TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kröner, A.
A1  - Alexeiev, D. V.
A1  - Kovach, V. P.
A1  - Rojas-Agramonte, Y.
A1  - Tretyakov, A. A.
A1  - Mikolaichuk, A. V.
A1  - Xie, H.
A1  - Sobel, Edward
T1  - Zircon ages, geochemistry and Nd isotopic systematics for the Palaeoproterozoic 2.3-1.8 Ga Kuilyu Complex, East Kyrgyzstan
BT  - the oldest continental basement fragment in the Tianshan orogenic belt
JF  - Journal of Asian earth sciences
N2  - Precambrian microcontinents represent key tectonic units in the accretionary collages of the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), and their geological history is reasonably well established since the Mesoproterozoic but remains weakly constrained for older epochs due to a scarcity of exposed Palaeoproterozoic and Archaean rocks. Early Precambrian rocks were previously reported from several metamorphic complexes in the Kyrgyz Tianshan orogenic belt, mainly based on multigrain conventional zircon dating, but the present study only confirmed such rocks at one site, namely in the Kuilyu Complex of eastern Kyrgyzstan. New single grain SHRIMP II zircon ages, geochemical data, and whole-rock Nd isotopic compositions for granitoid gneisses of the Kuilyu Complex elucidate the age, origin and tectonic settings of this oldest continental fragment in the Tianshan. The Kuilyu Complex is part of the basement in the Ishim - Middle Tianshan microcontinent. It consist of a strongly deformed and metamorphosed supracrustal assemblage of paragneisses and schists which are tectonically interlayered with amphibolites, migmatites and granitoid gneisses. Our zircon dating indicates that the Kuilyu Complex contains two suites of Palaeoproterozoic granitoid gneisses with magmatic protolith ages of ca. 2.32-2.33 Ga and 1.85 Ga. Granitoid magmatism at 1.85 Ga was almost immediately followed by amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca 1.83 Ga, evidenced by growth of metamorphic zircon rims. The older, ca 2.3 Ga granitoid gneisses chemically correspond to calc-alkaline, metaluminous, I-type magnesian quartz diorite and granodiorite. The protolith of the younger, ca. 1.85 Ga granite-gneiss is an alkalic-calcic, metaluminous to peraluminous, ferroan medium-grained porphyric granite with chemical features resembling A-type granites. The 2.3 Ga and 1.85 Ga granitoid gneisses have slightly to distinctly negative initial epsilon(Nd) values of -1.2 and -6.6, and similar depleted mantle Nd model ages of 2.7-2.6 Ga, which imply melting of Neoarchaean continental crust. The zircon age patterns of the Kuilyu Complex resemble those of exposed rocks in the Tarim Craton, where episodes of granitoid magmatism at ca. 2.3-2.4 and 1.85 Ga, followed by amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca 1.85 Ga, are also recorded. Similarities in the early Precambrian magmatic and metamorphic episodes as well as similar histories during the Neoproterozoic and early Palaeozoic suggest that the Ishim-Middle Tianshan microcontinent was rifted off the Tarim Craton. Similar age patterns also suggest possible tectonic links of the Kuilyu and Tarim continental blocks with the Baidrag Block of central Mongolia. In contrast, substantial differences in age and Precambrian evolution between the Anrakhai block of southern Kazakhstan and the Kuilyu Complex argue against a previous connection and suggest the former to represent an independent continental terrane. Current data show that early Precambrian rocks in the western CAOB outside Tarim only occur at two sites, namely in the Anrakhai Complex of southern Kazakhstan and in the Kuilyu Complex of eastern Kyrgyzstan. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Kuilyu Complex
KW  - Zircon dating
KW  - Microcontinent
KW  - CAOB
KW  - Middle Tianshan
KW  - Kyrgyzstan
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.12.022
SN  - 1367-9120
SN  - 1878-5786
VL  - 135
SP  - 122
EP  - 135
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sanjurjo-Ferrrin, G.
A1  - Torrejon, J. M.
A1  - Postnov, K.
A1  - Oskinova, Lida
A1  - Rodes-Roca, J. J.
A1  - Bernabeu, Guillermo
T1  - XMM-Newton spectroscopy of the accreting magnetar candidate 4U0114+65
JF  - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2  - Methods. We analysed the energy-resolved light curve and the time-resolved X-ray spectra provided by the EPIC cameras on board XMM-Newton. We also analysed the first high-resolution spectrum of this source provided by the Reflection Grating Spectrometer. Results. An X-ray pulse of 9350 +/- 160 s was measured. Comparison with previous measurements confirms the secular spin up of this source. We successfully fit the pulse-phase-resolved spectra with Comptonisation models. These models imply a very small (r similar to 3 km) and hot (kT similar to 2-3 keV) emitting region and therefore point to a hot spot over the neutron star (NS) surface as the most reliable explanation for the X-ray pulse. The long NS spin period, the spin-up rate, and persistent X-ray emission can be explained within the theory of quasi-spherical settling accretion, which may indicate that the magnetic field is in the magnetar range. Thus, 4U0114+65 could be a wind-accreting magnetar. We also observed two episodes of low luminosity. The first was only observed in the low-energy light curve and can be explained as an absorption by a large over-dense structure in the wind of the B1 supergiant donor. The second episode, which was deeper and affected all energies, may be due to temporal cessation of accretion onto one magnetic pole caused by non-spherical matter capture from the structured stellar wind. The light curve displays two types of dips that are clearly seen during the high-flux intervals. The short dips, with durations of tens of seconds, are produced through absorption by wind clumps. The long dips, in turn, seem to be associated with the rarefied interclump medium. From the analysis of the X-ray spectra, we found evidence of emission lines in the X-ray photoionised wind of the B1Ia donor. The Fe K alpha line was found to be highly variable and much weaker than in other X-ray binaries with supergiant donors. The degree of wind clumping, measured through the covering fraction, was found to be much lower than in supergiant donor stars with earlier spectral types. Conclusions. The XMM-Newton spectroscopy provided further support for the magnetar nature of the neutron star in 4U0114+65. The light curve presents dips that can be associated with clumps and the interclump medium in the stellar wind of the mass donor.
