TY - JOUR A1 - Guliakova, A. A. A1 - Gorokhovatsky, Yu. A. A1 - Galikhanov, M. F. A1 - Frübing, Peter T1 - Thermoactivational spectroscopy of the high impact polystyrene based composite films T1 - Термоактивационная спектроскопия композитных полимерных пленок на основе ударопрочного полистирола JF - St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Journal : Physics and Mathematics N2 - The relaxation processes in the high impact polystyrene (HIPS) films filled with 2, 4, 6 vol.% of titanium dioxide (TiO2) of the rutile modification have been studied using the thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) technique. Three relaxation processes were observed in the composite HIPS films. The first one (a-relaxation peak) appeared at about 93 degrees C and represented the glass transition. The second peak p was a high-temperature part of the first one and overlapped it. The p peak was caused by the release and subsequent motion of excess charges deposited during the electret preparation or the polarization process. The third peak appeared at about 150 degrees C and occurred only in the spectra of the composite films. The overlapping peaks were separated by the thermal cleaning technique. The subsequent application of the numerical methods (the Tikhonov regularization technique) allowed to determine the activation energy of the second process and to compare the obtained value with the corresponding data on the dielectric relaxation. N2 - С помощью метода токов термостимулированной деполяризации (ТСД) исследованы релаксационные процессы в пленках ударопрочного полистирола (УПС) без наполнителя и с различным содержанием диоксида титана TiO2 (2, 4, 6 об.%). На кривых тока ТСД, полученных для композитных пленок, обнаружено три пика. Первый (α-релаксация) возникает при температуре около 93 °C и соответствует переходу вещества из стеклообразного состояния в высокоэластическое. Второй (ρ-пик) появляется как высокотемпературное плечо α-пика и соответствует процессу высвобождения и движения избыточных носителей заряда. Наличие третьего пика при температуре около 150 ºС характерно только для композитных пленок УПС. Разделение перекрывающихся α- и ρ-пиков проведено методом частичной термоочистки. Последующее применение регуляризующих алгоритмов Тихонова позволило определить энергию активации второго процесcа и сравнить полученное значение с результатом, полученным методом диэлектрической спектроскопии. KW - thermoactivational spectroscopy KW - high impact polystyrene KW - titanium dioxide Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18721/JPM.12401 SN - 2405-7223 SN - 2618-8686 SN - 2304-9782 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 9 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Asche, Matthias T1 - Ķeizaram tuvu, impērijai tālu BT - pārdomas par Livonijas saikni ar Svēto Romas impēriju no satversmes vēstures viedokļa T2 - Latvijas teritorija agrīni modernā laikmeta politiskajā dimensijā 16.–18. gadsimtā Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-9984-850-79-5 SN - 978-9984-850-80-1 SP - 40 EP - 53 PB - Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka CY - Riga ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vettese, Alberto T1 - Über die Haltbarkeit einer atypischen Partei JF - WeltTrends - Das außenpolitische Journal Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-947802-10-4 SN - 0944-8101 VL - 27 IS - 156 SP - 4 EP - 8 PB - WeltTrends e.V. CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Adam, Berit T1 - Öffentliches Rechnungswesen JF - Handbuch zur Verwaltungsreform Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-658-21562-0 SP - 443 EP - 456 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ET - 5., vollständig überarb. Aufl. ER - TY - THES A1 - Britzke, Sonja T1 - § 217 StGB im Lichte des strafrechtlichen Rechtsgutskonzeptes BT - Legitimität und Auslegung der Norm T2 - Studien zum Strafrecht ; 100 N2 - § 217 StGB reiht sich in andere kriminalpolitische Projekte des Gesetzgebers ein, die sich dem Einwand des fehlenden Rechtsgutsbezugs ausgesetzt sehen. Die Untersuchung zeigt auf, dass der Gesetzgeber mit der Einführung des § 217 StGB den Zweck des Strafrechts als „ultima-ratio“ des Rechtsgüterschutzes verfehlt hat. Auch wenn er mit der Norm den Schutz von Leben und Autonomie bezweckt hat, ist ihm die Umsetzung des Schutzes dieser Rechtsgüter nicht gelungen. Die Vorschrift dient vielmehr dem Zweck der Verhinderung einer Suizidkultur. Nach der systemkritischen Rechtsgutslehre kann ein solcher „moralischer“ Zweck jedoch kein strafrechtlich zu schützendes Rechtsgut darstellen. Da eine Aufhebung der Vorschrift durch das Bundesverfassungsgericht wenig wahrscheinlich erscheint, schließt sich der Rechtsgutsdiskussion eine praxisorientierte Auslegung der Norm unter dem Gesichtspunkt des überindividuellen Zwecks, der Verhinderung einer Suizidkultur, an. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8487-6129-6 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Baumann, Julia Nina T1 - ZwischenWelten in einer verlorenen Zeit BT - World-making von Geflüchteten in struktureller Peripherisierung - eine aktivistische Ethnolografie Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-947802-46-3 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schoeps, Julius H. T1 - Zwischen Kollaboration, Verrat und Handlungszwängen: ein beklemmendes Kapitel europäisch-jüdischer Beziehungsgeschichte in der Zeit der Nazi-Herrschaft JF - Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte N2 - A particularly dark chapter in the history of European-Jewish relations during the "Third Reich" involves the cooperation of individual Jewish Community leaders and functionaries with Nazi authorities, in particular the cooperation between a few single Jewish Community leaders and the Gestapo. This "cooperation" was partially born of the overall coercion, but in some cases was also marked by denunciation and betrayal. In order to avoid being deported themselves and to save their own skins, there were isolated cases of Jewish men and women who agreed to track down other Jews and hand them over to the authorities, knowing full well what they were doing. T2 - Between Collaboration, Betrayal and Action Constraints: an oppressive Chapter of European-Jewish Relationship History during the Period of Nazi Rule Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/15700739-07104004 SN - 0044-3441 VL - 71 IS - 4 SP - 395 EP - 411 PB - Brill CY - Leiden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Breternitz, Joachim A1 - Lehmann, Frederike A1 - Barnett, Sarah A. A1 - Nowell, Harriott A1 - Schorr, Susan T1 - Zur Rolle der Iodid-Methylammonium-Interaktion in der Ferroelektrizität in CH3NH3PbI3 JF - Angewandte Chemie N2 - Ihre außergewöhnlich hohen Konversionseffizienzen von über 20 % und die einfache Zellherstellung machen Hybridperowskite zu heißen Kandidaten für alternative Solarzellenmaterialien. CH3NH3PbI3 als Archetyp dieser Materialklasse besitzt außergewöhnliche Eigenschaften wie eine sehr effiziente Umwandlung von Solarenergie, wobei besonders Ferroelektrizität als mögliche Erklärung in den Fokus gerückt ist. Diese erfordert allerdings eine nicht-zentrosymmetrische Kristallstruktur als notwendige Voraussetzung. Wir stellen hier eine Erklärung des Symmetriebruchs in diesem Material auf kristallographischem, d. h. fernordnungs-basiertem, Wege vor. Während das Molekülkation CH3NH3+ intrinsisch polar ist, ist es extrem fehlgeordnet und kann deshalb nicht die einzige Erklärung darstellen. Es verzerrt allerdings das umgebende Kristallgitter und ruft dadurch eine Verschiebung der Iod-Atome von den zentrosymmetrischen Positionen hervor. KW - ferroelectricity KW - hybrid perovskites KW - inorganic chemistry KW - photovoltaic materials KW - structure elucidation Y1 - 2019 VL - 132 IS - 1 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. CY - New Jersey ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tosch, Frank T1 - Zur Konzeption und gestaltung der neuen Dauerausstellung im Schulmuseum Reckahn 2017 JF - Heinrich Julius Bruns (1746-1794) : Interpretationen - Quellen Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-89693-732-2 SP - 179 EP - 196 PB - Weidler CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sorg, Bernhard T1 - Zur Konstruktion eines transzendentalen ästhetischen Subjekts bei Bernhard und Jelinek T1 - The Construction of a transcendental aesthetic Subject by Bernhard and Jelinek JF - Elfriede Jelinek und Thomas Bernhard Intertextualität – Korrelationen – Korrespondenzen Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-11-063267-5 SN - 978-3-11-062697-1 SN - 978-3-11-073672-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110632675-008 VL - 154 SP - 89 EP - 99 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prüfer, Uwe T1 - Zur Erhebung über Aktivitäten für eine globale nachhaltige Entwicklung in Brandenburger Kommunen 2018 JF - Brandenburg auf dem Weg in die Zukunftsfähigkeit? Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-947802-31-9 SP - 43 EP - 45 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Demske, Ulrike ED - Ágel, Vilmos ED - Feilke, Helmuth ED - Linke, Angelika ED - Lüdeling, Anke ED - Tophinke, Doris T1 - Zur Autonomie indirekter Redewiedergabe - eine diachrone Perspektive JF - Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik N2 - Regarding verbal mood and complementation patterns of reporting verbs, the distinction between direct and indirect reported speech is well established in present-day German. This paper looks into the history of German: Common knowledge has it that both the use of verbal mood as well as the quality of clause linkage undergo considerable changes giving rise to the question how these changes affect the manifestations of indirect reported speech in earlier stages of German. The historical record of the 16th century (with an outlook on the 17th century) shows that the distinction between direct and indirect reported speech is not yet grammaticalized in historical sources at the time. In particular with respect to dependent (in)direct reported speech, both types prefer V2-complements with only verbal mood differentiating between the types. Although present and past subjunctive have a much wider distribution in earlier stages of German, the occurrence of free indirect speech likewise testifies to its increasing use as a marker of indirect reported speech. The growing conventionalization of patterns of indirect reported speech in the course of Early Modern German may be considered as an example for an increase of subjectification in its development. KW - indirekte Redewiedergabe KW - diachron KW - Redewiedergabe Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2019-0003 SN - 0301-3294 print SN - 1613-0626 online VL - 47 IS - 1 SP - 70 EP - 101 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin, New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baesler, Jessica A1 - Kopp, Johannes Florian A1 - Pohl, Gabriele A1 - Aschner, Michael A1 - Haase, Hajo A1 - Schwerdtle, Tanja A1 - Bornhorst, Julia T1 - Zn homeostasis in genetic models of Parkinson’s disease in Caenorhabditis elegans JF - Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology N2 - While the underlying mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still insufficiently studied, a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors is emphasized. Nevertheless, the role of the essential trace element zinc (Zn) in this regard remains controversial. In this study we altered Zn balance within PD models of the versatile model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in order to examine whether a genetic predisposition in selected genes with relevance for PD affects Zn homeostasis. Protein-bound and labile Zn species act in various areas, such as enzymatic catalysis, protein stabilization pathways and cell signaling. Therefore, total Zn and labile Zn were quantitatively determined in living nematodes as individual biomarkers of Zn uptake and bioavailability with inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) or a multi-well method using the fluorescent probe ZinPyr-1. Young and middle-aged deletion mutants of catp-6 and pdr-1, which are orthologues of mammalian ATP13A2 (PARK9) and parkin (PARK2), showed altered Zn homeostasis following Zn exposure compared to wildtype worms. Furthermore, age-specific differences in Zn uptake were observed in wildtype worms for total as well as labile Zn species. These data emphasize the importance of differentiation between Zn species as meaningful biomarkers of Zn uptake as well as the need for further studies investigating the role of dysregulated Zn homeostasis in the etiology of PD. KW - Caenorhabditis elegans KW - Zinc KW - Zinc homeostasis KW - Parkinson disease KW - Labile zinc Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.05.005 VL - 55 SP - 44 EP - 49 PB - Elsevier CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baesler, Jessica A1 - Kopp, Johannes F. A1 - Pohl, Gabriele A1 - Aschner, Michael A1 - Haase, Hajo A1 - Schwerdtle, Tanja A1 - Bornhorst, Julia T1 - Zn homeostasis in genetic models of Parkinson’s disease in Caenorhabditis elegans JF - Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology KW - Caenorhabditis elegans KW - Zinc KW - Zinc homeostasis KW - Parkinson disease KW - Labile zinc Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.05.005 SN - 0946-672X VL - 55 SP - 44 EP - 49 PB - Elsevier GMBH CY - München ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wieczorek, Bernhard ED - Schütze, Götz T1 - Zivilprozessordnung und Nebengesetze BT - Teil: 13. Band / Teilband 2., Brüssel Ia-VO T3 - Grosskommentare der Praxis Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-11-056609-3 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ET - 4., neu bearbeitete Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marszałek, Magdalena ED - Nicolosi, Riccardo ED - Obermayr, Brigitte ED - Weller, Nina T1 - Zeugnis und kontrafaktisches Erzählen JF - Interventionen in die Zeit : Kontrafaktisches Erzählen und Erinnerungskultur Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-506-78733-0 SP - 35 EP - 46 PB - Ferdinand Schöningh CY - Paderborn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strotseva-Feinschmidt, Anna A1 - Schipke, Christine S. A1 - Gunter, Thomas C. A1 - Brauer, Jens A1 - Friederici, Angela D. T1 - Young children’s sentence comprehension T1 - Neural correlates of syntax-semantic competition JF - Brain and cognition : a journal of experimental and clinical research N2 - Sentence comprehension requires the assignment of thematic relations between the verb and its noun arguments in order to determine who is doing what to whom. In some languages, such as English, word order is the primary syntactic cue. In other languages, such as German, case-marking is additionally used to assign thematic roles. During development children have to acquire the thematic relevance of these syntactic cues and weigh them against semantic cues. Here we investigated the processing of syntactic cues and semantic cues in 2- and 3-year-old children by analyzing their behavioral and neurophysiological responses. Case-marked subject-first and object-first sentences (syntactic cue) including animate and inanimate nouns (semantic cue) were presented auditorily. The semantic animacy cue either conflicted with or supported the thematic roles assigned by syntactic case-marking. In contrast to adults, for whom semantics did not interfere with case-marking, children attended to both syntactic and to semantic cues with a stronger reliance on semantic cues in early development. Children’s event-related brain potentials indicated sensitivity to syntactic information but increased processing costs when case-marking and animacy assigned conflicting thematic roles. These results demonstrate an early developmental sensitivity and ongoing shift towards the use of syntactic cues during sentence comprehension. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2018.09.003 SN - 0278-2626 SN - 1090-2147 VL - 134 SP - 110 EP - 121 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kayhan, Ezgi A1 - Heil, Lieke A1 - Kwisthout, Johan A1 - van Rooij, Iris A1 - Hunnius, Sabine A1 - Bekkering, Harold T1 - Young children integrate current observations, priors and agent information to predict others’ actions JF - PLOS ONE / Public Library of Science N2 - From early on in life, children are able to use information from their environment to form predictions about events. For instance, they can use statistical information about a population to predict the sample drawn from that population and infer an agent’s preferences from systematic violations of random sampling. We investigated whether and how young children infer an agent’s sampling biases. Moreover, we examined whether pupil data of toddlers follow the predictions of a computational model based on the causal Bayesian network formalization of predictive processing. We formalized three hypotheses about how different explanatory variables (i.e., prior probabilities, current observations, and agent characteristics) are used to predict others’ actions. We measured pupillary responses as a behavioral marker of ‘prediction errors’ (i.e., the perceived mismatch between what one’s model of an agent predicts and what the agent actually does). Pupillary responses of 24-month-olds, but not 18-month-olds, showed that young children integrated information about current observations, priors and agents to make predictions about agents and their actions. These findings shed light on the mechanisms behind toddlers’ inferences about agent-caused events. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which young children's pupillary responses are used as markers of prediction errors, which were qualitatively compared to the predictions by a computational model based on the causal Bayesian network formalization of predictive processing. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200976 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 14 IS - 5 PB - PLOS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - GEN A1 - Halfpap, Stefan A1 - Schlosser, Rainer T1 - Workload-Driven Fragment Allocation for Partially Replicated Databases Using Linear Programming T2 - 2019 IEEE 35th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE) N2 - In replication schemes, replica nodes can process read-only queries on snapshots of the master node without violating transactional consistency. By analyzing the workload, we can identify query access patterns and replicate data depending to its access frequency. In this paper, we define a linear programming (LP) model to calculate the set of partial replicas with the lowest overall memory capacity while evenly balancing the query load. Furthermore, we propose a scalable decomposition heuristic to calculate solutions for larger problem sizes. While guaranteeing the same performance as state-of-the-art heuristics, our decomposition approach calculates allocations with up to 23% lower memory footprint for the TPC-H benchmark. KW - database replication KW - allocation problem KW - linear programming Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-1-5386-7474-1 SN - 978-1-5386-7475-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDE.2019.00188 SN - 1084-4627 SN - 2375-026X SN - 1063-6382 SP - 1746 EP - 1749 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pliatsikas, Christos A1 - Verissimo, Joao Marques A1 - Babcock, Laura A1 - Pullman, Mariel Y. A1 - Glei, Dana A. A1 - Weinstein, Maxine A1 - Goldman, Noreen A1 - Ullman, Michael T. T1 - Working memory in older adults declines with age, but is modulated by sex and education JF - The quarterly journal of experimental psychology N2 - Working memory (WM), which underlies the temporary storage and manipulation of information, is critical for multiple aspects of cognition and everyday life. Nevertheless, research examining WM specifically in older adults remains limited, despite the global rapid increase in human life expectancy. We examined WM in a large sample (N=754) of healthy older adults (aged 58-89) in a non-Western population (Chinese speakers) in Taiwan, on a digit n-back task. We tested not only the influence of age itself and of load (1-back vs. 2-back) but also the effects of both sex and education, which have been shown to modulate WM abilities. Mixed-effects regression revealed that, within older adulthood, age negatively impacted WM abilities (with linear, not nonlinear, effects), as did load (worse performance at 2-back). In contrast, education level was positively associated with WM. Moreover, both age and education interacted with sex. With increasing age, males showed a steeper WM decline than females; with increasing education, females showed greater WM gains than males. Together with other findings, the evidence suggests that age, sex, and education all impact WM in older adults, but interact in particular ways. The results have both basic research and translational implications and are consistent with particular benefits from increased education for women. KW - Ageing KW - sex differences KW - education KW - working memory KW - n back Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021818791994 SN - 1747-0218 SN - 1747-0226 VL - 72 IS - 6 SP - 1308 EP - 1327 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miklashevsky, Alex A. T1 - Words as social tools BT - the old and the new. Bridging cognition and communication Comment on "Words as social tools: Language, sociality and inner grounding in abstract concepts" by Anna M. Borghi et al. T2 - Physics of life reviews Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2019.04.002 SN - 1571-0645 SN - 1873-1457 VL - 29 SP - 164 EP - 165 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eiteljoerge, Sarah F. V. A1 - Adam, Maurits A1 - Elsner, Birgit A1 - Mani, Nivedita T1 - Word-object and action-object association learning across early development JF - PLoS one N2 - Successful communication often involves comprehension of both spoken language and observed actions with and without objects. Even very young infants can learn associations between actions and objects as well as between words and objects. However, in daily life, children are usually confronted with both kinds of input simultaneously. Choosing the critical information to attend to in such situations might help children structure the input, and thereby, allow for successful learning. In the current study, we therefore, investigated the developmental time course of children’s and adults’ word and action learning when given the opportunity to learn both word-object and action-object associations for the same object. All participants went through a learning phase and a test phase. In the learning phase, they were presented with two novel objects which were associated with a distinct novel name (e.g., “Look, a Tanu”) and a distinct novel action (e.g., moving up and down while tilting sideways). In the test