TY  - JOUR
A1  - Böhlau, Peter
T1  - Zero aliasing compression based on groups of weakly independent outputs in circuits with high complexity for two fault models
Y1  - 1994
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bauer, Christian G.
A1  - Eremenko, A. V.
A1  - Ehrentreich-Förster, Eva
A1  - Bier, Frank Fabian
A1  - Makower, Alexander
A1  - Halsall, H. B.
A1  - Heineman, W. R.
A1  - Scheller, Frieder W.
T1  - Zeptomole-detecting biosensor for alkaline phosphatase in an electroche mical immunoassay for 2,4- dichlorophenoacetic acid
Y1  - 1996
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tristram, Hildegard L. C.
T1  - Zaoz and Zomerzet : Linguistic Contacts Across the English Channel
Y1  - 1995
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zubek, Radoslaw
T1  - Zaborowski, M., Germany, Poland and Europe; Manchester, Univ. Press, 2004
BT  - Germany, Poland and Europe : conflict, cooperation and europeanisation
Y1  - 2006
UR  - http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713395181~db=all
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/01402380600620783
SN  - 0140-2382
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Zimmermann, Andreas
A1  - Thienel, Tobias
T1  - Yugoslavia, cases and proceedings before the ICJ
Y1  - 2012
SN  - 978-0-19-929168-7
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Juang, Linda P.
A1  - Schwarzenthal, Miriam
A1  - Aral, Tuğçe
A1  - Pevec-Zimmer, Sharleen
T1  - Youth experiences of racism and family ethnic-racial socialization in Germany
BT  - What we (don't) know
JF  - Infant and child development : an international journal of research
N2  - In 1988 the youth-led movement "Schools without racism, schools with courage" was established in Belgium and quickly spread throughout Europe. German schools adopted this movement in 1995. Decades later, racism is not yet a strong developmental science research topic for studies of youth in Germany and Europe. In this commentary we argue that it should be. With increasing hate crimes and harassment, there is also a need to understand how families are socializing young people to be prepared for, cope with, resist, and disrupt racism. This type of ethnic-racial socialization affects important developmental processes-adolescent ethnic-racial identity development and intergroup and institutional understanding and relations-and requires a more prominent place of study in a migration-diverse Germany. Studying these issues in this particular sociohistorical context will also contribute to a more context-specific understanding of youth experiences of racism.
KW  - adolescence
KW  - family ethnic-racial socialization
KW  - Germany
KW  - racism
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.2301
SN  - 1522-7219
VL  - 31
IS  - 1
PB  - Wiley
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Shaki, Samuel
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
T1  - Your neighbors define your value a study of spatial bias in number comparison
JF  - Acta psychologica : international journal of psychonomics
N2  - Several chronometric biases in numerical cognition have informed our understanding of a mental number line (MNL). Complementing this approach, we investigated spatial performance in a magnitude comparison task. Participants located the larger or smaller number of a pair on a horizontal line representing the interval from 0 to 10. Experiments 1 and 2 used only number pairs one unit apart and found that digits were localized farther to the right with "select larger" instructions than with "select smaller" instructions. However, when numerical distance was varied (Experiment 3), digits were localized away from numerically near neighbors. This repulsion effect reveals context-specific distortions in number representation not previously noticed with chronometric measures.
KW  - Magnitude comparison
KW  - Mental number line
KW  - Numerical cognition
KW  - Spatial bias
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.01.004
SN  - 0001-6918
VL  - 142
IS  - 3
SP  - 308
EP  - 313
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schad, Daniel
A1  - Nuthmann, Antje
A1  - Engbert, Ralf
T1  - Your mind wanders weakly, your mind wanders deeply - objective measures reveal mindless reading at different levels
JF  - Cognition : international journal of cognitive science
N2  - When the mind wanders, attention turns away from the external environment and cognitive processing is decoupled from perceptual information. Mind wandering is usually treated as a dichotomy (dichotomy-hypothesis), and is often measured using self-reports. Here, we propose the levels of inattention hypothesis, which postulates attentional decoupling to graded degrees at different hierarchical levels of cognitive processing. To measure graded levels of attentional decoupling during reading we introduce the sustained attention to stimulus task (SAST), which is based on psychophysics of error detection. Under experimental conditions likely to induce mind wandering, we found that subjects were less likely to notice errors that required high-level processing for their detection as opposed to errors that only required low-level processing. Eye tracking revealed that before errors were overlooked influences of high- and low-level linguistic variables on eye fixations were reduced in a graded fashion, indicating episodes of mindless reading at weak and deep levels. Individual fixation durations predicted overlooking of lexical errors 5 s before they occurred. Our findings support the levels of inattention hypothesis and suggest that different levels of mindless reading can be measured behaviorally in the SAST. Using eye tracking to detect mind wandering online represents a promising approach for the development of new techniques to study mind wandering and to ameliorate its negative consequences.
KW  - Mind wandering
KW  - Reading
KW  - Eye movements
KW  - Signal detection theory
KW  - Levels of processing
KW  - Sustained attention
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2012.07.004
SN  - 0010-0277
VL  - 125
IS  - 2
SP  - 179
EP  - 194
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ziesemer, Florence
A1  - Hüttel, Alexandra
A1  - Balderjahn, Ingo
T1  - Young people as drivers or inhibitors of the sustainability movement
BT  - the case of anti-consumption
JF  - Journal of consumer policy : consumer issues in law, economics and behavioural sciences
N2  - As overconsumption has negative effects on ecological balance, social equality, and individual well-being, reducing consumption levels among the materially affluent is an emerging strategy for sustainable development. Today's youth form a crucial target group for intervening in unsustainable overconsumption habits and for setting the path and ideas on responsible living. This article explores young people's motivations for engaging in three behavioural patterns linked to anti-consumption (voluntary simplicity, collaborative consumption, and living within one's means) in relation to sustainability. Applying a qualitative approach, laddering interviews reveal the consequences and values behind the anti-consumption behaviours of young people of ages 14 to 24 according to a means-end chains analysis. The findings highlight potential for and the challenges involved in motivating young people to reduce material levels of consumption for the sake of sustainability. Related consumer policy tools from the fields of education and communication are identified. This article provides practical implications for policy makers, activists, and educators. Consumer policies may strengthen anti-consumption among young people by addressing individual benefits, enabling reflection on personal values, and referencing credible narratives. The presented insights can help give a voice to young consumers, who struggle to establish themselves as key players in shaping the future consumption regime.
KW  - Voluntary simplicity
KW  - Collaborative consumption
KW  - Sustainable
KW  - consumption
KW  - Means-end chain analysis
KW  - Laddering interviews
KW  - Youth
Y1  - 2021
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-021-09489-x
SN  - 0168-7034
SN  - 1573-0700
VL  - 44
IS  - 3
SP  - 427
EP  - 453
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Oswald, Hans
T1  - Young people and the Family
Y1  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cui, Xiao
A1  - Lv, Yang
A1  - Chen, Miaolin
A1  - Nikoloski, Zoran
A1  - Twell, David
A1  - Zhang, Dabing
T1  - Young Genes out of the Male: An Insight from Evolutionary Age Analysis of the Pollen Transcriptome
JF  - Molecular plant
N2  - The birth of new genes in genomes is an important evolutionary event. Several studies reveal that new genes in animals tend to be preferentially expressed in male reproductive tissues such as testis (Betran et al., 2002; Begun et al., 2007; Dubruille et al., 2012), and thus an "out of testis' hypothesis for the emergence of new genes has been proposed (Vinckenbosch et al., 2006; Kaessmann, 2010). However, such phenomena have not been examined in plant species. Here, by employing a phylostratigraphic method, we dated the origin of protein-coding genes in rice and Arabidopsis thaliana and observed a number of young genes in both species. These young genes tend to encode short extracellular proteins, which may be involved in rapid evolving processes, such as reproductive barriers, species specification, and antimicrobial processes. Further analysis of transcriptome age indexes across different tissues revealed that male reproductive cells express a phylogenetically younger transcriptome than other plant tissues. Compared with sporophytic tissues, the young transcriptomes of the male gametophyte displayed greater complexity and diversity, which included a higher ratio of anti-sense and inter-genic transcripts, reflecting a pervasive transcription state that facilitated the emergence of new genes. Here, we propose that pollen may act as an "innovation incubator' for the birth of de novo genes. With cases of male-biased expression of young genes reported in animals, the "new genes out of the male' model revealed a common evolutionary force that drives reproductive barriers, species specification, and the upgrading of defensive mechanisms against pathogens.
KW  - pollen
KW  - evolution
KW  - young genes
KW  - transcriptome
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2014.12.008
SN  - 1674-2052
SN  - 1752-9867
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
SP  - 935
EP  - 945
PB  - Cell Press
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Strotseva-Feinschmidt, Anna
A1  - Schipke, Christine S.
A1  - Gunter, Thomas C.
A1  - Brauer, Jens
A1  - Friederici, Angela D.
T1  - Young children’s sentence comprehension
T1  - Neural correlates of syntax-semantic competition
JF  - Brain and cognition : a journal of experimental and clinical research
N2  - Sentence comprehension requires the assignment of thematic relations between the verb and its noun arguments in order to determine who is doing what to whom. In some languages, such as English, word order is the primary syntactic cue. In other languages, such as German, case-marking is additionally used to assign thematic roles. During development children have to acquire the thematic relevance of these syntactic cues and weigh them against semantic cues. Here we investigated the processing of syntactic cues and semantic cues in 2- and 3-year-old children by analyzing their behavioral and neurophysiological responses. Case-marked subject-first and object-first sentences (syntactic cue) including animate and inanimate nouns (semantic cue) were presented auditorily. The semantic animacy cue either conflicted with or supported the thematic roles assigned by syntactic case-marking. In contrast to adults, for whom semantics did not interfere with case-marking, children attended to both syntactic and to semantic cues with a stronger reliance on semantic cues in early development. Children’s event-related brain potentials indicated sensitivity to syntactic information but increased processing costs when case-marking and animacy assigned conflicting thematic roles. These results demonstrate an early developmental sensitivity and ongoing shift towards the use of syntactic cues during sentence comprehension.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2018.09.003
SN  - 0278-2626
SN  - 1090-2147
VL  - 134
SP  - 110
EP  - 121
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Behzadnia, Ali
A1  - Rad, Mehdi Mehrani
T1  - Young children’s activity involvement and responses to yes/no questions
JF  - Journal of psycholinguistic research
N2  - In the present study, we investigated younger and older Persian preschoolers' response tendency and accuracy toward yes/no questions about a coloring activity. Overall, 107 three- to four-year-olds and five- to six-year-old children were asked positive and negative yes/no questions about a picture coloring activity. The questions focused on three question contents namely, actions, environment and person. As for children's response tendency, they showed a compliance tendency. That is, they provided yes and no responses to positively and negatively formed questions respectively. Children especially younger ones were more compliant toward positive questions and their tendency decreased by age. In addition, the results revealed children's highest rate of compliance tendency toward environment inquiries. Concerning response accuracy, the effects of age and question content were significant. Specifically, older children provided more accurate responses than their younger counterparts, especially to yes/no questions asked about the actions performed during the activity. The findings suggest that depending on the format and the content of yes/no questions younger and older children's response accuracy and tendency differ.