KW  - X-rays: binaries
KW  - stars: winds, outflows
KW  - pulsars: individual: 4U0114+65
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201630119
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 606
SP  - 4039
EP  - 4042
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Miedema, P. S.
A1  - Mitzner, Rolf
A1  - Ganschow, S.
A1  - Föhlisch, Alexander
A1  - Beye, Martin
T1  - X-ray spectroscopy on the active ion in laser crystals
JF  - Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies
N2  - The active ions in typical laser crystals were studied with Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) and Partial Fluorescence Yield X-ray Absorption (PFY-XAS) spectroscopies as solid state model systems for dilute active centers. We analyzed Ti3+ and Cr3+ in alpha-Al2O3:Ti3+ and LiCaAlF6:Cr3+, respectively. The comparison of experimental data with semi-empirical multiplet calculations provides insights into the electronic structure and shows how measured crystal field energies are related across different spectroscopies.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cp03026f
SN  - 1463-9076
SN  - 1463-9084
VL  - 19
SP  - 21800
EP  - 21806
PB  - Royal Society of Chemistry
CY  - Cambridge
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - De Becker, M.
A1  - del Valle, Maria Victoria
A1  - Romero, G. E.
A1  - Peri, C. S.
A1  - Benaglia, P.
T1  - X- ray study of bow shocks in runaway stars
JF  - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
N2  - Massive runaway stars produce bow shocks through the interaction of their winds with the interstellar medium, with the prospect for particle acceleration by the shocks. These objects are consequently candidates for non-thermal emission. Our aim is to investigate the X-ray emission from these sources. We observed with XMM-Newton a sample of five bow shock runaways, which constitutes a significant improvement of the sample of bow shock runaways studied in X-rays so far. A careful analysis of the data did not reveal any X-ray emission related to the bow shocks. However, X-ray emission from the stars is detected, in agreement with the expected thermal emission from stellar winds. On the basis of background measurements we derive conservative upper limits between 0.3 and 10 keV on the bow shocks emission. Using a simple radiation model, these limits together with radio upper limits allow us to constrain some of the main physical quantities involved in the non-thermal emission processes, such as the magnetic field strength and the amount of incident infrared photons. The reasons likely responsible for the non-detection of non-thermal radiation are discussed. Finally, using energy budget arguments, we investigate the detectability of inverse Compton X-rays in a more extended sample of catalogued runaway star bow shocks. From our analysis we conclude that a clear identification of non-thermal X-rays from massive runaway bow shocks requires one order of magnitude (or higher) sensitivity improvement with respect to present observatories.
KW  - acceleration of particles
KW  - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
KW  - stars: earlytype
KW  - X-rays: stars
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1826
SN  - 0035-8711
SN  - 1365-2966
VL  - 471
SP  - 4452
EP  - 4464
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Munoz, Melissa
A1  - Moffat, Anthony F. J.
A1  - Hill, Grant M.
A1  - Shenar, Tomer
A1  - Richardson, Noel D.
A1  - Pablo, Herbert
A1  - St-Louis, Nicole
A1  - Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina
T1  - WR 148: identifying the companion of an extreme runaway massive binary
JF  - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
N2  - WR 148 (HD 197406) is an extreme runaway system considered to be a potential candidate for a short-period (4.3173 d) rare WR + compact object binary. Provided with new high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra from the Keck observatory, we determine the orbital parameters for both the primary WR and the secondary, yielding respective projected orbital velocity amplitudes of 88.1 ± 3.8 km s−1 and 79.2 ± 3.1 km s−1 and implying a mass ratio of 1.1 ± 0.1. We then apply the shift-and-add technique to disentangle the spectra and obtain spectra compatible with a WN7ha and an O4-6 star. Considering an orbital inclination of ∼67°, derived from previous polarimetry observations, the system's total mass would be a mere 2–3M⊙⁠, an unprecedented result for a putative massive binary system. However, a system comprising a 37M⊙ secondary (typical mass of an O5V star) and a 33M⊙ primary (given the mass ratio) would infer an inclination of ∼18°. We therefore reconsider the previous methods of deriving the orbital inclination based on time-dependent polarimetry and photometry. While the polarimetric results are inconclusive requiring better data, the photometric results favour low inclinations. Finally, we compute WR 148’s space velocity and retrace the runaway's trajectory back to the Galactic plane (GP). With an ejection velocity of 198 ± 27 km s−1 and a travel time of 4.7 ± 0.8 Myr to reach its current location, WR 148 was most likely ejected via dynamical interactions in a young cluster.