phase, participants were presented with both objects on screen in a baseline phase, then either heard one of the two labels or saw one of the two actions in a prime phase, and then saw the two objects again on screen in a recognition phase. Throughout the trial, participants’ target looking was recorded to investigate whether participants looked at the target object upon hearing its label or seeing its action, and thus, would show learning of the word-object and action-object associations. Growth curve analyses revealed that 12-month-olds showed modest learning of action-object associations, 36-month-olds learned word-object associations, and adults learned word-object and action-object associations. These results highlight how children attend to the different information types from the two modalities through which communication is addressed to them. Over time, with increased exposure to systematic word-object mappings, children attend less to action-object mappings, with the latter potentially being mediated by word-object learning even in adulthood. Thus, choosing between different kinds of input that may be more relevant in their rich environment encompassing different modalities might help learning at different points in development. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220317 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 14 IS - 8 PB - PLoS CY - San Fransisco ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paraskevopoulou, Sofia A1 - Dennis, Alice B. A1 - Weithoff, Guntram A1 - Hartmann, Stefanie A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Within species expressed genetic variability and gene expression response to different temperatures in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus sensu stricto JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Genetic divergence is impacted by many factors, including phylogenetic history, gene flow, genetic drift, and divergent selection. Rotifers are an important component of aquatic ecosystems, and genetic variation is essential to their ongoing adaptive diversification and local adaptation. In addition to coding sequence divergence, variation in gene expression may relate to variable heat tolerance, and can impose ecological barriers within species. Temperature plays a significant role in aquatic ecosystems by affecting species abundance, spatio-temporal distribution, and habitat colonization. Recently described (formerly cryptic) species of the Brachionus calyciflorus complex exhibit different temperature tolerance both in natural and in laboratory studies, and show that B. calyciflorus sensu stricto (s.s.) is a thermotolerant species. Even within B. calyciflorus s.s., there is a tendency for further temperature specializations. Comparison of expressed genes allows us to assess the impact of stressors on both expression and sequence divergence among disparate populations within a single species. Here, we have used RNA-seq to explore expressed genetic diversity in B. calyciflorus s.s. in two mitochondrial DNA lineages with different phylogenetic histories and differences in thermotolerance. We identify a suite of candidate genes that may underlie local adaptation, with a particular focus on the response to sustained high or low temperatures. We do not find adaptive divergence in established candidate genes for thermal adaptation. Rather, we detect divergent selection among our two lineages in genes related to metabolism (lipid metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics). Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223134 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 14 PB - PLoS ONE CY - San Francisco, California ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vladova, Gergana A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Rüdian, Sylvio Leo T1 - Wissenstransfer in Bildung und Weiterbildung BT - der Beitrag Künstlicher Intelligenz T2 - Digitale Transformation - gutes Arbeiten und Qualifizierung aktiv gestalten Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-95545-309-1 SP - 89 EP - 106 PB - Gito CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wewer, Göttrik A1 - Fischer, Caroline T1 - Wissensmanagement JF - Handbuch zur Verwaltungsreform Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-658-21562-0 SP - 653 EP - 664 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ET - 5., vollständig überarb. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Raatz, Larissa T1 - Wirtschaften in einer reich strukturierten Landschaft - geht das ? JF - Vielfalt in der Uckermark : Forschungsprojekte 2015 - 2018 Y1 - 2019 SP - 32 EP - 33 PB - oerding print GmbH CY - Braunschweig ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wachtel, Grit A1 - Penning, Isabelle T1 - Wirtschaft - Arbeit - Technik T2 - Handbuch Förderschwerpunkt geistige Entwicklung : Grundlagen - Spezifika - Fachorientierung - Lernfelder Y1 - 2019 UR - https://content-select.com/media/moz_viewer/5c84e9ca-1808-4c97-98f2-646eb0dd2d03#chapter=6414309&page=140 SN - 978-3-407-25800-7 SP - 584 EP - 597 PB - Julius Beltz CY - Weinheim ER - TY - THES A1 - Kalinowski, Eva T1 - Wirksamkeit von Lehrkräftefortbildungen zur fachintegrierten Sprachförderung N2 - Sprachliche Kompetenzen spielen für den Bildungserfolg von Schülerinnen und Schülern eine grundlegende Rolle. Die besonderen sprachlichen Anforderungen der Bildungsinstitutionen stellen einige Kinder und Jugendliche vor Herausforderungen, die ihnen eine erfolgreiche Bildungslaufbahn erschweren. Um allen Lernenden den Zugang zu Bildung zu gewähren, sollten sprachliche Kompetenzen im Rahmen des schulischen Alltags und insbesondere des Fachunterrichts gefördert werden. Um Lehrerinnen und Lehrer für diese Aufgabe zu qualifizieren, sind wirksame Fortbildungen essenziell. Fortbildungen sind allerdings nicht per se wirksam. Vielmehr wird ihre Wirksamkeit von einer Vielzahl von Faktoren bedingt und sie variiert je nach Bereich. Inwieweit Merkmale und Bedingungen wirksamer Fortbildungen sowie Gesamteffekte, die bereichsübergreifend und für einige spezifische Bereiche bekannt sind, auch für Lehrkräftefortbildungen zur fachintegrierten Sprachförderung gelten, ist bisher ungeklärt. Im deutschen Raum fehlt es an Evaluationsstudien, die die Wirksamkeit solcher Fortbildungen und ihre Gelingensbedingungen untersuchen. Im internationalen Raum sind solche Studien zwar vorhanden, in ihrer Gesamtheit jedoch schwer zu überblicken, sodass sich bislang keine umfassenden Aussagen über den Erfolg dieser Fortbildungen treffen lassen. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschäftigt sich die vorliegende Dissertation anhand von drei Teilstudien mit der Wirksamkeit von Fortbildungen, die Lehrkräfte dafür qualifizieren sollen, eine in die Fächer und Lernbereiche der Schule integrierte Sprachförderung umzusetzen. In einem systematischen Review (Studie 1) wurden die vorhandenen englischsprachigen Studien, in denen solche Fortbildungsmaßnahmen evaluiert wurden, systematisch ausgewertet. Insgesamt wurden 38 Studien einbezogen. Anhand dieser wurde qualitativ-inhaltsanalytisch untersucht, ob Merkmale wirksamer Lehrkräftefortbildung, die aus der fächerübergreifenden Forschung bekannt sind, für das spezifische Feld der Sprachförderung im Fachunterricht ebenfalls von Bedeutung sind oder ob dort andere Merkmale eine Rolle spielen. Die Studien deuten darauf hin, dass alle evaluierten Fortbildungen zumindest in gewissem Maß wirksam waren. Im Ergebnis zeigte sich, dass die Maßnahmen viele Eigenschaften teilen, die für eine erfolgreiche Lehrkräftefortbildung über verschiedene Fächer hinweg wichtig sind. Sie enthalten darüber hinaus einige Merkmale, die spezifisch für Fortbildung zur fachintegrierten Sprachförderung zu sein scheinen. Das Review stützt die Annahme, dass Fortbildungen die Kognitionen und die Unterrichtspraxis von Lehrkräften verändern und den Schülerinnen und Schülern zugutekommen kann, wenn bestimmte Merkmale bei der Gestaltung und Umsetzung berücksichtigt werden. Aufbauend auf das Review wurden mit einer Meta-Analyse (Studie 2) die Effekte aus denjenigen zehn Studien aggregiert, die sich auf quantitative Weise analysieren ließen. Es wurde der Gesamteffekt der Fortbildungen sowohl auf die Kognitionen (z. B. Überzeugungen) der Lehrkräfte als auch auf das unterrichtspraktische Handeln (z. B. Verwendung sprachförderlicher Strategien) der Lehrkräfte ermittelt. Außerdem wurde untersucht, welche Rolle Merkmale der einbezogenen Studien sowie der Fortbildungen für die Ausprägung der Effekte spielen. Die Analysen ergaben einen kleinen Fortbildungseffekt auf die Kognitionen und einen mittleren bis großen Effekt auf das unterrichtspraktische Handeln der Lehrkräfte. Studienmerkmale, die die methodische Qualität der Studien betrafen, moderierten die Effekte. Dennoch deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass Fortbildung zur fachintegrierten Sprachförderung sich günstig auf die Kognitionen und Handlungen von Lehrkräften auswirkt. Mit einer quasi-experimentellen Tagebuchstudie (Studie 3) wurde eine in Deutschland umgesetzte Fortbildung zur integrierten Sprachförderung formativ evaluiert. Die zentrale Frage war, inwiefern die fortgebildeten Grundschullehrkräfte in der Maßnahme vermittelte Sprachförderstrategien nach eigenen Angaben häufiger anwenden als ihre Kolleginnen und Kollegen, die nicht an der Fortbildung teilgenommen hatten. Untersucht wurde außerdem, inwiefern Faktoren wie die berichtete Kooperation im Kollegium mit der berichteten Häufigkeit der Strategieanwendung zusammenhängen. Mit einem standardisierten Tagebuch wurden 59 Grundschullehrkräfte befragt. Die mehrebenenanalytische Auswertung der Daten ergab keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der angegebenen Häufigkeit der Strategieanwendung zwischen den beiden Gruppen. Allerdings wurde die Nutzung einiger Strategien häufiger berichtet, wenn die Kooperation im Kollegium höher eingeschätzt wurde. Zudem fühlten sich die fortgebildeten Lehrkräfte im Vergleich zu den nicht fortgebildeten in der Anwendung der Strategien sicherer. Die zentralen Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation werden abschließend zusammengefasst und diskutiert. Implikationen für zukünftige Forschung, Fortbildungspraxis und Bildungspolitik werden formuliert. T2 - Effectiveness of Professional Development for Teachers to Foster Students’ Academic Language Proficiency across the Curriculum KW - Lehrkräftefortbildung KW - fachintegrierte Sprachförderung KW - sprachliche Bildung KW - Bildungssprache KW - Wirksamkeit KW - teacher professional development KW - in-service teacher training KW - cross-curriculum KW - content areas KW - academic language KW - effectiveness Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schüffler, Arnulf A1 - Thim, Christof A1 - Haase, Jennifer A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Kluge, Annette T1 - Willentliches Vergessen T1 - Intentional forgetting - precondition for flexibility and adaptivity in a permanent changing world BT - Voraussetzung für Flexibilität und Veränderungsfähigkeit in einer sich permanent verändernden Welt JF - Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Organisationspsychologie (GIO) N2 - Dieser Beitrag im Journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. stellt dar, wie willentliches Vergessen die Anpassung an notwendige Veränderungen für Individuen, Gruppen und Organisationen verbessert und wie willentliches Vergessen bewusst und gezielt gestaltet werden kann. Damit Verhalten in Folge einer notwendigen Veränderung angepasst wird, reicht es nicht aus, dass Menschen wissen was zu tun ist, willens und in der Lage sind ihr Verhalten zu verändern. Eine Veränderung gelingt nur dann, wenn nur noch das neue Verhalten zur Anwendung kommt und nicht mehr das Alte, wenn das alte Verhalten vergessen wird. Der notwendige Prozess des willentlichen Vergessens ist durch Entfernen von Hinweisreizen, die die Erinnerung des zu Vergessenden und durch Platzierung von Hinweisreizen, die die Aktivierung des Neuen auslösen, gestaltbar. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die förderliche Wirkung von Hinweisreizen auf willentliches Vergessen dar, stellt sie im Rahmen des Berichts einer experimentellen Studie unter Beweis und gibt praktische Implikationen, wie für Individuen, Gruppen und Organisationen willentliches Vergessen gestaltet werden kann. N2 - This paper in the journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. illustrates how intentional forgetting can improve the adaptation to necessary changes for individuals, groups and organizations, and how intentional forgetting can be consciously and purposefully designed.In order for behavior to be adapted as aresult of necessary change, it is not enough for people to know what to do, to be willing and able to change their behavior. Achange succeeds only if the new behavior is activated and not the old one, if the old behavior is forgotten. The necessary process of intentional forgetting can be designed by removing cues that retrieve memory items to be forgotten and placing cues that trigger the retrieval of the new.This paper presents the beneficial effects of cues on intentional forgetting, proves them in the context of areport of an experimental study and gives practical implications on how to design intentional forgetting for individuals, groups and organizations. KW - Intentional forgetting KW - Retrieval cues KW - Change KW - Adaptation KW - Behavior KW - Willentliches Vergessen KW - Hinweisreize KW - Veränderung KW - Anpassung KW - Verhalten Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11612-019-00466-0 SN - 2366-6145 SN - 2366-6218 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 197 EP - 209 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Busch, Verena A1 - Klaus, Valentin Helmut A1 - Schaefer, Deborah A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Chiste, Melanie A1 - Mody, Karsten A1 - Blüthgen, Nico A1 - Fischer, Markus A1 - Hölzel, Norbert A1 - Kleinebecker, Till T1 - Will I stay or will I go? Plant species-specific response and tolerance to high land-use intensity in temperate grassland ecosystems JF - Journal of vegetation science KW - community composition KW - ecological strategies KW - Ellenberg indicator values KW - land-use intensity niche KW - plant functional traits KW - species-specific niche breadth KW - species-specific niche optima KW - temperate grasslands KW - vegetation dynamics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12749 SN - 1100-9233 SN - 1654-1103 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 674 EP - 686 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wojciechowicz, Anna Aleksandra A1 - Vock, Miriam T1 - Wiedereinstieg in den Lehrerberuf nach der Flucht mit dem Refugee Teachers Program in Brandenburg T1 - Re-Entering the Teaching Profession aft er Refugee Migration with the Refugee Teachers Program in Brandenburg JF - Die deutsche Schule N2 - Die durch die Fluchtmigration ausgelösten aktuellen gesellschaftspolitischen Herausforderungen erfordern auch in der Lehrer*innenbildung institutionelle Weiterentwicklungsprozesse. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Bedeutung der Fluchtmigration für die Lehrer*innenbildung. Am Beispiel des Refugee Teachers Program an der Universität Potsdam wird ein universitäres Bildungsangebot zur Nachqualifizierung für geflüchtete Lehrkräfte vorgestellt. Dabei fokussieren wir die konzeptionellen Grundlagen, die Struktur und die Inhalte des Programms und diskutieren es im Kontext aktueller Fragestellungen der Lehrer*innenbildung. N2 - Amongst other challenges through refugee migration, institutional changes are required also in teacher education. Th is article exemplifi es reactions to forced migration with the Refugee Teachers Program at the University of Potsdam, a program designed to re� qualify in-service teachers who took refuge in Germany. We focus on the underlying concepts, the structure and the contents of the program and discuss it in the context of current issues of teacher education. KW - teacher training KW - forced migration KW - refugee teachers KW - Lehrer*innenbildung KW - (Flucht-)Migration KW - geflüchtete Lehrkräfte Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31244/dds.2019.02.08 SN - 0012-0731 VL - 111 IS - 2 SP - 219 EP - 229 PB - Waxmann CY - Münster ER - TY - JOUR A1 - von Kalckreuth, Moritz Alexander T1 - Wie viel Religionsphilosophie braucht es für eine Philosophie der Person? JF - Neue Zeitschrift für Systematische Theologie und Religionsphilosophie N2 - Der vorliegende Beitrag erörtert das Verhältnis einer Philo-sophie der Person zur Religionsphilosophie bzw. einer Philosophie religiöser Phänomene. Dabei soll die These vertreten werden, dass der personale Lebenszusammenhang bestimmte Phänomene aufweist, die nur in einem religiösen Kontext adäquat verstanden werden können. Die Interpretation dieser Phänomene kann einen Zugang zu bestimmten Aspekten von Personalität ermöglichen, die von den meisten Persontheorien der Gegenwart kaum beachtet werden. KW - person KW - personhood KW - religion KW - emotion KW - numinous KW - Max Scheler Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/nzsth-2019-0004 SN - 0028-3517 SN - 1612-9520 VL - 61 IS - 1 SP - 67 EP - 83 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voeth, Markus A1 - Herbst, Uta A1 - Haggenmüller, Sandra A1 - Weber, Marie-Christin T1 - Wie verhandeln deutsche Manager? JF - Zeitschrift für Konfliktmanagement Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.9785/zkm-2020-230107 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 21 EP - 24 PB - Dr. Otto Schmidt CY - Köln ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Litwin, Magdalena A1 - Colangeli, Pierluigi T1 - Wie und wohin reisen Wasserflöhe? JF - Vielfalt in der Uckermark : Forschungsprojekte 2015 - 2018 Y1 - 2019 SP - 28 EP - 29 PB - oerding print GmbH CY - Braunschweig ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Asche, Matthias T1 - Wie tolerant waren die Hohenzollern? BT - Eine kritische Sicht auf das sogenannte „Toleranzedikt“ von Potsdam JF - Die Hugenotten in Berlin (= Berliner Geschichte. Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Kultur) Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-96201-024-9 VL - 2019 SP - 34 EP - 41 PB - Elsengold CY - Berlin ER - TY - THES A1 - Ehrmanntraut, Sophie T1 - Wie Computer heimisch wurden BT - zur Diskursgeschichte des Personal Computers N2 - Mit der Einführung des Personal Computers Ende der 1970er-Jahre wurde ein neuer Markt für Konsument_innen von Computertechnologie geschaffen. Im Gegensatz zu den vorherrschenden Erzählungen über geniale Erfinder, tüchtige Unternehmer und Visionäre der Computerkultur im Silicon Valley nimmt Sophie Ehrmanntraut auch jenen Teil der amerikanischen Gesellschaft in den Blick, der Computer bis dahin nur aus den Nachrichten oder Science-Fiction-Romanen kannte. Ihre Studie zeigt: Die ersten Reaktionen der potenziellen Kundschaft waren ernüchternd – der Umgang mit Computern musste gelernt werden. Doch nicht zuletzt gezieltes Marketing verwandelte schließlich die Rechenmaschine vom selektiven Arbeitsinstrument zum Massenmedium der Informationsgesellschaft. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8376-4531-6 SN - 978-3-8394-4531-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839445310 IS - 56 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Treat, Claire C. A1 - Kleinen, Thomas A1 - Broothaerts, Nils A1 - Dalton, April S. A1 - Dommain, Rene A1 - Douglas, Thomas A. A1 - Drexler, Judith Z. A1 - Finkelstein, Sarah A. A1 - Grosse, Guido A1 - Hope, Geoffrey A1 - Hutchings, Jack A1 - Jones, Miriam C. A1 - Kuhry, Peter A1 - Lacourse, Terri A1 - Lahteenoja, Outi A1 - Loisel, Julie A1 - Notebaert, Bastiaan A1 - Payne, Richard J. A1 - Peteet, Dorothy M. A1 - Sannel, A. Britta K. A1 - Stelling, Jonathan M. A1 - Strauss, Jens A1 - Swindles, Graeme T. A1 - Talbot, Julie A1 - Tarnocai, Charles A1 - Verstraeten, Gert A1 - Williams, Christopher J. A1 - Xia, Zhengyu A1 - Yu, Zicheng A1 - Valiranta, Minna A1 - Hattestrand, Martina A1 - Alexanderson, Helena A1 - Brovkin, Victor T1 - Widespread global peatland establishment and persistence over the last 130,000 y JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America N2 - Glacial-interglacial variations in CO2 and methane in polar ice cores have been attributed, in part, to changes in global wetland extent, but the wetland distribution before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 ka to 18 ka) remains virtually unknown. We present a study of global peatland extent and carbon (C) stocks through the last glacial cycle (130 ka to present) using a newly compiled database of 1,063 detailed stratigraphic records of peat deposits buried by mineral sediments, as well as a global peatland model. Quantitative agreement between modeling and observations shows extensive peat accumulation before the LGM in northern latitudes (> 40 degrees N), particularly during warmer periods including the last interglacial (130 ka to 116 ka, MIS 5e) and the interstadial (57 ka to 29 ka, MIS 3). During cooling periods of glacial advance and permafrost formation, the burial of northern peatlands by glaciers and mineral sediments decreased active peatland extent, thickness, and modeled C stocks by 70 to 90% from warmer times. Tropical peatland extent and C stocks show little temporal variation throughout the study period. While the increased burial of northern peats was correlated with cooling periods, the burial of tropical peat was predominately driven by changes in sea level and regional hydrology. Peat burial by mineral sediments represents a mechanism for long-term terrestrial C storage in the Earth system. These results show that northern peatlands accumulate significant C stocks during warmer times, indicating their potential for C sequestration during the warming Anthropocene. KW - peatlands KW - carbon KW - methane KW - carbon burial KW - Quaternary Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813305116 SN - 0027-8424 VL - 116 IS - 11 SP - 4822 EP - 4827 PB - National Acad. of Sciences CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Philipowski, Katharina ED - Keller, Johannes ED - Kragl, Florian ED - Müller, Stephan T1 - Wider die Bewältigungsthese BT - Der glanzlose Tod, das ereignislose Leben und die Auflösung heroischer Sinngebung in der ‚Klage‘ JF - 13. und 14. Pöchlarner Heldenliedgespräch : die Nibelungenklage : Rüdiger von Bechelaren Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-902575-83-8 SP - 113 EP - 145 PB - Fassbaender CY - Wien ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stöver, Bernd T1 - Why no global peace order in 1945? BT - On the Failure of a World Security System after World War II JF - Historisches Jahrbuch Y1 - 2019 SN - 0018-2621 VL - 139 SP - 131 EP - 162 PB - Herder CY - Freiburg Breisgau ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Moffitt, Ursula Elinor A1 - Juang, Linda P. T1 - Who is "German" and who is a "migrant?" Constructing Otherness in education and psychology research JF - European Educational Research Journal N2 - Despite growing European and global interconnectedness, questions of national identity have only gained in importance in recent years. Yet the role researchers play in perpetuating norms of national belonging has gone largely unexamined. Who is included in unmarked national group labels such as German, Dutch, or Danish, who is understood as Other, and how terminology relates to exclusionary notions of national identity warrants greater investigation. Thus, using an exploratory review of recent research in the German context, the current study aimed to (a) identify relevant terminology in empirical education and psychology studies; (b) employ constructionist analysis to examine its situated meaning; (c) discuss societal and methodological implications; and (d) propose guidelines for more accurate and inclusive research. Based on a constructionist thematic analysis, a reiteration of a white ingroup and perceived immigrant Other was found. This dichotomy reinforces an exclusionary notion of who is German while omitting relevant information, such as participant generation or citizenship, from analyses. In doing so, researchers are perpetuating essentialized notions of national belonging while reporting incomplete and potentially inaccurate findings. Though selecting demographic information can be complex, recognizing the impact of labels and acknowledging heterogeneity are essential elements of inclusive and representative research. KW - Exploratory review KW - German identity KW - migration background KW - group labels KW - social constructionism KW - education research KW - psychology research KW - racialization Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904119827459 SN - 1474-9041 VL - 18 IS - 6 SP - 656 EP - 674 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhu, Chuanbin A1 - Pilz, Marco A1 - Cotton, Fabrice Pierre T1 - Which is a better proxy, site period or depth to bedrock, in modelling linear site response in addition to the average shear-wave velocity? JF - Bulletin of earthquake engineering : official publication of the European Association for Earthquake Engineering N2 - This study aims to identify the best-performing site characterization proxy alternative and complementary to the conventional 30 m average shear-wave velocity V-S30, as well as the optimal combination of proxies in characterizing linear site response. Investigated proxies include T-0 (site fundamental period obtained from earthquake horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios), V-Sz (measured average shear-wave velocities to depth z, z = 5, 10, 20 and 30 m), Z(0.8) and Z(1.0) (measured site depths to layers having shear-wave velocity 0.8 and 1.0 km/s, respectively), as well as Z(x-infer) (inferred site depths from a regional velocity model, x = 0.8 and 1.0, 1.5 and 2.5 km/s). To evaluate the performance of a site proxy or a combination, a total of 1840 surface-borehole recordings is selected from KiK-net database. Site amplifications are derived using surface-to-borehole response-, Fourier- and cross-spectral ratio techniques and then are compared across approaches. Next, the efficacies of 7 single-proxies and 11 proxy-pairs are quantified based on the site-to-site standard deviation of amplification residuals of observation about prediction using the proxy or the pair. Our results show that T-0 is the best-performing single-proxy among T-0, Z(0.8), Z(1.0) and V-Sz. Meanwhile, T-0 is also the best-performing proxy among T-0, Z(0.8), Z(1.0) and Z(x-infer) complementary to V-S30 in accounting for the residual amplification after V-S30-correction. Besides, T-0 alone can capture most of the site effects and should be utilized as the primary site indicator. Though (T-0, V-S30) is the best-performing proxy pair among (V-S30, T-0), (V-S30, Z(0.8)), (V-S30, Z(1.0)), (V-S30, Z(x-infer)) and (T-0, V-Sz), it is only slightly better than (T-0, V-S20). Considering both efficacy and engineering utility, the combination of T-0 (primary) and V-S20 (secondary) is recommended. Further study is needed to test the performances of various proxies on sites in deep sedimentary basins. KW - Site effects KW - Amplification KW - Site proxy KW - Surface-to-borehole spectral ratios KW - KiK-net KW - Earthquake Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00738-6 SN - 1570-761X SN - 1573-1456 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 797 EP - 820 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - CHAP A1 - van Bernum, Anja ED - Rohlfing-Dijoux, Stephanie ED - Hellmann, Uwe T1 - When does life end? T1 - Wann endet das Leben? BT - the moment of death in criminal law BT - der Todeszeitpunkt im Strafrecht T2 - Perspectives of law and culture on the end-of-life legislations in France, Germany, India, Italy and United Kingdom N2 - If you look at the question of the end-of-life legislation, one – or rather THE basic question – is particularly interesting: What is the "end of life"? What is death? Ofcourse, one can approach this question theologically or philosophically, but alsolegally and especially medically. Since the 1960 s, medical progress has made itpossible to distinguish between different individual points of time within the na-tural dying process. However, this raises the question as to which of these pointsof time is relevant for criminal law. This question, which is usually onsideredvery emotionally, will be examined in more detail in the paper. N2 - Wenn man sich mit der Frage der End-of-Life-Legislation auseinandersetzt, ist eine – oder besser gesagt DIE – grundlegende Frage besonders interessant: Was ist eigentlich das „End of Life“? Was ist der Tod? Dieser Frage kann man sich selbst-verständlich theologisch oder philosophisch nähern, aber eben auch rechtlich und vor allem medizinisch. In den 60er Jahren unterlag die Bestimmung des Todeszeitpunktes im Strafrecht einer grundsätzlichen Änderung: Nicht mehr der Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand, sondern der irreversible Hirntod ist nun entscheidend. So einfach sich dies niederschreiben lässt, so kompliziert und problembelastet ist der Umgang in der Praxis. Die nachfolgenden Ausführungen sollen daher den Todeszeitpunkt, insbesondere aus strafrechtlicher Sicht, genauer beleuchten. Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-3-8487-5492-2 SN - 978-3-8452-9677-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845296777-251 SP - 251 EP - 260 PB - Nomos CY - Baden-Baden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hall, Joan Kelly A1 - Malabarba, Taiane A1 - Kimura, Daisuke T1 - What’s Symmetrical? BT - A Teacher’s Cooperative Management of Learner Turns in a Read-aloud Activity JF - The Embodied Work of Teaching N2 - This chapter investigates teacher management of learner turns in an American second-grade classroom during a read-aloud activity. A read-aloud is a whole-group instructional activity which involves a teacher read-ing aloud a book to a cohort of students as they listen (Tainio & Slotte, 2017). Using ethnomethodological conversation analysis (EMCA) and drawing on the concepts of alignment and affi liation (Steensig, 2012; Stivers, 2008; Stivers et al., 2011), we investigate how embodied practices such as gaze, facial expressions, body positioning and gestures in addition to verbal practices are used by the teacher separately and together to respond to learner turns in ways that keep the learners aff ectively engaged and, at the same time, ensure the orderly progression of the lesson. Our analysis shows that teacher cooperative management of learners’ turns involves: (1) orient-ing to them as affi liative tokens in order to neutralize their disaligning force while still treating learners as cooperative participants in the activity; and (2) managing turns not only according to their sequential positions and the actions they project but, just as importantly, to the larger instructional proj-ect being accomplished. The study contributes to the re-specifi cation of the everyday grounds of teaching in order to broaden understandings of the specialized nature of such work (Macbeth, 2014). Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-1-78892-548-8 SN - 978-1-78892-550-1 SN - 978-1-78892-549-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21832/9781788925501-006 VL - 75 SP - 37 EP - 56 PB - Multilingual Matters CY - Bristol ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Apelojg, Benjamin T1 - What´s going on?! Needs and emotions during classes BT - the Felix-App: new ways of feedback and evaluating classes in real time T2 - 9th International Conference on Society and Information Technologies (ICSIT 2018) N2 - The “output-orientation” is omnipresent in teacher education. In order to evaluate teachers' and students' performances, a wide range of different quantitative questionnaires exist worldwide. One important goal of teaching evaluation is to increase the quality of teaching and learning. The author argues, that standard evaluations which are typically made at the end of the semester are problematic due to two reasons. The first one is that some of the questions are too general and don`t offer concrete ideas as to what kind of actions can be taken to make the courses better. The second problem is that the evaluation is mostly made when the course is already over. Because of this criticism, Apelojg invented the Felix-App which offers the possibility to give feedback in real-time by asking for the emotions and needs that occur during different learning situations. The idea is very simple: positive emotions and satisfied needs are helpful for the learning process. Negative emotions and unsatisfied needs have negative effects on the learning process. First descriptive results show, that “managing emotions” during classes can have positive effects on both motivation and emotions. KW - Emotionen KW - Bedürfnisse KW - Motivation KW - Echtzeitmessung KW - Emotions KW - needs KW - real-time measurement KW - Felix-App KW - feedback Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-1-5108-9702-1 IS - 1 SP - 85 EP - 88 PB - Curran Associates CY - Red Hook ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heße, Falk A1 - Comunian, Alessandro A1 - Attinger, Sabine T1 - What We Talk About When We Talk About Uncertainty BT - Toward a Unified, Data-Driven Framework for Uncertainty Characterization in Hydrogeology JF - Frontiers in Earth Science KW - Bayesianism KW - uncertainty analysis KW - hydrogeology KW - data science KW - opinion KW - prior derivation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00118 SN - 2296-6463 VL - 7 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fay, Doris A1 - Urbach, Tina A1 - Scheithauer, Linda T1 - What motivates you right now? BT - Development of a measure of momentary-chronic regulatory focus JF - Measurement Instruments for the Social Sciences N2 - Regulatory focus is a motivational construct that describes humans’ motivational orientation during goal pursuit. It is conceptualized as a chronic, trait-like, as well as a momentary, state-like orientation. Whereas there is a large number of measures to capture chronic regulatory focus, measures for its momentary assessment are only just emerging. This paper presents the development and validation of a measure of Momentary–Chronic Regulatory Focus. Our development incorporates the distinction between self-guide and reference-point definitions of regulatory focus. Ideals and ought striving are the promotion and prevention dimension in the self-guide system; gain and non-loss regulatory focus are the respective dimensions within the reference-point system. Three-survey-based studies test the structure, psychometric properties, and validity of the measure in its version to assess chronic regulatory focus (two samples of working participants, N = 389, N = 672; one student sample [time 1, N = 105; time 2, n = 91]). In two further studies, an experience sampling study with students (N = 84, k = 1649) and a daily-diary study with working individuals (N = 129, k = 1766), the measure was applied to assess momentary regulatory focus. Multilevel analyses test the momentary measure’s factorial structure, provide support for its sensitivity to capture within-person fluctuations, and provide evidence for concurrent construct validity. KW - Regulatory focus KW - State and trait measurement KW - Scale development KW - Diary study KW - Experience sampling method Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s42409-019-0007-7 SN - 2523-8930 VL - 2 IS - 5 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Richter, Dirk A1 - Kleinknecht, Marc A1 - Gröschner, Alexander T1 - What motivates teachers to participate in professional development? An empirical investigation of motivational orientations and the uptake of formal learning opportunities JF - Teaching and Teacher Education Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.102929 SN - 0742-051X VL - 86 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schosser, Josef A1 - Ströbele, Heiko T1 - What is the value of Facebook? BT - Evidence from the Schwartz/Moon model JF - Journal of risk finance N2 - On May 17, 2012, the social networking company Facebook Inc. fixes its initial public offering (IPO) price at $38.00 a share. Over the next couple of months, contrary to expectations raised by previous IPOs, the stock price crashes more than 50 per cent. Immediately, the question arises whether the issuer’s or the stock market’s pricing of the share are in line with the firm’s fundamentals. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to determine the company value in close proximity to the date of IPO. KW - Facebook KW - Firm valuation KW - Growth company KW - Initial public offering KW - Real options KW - Schwartz KW - Moon model KW - G32 Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JRF-05-2018-0069 SN - 1526-5943 SN - 2331-2947 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 267 EP - 290 PB - Emerald Group Publishing Limited CY - Bingley ER - TY - THES A1 - Scheithauer, Linda T1 - What have you been doing besides studying? Evaluators' competence attributions on extracurricular activities in application documents Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mah, Dana-Kristin A1 - Ifenthaler, Dirk T1 - What do first-year students need? BT - digital badges for academic support to enhance student retention JF - Journal of applied research in higher education N2 - The purpose of this paper is to analyse data on first-year students’ needs regarding academic support services and reasons for their intention to leave the institution prior to degree completion. On the basis of the findings, a digital badge outline is proposed which could contribute to improved communication of academic requirements in order to help students to better adapt to higher education demands. Digital badges might also serve as an indicator for students’ needing additional academic support services. KW - Higher education KW - Retention KW - Learning analytics KW - First-year students Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-12-2018-0258 SN - 2050-7003 SN - 1758-1184 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 86 EP - 96 PB - Emerald Group Publishing Limited CY - Bingley ER -