes 4. The Call to De-Anglicise 5. Current Personal Naming Patterns in Ireland 5.1. Current Modern Irish 6. Traditional Naming: “X (Son/Daughter) of Y (Son/Daughter) of Z” 7. Nicknames 8. Conclusion
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-40930
SP  - 64
EP  - 87
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Anger, Christian
A1  - Gebser, Martin
A1  - Janhunen, Tomi
A1  - Schaub, Torsten H.
T1  - What's a head without a body?
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Maraun, Douglas
T1  - What can we learn from climate data? : Methods for fluctuation, time/scale and phase analysis
T1  - Was können wir aus Klimadaten lernen? : Methoden zur Fluktuations-, Zeit/Skalen- und Phasenanalyse
N2  - Since Galileo Galilei invented the first thermometer, researchers have tried to understand the complex dynamics of ocean and atmosphere by means of scientific methods. They observe nature and formulate theories about the climate system. Since some decades powerful computers are capable to simulate the past and future evolution of climate. Time series analysis tries to link the observed data to the computer models: Using statistical methods, one estimates characteristic properties of the underlying climatological processes that in turn can enter the models. The quality of an estimation is evaluated by means of error bars and significance testing. On the one hand, such a test should be capable to detect interesting features, i.e. be sensitive. On the other hand, it should be robust and sort out false positive results, i.e. be specific.  This thesis mainly aims to contribute to methodological questions of time series analysis with a focus on sensitivity and specificity and to apply the investigated methods to recent climatological problems.  First, the inference of long-range correlations by means of Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) is studied. It is argued that power-law scaling of the fluctuation function and thus long-memory may not be assumed a priori but have to be established. This requires to investigate the local slopes of the fluctuation function. The variability characteristic for stochastic processes is accounted for by calculating empirical confidence regions. The comparison of a long-memory with a short-memory model shows that the inference of long-range correlations from a finite amount of data by means of DFA is not specific. When aiming to infer short memory by means of DFA, a local slope larger than $\alpha=0.5$ for large scales does not necessarily imply long-memory. Also, a finite scaling of the autocorrelation function is shifted to larger scales in the fluctuation function. It turns out that long-range correlations cannot be concluded unambiguously from the DFA results for the Prague temperature data set.  In the second part of the thesis, an equivalence class of nonstationary Gaussian stochastic processes is defined in the wavelet domain. These processes are characterized by means of wavelet multipliers and exhibit well defined time dependent spectral properties; they allow one to generate realizations of any nonstationary Gaussian process. The dependency of the realizations on the wavelets used for the generation is studied, bias and variance of the wavelet sample spectrum are calculated. To overcome the difficulties of multiple testing, an areawise significance test is developed and compared to the conventional pointwise test in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Applications to Climatological and Hydrological questions are presented. The thesis at hand mainly aims to contribute to methodological questions of time series analysis and to apply the investigated methods to recent climatological problems.  In the last part, the coupling between El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Monsoon on inter-annual time scales is studied by means of Hilbert transformation and a curvature defined phase. This method allows one to investigate the relation of two oscillating systems with respect to their phases, independently of their amplitudes. The performance of the technique is evaluated using a toy model. From the data, distinct epochs are identified, especially two intervals of phase coherence, 1886-1908 and 1964-1980, confirming earlier findings from a new point of view. A significance test of high specificity corroborates these results. Also so far unknown periods of coupling invisible to linear methods are detected. These findings suggest that the decreasing correlation during the last decades might be partly inherent to the ENSO/Monsoon system. Finally, a possible interpretation of how volcanic radiative forcing could cause the coupling is outlined.
