TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. T1 - Principles of Market-Oriented Labor Market Policies T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2002 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 91 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. T1 - The Dunlop report : european links and other odd connections T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1995 VL - 4 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. T1 - Principles of market-oriented labor market policies T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2001 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 84 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. T1 - Is community social policy beneficial, irrelevant, or harmful to the labor market performance of the european union? T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2000 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 76 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. T1 - Is community social policy beneficial, irrelevant, or harmful to the labor market performance of the european union? T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2000 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 90 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. A1 - Blackburn, McKinley L. T1 - A puzzling aspect of the effect of advance notice on unemployment T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1995 VL - 5 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. A1 - Chilton, John B. T1 - Models of union behavior T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1995 VL - 7 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. A1 - Schnabel, Claus A1 - Wagner, Joachim T1 - Works councils in Germany : their effects on firm performance T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1998 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 46 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. A1 - Schnabel, Claus A1 - Wagner, Joachim T1 - On the determinants of "Mandatory" works councils in Germany T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1995 VL - 11 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. A1 - Teixeira, Paulino T1 - The effect of worker representation on employment bebaviour in Germany: another case of -2.5% T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2004 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 115 PB - EIIW CY - Wuppertal ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Addison, John T. A1 - Teixeira, Paulino T1 - What have we learned about the employment effects of serverance pay? Futher iterstions of Lazear et al. T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2003 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 110 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Agata, Koichiro T1 - Internet, economic growth and globalization T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2002 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 101 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Alon, Ilan A1 - Chang, Julian A1 - Fetscherin, Marc A1 - Lattemann, Christoph A1 - McIntyre, John R. T1 - Final Reflections Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-0-230-57625-4 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Alon, Ilan A1 - Chang, Julian A1 - Fetscherin, Marc A1 - Lattemann, Christoph A1 - McIntyre, John R. T1 - Introduction Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-0-230-57625-4 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bakardjieva, Radostina A1 - Sowada, Christoph T1 - The employment crisis, pensions and poverty in Bulgaria 1990-1998 : trends – consequences – preventative measures N2 - After promising beginnings towards transformation, in 1991 the Bulgarian economy fell into deep crisis in the period from 1995 to 1997. Social policy, already overstrained due to the demands of transition, was unable to cope effectively with the rapidly spreading state of emergency. The following essay analyses the development of the social indicators and instruments of social security in the years 1990 to 1998. In addition to unemployment and unemployment insurance, the issue of pensions and poverty will also be examined. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 14 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48899 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bakardjieva, Radostina A1 - Sowada, Christoph T1 - Privatisation in Bulgaria : strategies, methods, results and conclusions N2 - Privatisation in Central and Eastern Europe can be defined as the transfer of property rights from the State to private owners. The transfers are carried out so as to vest the new private owners with the full property rights of use and disposal over their property, these rights being guaranteed by the legal framework established by the rule of law. In Bulgaria, one can distinguish between three main stages in the process of privatisation. Each was shaped by the conflicting resolutions of frequently changing governments and meant to serve different political goals. The first stage (1990-1993) is characterised by the blockade of legal privatisation, as ‘spontaneous privatisation’ was accorded high priority. As in other former socialist countries, great emphasis was placed on the so-called commercialisation of state-owned enterprises. This did not involve the actual transfer of State property into private hands, but rather the independent transformation of state-owned enterprises into joint-stock companies, as well as the establishment of subsidiary companies.1 The goals of introducing more efficient structures and applying modern methods of production by transferring property to a more suitable management were not achieved. The second stage (1993-1995) is a cash privatisation, which laid the foundation for an employee/management buy-out, aided by the legal provisions granting concessions in the payment of instalments. The most important factor in the third stage of the process of privatisation in Bulgaria was the adoption of the mass