KW  - compliance tendency
KW  - response accuracy
KW  - suggestibility
KW  - yes
KW  - no
KW  - questions
KW  - young children
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10936-019-09685-4
SN  - 0090-6905
SN  - 1573-6555
VL  - 49
IS  - 3
SP  - 401
EP  - 414
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kayhan, Ezgi
A1  - Heil, Lieke
A1  - Kwisthout, Johan
A1  - van Rooij, Iris
A1  - Hunnius, Sabine
A1  - Bekkering, Harold
T1  - Young children integrate current observations, priors and agent information to predict others’ actions
JF  - PLOS ONE / Public Library of Science
N2  - From early on in life, children are able to use information from their environment to form predictions about events. For instance, they can use statistical information about a population to predict the sample drawn from that population and infer an agent’s preferences from systematic violations of random sampling. We investigated whether and how young children infer an agent’s sampling biases. Moreover, we examined whether pupil data of toddlers follow the predictions of a computational model based on the causal Bayesian network formalization of predictive processing. We formalized three hypotheses about how different explanatory variables (i.e., prior probabilities, current observations, and agent characteristics) are used to predict others’ actions. We measured pupillary responses as a behavioral marker of ‘prediction errors’ (i.e., the perceived mismatch between what one’s model of an agent predicts and what the agent actually does). Pupillary responses of 24-month-olds, but not 18-month-olds, showed that young children integrated information about current observations, priors and agents to make predictions about agents and their actions. These findings shed light on the mechanisms behind toddlers’ inferences about agent-caused events. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which young children's pupillary responses are used as markers of prediction errors, which were qualitatively compared to the predictions by a computational model based on the causal Bayesian network formalization of predictive processing.
Y1  - 2019
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200976
SN  - 1932-6203
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
PB  - PLOS
CY  - San Fransisco
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Tschentscher, Nadja
A1  - Hauk, Olaf
A1  - Fischer, Martin H.
A1  - Pulvermüller, Friedemann
T1  - You can count on the motor cortex finger counting habits modulate motor cortex activation evoked by numbers
JF  - NeuroImage : a journal of brain function
N2  - The embodied cognition framework suggests that neural systems for perception and action are engaged during higher cognitive processes. In an event-related fMRI study, we tested this claim for the abstract domain of numerical symbol processing: is the human cortical motor system part of the representation of numbers, and is organization of numerical knowledge influenced by individual finger counting habits? Developmental studies suggest a link between numerals and finger counting habits due to the acquisition of numerical skills through finger counting in childhood. In the present study, digits 1 to 9 and the corresponding number words were presented visually to adults with different finger counting habits, i.e. left- and right-starters who reported that they usually start counting small numbers with their left and right hand, respectively. Despite the absence of overt hand movements, the hemisphere contralateral to the hand used for counting small numbers was activated when small numbers were presented. The correspondence between finger counting habits and hemispheric motor activation is consistent with an intrinsic functional link between finger counting and number processing.
KW  - Embodied cognition
KW  - Numerical cognaion
KW  - Finger counting habits
KW  - SNARC effect
Y1  - 2012
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.037
SN  - 1053-8119
VL  - 59
IS  - 4
SP  - 3139
EP  - 3148
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - San Diego
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Guiet, Amandine
A1  - Unmüssig, Tobias
A1  - Göbel, Caren
A1  - Vainio, Ulla
A1  - Wollgarten, Markus
A1  - Driess, Matthias
A1  - Schlaad, Helmut
A1  - Polte, Jörg
A1  - Fischer, Anna
T1  - Yolk@Shell Nanoarchitectures with Bimetallic Nanocores - Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Applications
JF  - Earth & planetary science letters
KW  - AgAu alloy nanoparticles
KW  - tin-rich ITO
KW  - yolk@shell materials
KW  - nanoreactor
KW  - soft-templating
KW  - inverse micelles
KW  - polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine)
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b06595
SN  - 1944-8244
VL  - 8
SP  - 28019
EP  - 28029
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mirhaj, M.
A1  - Boit, Alice
A1  - Razzak, M. A.
A1  - Wahab, M. A.
T1  - Yield performance comparison between cultures of rice cum prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and rice cum fish (Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis niloticus) in North-Eastern Bangladesh
JF  - Aquaculture : an international journal devoted to research on the exploration and improvement of all aquatic food resources, both floristic and faunistic, from freshwater, brackish and marine environment, related directly or indirectly to human consumption
N2  - Integrated and concurrent cultures in rice fields are a promising approach to sustainable farming as the demand for aquacultural and agricultural products continues to grow while land and water resources become increasingly scarce. Prawn farming mainly takes place in coastal regions in improved extensive to semi-intensive aquacultures but a trend to shift the industry to inland regions has been noticed. This inland study in Northern Bangladesh used different input regimes such as fertilizer and additional feed to compare the performance of prawn and fish in flooded paddy fields in regard to water quality measurements. Maximal net yields and body weight gain with minimized negative impact on water quality were found when initial body weights of prawn were optimized. Regarding yield factors in reference to the reduction of costs due to the avoidance of expensive fertilizer/feed and effort, prawn performed better than integrated fish cultures considering a higher market value of prawn with net yields of up to 97 +/- 55 kg ha(-1) for unfed and 151 +/- 61 kg ha(-1) for fed treatments. Rice yields of up to 4.7 +/- 0.1 t ha(-1) for unfed and 4.4 +/- 0.1 t ha(-1) were achieved for fed treatments. The findings suggest that for small scale farmers, prawn cum rice cultures are an economically profitable and comparatively easily manageable alternative to rice cum fish cultures.
KW  - Rice cum prawn culture
KW  - Macrobrachium rosenbergii
KW  - Sustainable aquaculture
KW  - Polyculture
Y1  - 2013
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.01.038
SN  - 0044-8486
VL  - 392
IS  - 5
SP  - 26
EP  - 33
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schoeps, Julius H.
T1  - Yiddish culture : Proposals for institutional co-operation
Y1  - 1996
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kalczewiak, Mariusz
T1  - Yiddish Buenos Aires and the struggle to leave the margins
JF  - East European Jewish affairs
N2  - Yiddish culture developed in Argentina within the context of a self-perception that figured Buenos Aires as a marginal and peripheral locale on the global Yiddish map. Against this backdrop, Argentine Yiddish culturalists argued for the strengthening of local Yiddish culture with a goal of elevating Buenos Aires's status within the international hierarchies of Yiddish culture. Buenos Aires indeed emerged in the 1920s as a producer of Yiddish cultural contents, maintained networks of international cultural contacts with other Yiddish centers, financially supported Eastern European Yiddish establishments, and hoped that these contacts would allow for solving Buenos Aires reputation problems. The pre-World War II preoccupation with the status of Buenos Aires as a center of Yiddish culture provided a basis upon which post-Holocaust discourse of Argentine Jewish responsibility for the maintenance of Yiddish culture was constructed.