N2  - Seit der Erfindung des Thermometers durch Galileo Galilei versuchen Forscher mit naturwissenschaftlichen Methoden die komplexen Zusammenhänge in der Atmosphäre und den Ozeanen zu entschlüsseln. Sie beobachten die Natur und stellen Theorien über das Klimasystem auf. Seit wenigen Jahrzehnten werden sie dabei von immer leistungsfähigeren Computern unterstützt, die das Klima der Erdgeschichte und der nahen Zukunft simulieren.  Die Verbindung aus den Beobachtungen und den Modellen versucht die Zeitreihen­analyse herzustellen: Aus den Daten werden mit statistischen Methoden charak­teristische Eigenschaften der zugrundeliegenden klimatologischen Prozesse geschätzt, die dann in die Modelle einfliessen können. Die Bewertung solch einer Schätzung, die stets Messfehlern und Vereinfachungen des Modells unterworfen ist, erfolgt statistisch entweder mittels Konfidenzintervallen oder Signifikanztests. Solche Tests sollen auf der einen Seite charakteristische Eigenschaften in den Daten erkennen können, d.h. sie sollen sensitiv sein. Auf der anderen Seite sollen sie jedoch auch keine Eigenschaften vortäuschen, d.h. sie sollen spezifisch sein. Für die vertrauenswürdige Untermauerung einer Hypothese ist also ein spezifischer Test erforderlich.  Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht verschiedene Methoden der Zeitreihenanalyse, erweitert sie gegebenenfalls und wendet sie auf typische klimatologische Frage­stellungen an. Besonderes Augenmerk wird dabei auf die Spezifizität der jeweiligen Methode gelegt; die Grenzen möglicher Folgerungen mittels Datenanalyse werden diskutiert. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird studiert, wie und ob sich mithilfe der sogenannten trendbereinigenden Fluktuationsanalyse aus Temperaturzeitreihen ein sogenanntes langes Gedächtnis der zugrundeliegenden Prozesse herleiten lässt. Solch ein Gedächtnis bedeutet, dass der Prozess seine Vergangenheit nie vergisst, mit fundamentalen Auswirkungen auf die gesamte statistische Beurteilung des Klimasystems. Diese Arbeit konnte jedoch zeigen, dass die Analysemethode vollkommen unspezifisch ist und die Hypothese “Langes Gedächtnis” gar nicht abgelehnt werden kann.  Im zweiten Teil werden zunächst Mängel einer sehr populären Analysemethode, der sogenannten kontinuierlichen Waveletspetralanalyse diskutiert. Diese Methode schätzt die Variabilität eines Prozesses auf verschiedenen Schwingungsperioden zu bestimm­ten Zeiten. Ein wichtiger Nachteil der bisherigen Methodik sind auch hier unspezi­fische Signifikanztests. Ausgehend von der Diskussion wird eine Theorie der Wavelet­spektralanalyse entwickelt, die ein breites Feld an neuen Anwendungen öffnet. Darauf basierend werden spezifische Signifikanztests konstruiert. Im letzten Teil der Arbeit wird der Einfluss des El Niño/Southern Oscillation Phäno­mens auf den Indischen Sommermonsun analysiert. Es wird untersucht, ob und wann die Oszillationen beider Phänomene synchron ablaufen. Dazu wird eine etablierte Methode für die speziellen Bedürfnisse der Analyse von typischerweise sehr unregel­mäßigen Klimadaten erweitert. Mittels eines spezifischen Signifikanztests konnten bisherige Ergebnisse mit erhöhter Genauigkeit bestätigt werden. Zusätzlich konnte diese Methode jedoch auch neue Kopplungsintervalle feststellen, die die Hypothese entkräften konnten, dass ein neuerliches Verschwinden der Kopplung ein beisspielloser Vorgang sei. Schliesslich wird eine Hypothese vorgestellt, wie vulkanische Aerosole die Kopplung beeinflussen könnten.
KW  - Spektralanalyse <Stochastik>
KW  - Monsun
KW  - Klimatologie
KW  - Zeitreihenanalyse
KW  - Wavelet-Analyse
KW  - El-Niño-Phänomen
KW  - Kopplungs-Analyse
KW  - Kohärenz-Analyse
KW  - Phasen-Analyse
KW  - Signifikanztests
KW  - Continuous Wavelet Spectral Analysis
KW  - Wavelet Coherence
KW  - Phase-Analysis
KW  - Significance Testing
KW  - Climatology
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9047
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Konczak, Kathrin
T1  - Weak order equivalence for Logic Programs with Prefernces
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Konczak, Kathrin
T1  - Voting Theory in Answer Set Programming
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mittal, Rupal
A1  - Porcas, Richard
A1  - Wucknitz, Olaf
A1  - Biggs, Andy D.
A1  - Browne, Ian W. A.
T1  - VLBI phase-reference observations of the gravitational lens JVAS B0218+357
N2  - We present the results of phase-referenced VLBA+Effelsberg observations at five frequencies of the double-image gravitational lens WAS B0218+357, made to establish the precise registration of the A and B lensed image positions. The motivation behind these observations is to investigate the anomalous variation of the image flux-density ratio (A[B) with frequency - this ratio changes by almost a factor of two over a frequency range from 1.65 GHz to 15.35 GHz. We investigate whether frequency dependent image positions, combined with a magnification gradient across the image field, could give rise to the anomaly. Our observations confirm the variation of image flux-density ratio with frequency. The results from Our phase-reference astrometry, taken together with the lens mass model of Wucknitz et al. (2004, MNRAS, 349, 14), show that shifts of the image peaks and centroids are too small to account for the observed frequency- dependent ratio
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.edpsciences.org/docinfos/AAS/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20054012
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Nienhaus, Marc
A1  - Gooch, Bruce
A1  - Döllner, Jürgen Roland Friedrich
T1  - Visualizing movement dynamics in virtual urban environments
N2  - Dynamics in urban environments encompasses complex processes and phenomena such as related to movement (e.g.,traffic, people) and development (e.g., construction, settlement). This paper presents novel methods for creating human-centric illustrative maps for visualizing the movement dynamics in virtual 3D environments. The methods allow a viewer to gain rapid insight into traffic density and flow. The illustrative maps represent vehicle behavior as light threads. Light threads are a familiar visual metaphor caused by moving light sources producing streaks in a long-exposure photograph. A vehicle’s front and rear lights produce light threads that convey its direction of motion as well as its velocity and acceleration. The accumulation of light threads allows a viewer to quickly perceive traffic flow and density. The light-thread technique is a key element to effective visualization systems for analytic reasoning, exploration, and monitoring of geospatial processes.