privatisation model as an alternative method of procedure. In 1996, legal regulations for mass privatisation were introduced and a privatisation fund was established. In the meantime, the process has evolved into its fourth stage, during which a strategy of privatisation has been formulated under the supervision of a monetary council, and various agreements with the IMF and the World Bank are being adhered to. Privatisation is the decisive factor in the structural reforms of East European countries. The problem of converting State property into more effective forms of property management has been exacerbated by the additional demand of carrying out the far-reaching structural changes as swiftly as possible. The expectation that a large part of State property would be privatised within a short time in Bulgaria, has not been met for a number of reasons. When the reforms began, the private sector was too weakly developed to become a catalyst for structural changes. Until 1995 there were no laws regulating the stock exchange or securities and bonds - the capital market was practically non-existent. Moreover, the various political parties could not agree upon the various models and objectives of privatisation. The population itself had no capital. The restitution of private ownership which will not be discussed in further detail was limited to the smallest businesses, traders and workshops. Furthermore, the Privatisation Agency and State authorities employed to initiate the privatisation process lacked experience. Another problem hindering privatisation was that the laws passed lacked precision and were constantly subject to change. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 16 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48914 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Balderjahn, Ingo T1 - Grundgedanken und Beispiele zur Entwicklung von Leitbildern für Städte N2 - Inhalt: Grundgedanken zur Entwicklung von Leitbildern -Leitbilder im Kontext eines Stadtmarketingkonzeptes -Ein Modell zur Entwicklung von Leitbildern -Das Leitbild als ein Element der Entwicklung eines Stadtmarketing- Konzepts -Funktion von Leitbildern -Anforderungen an Leitbilder Beispiele zur Leitbildentwicklung für die Städte Hennigsdorf und Potsdam T3 - Vortragsreihe / Lehrstuhl für Betriebswirtschaftslehre mit dem Schwerpunkt Marketing - 9 Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-9283 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bartels, Knut A1 - Boztug, Yasemine A1 - Müller, Marlene T1 - Testing the Multinominal Logit Model T3 - Discussion Paper / Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, SFB 373, Quantifikation und Simulatio Y1 - 1999 SN - 1436-0640 PB - Humboldt-Univ. CY - Berlin ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bednarski, Marek T1 - Privatisation policy and industrial policy in Poland in the period of transformation N2 - The transformation of centrally planned economies needs privatisation and a co-ordinated industrial policy. This paper presents an overview of the legal basis, tools, and out-comes of privatisation and industrial policies in Poland in the nineties. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 6 Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48812 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bednarski, Marek A1 - Kurowski, Piotr T1 - Industrial policy and social strategy at the corporate level in Poland : questionnaire results N2 - This paper presents results from a survey of industrial policy of the state and the social security system at the corporate level in Poland. Previous reports in this area indicated preferable directions of research to be taken in order to prove various hypotheses of the purposefulness of an integral approach to industrial policy and social security in the analysis of economic processes in transition (see Weikard 1997). This paper summarises the results and draws conclusions from a questionnaire study on subsidies, social benefits and economic policy in Polish firms during the process of transformation. Our results and conclusions show the scope and character of the processes in the area of industrial and social policy in the period 1994 to 1997. The paper is divided into five parts. The first part concerns the aims and methodology of the questionnaire; it also gives a brief description of the sample. The second part shows how enterprises dealt with the issues of employment and wages in this period. The third part characterises industrial policy at the corporate level, while the next presents results from the survey of various social schemes pursued. The final part aims at an integral approach in the analysis of various processes taking place in Polish enterprises. The survey was conducted in the period April to June 1998. Its aim was to observe certain phenomena occurring at the corporate level. The questionnaire was distributed among the managers, directors and presidents of large-size enterprises, which had been selected to satisfy the following three criteria. Firstly, the number of employees had to be considerable (over 300 workers). This criterion was applied following the consideration that certain social phenomena are more conspicuous in enterprises with large manpower. Secondly, only operating enterprises were selected, the enterprises which closed down were disregarded. Finally, for the purposes of the survey the units differed as regards their legal situation and form of ownership. Out of over 1800 enterprises 370 units were drawn where we sent the questionnaire. Unfortunately, as many as 51.9% of the respondents refused co-operation, questions to a certain extent puts the representativeness of the sample in question. Finally, 178 questionnaires were subsequently completed and returned for analysis. However, not all of these questionnaires included full answers to all of the 75 questions; therefore, while discussing the results of the survey we have indicated the number of relevant answers we have received. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 12 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48873 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bohn, Frank T1 - Monetary union and the interest-exchange trade-off T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1998 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 49 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bohn, Frank T1 - Powerful groups and corruption T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2000 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 88 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bohn, Frank ED - Welfens, Paul J. J. T1 - The Italian case : a parable for the Eastern enlargement of the EMU T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1999 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 64 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bohn, Frank T1 - Political instability, inflation, and international loas T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1999 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 70 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Bork, Christhart A1 - Petersen, Hans-Georg T1 - Revenue and distributional effects of the current tax reform proposals in Germany : an evaluation by microsimulation N2 - Contents: The Model -Data -The Integrated Microdata File -Weights and Updates -Validation -Possibilities and Limitations The Tax Reform Proposals Revenue and Distributional Effects T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge - Bd. 26 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8797 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Böhme, Dimo T1 - EU-Russia energy relations: What chance for solutions? : A focus on the natural gas sector N2 - Public debate about energy relations between the EU and Russia is distorted. These distortions present considerable obstacles to the development of true partnership. At the core of the conflict is a struggle for resource rents between energy producing, energy consuming and transit countries. Supposed secondary aspects, however, are also of great importance. They comprise of geopolitics, market access, economic development and state sovereignty. The European Union, having engaged in energy market liberalisation, faces a widening gap between declining domestic resources and continuously growing energy demand. Diverse interests inside the EU prevent the definition of a coherent and respected energy policy. Russia, for its part, is no longer willing to subsidise its neighbouring economies by cheap energy exports. The Russian government engages in assertive policies pursuing Russian interests. In so far, it opts for a different globalisation approach, refusing the role of mere energy exporter. In view of the intensifying struggle for global resources, Russia, with its large energy potential, appears to be a very favourable option for European energy supplies, if not the best one. However, several outcomes of the strategic game between the two partners can be imagined. Engaging in non-cooperative strategies will in the end leave all stakeholders worse-off. The European Union should therefore concentrate on securing its partnership with Russia instead of damaging it. Stable cooperation would need the acceptance that the partner may pursue his own goals, which might be different from one’s own interests. The question is, how can a sustainable compromise be found? This thesis finds that a mix of continued dialogue, a tit for tat approach bolstered by an international institutional framework and increased integration efforts appears as a preferable solution. N2 - Die öffentliche Debatte über die Energiebeziehungen Russlands und der EU ist verzerrt. Diese Verzerrungen verhindern die Entwicklung einer wirklichen Energiepartnerschaft. Kern des Konflikts ist ein Kampf um Rohstoffrenten zwischen Energie produzierenden, Energie konsumierenden und Transitstaaten. Dabei sind scheinbar nebensächliche Aspekte wie geopolitische Überlegungen, Marktzutrittsbedingungen, wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und staatliche Souveränität, die kaum Beachtung finden, von umso größerer Bedeutung. Die EU, die ihre Energiemärkte liberalisiert, sieht sich einer wachsenden Lücke zwischen abnehmenden eigenen Ressourcen und stetig steigender Energienachfrage gegenüber. Vielfältige Interessen innerhalb der Union verhindern die Definition einer kohärenten und allgemein akzeptierten Energiepolitik. Russland seinerseits ist nicht länger gewillt, die Volkswirtschaften seiner Nachbarstaaten mit billigen Energieexporten zu subventionieren. Die russische Regierung verfolgt russische Interessen, und tut dies durchaus mit Nachdruck. Insofern, als dass sie für Russland selbst mehr als die Rolle eines bloßen Energieexporteurs wünscht, verfolgt sie auch eine eigene Herangehensweise an die Globalisierung. Vor dem Hintergrund des zunehmenden globalen Wettstreits um Ressourcen erscheint Russland mit seinem großen Energiepotential als sehr vorteilhafte, wenn nicht sogar die beste Option für die europäische Energieversorgung. In einem solchen strategischen Spiel der beiden Partner sind grundsätzlich verschiedene Ergebnisse vorstellbar. Wählen beide nichtkooperative Strategien, so verlieren letztlich alle Beteiligten. Die EU sollte sich deshalb darauf konzentrieren, ihre Partnerschaft mit Russland zu intensivieren, anstatt sie zu beschädigen. Eine verlässliche Kooperation setzt dabei die Akzeptanz voraus, dass der Partner seine eigenen Ziele verfolgt, die durchaus verschieden von EU-Interessen sein können. Die Frage ist, wie ein dauerhaft tragfähiger Kompromiss gefunden werden kann. Diese Arbeit argumentiert im Sinne einer Kombination aus fortgeführtem Dialog, einer tit-for-tat Strategie, die von einem internationalen institutionellen Rahmenwerk begleitet wird sowie verstärkten Integrationsbemühungen. T3 - Potsdam Economic Studies - 3 KW - EU KW - Russland KW - Energie KW - Gas KW - Kooperation KW - Rohstoffe KW - EU KW - Russia KW - energy KW - gas KW - cooperation KW - resources Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63022 SN - 978-3-86956-278-0 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Christev, Atanas A1 - FitzRoy, Felix T1 - Employment and wages in transition : panel evidence from Poland N2 - New survey data for a panel of Polish firms is used to estimate employment and wage adjustments under various forms of ownership (insider vs. outsider) and asymmetric response to exogenous shocks. In contrast to earlier studies, dynamic panel data estimators (GMM) allow for endogeneity of observed variables and partial adjustment to shocks. Results differ from other findings in the transition literature: wages have little effect on dynamic labor demand and the firm-size wage effect is confirmed. Firms that expand employment have to pay significantly larger wage increases and rising sales add little to employment, suggesting labor hoarding. Dec1ining sales, however, significantly reduce employment and privatization (or anticipation thereof) has the expected benefits. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 19 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48946 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Christev, Atanas A1 - Petersen, Hans-Georg T1 - Privatisation and ownership : the impact on firms in transition survey evidence from Bulgaria N2 - Previous papers in this Special Series, have described in detail the theoretical background and development patterns, along with some empirical results, for the privatisation processes in Bulgaria and Poland. A range of issues have been raised which demand closer empirical investigation. For this purpose, the research group has developed questionnaire studies for Bulgaria and Poland. In Bulgaria, the National Statistical Institute (NSI) carried out the case studies between February and April 1998. The problems of the questionnaire set-up were identified in apre-test study, but unlike the Polish case, they led to only minor differentiation. Since financial limitations prevented a larger sample size, a sample size of 61 mid-sized and large Bulgarian enterprises was selected. Failure to respond was not a serious problem, unlike with the Polish questionnaire; this is because the NSI has maintained good links to the enterprise sector and management were prepared to give detailed answers, even on questions of their firms' financial status. However, as the Polish experience suggests, it has become obvious that the privatisation process is also associated with management's increasing reluctance to answer comparatively 'intimate' questions. Thus, future questionnaire studies must take a much higher rate of refusals into consideration. The pre-selection procedure in Bulgaria was determined by the project target, which sought to analyse the effects of the privatisation process on firm' s behaviour during the transition process, and hence only firms which had already existed before the changes were included. For small and medium-size enterprises (SME's), most of which were founded after the changes, partly due to the legal processes of spontaneous privatisation, some empirical, as weIl as analytical, studies were carried out. Thus, the research group limited the scope of investigation to enterprises with more than 250 employees. The underlying hypothesis is that employment problems are concentrated in larger firms, in particular amongst those still (partly) state owned. Because of the former ownership structures and relatively slower capacity for management change, the assumption is that state-owned enterprises (SOE's) which have only been recently privatised might still have traditional links to government even after privatisation. On the one hand, the SME's are obviously more prone to, and linked with, market processes. As a result, they don't have the financial potential and incentives to follow job-hoarding strategies. On the other hand, there are almost no SME's which are still stateowned. Hence, the prevailing opinion in the literature is that 'larger industrial firms were apt to be least efficient, most often producing inadequate and non-competitive products, with a high degree ofunder-utilisation oflabour and most inflexible to change' (lones & Nikolov 1997, p. 252). Thus, as mentioned above, though there may be some limitations with regard to firm representation, our sample characterises a number of enterprises that offer fertile ground for the analysis of firms' adjustment to the newly established market realities in a transition economy. Our study is unique in the sense that existing empirical studies on privatisation and enterprise restructuring generally cover the time period just before and after the initial stages of transition, e.g. 1988/89 to 1992. In those studies, samples of firms in the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary and Bulgaria recognise that behavioural adaptations at the enterprise level had taken place just before the actual privatisation process materialised. Therefore, almost all of the firms under examination were still state-owned. The firms were usually divided according to their performance as 'good', 'average' and 'bad' enterprises. The main findings of those early studies have shown that the macroeconomic adaptations (i.e., macro-level changes which induced micro-level adjustment by the firms), as well as emerging market structures, have created enormous pressures which in turn have influenced firms' economic behaviour, reallocation of resources and consequent restructuring. This evidence supports the hypothesis that the SOE's started restructuring and adjusting their behaviour and performance, in response to the harsh realities of more open markets, before privatisation actually started. In this paper, we seek to present some results on these developments in Bulgaria, at the later stages of transition and privatisation (1992-1996). The aim of our questionnaire study is therefore to show the effects of the privatisation process and ownership on the behavioural adaptations of firms which had once been state-owned or continue to be owned by the state. The period under investigation is 1992 to 