KW  - Argentina
KW  - Buenos Aires
KW  - marginality
KW  - peripherality
KW  - Yiddish culturalism
Y1  - 2020
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/13501674.2020.1774275
SN  - 1350-1674
SN  - 1743-971X
VL  - 50
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 115
EP  - 133
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vogel, Ralf
T1  - Yet another Theta-System
Y1  - 2002
SN  - 0301-4428
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lilie, Hauke
A1  - Baer, Dorit
A1  - Kettner, Karina
A1  - Weininger, Ulrich
A1  - Balbach, Jochen
A1  - Naumann, Manfred
A1  - Mueller, Eva-Christina
A1  - Otto, Albrecht
A1  - Gast, Klaus
A1  - Golbik, Ralph
A1  - Kriegel, Thomas
T1  - Yeast hexokinase isoenzyme ScHxk2 stability of a two-domain protein with discontinuous domains
JF  - Protein engineering design & selection
N2  - The hexokinase isoenzyme 2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScHxk2) represents an archetype of a two-domain protein with the active site located in a cleft between the two domains. Binding of the substrate glucose results in a rigid body movement of the two domains leading to a cleft closure of the active site. Both domains of this enzyme are composed of discontinuous peptide sequences. This structural feature is reflected in the stability and folding of the ScHxk2 protein. Structural transitions induced by urea treatment resulted in the population of a thermodynamically stable folding intermediate, which, however, does not correspond to a molecule with one domain folded and the other unfolded. As demonstrated by different spectroscopic techniques, both domains are structurally affected by the partial denaturation. The intermediate possesses only 40% of the native secondary structural content and a substantial increase in the Stokes radius as judged by circular dichroism and dynamic light scattering analyses. One-dimensional H-1 NMR data prove that all tryptophan residues are in a non-native environment in the intermediate, indicating substantial changes in the tertiary structure. Still, the intermediate possesses quite a high stability for a transition intermediate of about Delta G = -22 kJ mol(-1).
KW  - dynamic light scattering
KW  - NMR
KW  - ScHxk2
KW  - stability
KW  - transition intermediate
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzq098
SN  - 1741-0126
VL  - 24
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 79
EP  - 87
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Lilie, Hauke
A1  - Bär, Dorit
A1  - Kettner, Karina
A1  - Weininger, Ulrich
A1  - Balbach, Jochen
A1  - Naumann, Manfred
A1  - Müller, Eva-Christina
A1  - Otto, Albrecht
A1  - Gast, Klaus
A1  - Golbik, Ralph
T1  - Yeast hexokinase isoenzyme ScHxk2 : stability of a two-domain protein with discontinuous domains
N2  - The hexokinase isoenzyme 2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScHxk2) represents an archetype of a two-domain protein with the active site located in a cleft between the two domains. Binding of the substrate glucose results in a rigid body movement of the two domains leading to a cleft closure of the active site. Both domains of this enzyme are composed of discontinuous peptide sequences. This structural feature is reflected in the stability and folding of the ScHxk2 protein. Structural transitions induced by urea treatment resulted in the population of a thermodynamically stable folding intermediate, which, however, does not correspond to a molecule with one domain folded and the other unfolded. As demonstrated by different spectroscopic techniques, both domains are structurally affected by the partial denaturation. The intermediate possesses only 40% of the native secondary structural content and a substantial increase in the Stokes radius as judged by circular dichroism and dynamic light scattering analyses. One-dimensional 1H NMR data prove that all tryptophan residues are in a non-native environment in the intermediate, indicating substantial changes in the tertiary structure. Still, the intermediate possesses quite a high stability for a transition intermediate of about ;G = ;22 kJ mol;1.
Y1  - 2011
UR  - http://peds.oxfordjournals.org/content/24/1-2/79.long
SN  - 0269-2139
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Albrecht, Tanja
A1  - Haebel, Sophie
A1  - Koch, Anke
A1  - Krause, Ulrike
A1  - Eckermann, Nora
A1  - Steup, Martin
T1  - Yeast glycogenin (Glg2p) produced in Escherichia coli is simultaneously glucosylated at two vicinal tyrosin residues but results in a reduced bacterial glycogen accumulation
N2  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses two glycogenin isoforms (designated as Glg1p and Glg2p) that both contain a conserved tyrosine residue, Tyr232. However, Glg2p possesses an additional tyrosine residue, Tyr230 and therefore two potential autoglucosylation sites. Glucosylation of Glg2p was studied using both matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization and electrospray quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. Glg2p, carrying a C-terminal (His(6)) tag, was produced in Escherichia coli and purified. By tryptic digestion and reversed phase chromatography a peptide (residues 219-246 of the complete Glg2p sequence) was isolated that contained 4-25 glucosyl residues. Following incubation of Glg2p with UDPglucose, more than 36 glucosyl residues were covalently bound to this peptide. Using a combination of cyanogen bromide cleavage of the protein backbone, enzymatic hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds and reversed phase chromatography, mono- and diglucosylated peptides having the sequence PNYGYQSSPAM were generated. MS/MS spectra revealed that glucosyl residues were attached to both Tyr232 and Tyr230 within the same peptide. The formation of the highly glucosylated eukaryotic Glg2p did not favour the bacterial glycogen accumulation. Under various experimental conditions Glg2p-producing cells accumulated approximately 30% less glycogen than a control transformed with a Glg2p lacking plasmid. The size distribution of the glycogen and extractable activities of several glycogen-related enzymes were essentially unchanged. As revealed by high performance anion exchange chromatography, the intracellular maltooligosaccharide pattern of the bacterial cells expressing the functional eukaryotic transgene was significantly altered. Thus, the eukaryotic glycogenin appears to be incompatible with the bacterial initiation of glycogen biosynthesis
Y1  - 2004
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Redelberger, David
A1  - Seduk, Farida
A1  - Genest, Olivier
A1  - Mejean, Vincent
A1  - Leimkühler, Silke
A1  - Iobbi-Nivol, Chantal
T1  - YcdY Protein of Escherichia coli, an Atypical Member of the TorD Chaperone Family
JF  - Journal of bacteriology
N2  - The TorD family of specific chaperones is divided into four subfamilies dedicated to molybdoenzyme biogenesis and a fifth one, exemplified by YcdY of Escherichia coli, for which no defined partner has been identified so far. We propose that YcdY is the chaperone of YcdX, a zinc protein involved in the swarming motility process of E. coli, since YcdY interacts with YcdX and increases its activity in vitro.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.05927-11
SN  - 0021-9193
VL  - 193
IS  - 23
SP  - 6512
EP  - 6516
PB  - American Society for Microbiology
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kleinpeter, Erich
A1  - Koch, Andreas
T1  - Y-aromaticity - existing: yes or no? An answer given on the magnetic criterion (TSNMRS)
JF  - Tetrahedron
N2  - The spatial magnetic properties (Through Space NMR Shieldings - TSNMRS) of a number of Y-shaped structures possessing 4n+2 pi-electrons (i.a. the trimethylenemethane ions TMM2+, TMM2-, the guanidinium cation, substituted and hetero analogues) have been computed, visualized as Isochemical Shielding Surfaces (ICSS) of various size and direction, were examined subject to present Y-aromaticity and the results compared with energetic and geometric criteria obtained already. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Y-aromaticity
KW  - pi-Electron delocalization
KW  - Theoretical calculations
KW  - ICSS
KW  - TSNMRS
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2016.02.020
SN  - 0040-4020
VL  - 72
SP  - 1675
EP  - 1685
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Cioni, Maria-Rosa L.
A1  - Bekki, Kenji
A1  - Girardi, Leo
A1  - de Grijs, Richard
A1  - Irwin, Mike J.
A1  - Ivanov, Valentin D.
A1  - Marconi, Marcella
A1  - Oliveira, Joana M.
A1  - Piatti, Andres E.
A1  - Ripepi, Vincenzo
A1  - van Loon, Jacco Th.
T1  - XVII. Proper motions of the Small Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way globular cluster 47 Tucanae
JF  - Physical review : E, Statistical, nonlinear and soft matter physics
N2  - Aims. In this study we use multi-epoch near-infrared observations from the VISTA survey of the Magellanic Cloud system (VMC) to measure the proper motions of different stellar populations in a tile of 1.5 deg2 in size in the direction of the Galactic globular cluster 47 Tuc. We obtain the proper motion of the cluster itself, of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), and of the field Milky Way stars.

Methods. Stars of the three main stellar components are selected according to their spatial distributions and their distributions in colour−magnitude diagrams. Their average coordinate displacement is computed from the difference between multiple Ks-band observations for stars as faint as Ks = 19 mag. Proper motions are derived from the slope of the best-fitting line among ten VMC epochs over a time baseline of ~1 yr. Background galaxies are used to calibrate the absolute astrometric reference frame.

Results. The resulting absolute proper motion of 47 Tuc is (μαcos(δ), μδ) = (+7.26 ± 0.03, −1.25 ± 0.03) mas yr-1. This measurement refers to about 35 000 sources distributed between 10′ and 60′ from the cluster centre. For the SMC we obtain (μαcos(δ), μδ) = (+1.16 ± 0.07, −0.81 ± 0.07) mas yr-1 from about 5250 red clump and red giant branch stars. The absolute proper motion of the Milky Way population in the line of sight (l = 305.9, b = −44.9) of this VISTA tile is (μαcos(δ), μδ) = (+10.22 ± 0.14, −1.27 ± 0.12) mas yr-1 and has been calculated from about 4000 sources. Systematic uncertainties associated with the astrometric reference system are 0.18 mas yr-1. Thanks to the proper motion we detect 47 Tuc stars beyond its tidal radius.
KW  - proper motions
KW  - surveys
KW  - Magellanic Clouds
KW  - globular clusters: individual: 47 Tucanae
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201527004
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 586
SP  - 67
EP  - 75
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schaub, Torsten H.
A1  - Brüning, Stefan
A1  - Nicolas, Pascal
T1  - XRay : a prolog technology theorem prover for default reasoning: a system description
Y1  - 1996
SN  - 3-540-61511-3
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Utunen, Heini
A1  - Attias, Melissa
ED  - Meinel, Christoph
ED  - Schweiger, Stefanie
ED  - Staubitz, Thomas
ED  - Conrad, Robert
ED  - Alario Hoyos, Carlos
ED  - Ebner, Martin
ED  - Sancassani, Susanna
ED  - Żur, Agnieszka
ED  - Friedl, Christian
ED  - Halawa, Sherif
ED  - Gamage, Dilrukshi
ED  - Scott, Jeffrey
ED  - Kristine Jonson Carlon, May
ED  - Deville, Yves
ED  - Gaebel, Michael
ED  - Delgado Kloos, Carlos
ED  - von Schmieden, Karen
T1  - xMOOCs
BT  - modality for mass reach during the pandemic for the World Health Organization
JF  - EMOOCs 2023 : Post-Covid Prospects for Massive Open Online Courses - Boost or Backlash?
N2  - The World Health Organization designed OpenWHO.org to provide an inclusive and accessible online environment to equip learners across the globe with critical up-to-date information and to be able to effectively protect themselves in health emergencies. The platform thus focuses on the eXtended Massive Open Online Course (xMOOC) modality – contentfocused and expert-driven, one-to-many modelled, and self-paced for scalable learning. In this paper, we describe how OpenWHO utilized xMOOCs to reach mass audiences during the COVID-19 pandemic; the paper specifically examines the accessibility, language inclusivity and adaptability of hosted xMOOCs. As of February 2023, OpenWHO had 7.5 million enrolments across 200 xMOOCs on health emergency, epidemic, pandemic and other public health topics available across 65 languages, including 46 courses targeted for the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results suggest that the xMOOC modality allowed OpenWHO to expand learning during the pandemic to previously underrepresented groups, including women, participants ages 70 and older, and learners younger than age 20. The OpenWHO use case shows that xMOOCs should be considered when there is a need for massive knowledge transfer in health emergency situations, yet the approach should be context-specific according to the type of health emergency, targeted population and region. Our evidence also supports previous calls to put intervention elements that contribute to removing barriers to access at the core of learning and health information dissemination. Equity must be the fundamental principle and organizing criteria for public health work.
KW  - Digitale Bildung
KW  - Kursdesign
KW  - MOOC
KW  - Micro Degree
KW  - Online-Lehre
KW  - Onlinekurs
KW  - Onlinekurs-Produktion
KW  - digital education
KW  - e-learning
KW  - micro degree
KW  - micro-credential
KW  - online course creation
KW  - online course design
KW  - online teaching
Y1  - 2023
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-624788
SP  - 279
EP  - 289
PB  - Universitätsverlag Potsdam
CY  - Potsdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sanjurjo-Ferrrin, G.
A1  - Torrejon, J. M.
A1  - Postnov, K.
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Rodes-Roca, J. J.
A1  - Bernabeu, Guillermo
T1  - XMM-Newton spectroscopy of the accreting magnetar candidate 4U0114+65
JF  - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2  - Methods. We analysed the energy-resolved light curve and the time-resolved X-ray spectra provided by the EPIC cameras on board XMM-Newton. We also analysed the first high-resolution spectrum of this source provided by the Reflection Grating Spectrometer. Results. An X-ray pulse of 9350 +/- 160 s was measured. Comparison with previous measurements confirms the secular spin up of this source. We successfully fit the pulse-phase-resolved spectra with Comptonisation models. These models imply a very small (r similar to 3 km) and hot (kT similar to 2-3 keV) emitting region and therefore point to a hot spot over the neutron star (NS) surface as the most reliable explanation for the X-ray pulse. The long NS spin period, the spin-up rate, and persistent X-ray emission can be explained within the theory of quasi-spherical settling accretion, which may indicate that the magnetic field is in the magnetar range. Thus, 4U0114+65 could be a wind-accreting magnetar. We also observed two episodes of low luminosity. The first was only observed in the low-energy light curve and can be explained as an absorption by a large over-dense structure in the wind of the B1 supergiant donor. The second episode, which was deeper and affected all energies, may be due to temporal cessation of accretion onto one magnetic pole caused by non-spherical matter capture from the structured stellar wind. The light curve displays two types of dips that are clearly seen during the high-flux intervals. The short dips, with durations of tens of seconds, are produced through absorption by wind clumps. The long dips, in turn, seem to be associated with the rarefied interclump medium. From the analysis of the X-ray spectra, we found evidence of emission lines in the X-ray photoionised wind of the B1Ia donor. The Fe K alpha line was found to be highly variable and much weaker than in other X-ray binaries with supergiant donors. The degree of wind clumping, measured through the covering fraction, was found to be much lower than in supergiant donor stars with earlier spectral types. Conclusions. The XMM-Newton spectroscopy provided further support for the magnetar nature of the neutron star in 4U0114+65. The light curve presents dips that can be associated with clumps and the interclump medium in the stellar wind of the mass donor.
KW  - X-rays: binaries
KW  - stars: winds, outflows
KW  - pulsars: individual: 4U0114+65
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201630119
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 606
SP  - 4039
EP  - 4042
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ignace, Richard
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Brown, John C.
T1  - XMM-Newton Observations of the Nitrogen-Rich Wolf-Rayet star WR1
N2  - We present XMM-Newton results for the X-ray spectrum from the N-rich Wolf-Rayet (WR) star WR 1. The EPIC instrument was used to obtain a medium-resolution spectrum. The following features characterize this spectrum: (a) significant emission "bumps" appear that are coincident with the wavelengths of typical strong lines, such as Mg XI, Si XIII and S XV; (b) little emission is detected above 4 keV, in contrast to recent reports of a hard component in the stars WR 6 and WR 110 which are of similar subtype; and (c) evidence for sulfur K-edge absorption at about 2.6 keV, which could only arise from absorption of X-rays by the ambient stellar wind. The lack of hard emission in our dataset is suggestive that WR 1 may truly be a single star, thus representing the first detailed X-ray spectrum that isolates the WR wind alone (in contrast to colliding wind zones). Although the properties of the S-edge are not well-constrained by our data, it does appear to be real, and its detection indicates that at least some of the hot gas in WR 1 must reside interior to the radius of optical depth unity for the total absorptive opacity at the energy of the edge.
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sidoli, Lara
A1  - Sguera, Vito
A1  - Esposito, Paolo
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Polletta, Maria del Carmen
T1  - XMM-Newton discovery of very high obscuration in the candidate Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient AX J1714.1-3912
JF  - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
N2  - We have analysed an archival XMM-Newton EPIC observation that serendipitously covered the sky position of a variable X-ray source AX J1714.1-3912, previously suggested to be a Supergiant Fast X-ray Transient (SFXT). During the XMM-Newton observation the source is variable on a timescale of hundred seconds and shows two luminosity states, with a flaring activity followed by unflared emission, with a variability amplitude of a factor of about 50. We have discovered an intense iron emission line with a centroid energy of 6.4 keV in the power law-like spectrum, modified by a large absorption (N-H similar to 10(24) cm(-2)), never observed before from this source. This X-ray spectrum is unusual for an SFXT, but resembles the so-called 'highly obscured sources', high mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) hosting an evolved B[e] supergiant companion (sgB[e]). This might suggest that AX J1714.1-3912 is a new member of this rare type of HMXBs, which includes IGR J16318-4848 and CI Camelopardalis. Increasing this small population of sources would be remarkable, as they represent an interesting short transition evolutionary stage in the evolution of massive binaries. Nevertheless, AX J1714.1-3912 appears to share X-ray properties of both kinds of HMXBs (SFXT versus sgB[e] HMXB). Therefore, further investigations of the companion star are needed to disentangle the two hypothesis.
KW  - X-rays: binaries
KW  - X-rays: individual: AX J1714.1-3912
Y1  - 2022
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac691
SN  - 0035-8711
SN  - 1365-2966
VL  - 512
IS  - 2
SP  - 2929
EP  - 2935
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pacholsky, Dirk
A1  - Vakeel, Padmanabhan
A1  - Himmel, Mirko
A1  - Lowe, T.
A1  - Stradal, T.
A1  - Rottner, K.
A1  - Fürst, Dieter Oswald
A1  - vanderVen, Peter F. M.
T1  - Xin repeats define a novel actin-binding motif
N2  - Xin is a protein that is expressed during early developmental stages of cardiac and skeletal muscles. Immunolocalization studies indicated a peripheral localization in embryonic mouse heart, where Xin localizes with beta- catenin and N-cadherin. In adult tissues, Xin is found primarily in the intercalated discs of cardiomyocytes and the myotendinous junctions of skeletal muscle cells, both specialized attachment sites of the myofibrillar ends to the sarcolemma. A large part of the Xin protein consists of unique 16 amino acid repeats with unknown function. We have investigated the characteristics of the Xin repeats by transfection experiments and actin-binding assays and ascertained that, upon expression in cultured cells, these repeats bind to and stabilize the actin-based cytoskeleton. In vitro co- sedimentation assays with skeletal muscle actin indicated that they not only directly bind actin filaments, but also have the capability of arranging microfilaments into networks that sediment upon low-speed centrifugation. Very similar repeats were also found in Xin-repeat protein 2' (XIRP2), a novel protein that seems to be expressed mainly in striated muscles. Human XIRP2 contains 28 Xin repeats with properties identical to those of Xin. We conclude that the Xin repeats define a novel, repetitive actin-binding motif present in at least two different muscle proteins. These Xin- repeat proteins therefore constitute the first two members of a novel family of actin-binding proteins
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0021-9533
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Weiß, Norman
T1  - Xenophobia
Y1  - 2008
UR  - http://www.mpepil.com/subscriber_articles_by_author?letter=W
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kalimuthu, Palraj
A1  - Leimkühler, Silke
A1  - Bernhardt, Paul V.
T1  - Xanthine dehydrogenase electrocatalysis autocatalysis and novel activity
JF  - The journal of physical chemistry : B, Condensed matter, materials, surfaces, interfaces & biophysical chemistry
N2  - The enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) from the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid as part of purine metabolism. The native electron acceptor is NAD(+) but herein we show that uric acid in its 2-electron oxidized form is able to act as an artificial electron acceptor from XDH in an electrochemically driven catalytic system. Hypoxanthine oxidation is also observed with the novel production of uric acid in a series of two consecutive 2-electron oxidation reactions via xanthine. XDH exhibits native activity in terms of its pH optimum and inhibition by allopurinol.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/jp111809f
SN  - 1520-6106
VL  - 115
IS  - 11
SP  - 2655
EP  - 2662
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wilke, Max
A1  - Partzsch, G. M.
A1  - Farges, Francois
T1  - XAFS of iron in silicate melt at high temperature
Y1  - 2004
SN  - 0024-4937
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hilscher, Martin
A1  - Braun, Michael
A1  - Richter, Michael
A1  - Leininger, Andreas
A1  - Gössel, Michael
T1  - X-tolerant test data compaction with accelerated shift registers
N2  - Using the timing flexibility of modern automatic test equipment (ATE) test response data can be compacted without the need for additional X-masking logic. In this article the test response is compacted by several multiple input shift registers without feedback (NF-MISR). The shift registers are running on a k-times higher clock frequency than the test clock. For each test clock cycle only one out of the k outputs of each shift register is evaluated by the ATE. The impact of consecutive X values within the scan chains is reduced by a periodic permutation of the NF-MISR inputs. As a result, no additional external control signals or test set dependent control logic is required. The benefits of the proposed method are shown by the example of an implementation on a Verigy ATE. Experiments on three industrial circuits demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison to a commercial DFT solution.
Y1  - 2009
UR  - http://www.springerlink.com/content/100286
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-009-5107-5
SN  - 0923-8174
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reiche, Jürgen
A1  - Barberka, Thomas Andreas
A1  - Janietz, Dietmar
A1  - Hofmann, Dieter
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
A1  - Brehmer, Ludwig
T1  - X-ray structure investigation and computer modelling of Langmuir-Blodgett films formed from disc-shaped pentaalkines
Y1  - 1994
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miedema, P. S.
A1  - Mitzner, Rolf
A1  - Ganschow, S.
A1  - Föhlisch, Alexander
A1  - Beye, Martin
T1  - X-ray spectroscopy on the active ion in laser crystals
JF  - Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies
N2  - The active ions in typical laser crystals were studied with Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) and Partial Fluorescence Yield X-ray Absorption (PFY-XAS) spectroscopies as solid state model systems for dilute active centers. We analyzed Ti3+ and Cr3+ in alpha-Al2O3:Ti3+ and LiCaAlF6:Cr3+, respectively. The comparison of experimental data with semi-empirical multiplet calculations provides insights into the electronic structure and shows how measured crystal field energies are related across different spectroscopies.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cp03026f
SN  - 1463-9076
SN  - 1463-9084
VL  - 19
SP  - 21800
EP  - 21806
PB  - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
A1  - Barberka, Thomas Andreas
A1  - Geue, Thomas
A1  - Stömmer, Ralph
T1  - X-ray scattering from thin organic films and multilayers
Y1  - 1997
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Stömmer, Ralph
A1  - Göbel, H.
A1  - Hub, W.
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
T1  - X-ray scattering from silicon surfaces
Y1  - 1998
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
A1  - Tsirelson, Vladimir G.
A1  - Gorfan, S. V.
T1  - X-ray scattering amplitude of an atom in a permanent external electric field
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
A1  - Kubowicz, Stephan
A1  - Thünemann, Andreas F.
A1  - Geue, Thomas
A1  - Watson, M. D.
A1  - Tchebotareva, N.