T3  - Technische Berichte des Hasso-Plattner-Instituts für Digital Engineering an der Universität Potsdam - 17 
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-33065
SN  - 978-3-939469-52-0
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gandhimathi, V. M.
A1  - Rajasekar, S.
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
T1  - Vibrational and stochastic resonances in two coupled overdamped anharmonic oscillators
JF  - Modern physics letters : A, Particles and fields, gravitation, cosmology, nuclear physics
N2  - We study the overdamped version of two coupled anharmonic oscillators under the influence of both low- and high-frequency forces respectively and a Gaussian noise term added to one of the two state variables of the system. The dynamics of the system is first studied in the presence of both forces separately without noise. In the presence of only one of the forces, no resonance behaviour is observed, however, hysteresis happens there. Then the influence of the high-frequency force in the presence of a low-frequency, i.e. biharmonic forcing, is studied. Vibrational resonance is found to occur when the amplitude of the high-frequency force is varied. The resonance curve resembles a stochastic resonance-like curve. It is maximum at the value of g at which the orbit lies in one well during one half of the drive cycle of the low-frequency force and in the other for the remaining half cycle. Vibrational resonance is characterized using the response amplitude and mean residence time. We show the occurrence of stochastic resonance behaviour in the overdamped system by replacing the high-frequency force by Gaussian noise. Similarities and differences between both types of resonance are presented. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW  - vibrational resonance
KW  - low-frequency force
KW  - high-frequency force
KW  - stochastic resonance
KW  - noise
KW  - mean residence time
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2006.08.051
SN  - 0375-9601
VL  - 360
IS  - 2
SP  - 279
EP  - 286
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Bielawski, Martina
A1  - Jurišić, J.
A1  - Lenz, T.
A1  - Maxian Rusche, T.
A1  - Nippert, C.
T1  - Via : communis Europa ; Europe's architecture in 2020
N2  - Forum: EU-Diplomatie im Jahre 2020
KW  - Europäische Union
KW  - Europaidentität
KW  - Außenpolitik
KW  - Verteidigungspolitik
KW  - European Union
KW  - European identity
KW  - foreign policy
KW  - defence policy
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48454
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bergmann, Kirsten
A1  - Kopp, Stefan
T1  - Verbal or visual? : How information is distributed across speech and gesture in spatial dialog
N2  - In spatial dialog like in direction giving humans make frequent use of speechaccompanying gestures. Some gestures convey largely the same information as speech while others complement speech. This paper reports a study on how speakers distribute meaning across speech and gesture, and depending on what factors. Utterance meaning and the wider dialog context were tested by statistically analyzing a corpus of direction-giving dialogs. Problems of speech production (as indicated by discourse markers and disfluencies), the communicative goals, and the information status were found to be influential, while feedback signals by the addressee do not have any influence.
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10375
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Steuer, Ralf
A1  - Humburg, Peter
A1  - Selbig, Joachim
T1  - Validation and functional annotation of expression-based clusters based on gene ontology
JF  - BMC bioinformatics
N2  - Background: The biological interpretation of large-scale gene expression data is one of the paramount challenges in current bioinformatics. In particular, placing the results in the context of other available functional genomics data, such as existing bio-ontologies, has already provided substantial improvement for detecting and categorizing genes of interest. One common approach is to look for functional annotations that are significantly enriched within a group or cluster of genes, as compared to a reference group. Results: In this work, we suggest the information-theoretic concept of mutual information to investigate the relationship between groups of genes, as given by data-driven clustering, and their respective functional categories. Drawing upon related approaches (Gibbons and Roth, Genome Research 12: 1574-1581, 2002), we seek to quantify to what extent individual attributes are sufficient to characterize a given group or cluster of genes. Conclusion: We show that the mutual information provides a systematic framework to assess the relationship between groups or clusters of genes and their functional annotations in a quantitative way. Within this framework, the mutual information allows us to address and incorporate several important issues, such as the interdependence of functional annotations and combinatorial combinations of attributes. It thus supplements and extends the conventional search for overrepresented attributes within a group or cluster of genes. In particular taking combinations of attributes into account, the mutual information opens the way to uncover specific functional descriptions of a group of genes or clustering result. All datasets and functional annotations used in this study are publicly available. All scripts used in the analysis are provided as additional files.