1996. For 1990 and 1991, the number of missing values is reactively high and, where relevant, we partly exclude these observations from our analysis. The paper contains seven sections. Section 11 outlines the macroeconomic environment in which our sample firms operate, provides some specifics of the Bulgarian privatisation process, and discusses data quality. Section 111 concentrates on the analysis of privatisation, the specific forms of ownership that resulted from it, and firm size. In Section IV, we describe the trends of the main economic variables within firms (such as employment, wages, labour productivity, etc), and a number of proxies of firm viability, while Section V presents some regression results to corroborate the discussion of the previous section. Section VI gives an overview of survey results of the impact of enterprise determined wage policy, trade union activity and membership, government control, and social benefits on enterprise restructuring. Section VII is a summary of our findings. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 17 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48920 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Christev, Atanas A1 - Weikard, Hans-Peter T1 - Social benefits and the enterprise : some recent evidence from Bulgaria and Poland N2 - In socialist economies firms have provided various social benefits, like child care, health care, food subsidies, housing etc. Using panel data from Bulgarian and Polish firms, this paper attempts to explain firm-specific provision of social benefits in the process of transition. We investigate empirically with the help of qualitative response models, how ownership type and structure, firm size, profitability, change in management, foreign direct investment, wage and employment policies, union involvement and employee power have impacted the state of non-wage benefits provision. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 18 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48938 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Demopoulos, George D. A1 - Fratzeskos, Emmanuel K. T1 - Macroeconomic developments and problems in the transition process of the Bulgarian economy N2 - This paper analyses the macroeconomic developments which have taken place in the Bulgarian economy in the period 1993-1997. The paper also looks at the institutional arrangements and the process of economic policy-making in the country. In this context the problems the Bulgarian economy has experienced in the transition process towards a market-oriented economy are also studied. The paper proceeds as follows: Section 2 looks at the institutional arrangements and the process of economic policy-making through 1995. Section 3 studies the deep economic crisis in 1996 and points out what went wrong in that period. Section 4 continues studying the economic crisis of the Bulgarian economy as well as the problems in the transition process during the first half of 1997. Section 5 looks at the economic developments during the second half of 1997 and points to the prospects for growth in 1998. Section 6 deals with the Bulgarian financial institutions and the existing institutional arrangements. Finally, Section 7 concludes the paper. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 7 Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48825 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Dittrich, Eckhard A1 - Dobak, Miklos A1 - Hollinshead, Graham A1 - Novy, Ivan A1 - Sackmann, Sonja ED - Wagner, Dieter ED - Lang, Reinhart T1 - Journal for East European Management Y1 - 1996 PB - Hampp CY - Mering ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Doupnik, Timothy S. A1 - Richter, Martin T1 - Interpretation of uncertainty expressions : a cross-national study T3 - Studies in Auditing : Beiträge zur betriebswirtschaftlichen Prüfungslehre Y1 - 2000 SN - 1433-9394 VL - 2 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Dunn, Malcolm H. T1 - Inside the capitalist firm : an evolutionary theory of the principal agent-relation N2 - This book deals with the inner life of the capitalist firm. There we find numerous conflicts, the most important of which concerns the individual employment relationship which is understood as a principal-agent problem between the manager, the principal, who issues orders that are to be followed by the employee, the agent. Whereas economic theory traditionally analyses this relationship from a (normative) perspective of the firm in order to support the manager in finding ways to influence the behavior of the employees, such that the latter – ideally – act on behalf of their superior, this book takes a neutral stance. It focusses on explaining individual behavioral patterns and the resulting interactions between the actors in the firm by taking sociological, institutional, and above all, psychological research into consideration. In doing so, insights are gained which challenge many assertions economists take for granted. T3 - Potsdam Economic Studies - 1 KW - Principal agent relation KW - firm behaviour KW - evolutionary economics KW - transaction costs KW - conflict management Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-65151 SN - 978-3-86956-247-6 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Faber, Cathleen T1 - The measurement and development of georgian consumer prices N2 - This paper presents in the first section a methodological introduction concerning statistics of consumer prices in Georgia. The second section gives a general idea of the development of consumer prices from January 1994 till September 1999. A detailed regional analysis is added in section 3. The fourth section analyses the development of consumer prices for the eight main groups included in the total CPI. Section 5 compares the changes in Georgian CPI with the movements of foreign exchange rates in Georgian Lari. This paper ends with a summary including a short outlook to the next years. T3 - Statistische Diskussionsbeiträge - 14 Y1 - 1999 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-12139 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Fuhrmann, Wilfried T1 - The Baltics in transformation T3 - International economics working paper Y1 - 1996 VL - 9602 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gabbert, Silke A1 - Weikard, Hans-Peter T1 - Food deficits, food security and food aid : concepts and measurement N2 - The concepts of food deficit, hunger, undernourishment and food security are discussed. Axioms and indices for the assessment of nutrition of individuals and groups are suggested. Furthermore a measure for food aid donor performance is developed and applied to a sample of bilateral and multilateral donors providing food aid for African countries. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge - Bd. 21 Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-8589 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gavrilenkov, Evgeny T1 - Diversification of the russian economy and growth T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2003 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 111 PB - EIIW CY - Wuppertal ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gavrilenkov, Evgeny T1 - Macroeconomic situation in russia: growth, investment and capital flows T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2002 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 100 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gerstberger, Tilo A1 - Graack, Cornelius T1 - Competition and deregulation in the Japanese telecommunications network industry T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1997 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 38 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gloede, Klaus A1 - Sempf, Harald L. T1 - Goals and tasks of the regional economic policy in new (East)German States T3 - Diskussionsbeiträge zur regionalen Wirtschaftspolitik Y1 - 1997 VL - 6 PB - Univ. Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Golinowska, Stanislawa T1 - Public social expenditures in Poland in the period of transition N2 - The study presents estimates and analyses of the social expenditure in Poland. Changes which occurred during the transformation period are a reflection of consciously launched political transformations as well as decisions taken as a result of current needs and political pressures. This has an impact on the volume and structure of expenditures which are under consolidation. The debate devoted to budget issues, which gets more intense every autumn, testifies to increasing problems with correcting guidelines for distribution of expenditures. Even slight changes stand for depriving a specified group of transfers, what in democratic conditions produces strong protests. A similar negative attitude to changes became evident with regard to taxation. Recommendations presented in 1998 by the Polish government [see Ministry of Finance, 1998a, 1998b] introduce substantial modifications to the current tax system (withdrawal from tax exemptions and introduction of a tax-free minimum income) and thus met with a massive reluctance of major political fractions. This study provides readers with information on the volume of public expenditures, the source of public revenue, that is taxes, and a thorough study on expenditures allocated to social goals. The analysis was carried out on the basis of own estimates, which employ data acquired from the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy. T3 - Finanzwissenschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Specials series S: Industrial and social policies in countries in transition - 9 Y1 - 1998 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48845 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Graack, Cornelius T1 - Structure of the telecoms sector and degree of internationalization in Europe and Russia T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1996 VL - 17 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Graack, Cornelius T1 - Infrastucture investments and regulation in telecommunications T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1997 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 31 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Graack, Cornelius T1 - EU-Telecom markets and international network alliances : developments, strategies and policy implications T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1995 VL - 8 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gronau, Norbert T1 - Approach for requirement oriented team building : eChallenges 2007 Y1 - 2007 PB - Univ. Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Fröming, Jane A1 - Schmid, Simone T1 - Application of knowledge management methods for the improvement of education and training needs Y1 - 2006 UR - http://wi.uni-potsdam.de/homepage/potsdam.nsf/ DocFrame?ReadForm&ID=91843FB5CE651E60C1257145004E1E26&Key=PUB_2006&Lang=de CY - Harbin ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Guth, Michael A1 - Welfens, Paul J. J. T1 - From technology policy for regions to regional technology policy : towards a new policy strategy in the EU T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 2000 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 78 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hartmann, Philipp T1 - Foreign exchange vehicles before and after EMU : from Dollar/Mark to Dollar/Euro? T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen Y1 - 1997 SN - 1430-5445 VL - 24 PB - Univ. Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hartwig, Karl-Hans T1 - EU and eastern Europe : western european integration and eastern european transformation T3 - Diskussionsbeitrag / Europäisches Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen, Potsdam Y1 - 1996 VL - 15 PB - Univ. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hummel, Detlev A1 - Luttermann, Claus T1 - Eurasian Dynamics for Project Finance Development BT - interkulturelle Perspektiven Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-947802-47-0 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER -