TY  - JOUR
A1  - Caliendo, Marco
A1  - Künn, Steffen
T1  - Getting back into the labor market: the effects of start-up subsidies for unemployed females
JF  - Journal of population economics
N2  - Low female labor market participation is a problem many developed countries have to face. Beside activating inactive women, one possible solution is to support the re-integration of unemployed women. Due to female-specific labor market constraints (preferences for flexible working hours, discrimination), this is a difficult task, and the question arises whether active labor market policies (ALMP) are an appropriate tool to help. It has been shown that the effectiveness of traditional (ALMP) programs-which focus on the integration in dependent (potentially inflexible) employment-is positive but limited. At the same time, recent evidence for Austria shows that these programs reduce fertility which might be judged unfavorable from a societal perspective. Promoting self-employment among unemployed women might therefore be a promising alternative. Starting their own business might give women more independence and flexibility to reconcile work and family and increase labor market participation. Based on long-term informative data, we find that start-up programs persistently integrate former unemployed women into the labor market, and the impact on fertility is less detrimental than for traditional ALMP programs.
KW  - Start-up subsidies
KW  - Evaluation
KW  - Long-term effects
KW  - Female labor-force participation
KW  - Fertility
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-015-0540-5
SN  - 0933-1433
SN  - 1432-1475
VL  - 28
IS  - 4
SP  - 1005
EP  - 1043
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  -