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-380
SN  - 1471-2105
VL  - 7
IS  - 380
PB  - BioMed Central
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kamjunke, Norbert
A1  - Bohn, Christiane
A1  - Grey, John
T1  - Utilisation of dissolved organic carbon from different sources by pelagic bacteria in an acidic mining lake
N2  - We compared growth rates and efficiencies of pelagic bacteria from an extremely acidic mining lake (pH 2.6, mean depth 4.6m) supplied with different sources of carbon: (1) excreted by phytoplankton, (2) derived from benthic algae, (3) entering the lake via ground water, and (4) leached from leaf litter. Bacteria exhibited high growth rate and efficiency on exudates of pelagic and benthic algae. In contrast, they showed a lower growth rate and efficiency with organic carbon from ground water, and grew at a very high rate but a very low efficiency on leaf leachate. Results from stable isotope analyses indicate a greater importance of benthic exudates and leaf leachate for bacteria in the epilimnion, and a higher impact of ground water sources in the hypolimnion. Given the magnitude of differential source inputs into the lake, we suggest that benthic primary production was the most important carbon source for pelagic bacteria. The benthic-pelagic coupling seems to be more relevant in this shallow acidic lake with low pelagic carbon dioxide concentrations than in neutral lakes
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.schweizerbart.de/j/archiv-hydrobiologie/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2006/0165-0355
SN  - 0003-9136
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kamunke, Norbert
A1  - Bohn, Christiane
T1  - Utilisation of dissolved organic carbon from different sources by pelagic bacteria in an acidic mining lake
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bookhagen, Bodo
A1  - Echtler, Helmut Peter
A1  - Melnick, Daniel
A1  - Strecker, Manfred
A1  - Spencer, Joel Q. G.
T1  - Using uplifted Holocene beach berms for paleoseismic analysis on the Santa Maria Island, south-central Chile
N2  - Major earthquakes ( M > 8) have repeatedly ruptured the Nazca-South America plate interface of south-central Chile involving meter scale land-level changes. Earthquake recurrence intervals, however, extending beyond limited historical records are virtually unknown, but would provide crucial data on the tectonic behavior of forearcs. We analyzed the spatiotemporal pattern of Holocene earthquakes on Santa Maria Island (SMI; 37 degrees S), located 20 km off the Chilean coast and approximately 70 km east of the trench. SMI hosts a minimum of 21 uplifted beach berms, of which a subset were dated to calculate a mean uplift rate of 2.3 +/- 0.2 m/ky and a tilting rate of 0.022 +/- 0.002 degrees/ky. The inferred recurrence interval of strandline-forming earthquakes is similar to 180 years. Combining coseismic uplift and aseismic subsidence during an earthquake cycle, the net gain in strandline elevation in this environment is similar to 0.4 m per event
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1029/2006gl026734
SN  - 0094-8276
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Doktor, Daniel
A1  - Badeck, Franz-Werner
A1  - Bondeau, Alberte
A1  - Koslowsky, Dirk
A1  - Schaber, Jörg
A1  - McAllister, Murdock
T1  - Using satellite imagery and ground observations to quantify the effect of intra-annually changing temperature patterns on spring time phenology
N2  - Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-7244
N1  - [Poster]
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gerhard, Reimund
A1  - Faria, Roberto M.
A1  - Oliveira Jr., O. N.
A1  - Giacometti, Jose A.
T1  - Useful effects of space charge and dipole polarization: Recent developments in polymer electrets and organic semiconductors (Editorial)
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/servlet/opac?punumber=94
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1109/TDEI.2006.247817
SN  - 1070-9878
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Eccard, Jana
A1  - Dean, W. Richard J.
A1  - Wichmann, Matthias
A1  - Huttunen, S. M
A1  - Eskelinen, Eeva-Liisa
A1  - Moloney, Kirk A.
A1  - Jeltsch, Florian
T1  - Use of large Acacia trees by the cavity dwelling Black-tailed Tree Rat in the southern Kalahari
N2  - Recent extensive harvesting of large, often dead Acacia trees in and savanna of southern Africa is cause for concern about the conservation status of the arid savanna and its animal community. We mapped vegetation and nests of the Black-tailed Tree Rat Thallomy's nigricauda to assess the extent to which the rats depend on particular tree species and on the existence of dead, standing trees. The study was conducted in continuous Acacia woodland on the southern and eastern edge of the Kalahari, South Africa. Trees in which there were tree rat nests were compared with trees of similar size and vigour to identify the characteristics of nest sites. Spatial analysis of tree rat distribution was conducted using Ripley's-L function. We found that T nigricauda was able to utilize all available tree species, as long as trees were large and old enough so that cavities were existing inside the stem. The spatial distribution of nest trees did not show clumping at the investigated scale, and we therefore reject the notion of the rats forming colonies when inhabiting continuous woodlands. The selection of a particular tree as a nest site was furthermore depending on the close proximity of the major food plant, Acacia mellifera. This may limit the choice of suitable nest sites. since A. mellifera was less likely to grow within a vegetation patch containing a large trees than in patches without large trees.
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01401963
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.06.019
SN  - 0140-1963
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Baptista, Murilo da Silva
A1  - Pereira, Tiago
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
T1  - Upper bounds in phase synchronous weak coherent chaotic attractors
N2  - An approach is presented for coupled chaotic systems with weak coherent motion, from which we estimate the upper bound value for the absolute phase difference in phase synchronous states. This approach shows that synchronicity in phase implies synchronicity in the time of events, a characteristic explored to derive an equation to detect phase synchronization, based on the absolute difference between the time of these events. We demonstrate the potential use of this approach for the phase coherent and the funnel attractor of the Rossler system, as well as for the spiking/bursting Rulkov map.
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01672789
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physd.2006.02.007
SN  - 0167-2789
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Vockenberg, Kerstin
T1  - Updating of representations in working memory
T1  - Aktualisierung von Arbeitsgedächtnisrepräsentationen
N2  - The limited capacity of working memory forces people to update its contents continuously. Two aspects of the updating process were investigated in the present experimental series. The first series concerned the question if it is possible to update several representations in parallel. Similar results were obtained for the updating of object features as well as for the updating of whole objects, participants were able to update representations in parallel. The second experimental series addressed the question if working memory representations which were replaced in an updating disappear directly or interfere with the new representations. Evidence for the existence of old representations was found under working memory conditions and under conditions exceeding working memory capacity. These results contradict the hypothesis that working memory contents are protected from proactive interference of long-term memory contents.
N2  - Aufgrund der begrenzten Kapazität des Arbeitsgedächtnisses müssen seine Inhalte ständig aktualisiert werden. Zwei Aspekte des Aktualisierungsprozesses wurden in Experimentalserien untersucht. Die erste Serie betraf die Frage, ob es möglich ist, mehrere Repräsentationen gleichzeitig zu aktualisieren. Ähnliche Ergebnisse ergaben sich sowohl für das Aktualisieren von Objektmerkmalen als auch für das Aktualisieren von ganzen Objekten, die Versuchsteilnehmer konnten Repräsentationen gleichzeitig aktualisieren. In der zweiten Experimentalserie wurde die Frage untersucht, ob Arbeitsgedächtnisrepräsentationen, die bei einer Aktualisierung ersetzt worden sind, sofort verschwinden oder mit den neuen Repräsentationen interferieren. Evidenz für das Vorhandensein alter Repräsentationen wurde unter Arbeitsgedächtnisbedingungen und unter Bedingungen, bei denen die Arbeitsgedächtniskapazität überschritten wird, gefunden. Diese Ergebnisse widersprechen der Hypothese, dass Arbeitsgedächtnisinhalte vor proaktiver Interferenz aus dem Langzeitgedächtnis geschützt sind.
KW  - Aktualisierung
KW  - Arbeitsgedächtnis
KW  - proaktive Interferenz
KW  - parallele Aktualisierung
KW  - updating
KW  - working memory
KW  - proactive interference
KW  - parallel updating
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-11767
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - VanderVen, Peter F. M.
A1  - Ehler, Elisabeth
A1  - Vakeel, Padmanabhan
A1  - Eulitz, Stefan
A1  - Schenk, Jörg A.
A1  - Milting, Hendrik
A1  - Micheel, Burkhard
A1  - Fürst, Dieter Oswald
T1  - Unusual splicing events result in distinct Xin isoforms that associate differentially with filamin c and Mena/ VASP
N2  - Filamin c is the predominantly expressed filamin isoform in striated muscles. It is localized in myofibrillar Z- discs, where it binds FATZ and myotilin, and in myotendinous junctions and intercalated discs. Here, we identify Xin, the protein encoded by the human gene 'cardiomyopathy associated 1' (CMYA1) as filamin c binding partner at these specialized structures where the ends of myofibrils are attached to the sarcolemma. Xin directly binds the EVH1 domain proteins Mena and VASP. In the adult heart, Xin and Mena/VASP colocalize with filamin c in intercalated discs. In cultured cardiomyocytes, the proteins also localize in the nonstriated part of myofibrils, where sarcomeres are assembled and an extensive reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton occurs. Unusual intraexonic splicing events result in the existence of three Xin isoforms that associate differentially with its ligands. The identification of the complex filamin c-Xin-Mena/VASP provides a first glance on the role of Xin in the molecular mechanisms involved in developmental and adaptive remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton during cardiac morphogenesis and sarcomere assembly. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2006.03.015
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Diez, Isabel
A1  - Tauer, Klaus
A1  - Schulz, Burkhard
T1  - Unusual polymer dispersions-polypyrrole suspensions made of rings, frames, and platelets
JF  - Colloid and polymer science : official journal of the Kolloid-Gesellschaft
N2  - Experimental results show that the polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid and different fluorosurfactants like perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, perfluorooctyldiethanolamide, and ammonium perfluorooctanoate leads to polypyrrole with special morphologies, such as rings or disks and rectangular frames or plates. The formation of these unusually shaped particles of polymer dispersions is explained by the chemical and colloidal peculiarities of the oxidative pyrrole polymerization with ammonium peroxodisulfate in aqueous medium.
KW  - polypyrrole
KW  - chemical oxidative polymerization
KW  - particle morphology
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-006-1521-8
SN  - 0303-402X
VL  - 284
SP  - 1431
EP  - 1442
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zhou, Changsong
A1  - Motter, Adilson E.
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
T1  - Universality in the synchronization of weighted random networks
N2  - Realistic networks display not only a complex topological structure, but also a heterogeneous distribution of weights in the connection strengths. Here we study synchronization in weighted complex networks and show that the synchronizability of random networks with a large minimum degree is determined by two leading parameters: the mean degree and the heterogeneity of the distribution of node's intensity, where the intensity of a node, defined as the total strength of input connections, is a natural combination of topology and weights. Our results provide a possibility for the control of synchronization in complex networks by the manipulation of a few parameters
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://prl.aps.org/pdf/PRL/v96/i3/e034101
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/Physrevlett.96.034101
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schmidt, Bernd
A1  - Staude, Lucia
T1  - Unexpected transfer hydrogenation of C-C-double bonds during Tandem-RCM-isomerization reactions
JF  - Journal of organometallic chemistry
N2  - Unexpected hydrogen transfer from 2-propanol to C-C-double bonds has been observed in the course of a Tandem RCM-isomerization reaction leading to sterically congested spirocycles.
KW  - ruthenium
KW  - metathesis
KW  - isomerization
KW  - hydrogenation
KW  - transferhydrogenation
KW  - tandem sequence
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.07.011
SN  - 0022-328X
VL  - 691
IS  - 24-25
SP  - 5218
EP  - 5221
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Dzikovska, Myroslava O.
A1  - Callaway, Charles B.
A1  - Stone, Matthew
A1  - Moore, Johanna D.
T1  - Understanding student input for tutorial dialogue in procedural domains
N2  - We present an analysis of student language input in a corpus of tutoring dialogue in the domain of symbolic differentiation. Our focus on procedural tutoring makes the dialogue comparable to collaborative problem-solving (CPS). Existing CPS models describe the process of negotiating plans and goals, which also fits procedural tutoring. However, we provide a classification of student utterances and corpus annotation which shows that approximately 28% of non-trivial student language in this corpus is not accounted for by existing models, and addresses other functions, such as evaluating past actions or correcting mistakes. Our analysis can be used as a foundation for improving models of tutoring dialogue.
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10193
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hoie, Lars H.
A1  - Sjoholm, Ake
A1  - Guldstrand, Marie
A1  - Zunft, Hans-Joachim Franz
A1  - Lueder, Wolfgang
A1  - Graubaum, Hans-Joachim
A1  - Grünwald, Jörg
T1  - Ultra heat treatment destroys cholesterol-lowering effect of soy protein
JF  - International journal of food sciences and nutrition
N2  - A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study was performed to investigate the dose-dependent response of serum cholesterol after consuming an ultra-heat-treated milk containing a soy protein preparation. Eighty hypercholesterolemic subjects were assigned to one of four study groups receiving 12.5 or 25 g soy protein (active treatment) or casein (placebo) daily over a period of 4 weeks. The trial substances were provided as ready-made, ultra-heated milk preparations. Before and after the treatment, serum concentrations of total, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined. Unexpectedly, at the end of the study, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were significantly increased compared with baseline in all study groups. The magnitude of this increase (17 - 19%) was similar in all active and placebo study groups. Soy protein supplements previously shown to be effective in reducing serum cholesterol had in this study no such lipid-lowering effect after ultra heat treatment.
KW  - soy
KW  - protein
KW  - cholesterol
KW  - ultra heat treatment
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480601009059
SN  - 0963-7486
VL  - 57
SP  - 512
EP  - 519
PB  - Taylor & Francis
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - O'Brien, Patrick J.
T1  - Type-locality granulites: high-pressure rocks formed at eclogite-facies conditions
N2  - The type-locality granulites from the Granulitgebirge of Saxony, Germany, are rocks of broadly granitic composition containing minor garnet and kyanite within a commonly mylonitised matrix of feldspars and quartz. Petrographic evidence indicates a primary assemblage of ternary feldspar + quartz + garnet + kyanite + rutile, most likely resulting from partial melting of a granitic protolith, for which equilibrium temperature and pressure conditions of > 1000 degrees C and > 1.5 GPa have been deduced. These extreme (for crustal rocks) conditions, and the inferred peak assemblage, are supported by the newly-developed Zr-in-rutile geothermometer and experimental studies on the same bulk composition, respectively. As these conditions lie above those required for plagioclase stability in quartz tholeiites, they are thus in the eclogite facies. Widespread modification of the peak assemblage, for example mesoperthite formation after ternary feldspar, deformation-induced recrystallisation of perthites to two-feldspar + quartz aggregates, biotite replacing garnet, Ca-loss at garnet rims, sillimanite replacing kyanite or secondary garnet growth, makes reliable interpretation of equilibrium assemblages and compositions very difficult and explains the spread of published pressure- temperature values and consequent confusion about formation depths and the validity of tectonometamorphic models. Such extreme metamorphic conditions in rock compositions typical for the upper continental crust, reflecting a hot subduction environment, has important consequences for understanding some collisional orogens
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.springerlink.com/content/105515
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-005-0108-2
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Yenesew, Abiy
A1  - Kiplagat, John T.