KW  - binaries: spectroscopic
KW  - stars: individual: WR 148
KW  - stars: kinematics and dynamics
KW  - stars: mass-loss
KW  - stars: winds, outflows
KW  - stars: Wolf-Rayet
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2283
SN  - 0035-8711
SN  - 1365-2966
VL  - 467
SP  - 3105
EP  - 3121
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Muschalla, Beate
T1  - Work-anxiety-coping intervention improves work-coping perception while a recreational intervention leads to deterioration
BT  - results from a randomized controlled trial
JF  - European journal of work and organizational psychology : the official journal of The European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology
N2  - Work-anxieties are costly and need early intervention. The perception of being able to cope with work is a basic requirement for work ability. This randomized controlled trial investigates whether a cognitive behavioural, work-anxiety-coping group (WAG) intervention leads to better work-coping perception than an unspecific recreational group (RG). Heterogeneous people in medical rehabilitation, who were due to return to work, were interviewed concerning their work-anxieties, and either randomly assigned to a WAG (n=85) or a RG (n=95). The participants (with an average of 50years old [range 23-64]; 51% women; 70% workers or employees, 25% academics, 5% unskilled) followed the group intervention for four or six sessions. The perceived work-coping was assessed by self-rating (Inventory for Job-Coping and Return Intention JoCoRi) after each group session. Although participants had a slight temporary decrease in work-coping after group session two (from M-1=2.47 to M-2=2.28, d(Cohen)=-.22), the WAG led to the improvement of perceived work-coping over the intervention course (from M-1=2.47 to M-6=2.65, d(Cohen)=.18). In contrast, participants from the RG reported lower work-coping after six group sessions (from M-1=2.26 to M-6=2.02, d(Cohen)=-.18). It is considered that people with work-anxieties need training in work-coping. By focusing on recreation only, this may lead to deterioration of work-coping. Indeed, intervention designers should be aware of temporary deterioration (side effects) when confronting participants with work-coping.
KW  - Work-anxiety
KW  - work-coping
KW  - return to work
KW  - intervention
KW  - mental health
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2017.1384378
SN  - 1359-432X
SN  - 1464-0643
VL  - 26
IS  - 6
SP  - 858
EP  - 869
PB  - Taylor & Francis
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hilton, Matt
A1  - Westermann, Gert
T1  - word-object mappings
JF  - Journal of child language
N2  - This study set out to examine whether shyness, an aversion to novelty and unfamiliar social situations, can affect the processes that underlie early word learning. Twenty-four-month-old children (n =32) were presented with sets of one novel and two familiar objects, and it was found that shyer children were less likely to select a novel object as the referent of a novel label. Furthermore, not-shy children then showed evidence of retaining these novel mappings, but shy children did not. These findings suggest that shy children's aversion to novelty and to the unfamiliar context can impact on their word learning.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1017/S030500091600057X
SN  - 0305-0009
SN  - 1469-7602
VL  - 44
SP  - 1394
EP  - 1412
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fargier, Raphael
A1  - Bürki-Foschini, Audrey Damaris
A1  - Pinet, Svetlana
A1  - Alario, F. -Xavier
A1  - Laganaro, Marina
T1  - Word onset phonetic properties and motor artifacts in speech production EEG recordings
JF  - Psychophysiology : journal of the Society for Psychophysiological Research
N2  - Electrophysiological research using verbal response paradigms faces the problem of muscle artifacts that occur during speech production or in the period preceding articulation. In this context, this paper has two related aims. The first is to show how the nature of the first phoneme influences the alignment of the ERPs. The second is to further characterize the EEG signal around the onset of articulation, both in temporal and frequency domains. Participants were asked to name aloud pictures of common objects. We applied microstate analyses and time-frequency transformations of ERPs locked to vocal onset to compare the EEG signal between voiced and unvoiced labial plosive word onset consonants. We found a delay of about 40 ms in the set of stable topographic patterns for /b/ relative to /p/ onset words. A similar shift was observed in the power increase of gamma oscillations (30-50 Hz), which had an earlier onset for /p/ trials (similar to 150 ms before vocal onset). This 40-ms shift is consistent with the length of the voiced proportion of the acoustic signal prior to the release of the closure in the vocal responses. These results demonstrate that phonetic features are an important parameter affecting response-locked ERPs, and hence that the onset of the acoustic energy may not be an optimal trigger for synchronizing the EEG activity to the response in vocal paradigms. The indexes explored in this study provide a step forward in the characterization of muscle-related artifacts in electrophysiological studies of speech and language production.
KW  - EEG
KW  - motor artifact
KW  - phonetics
KW  - picture naming
KW  - speech production
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12982
SN  - 0048-5772
SN  - 1469-8986
VL  - 55
IS  - 2
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Chaouachi, Mehdi
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Makhlouf, Issam
A1  - Hammami, Raouf
A1  - Behm, David G.
A1  - Chaouachi, Anis
T1  - Within Session Sequence of Balance and Plyometric Exercises Does Not Affect Training Adaptations with Youth Soccer Athletes
JF  - Journal of sports science & medicine
N2  - The integration of balance and plyometric training has been shown to provide significant improvements in sprint, jump, agility, and other performance measures in young athletes. It is not known if a specific within session balance and plyometric exercise sequence provides more effective training adaptations. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of using a sequence of alternating pairs of exercises versus a block (series) of all balance exercises followed by a block of plyometric exercises on components of physical fitness such as muscle strength, power, speed, agility, and balance. Twenty-six male adolescent soccer players ( 13.9 +/- 0.3 years) participated in an 8-week training program that either alternated individual balance (e. g., exercises on unstable surfaces) and plyometric (e. g., jumps, hops, rebounds) exercises or performed a block of balance exercises prior to a block of plyometric exercises within each training session. Pre- and post-training measures included proxies of strength, power, agility, sprint, and balance such as countermovement jumps, isometric back and knee extension strength, standing long jump, 10 and 30-m sprints, agility, standing stork, and Y-balance tests. Both groups exhibited significant, generally large magnitude (effect sizes) training improvements for all measures with mean performance increases of approximately > 30%. There were no significant differences between the training groups over time. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of combining balance and plyometric exercises within a training session on components of physical fitness with young adolescents. The improved performance outcomes were not significantly influenced by the within session exercise sequence.