A1  - Müllen, K.
T1  - X-ray reflectivity study of an amphiphilic hex-peri-hexabenzocoronene at a structured silicon wafer surface
Y1  - 2003
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Geue, Thomas
A1  - Henneberg, Oliver
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
T1  - X-ray reflectivity from sinusoidal surface relief gratings
Y1  - 2002
SN  - 0023-4753
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
T1  - X-ray reflectivity from sinusoidal surface relief gratings
Y1  - 2002
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Poloucek, P.
A1  - Pietsch, Ullrich
A1  - Geue, Thomas
A1  - Symietz, Christian
A1  - Brezesinski, Gerald
T1  - X-ray reflectivity analysis of thin complex Langmuir-Blodgett films
Y1  - 2001
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ketenoglu, Didem
A1  - Spiekermann, Georg
A1  - Harder, Manuel
A1  - Oz, Erdinc
A1  - Koz, Cevriye
A1  - Yagci, Mehmet C.
A1  - Yilmaz, Eda
A1  - Yin, Zhong
A1  - Sahle, Christoph J.
A1  - Detlefs, Blanka
A1  - Yavas, Hasan
T1  - X-ray Raman spectroscopy of lithium-ion battery electrolyte solutions in a flow cell
JF  - Journal of synchrotron radiation
N2  - The effects of varying LiPF6 salt concentration and the presence of lithium bis(oxalate)borate additive on the electronic structure of commonly used lithium-ion battery electrolyte solvents (ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate and propylene carbonate) have been investigated. X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy (a non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering method) was utilized together with a closed-circle flow cell. Carbon and oxygen K-edges provide characteristic information on the electronic structure of the electrolyte solutions, which are sensitive to local chemistry. Higher Li+ ion concentration in the solvent manifests itself as a blue-shift of both the pi* feature in the carbon edge and the carbonyl pi* feature in the oxygen edge. While these oxygen K-edge results agree with previous soft X-ray absorption studies on LiBF4 salt concentration in propylene carbonate, carbon K-edge spectra reveal a shift in energy, which can be explained with differing ionic conductivities of the electrolyte solutions.
KW  - non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
KW  - lithium-ion battery electrolyte
KW  - C and O K-edge spectra
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577518001662
SN  - 0909-0495
SN  - 1600-5775
VL  - 25
SP  - 537
EP  - 542
PB  - International Union of Crystallography
CY  - Chester
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Giewekemeyer, K.
A1  - Krueger, S. P.
A1  - Kalbfleisch, S.
A1  - Bartels, Meike
A1  - Beta, Carsten
A1  - Salditt, T.
T1  - X-ray propagation microscopy of biological cells using waveguides as a quasipoint source
JF  - Physical review : A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
N2  - We have used x-ray waveguides as highly confining optical elements for nanoscale imaging of unstained biological cells using the simple geometry of in-line holography. The well-known twin-image problem is effectively circumvented by a simple and fast iterative reconstruction. The algorithm which combines elements of the classical Gerchberg-Saxton scheme and the hybrid-input-output algorithm is optimized for phase-contrast samples, well-justified for imaging of cells at multi-keV photon energies. The experimental scheme allows for a quantitative phase reconstruction from a single holographic image without detailed knowledge of the complex illumination function incident on the sample, as demonstrated for freeze-dried cells of the eukaryotic amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum. The accessible resolution range is explored by simulations, indicating that resolutions on the order of 20 nm are within reach applying illumination times on the order of minutes at present synchrotron sources.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.83.023804
SN  - 1050-2947
VL  - 83
IS  - 2
PB  - American Physical Society
CY  - College Park
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Toala, Jesús Alberto
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Gonzalez-Galan, Ana
A1  - Guerrero, Martín A.
A1  - Ignace, R.
A1  - Pohl, Martin
T1  - X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF BOW SHOCKS AROUND RUNAWAY O STARS. THE CASE OF zeta OPH AND BD+43 degrees 3654
JF  - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics
N2  - Non-thermal radiation has been predicted within bow shocks around runaway stars by recent theoretical works. We present X-ray observations toward the runaway stars zeta Oph by Chandra and Suzaku and of BD+43 degrees 3654 by XMM-Newton to search for the presence of non-thermal X-ray emission. We found no evidence of non-thermal emission spatially coincident with the bow shocks; nonetheless, diffuse emission was detected in the vicinity of zeta Oph. After a careful analysis of its spectral characteristics, we conclude that this emission has a thermal nature with a plasma temperature of T approximate to 2 x 10(6) K. The cometary shape of this emission seems to be in line with recent predictions of radiation-hydrodynamic models of runaway stars. The case of BD+43 degrees 3654 is puzzling, as non-thermal emission has been reported in a previous work for this source.
KW  - stars: individual (zeta Oph, BD+43 degrees 3654)
KW  - stars: winds, outflows
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/821/2/79
SN  - 0004-637X
SN  - 1538-4357
VL  - 821
PB  - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY  - Bristol
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Feldmeier, Achim
A1  - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer
T1  - X-ray line profiles from structured stellar winds
N2  - Absorbing material compressed in a number of thin shells is effectively less opaque for X-rays than smoothly distributed gas. The calculated X-ray emission line profiles are red-shifted if the emission arises from the starward side of the shells.
Y1  - 2003
SN  - 1-58381-133-8
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Feldmeier, Achim
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Hamann, Wolf-Rainer
T1  - X-ray line emission from a fragmented stellar wind
N2  - We discuss X-ray line formation in dense O star winds. A random distribution of wind shocks is assumed to emit X-rays that are partially absorbed by cooler wind gas. The cool gas resides in highly compressed fragments oriented perpendicular to the radial flow direction. For fully opaque fragments, we find that the blueshifted part of X-ray line profiles remains flat-topped even after severe wind attenuation, whereas the red part shows a steep decline. These box- type, blueshifted profiles resemble recent Chandra observations of the O3 star zeta Pup. For partially transparent fragments, the emission lines become similar to those from a homogeneous wind.
Y1  - 2003
ER  -