A1  - Derese, Solomon
A1  - Midiwo, Jacob O.
A1  - Kabaru, Jacques M.
A1  - Heydenreich, Matthias
A1  - Peter, Martin G.
T1  - Two unusual rotenoid derivatives, 7a-O-methyl-12a-hydroxydeguelol and spiro-13-homo-13-oxaelliptone, from the seeds of Derris trifoliata
N2  - The crude methanol extract of the seeds of Derris trifoliata showed potent and dose dependent larvicidal activity against the 2nd instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. From this extract two unusual rotenoid derivatives, a rotenoloid (named 7a-O-methyl-12a-hydroxydeguelol) and a spirohomooxarotenoid (named spiro-13-homo-13-oxaelliptone), were isolated and characterised. In addition a rare natural chromanone (6,7-dimethoxy-4-chromanone) and the known rotenoids rotenone, tephrosin and dehydrodeguelin were identified. The structures were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. The larvicidal activity of the crude extract is mainly due to rotenone. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031942206000045
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.01.002
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Thiel, Marco
A1  - Romano, Maria Carmen
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
A1  - Rolfs, Martin
T1  - Twin Surrogates to Test for Complex Synchronisation
N2  - We present an approach to generate (multivariate) twin surrogates (TS) based on recurrence properties. This technique generates surrogates which correspond to an independent copy of the underlying system, i. e. they induce a trajectory of the underlying system starting at different initial conditions. We show that these surrogates are well suited to test for complex synchronisation and exemplify this for the paradigmatic system of R¨ossler oscillators. The proposed test enables to assess the statistical relevance of a synchronisation analysis from passive experiments which are typical in natural systems.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 264 
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57231
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Thiel, Marco
A1  - Romano, Maria Carmen
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
A1  - Rolfs, Martin
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
T1  - Twin surrogates to test for complex synchronisation
N2  - We present an approach to generate (multivariate) twin surrogates (TS) based on recurrence properties. This technique generates surrogates which correspond to an independent copy of the underlying system, i.e. they induce a trajectory of the underlying system starting at different initial conditions. We show that these surrogates are well suited to test for complex synchronisation and exemplify this for the paradigmatic system of Rossler oscillators. The proposed test enables to assess the statistical relevance of a synchronisation analysis from passive experiments which are typical in natural systems
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.mendeley.com/research/twin-surrogates-to-test-for-complex-synchronisation/#page-1
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1209/epl/i2006-10147-0
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Evans, Nicholas R.
A1  - Devi, Lekshmi Sudha
A1  - Mak, Chris S. K.
A1  - Watkins, Scott E.
A1  - Pascu, Sofia I.
A1  - Köhler, Anna
A1  - Friend, Richard H.
A1  - Williams, Charlotte K.
A1  - Holmes, Andrew B.
T1  - Triplet energy back transfer in conjugated polymers with pendant phosphorescent iridium complexes
N2  - The nature of Dexter triplet energy transfer between bonded systems of a red phosphorescent iridium complex 13 and a conjugated polymer, polyfluorene, has been investigated in electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. Red- emitting phosphorescent iridium complexes based on the [Ir(btp)2(acac)]fragment (where btp is 2-(2 '- benzo[b]thienyl)pyridinato and acac is acetylacetonate) have been attached either directly (spacerless) or through a - (CH2)(8)-chain (octamethylene-tethered) at the 9-position of a 9-octylfluorene host. The resulting dibromo- functionalized spacerless (8) or octamethylene-tethered (12) fluorene monomers were chain extended by Suzuki polycondensations using the bis(boronate)-terminated fluorene macromonomers 16 in the presence of end-capping chlorobenzene solvent to produce the statistical spacerless (17) and octamethylene-tethered ( 18) copolymers containing an even dispersion of the pendant phosphorescent fragments. The spacerless monomer 12 adopts a face-to-face conformation with a separation of only 3.6 angstrom between the iridium complex and fluorenyl group, as shown by X-ray analysis of a single crystal, and this facilitates intramolecular triplet energy transfer in the spacerless copolymers 17. The photo- and electroluminescence efficiencies of the octamethylene-tethered copolymers 18 are double those of the spacerless copolymers 17, and this is consistent with suppression of the back transfer of triplets from the red phosphorescent iridium complex to the polyfluorene backbone in 18. The incorporation of a -(CH2)(8)- chain between the polymer host and phosphorescent guest is thus an important design principle for achieving higher efficiencies in those electrophosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes for which the triplet energy levels of the host and guest are similar
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://pubs.acs.org/journal/jacsat
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/Ja0584267
SN  - 0002-7863
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lotz, Anja
A1  - Kinder, Annette
T1  - Transfer in artificial grammar learning : the role of repetition information
N2  - In this article, the authors report 2 experiments that investigated the sources of information used in transfer and nontransfer tasks in artificial grammar learning. Multiple regression analyses indicated that 2 types of information about repeating elements were crucial for performance in both tasks: information about the repetition of adjacent elements and information about repetition of elements in the whole item. Similarity of test items to specific training items and chunk information influenced participants' judgments only in nontransfer tasks