KW  - Power
KW  - strength
KW  - jumps
KW  - sprints
KW  - balance
KW  - children
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 1303-2968
VL  - 16
SP  - 125
EP  - 136
PB  - Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Faculty of Uludag University
CY  - Bursa
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Totz, Sonja Juliana
A1  - Tziperman, Eli
A1  - Coumou, Dim
A1  - Pfeiffer, Karl
A1  - Cohen, Judah
T1  - Winter precipitation forecast in the European and mediterranean regions using cluster analysis
JF  - Geophysical research letters
N2  - The European climate is changing under global warming, and especially the Mediterranean region has been identified as a hot spot for climate change with climate models projecting a reduction in winter rainfall and a very pronounced increase in summertime heat waves. These trends are already detectable over the historic period. Hence, it is beneficial to forecast seasonal droughts well in advance so that water managers and stakeholders can prepare to mitigate deleterious impacts. We developed a new cluster-based empirical forecast method to predict precipitation anomalies in winter. This algorithm considers not only the strength but also the pattern of the precursors. We compare our algorithm with dynamic forecast models and a canonical correlation analysis-based prediction method demonstrating that our prediction method performs better in terms of time and pattern correlation in the Mediterranean and European regions.
KW  - precipitation anomaly
KW  - seasonal forecast
KW  - cluster analysis
Y1  - 2018
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075674
SN  - 0094-8276
SN  - 1944-8007
VL  - 44
SP  - 12418
EP  - 12426
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fohlmeister, Jens Bernd
A1  - Plessen, Birgit
A1  - Dudashvili, Alexey Sergeevich
A1  - Tjallingii, Rik
A1  - Wolff, Christian Michael
A1  - Gafurov, Abror
A1  - Cheng, Hai
T1  - Winter precipitation changes during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age in arid Central Asia
JF  - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal
N2  - The strength of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is considered to be the main driver of climate changes over the European and western Asian continents throughout the last millennium. For example, the predominantly warm Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the following cold period of the Little Ice Age (LIA) over Europe have been associated with long-lasting phases with a positive and negative NAO index. Its climatic imprint is especially pronounced in European winter seasons. However, little is known about the influence of NAO with respect to its eastern extent over the Eurasian continent. Here we present speleothem records (PC, 8180 and Sr/Ca) from the southern rim of Fergana Basin (Central Asia) revealing annually resolved past climate variations during the last millennium. The age control of the stalagmite relies on radiocarbon dating as large amounts of detrital material inhibit accurate 230Th dating. Present-day calcification of the stalagmite is most effective during spring when the cave atmosphere and elevated water supply by snow melting and high amount of spring precipitation provide optimal conditions. Seasonal precipitation variations cause changes of the stable isotope and Sr/ Ca compositions. The simultaneous changes in these geochemical proxies, however, give also evidence for fractionation processes in the cave. By disentangling both processes, we demonstrate that the amount of winter precipitation during the MCA was generally higher than during the LIA, which is in line with climatic changes linked to the NAO index but opposite to the higher mountain records of Central Asia. Several events of strongly reduced winter precipitation are observed during the LIA in Central Asia. These dry winter events can be related to phases of a strong negative NAO index and all results reveal that winter precipitation over the central Eurasian continent is tightly linked to atmospheric NAO modes by the westerly wind systems. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.10.026
SN  - 0277-3791
VL  - 178
SP  - 24
EP  - 36
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Leussu, R.
A1  - Usoskin, IIlya G.
A1  - Valliappan, Senthamizh Pavai
A1  - Diercke, Andrea
A1  - Arlt, Rainer
A1  - Denker, Carsten
A1  - Mursula, K.
T1  - Wings of the butterfly
BT  - sunspot groups for 1826-2015
JF  - Astronomy and astrophysics : an international weekly journal
N2  - The spatio-temporal evolution of sunspot activity, the so-called Maunder butterfly diagram, has been continously available since 1874 using data from the Royal Greenwich Observatory, extended by SOON network data after 1976. Here we present a new extended butterfly diagram of sunspot group occurrence since 1826, using the recently digitized data from Schwabe (1826-1867) and Sporer (1866-1880). The wings of the diagram are separated using a recently developed method based on an analysis of long gaps in sunspot group occurrence in different latitude bands. We define characteristic latitudes, corresponding to the start, end, and the largest extent of the wings (the F, L, and H latitudes). The H latitudes (30 degrees-45 degrees) are highly significantly correlated with the strength of the wings (quantified by the total sum of the monthly numbers of sunspot groups). The F latitudes (20 degrees-30 degrees) depict a weak tendency, especially in the southern hemisphere, to follow the wing strength. The L latitudes (2 degrees-10 degrees) show no clear relation to the wing strength. Overall, stronger cycle wings tend to start at higher latitudes and have a greater wing extent. A strong (5-6)-cycle periodic oscillation is found in the start and end times of the wings and in the overlap and gaps between successive wings of one hemisphere. While the average wing overlap is zero in the southern hemisphere, it is two to three months in the north. A marginally significant oscillation of about ten solar cycles is found in the asymmetry of the L latitudes. The new long database of butterfly wings provides new observational constraints to solar dynamo models that discuss the spatio-temporal distribution of sunspot occurrence over the solar cycle and longer.
KW  - Sun: activity
KW  - sunspots
KW  - history and philosophy of astronomy
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201629533
SN  - 1432-0746
VL  - 599
PB  - EDP Sciences
CY  - Les Ulis
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Henke, Thorsten
A1  - Bogda, Katja
A1  - Lambrecht, Jennifer
A1  - Bosse, Stefanie
A1  - Koch, Helvi
A1  - Maaz, Kai
A1  - Spörer, Nadine
T1  - Will you be my friend? A multilevel network analysis of friendships of students with and without special educational needs backgrounds in inclusive classrooms
JF  - Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft
N2  - The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between having a special educational needs background (SEN) and the likelihood of having friends in inclusive classes. We assumed that a combination of individual, dyadic and contextual variables can sufficiently explain the relation between a SEN diagnosis and the likelihood of friendship. Data analysis was based on a cross-sectional sample of students (N = 1241) in second and third grade primary-school classes. To address the different levels adequately, the present study improves upon previous research in two ways: First, the sociometric data were analyzed with the p2 model, a specialized multilevel network model. Second, the study focused solely on friendships and emphasized the concept’s unique features with respect to inclusive education. Data analysis indicated that students with SEN had a decreased probability of becoming friends with their classmates compared to students without SEN. Even when individual, dyadic, and contextual variables were included into the model, the association between a SEN diagnosis and the likelihood of friendship persisted. The implications of the results are discussed with respect to their implications for inclusive teaching practice.
KW  - Friendship
KW  - Inclusion
KW  - Network Analysis
KW  - Social Participation
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-017-0767-x
SN  - 1434-663X
SN  - 1862-5215
VL  - 20
SP  - 449
EP  - 474
PB  - Springer
CY  - Wiesbaden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bjorneras, C.
A1  - Weyhenmeyer, G. A.
A1  - Evans, C. D.
A1  - Gessner, M. O.
A1  - Großart, Hans-Peter
A1  - Kangur, K.
A1  - Kokorite, I.
A1  - Kortelainen, P.
A1  - Laudon, H.
A1  - Lehtoranta, J.
A1  - Lottig, N.
A1  - Monteith, D. T.
A1  - Noges, P.
A1  - Noges, T.
A1  - Oulehle, F.
A1  - Riise, G.
A1  - Rusak, J. A.
A1  - Raike, A.
A1  - Sire, J.
A1  - Sterling, S.
A1  - Kritzberg, E. S.
T1  - Widespread Increases in Iron Concentration in European and North American Freshwaters
JF  - Global biogeochemical cycles
N2  - Recent reports of increasing iron (Fe) concentrations in freshwaters are of concern, given the fundamental role of Fe in biogeochemical processes. Still, little is known about the frequency and geographical distribution of Fe trends or about the underlying drivers. We analyzed temporal trends of Fe concentrations across 340 water bodies distributed over 10 countries in northern Europe and North America in order to gain a clearer understanding of where, to what extent, and why Fe concentrations are on the rise. We found that Fe concentrations have significantly increased in 28% of sites, and decreased in 4%, with most positive trends located in northern Europe. Regions with rising Fe concentrations tend to coincide with those with organic carbon (OC) increases. Fe and OC increases may not be directly mechanistically linked, but may nevertheless be responding to common regional-scale drivers such as declining sulfur deposition or hydrological changes. A role of hydrological factors was supported by covarying trends in Fe and dissolved silica, as these elements tend to stem from similar soil depths. A positive relationship between Fe increases and conifer cover suggests that changing land use and expanded forestry could have contributed to enhanced Fe export, although increases were also observed in nonforested areas. We conclude that the phenomenon of increasing Fe concentrations is widespread, especially in northern Europe, with potentially significant implications for wider ecosystem biogeochemistry, and for the current browning of freshwaters.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005749
SN  - 0886-6236
SN  - 1944-9224
VL  - 31
SP  - 1488
EP  - 1500
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Mackert, Jürgen
T1  - Why we need a new political economy of citizenship: neo-liberalism, the bank crisis and the 'Panama Papers'
T2  - The Transformation of Citizenship : Political Economy
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 978-1-138-67290-1 (print)
SN  - 978-1-315-56228-5 (online)
IS  - 1
SP  - 99
EP  - 117
PB  - Routledge Taylor
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Krasnova, Hanna
A1  - Veltri, Natasha F.
A1  - Eling, Nicole
A1  - Buxmann, Peter
T1  - Why men and women continue to use social networking sites
BT  - the role of gender differences
JF  - The journal of strategic information systems : incorporating International Information Systems
N2  - Organizations increasingly use social media and especially social networking sites (SNS) to support their marketing agenda, enhance collaboration, and develop new capabilities. However, the success of SNS initiatives is largely dependent on sustainable user participation. In this study, we argue that the continuance intentions of users may be gender sensitive. To theorize and investigate gender differences in the determinants of continuance intentions, this study draws on the expectation-confirmation model, the uses and gratification theory, as well as the self-construal theory and its extensions. Our survey of 488 users shows that while both men and women are motivated by the ability to self enhance, there are some gender differences. Specifically, while women are mainly driven by relational uses, such as maintaining close ties and getting access to social information on close and distant networks, men base their continuance intentions on their ability to gain information of a general nature. Our research makes several contributions to the discourse in strategic information systems literature concerning the use of social media by individuals and organizations. Theoretically, it expands the understanding of the phenomenon of continuance intentions and specifically the role of the gender differences in its determinants. On a practical level, it delivers insights for SNS providers and marketers into how satisfaction and continuance intentions of male and female SNS users can be differentially promoted. Furthermore, as organizations increasingly rely on corporate social networks to foster collaboration and innovation, our insights deliver initial recommendations on how organizational social media initiatives can be supported with regard to gender-based differences.
KW  - Gender
KW  - Social networking sites
KW  - Facebook
KW  - Continuance intention
KW  - Satisfaction
KW  - Uses and gratifications
KW  - Gendered self-construal
KW  - Relational interdependence
KW  - Collective interdependence
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2017.01.004
SN  - 0963-8687
SN  - 1873-1198
VL  - 26
SP  - 261
EP  - 284
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Hocher, Berthold
A1  - Yin, Lianghong
T1  - Why Current PTH Assays Mislead Clinical Decision Making in Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
T2  - Nephron
N2  - Preclinical studies in cell culture systems as well as in whole animal chronic kidney disease (CKD) models showed that parathyroid hormone (PTH), oxidized at the 2 methionine residues (positions 8 and 18), caused a loss of function. This was so far not considered in the development of PTH assays used in current clinical practice. Patients with advanced CKD are subject to oxidative stress, and plasma proteins (including PTH) are targets for oxidants. In patients with CKD, a considerable but variable fraction (about 70 to 90%) of measured PTH appears to be oxidized. Oxidized PTH (oxPTH) does not interact with the PTH receptor resulting in loss of biological activity. Currently used intact PTH (iPTH) assays detect both oxidized and non-oxPTH (n-oxPTH). Clinical studies demonstrated that bioactive, n-oxPTH, but not iPTH nor oxPTH, is associated with mortality in CKD patients.
KW  - Serum intact-parathyroid hormone level
KW  - Dialysis patients
KW  - Mortality
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1159/000455289
SN  - 1660-8151
SN  - 2235-3186
SN  - 0028-2766
VL  - 136
IS  - 2
SP  - 137
EP  - 142
PB  - Karger
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Carus, Jana
A1  - Heuner, Maike
A1  - Paul, Maike
A1  - Schröder, Boris
T1  - Which factors and processes drive the spatio-temporal dynamics of brackish marshes?-Insights from development and parameterisation of a mechanistic vegetation model
JF  - Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and engineering and systems ecolog
N2  - Tidal marsh vegetation offers important ecosystem services. However, in many estuaries, extensive embankments, artificial bank protection, river dredging and agriculture threaten tidal marshes. In this study we analysed the processes underlying the spatio-temporal patterns of tidal marsh vegetation in the Elbe estuary and quantified the influence of specific habitat factors by developing and applying the process-based dynamic habitat-macrophyte model HaMac in a pattern-oriented way. In order to develop and parameterise the model, we measured a wide range of biotic and abiotic parameters in two study sites in the Elbe estuary and compared observed and simulated patterns. The final model is able to reproduce the general patterns of vegetation zonation, development and growth and thus helps to understand the underlying processes. By considering the vegetative reproduction of marsh plants as well as abiotic influence factors and intraspecific competition, HaMac allowed to systematically analyse the significance of factors and processes for the dynamic of tidal marsh vegetation. Our results show that rhizome growth is the most important process and that flow velocity, inundation height and duration as well as intraspecific competition are the most important habitat factors for explaining spatio-temporal dynamics of brackish marshes. Future applications of HaMac could support the sustainable development and stabilisation of shore zones and thus contribute to the promotion and planning of ecosystem -based shoreline protection measures. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KW  - Bolboschoenus maritimus
KW  - Emergent macrophytes
KW  - Pattern-oriented modelling
KW  - Phragmites australis
KW  - Tidal marsh vegetation
KW  - Vegetative reproduction
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.08.023
SN  - 0304-3800
SN  - 1872-7026
VL  - 363
SP  - 122
EP  - 136
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Plue, Jan
A1  - De Frenne, Pieter
A1  - Acharya, Kamal
A1  - Brunet, Jörg
A1  - Chabrerie, Olivier
A1  - Decocq, Guillaume
A1  - Diekmann, Martin
A1  - Graae, Bente J.
A1  - Heinken, Thilo
A1  - Hermy, Martin
A1  - Kolb, Annette
A1  - Lemke, Isgard
A1  - Liira, Jaan
A1  - Naaf, Tobias
A1  - Verheyen, Kris
A1  - Wulf, Monika
A1  - Cousins, Sara A. O.
T1  - Where does the community start, and where does it end?
BT  - including the seed bank to reassess forest herb layer responses to the environment
JF  - Journal of vegetation science
N2  - QuestionBelow-ground processes are key determinants of above-ground plant population and community dynamics. Still, our understanding of how environmental drivers shape plant communities is mostly based on above-ground diversity patterns, bypassing below-ground plant diversity stored in seed banks. As seed banks may shape above-ground plant communities, we question whether concurrently analysing the above- and below-ground species assemblages may potentially enhance our understanding of community responses to environmental variation. LocationTemperate deciduous forests along a 2000km latitudinal gradient in NW Europe. MethodsHerb layer, seed bank and local environmental data including soil pH, canopy cover, forest cover continuity and time since last canopy disturbance were collected in 129 temperate deciduous forest plots. We quantified herb layer and seed bank diversity per plot and evaluated how environmental variation structured community diversity in the herb layer, seed bank and the combined herb layer-seed bank community. ResultsSeed banks consistently held more plant species than the herb layer. How local plot diversity was partitioned across the herb layer and seed bank was mediated by environmental variation in drivers serving as proxies of light availability. The herb layer and seed bank contained an ever smaller and ever larger share of local diversity, respectively, as both canopy cover and time since last canopy disturbance decreased. Species richness and -diversity of the combined herb layer-seed bank community responded distinctly differently compared to the separate assemblages in response to environmental variation in, e.g. forest cover continuity and canopy cover. ConclusionsThe seed bank is a below-ground diversity reservoir of the herbaceous forest community, which interacts with the herb layer, although constrained by environmental variation in e.g. light availability. The herb layer and seed bank co-exist as a single community by means of the so-called storage effect, resulting in distinct responses to environmental variation not necessarily recorded in the individual herb layer or seed bank assemblages. Thus, concurrently analysing above- and below-ground diversity will improve our ecological understanding of how understorey plant communities respond to environmental variation.