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/xlm/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.32.4.707
SN  - 0278-7393
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Nuthmann, Antje
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
T1  - Tracking the Mind During Reading: The Influence of Past, Present, and Future Words on Fixation Durations
N2  - Reading requires the orchestration of visual, attentional, language-related, and oculomotor processing constraints. This study replicates previous effects of frequency, predictability, and length of fixated words on fixation durations in natural reading and demonstrates new effects of these variables related to previous and next words. Results are based on fixation durations recorded from 222 persons, each reading 144 sentences. Such evidence for distributed processing of words across fixation durations challenges psycholinguistic immediacy-of-processing and eye-mind assumptions. Most of the time the mind processes several words in parallel at different perceptual and cognitive levels. Eye movements can help to unravel these processes.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - paper 263 
KW  - eye movements
KW  - fixation duration
KW  - gaze
KW  - word recognition
KW  - reading
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-57225
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kliegl, Reinhold
A1  - Nuthmann, Antje
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
T1  - Tracking the mind during reading : the influence of past, present, and future words on fixation durations
N2  - Reading requires the orchestration of visual, attentional, language-related, and oculomotor processing constraints. This study replicates previous effects of frequency, predictability, and length of fixated words on fixation durations in natural reading and demonstrates new effects of these variables related to previous and next words. Results are based on fixation durations recorded from 222 persons, each reading 144 sentences. Such evidence for distributed processing of words across fixation durations challenges psycholinguistic immediacy-of-processing and eye- mind assumptions. Most of the time the mind processes several words in parallel at different perceptual and cognitive levels. Eye movements can help to unravel these processes
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=browsePA.volumes&jcode=xge&vol=135&issue=1
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.135.1.12
SN  - 0096-3445
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nagel, Birgit
A1  - Warsinke, Axel
T1  - Towards separation-free electrochemical affinity sensors by using antibodies, aptamers and molecularly imprinted polymers : a review
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/00032710600853903
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Pfleger, Norbert
A1  - Alexandersson, Jan
T1  - Towards resolving referring expressions by implicitly activated referents in practical dialogue systems
N2  - We present an extension to a comprehensive context model that has been successfully employed in a number of practical conversational dialogue systems. The model supports the task of multimodal fusion as well as that of reference resolution in a uniform manner. Our extension consists of integrating implicitly mentioned concepts into the context model and we show how they serve as candidates for reference resolution.
Y1  - 2006
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-10187
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Couper-Kuhlen, Elizabeth
A1  - Selting, Margret
T1  - Towards an interactional perspective on prosody and a prosodic perspective on interaction
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shenoy, Pradeep
A1  - Krauledat, Matthias
A1  - Blankertz, Benjamin
A1  - Rao, Rajesh P. N.
A1  - Müller, Klaus-Robert
T1  - Towards adaptive classification for BCI
N2  - Non-stationarities are ubiquitous in EEG signals. They are especially apparent in the use of EEG-based brain- computer interfaces (BCIs): (a) in the differences between the initial calibration measurement and the online operation of a BCI, or (b) caused by changes in the subject's brain processes during an experiment (e.g. due to fatigue, change of task involvement, etc). In this paper, we quantify for the first time such systematic evidence of statistical differences in data recorded during offline and online sessions. Furthermore, we propose novel techniques of investigating and visualizing data distributions, which are particularly useful for the analysis of (non-) stationarities. Our study shows that the brain signals used for control can change substantially from the offline calibration sessions to online control, and also within a single session. In addition to this general characterization of the signals, we propose several adaptive classification schemes and study their performance on data recorded during online experiments. An encouraging result of our study is that surprisingly simple adaptive methods in combination with an offline feature selection scheme can significantly increase BCI performance
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://iopscience.iop.org/1741-2552/3/1/R02/
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/3/1/R02
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wessel, Niels
A1  - Schirdewan, Alexander
T1  - Toward a prediction of sudden death in propofol-related infusion syndrome
Y1  - 2006
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Montbrio, Ernest
A1  - Pazo, Diego
A1  - Schmidt, Jürgen
T1  - Time delay in the Kuramoto model with bimodal frequency distribution
JF  - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics
N2  - We investigate the effects of a time-delayed all-to-all coupling scheme in a large population of oscillators with natural frequencies following a bimodal distribution. The regions of parameter space corresponding to synchronized and incoherent solutions are obtained both numerically and analytically for particular frequency distributions. In particular, we find that bimodality introduces a new time scale that results in a quasiperiodic disposition of the regions of incoherence.
Y1  - 2006
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.74.056201
SN  - 1539-3755
VL  - 74
PB  - APS
CY  - College Park
ER  -