KW  - Above-ground
KW  - Below-ground
KW  - Canopy
KW  - Disturbance
KW  - Diversity
KW  - Light availability
KW  - NWEurope
KW  - Plant community
KW  - Species co-existence
KW  - Storage effect
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12493
SN  - 1100-9233
SN  - 1654-1103
VL  - 28
IS  - 2
SP  - 424
EP  - 435
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Schotter, Elizabeth Roye
A1  - Leinenger, Mallorie
A1  - von der Malsburg, Titus Raban
T1  - When your mind skips what your eyes fixate
BT  - how forced fixations lead to comprehension illusions in reading
JF  - Psychonomic bulletin & review : a journal of the Psychonomic Society
N2  - The phenomenon of forced fixations suggests that readers sometimes fixate a word (due to oculomotor constraints) even though they intended to skip it (due to parafoveal cognitive-linguistic processing). We investigate whether this leads readers to look directly at a word but not pay attention to it. We used a gaze-contingent boundary paradigm to dissociate parafoveal and foveal information (e.g., the word phone changed to scarf once the reader's eyes moved to it) and asked questions about the sentence to determine which one the reader encoded. When the word was skipped or fixated only briefly (i.e., up to 100 ms) readers were more likely to report reading the parafoveal than the fixated word, suggesting that there are cases in which readers look directly at a word but their minds ignore it, leading to the illusion of reading something they did not fixate.
KW  - Word recognition
KW  - Text comprehension
KW  - Eye movements and reading
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-017-1356-y
SN  - 1069-9384
SN  - 1531-5320
VL  - 25
IS  - 5
SP  - 1884
EP  - 1890
PB  - Springer
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vormoor, Klaus Josef
A1  - Rossler, Ole
A1  - Bürger, Gerd
A1  - Bronstert, Axel
A1  - Weingartner, Rolf
T1  - When timing matters-considering changing temporal structures in runoff response surfaces
JF  - Climatic change : an interdisciplinary, intern. journal devoted to the description, causes and implications of climatic change
N2  - Scenario-neutral response surfaces illustrate the sensitivity of a simulated natural system, represented by a specific impact variable, to systematic perturbations of climatic parameters. This type of approach has recently been developed as an alternative to top-down approaches for the assessment of climate change impacts. A major limitation of this approach is the underrepresentation of changes in the temporal structure of the climate input data (i.e., the seasonal and day-to-day variability) since this is not altered by the perturbation. This paper presents a framework that aims to examine this limitation by perturbing both observed and projected climate data time series for a future period, which both serve as input into a hydrological model (the HBV model). The resulting multiple response surfaces are compared at a common domain, the standardized runoff response surface (SRRS). We apply this approach in a case study catchment in Norway to (i) analyze possible changes in mean and extreme runoff and (ii) quantify the influence of changes in the temporal structure represented by 17 different climate input sets using linear mixed-effect models. Results suggest that climate change induced increases in mean and peak flow runoff and only small changes in low flow. They further suggest that the effect of the different temporal structures of the climate input data considerably affects low flows and floods (at least 21% influence), while it is negligible for mean runoff.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-1940-1
SN  - 0165-0009
SN  - 1573-1480
VL  - 142
SP  - 213
EP  - 226
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Endrejat, Paul C.
A1  - Baumgarten, Franz
A1  - Kauffeld, Simone
T1  - When theory meets practice
BT  - Combining Lewin’s Ideas about Change with Motivational Interviewing to Increase Energy-Saving Behaviours Within Organizations
JF  - Journal of Change Management
N2  - Although more than seven decades have passed since Lewin laid the foundation for how employees’ behaviour could be changed within organizations, his ideas are far from being obsolescent. Accordingly, this article demonstrates how Lewin’s concepts can still be of use in tackling current issues (i.e. the need to raise energy-saving behaviours within organizations). In order to revive Lewin’s concepts, we combine his approaches on organization change with Motivational Interviewing (MI), a facilitation approach that fits well with his democratic and participatory mind-set. After a theoretical consideration of how Lewin’s ideas could be accompanied by MI principles, we outline a practical concept for raising the level of employees’ energy-saving behaviours to a higher standard. The usefulness of our concept is highlighted on the basis of qualitative (a force field analysis) and quantitative (an increase of energy-saving norms and – behaviours) data. Lewin’s legacy for current organization development, and the theoretical as well as practical implications for how his ideas could be applied through a combination with MI practices, are discussed.
KW  - Kurt Lewin
KW  - field theory
KW  - group dynamics
KW  - motivational interviewing
KW  - energy-saving
KW  - organization development
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2017.1299372
SN  - 1469-7017
SN  - 1479-1811
VL  - 17
IS  - 2
SP  - 101
EP  - 120
PB  - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
CY  - Abingdon
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sebold, Miriam
A1  - Nebe, Stephan
A1  - Garbusow, Maria
A1  - Guggenmos, Matthias
A1  - Schad, Daniel
A1  - Beck, Anne
A1  - Kuitunen-Paul, Sören
A1  - Sommer, Christian
A1  - Frank, Robin
A1  - Neu, Peter
A1  - Zimmermann, Ulrich S.
A1  - Rapp, Michael A.
A1  - Smolka, Michael N.
A1  - Huys, Quentin J. M.
A1  - Schlagenhauf, Florian
A1  - Heinz, Andreas
T1  - When Habits Are Dangerous: Alcohol Expectancies and Habitual Decision Making Predict Relapse in Alcohol Dependence
JF  - Biological psychiatry : a journal of psychiatric neuroscience and therapeutics ; a publication of the Society of Biological Psychiatry
N2  - BACKGROUND: Addiction is supposedly characterized by a shift from goal-directed to habitual decision making, thus facilitating automatic drug intake. The two-step task allows distinguishing between these mechanisms by computationally modeling goal-directed and habitual behavior as model-based and model-free control. In addicted patients, decision making may also strongly depend upon drug-associated expectations. Therefore, we investigated model-based versus model-free decision making and its neural correlates as well as alcohol expectancies in alcohol-dependent patients and healthy controls and assessed treatment outcome in patients. METHODS: Ninety detoxified, medication-free, alcohol-dependent patients and 96 age-and gender-matched control subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during the two-step task. Alcohol expectancies were measured with the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire. Over a follow-up period of 48 weeks, 37 patients remained abstinent and 53 patients relapsed as indicated by the Alcohol Timeline Followback method. RESULTS: Patients who relapsed displayed reduced medial prefrontal cortex activation during model-based decision making. Furthermore, high alcohol expectancies were associated with low model-based control in relapsers, while the opposite was observed in abstainers and healthy control subjects. However, reduced model-based control per se was not associated with subsequent relapse. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that poor treatment outcome in alcohol dependence does not simply result from a shift from model-based to model-free control but is instead dependent on the interaction between high drug expectancies and low model-based decision making. Reduced model-based medial prefrontal cortex signatures in those who relapse point to a neural correlate of relapse risk. These observations suggest that therapeutic interventions should target subjective alcohol expectancies.
KW  - Alcohol dependence
KW  - Alcohol expectancy
KW  - Goal-directed control
KW  - Medial prefrontal cortex
KW  - Reinforcement learning
KW  - Treatment outcome
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.04.019
SN  - 0006-3223
SN  - 1873-2402
VL  - 82
SP  - 847
EP  - 856
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bubeck, Philip
A1  - Thieken, Annegret
T1  - What helps people recover from floods?
BT  - insights from a survey among flood-affected residents in German
JF  - Regional environmental change
N2  - The number of people exposed to natural hazards has grown steadily over recent decades, mainly due to increasing exposure in hazard-prone areas. In the future, climate change could further enhance this trend. Still, empirical and comprehensive insights into individual recovery from natural hazards are largely lacking, hampering efforts to increase societal resilience. Drawing from a sample of 710 residents affected by flooding across Germany in June 2013, we empirically explore a wide range of variables possibly influencing self-reported recovery, including flood-event characteristics, the circumstances of the recovery process, socio-economic characteristics, and psychological factors, using multivariate statistics. We found that the amount of damage and other flood-event characteristics such as inundation depth are less important than socio-economic characteristics (e.g., sex or health status) and psychological factors (e.g., risk aversion and emotions). Our results indicate that uniform recovery efforts focusing on areas that were the most affected in terms of physical damage are insufficient to account for the heterogeneity in individual recovery results. To increase societal resilience, aid and recovery efforts should better address the long-term psychological effects of floods.
KW  - Floods
KW  - Resilience
KW  - Recovery
KW  - Natural hazards
KW  - Climate change
KW  - Adaptation
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-017-1200-y
SN  - 1436-3798
SN  - 1436-378X
VL  - 18
IS  - 1
SP  - 287
EP  - 296
PB  - Springer
CY  - Heidelberg
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Nied, Manuela
A1  - Schröter, Kai
A1  - Lüdtke, Stefan
A1  - Nguyen, Viet Dung
A1  - Merz, Bruno
T1  - What are the hydro-meteorological controls on flood characteristics?
JF  - Journal of hydrology
N2  - Flood events can be expressed by a variety of characteristics such as flood magnitude and extent, event duration or incurred loss. Flood estimation and management may benefit from understanding how the different flood characteristics relate to the hydrological catchment conditions preceding the event and to the meteorological conditions throughout the event. In this study, we therefore propose a methodology to investigate the hydro-meteorological controls on different flood characteristics, based on the simulation of the complete flood risk chain from the flood triggering precipitation event, through runoff generation in the catchment, flood routing and possible inundation in the river system and floodplains to flood loss. Conditional cumulative distribution functions and regression tree analysis delineate the seasonal varying flood processes and indicate that the effect of the hydrological pre-conditions, i.e. soil moisture patterns, and of the meteorological conditions, i.e. weather patterns, depends on the considered flood characteristic. The methodology is exemplified for the Elbe catchment. In this catchment, the length of the build-up period, the event duration and the number of gauges undergoing at least a 10-year flood are governed by weather patterns. The affected length and the number of gauges undergoing at least a 2-year flood are however governed by soil moisture patterns. In case of flood severity and loss, the controlling factor is less pronounced. Severity is slightly governed by soil moisture patterns whereas loss is slightly governed by weather patterns. The study highlights that flood magnitude and extent arise from different flood generation processes and concludes that soil moisture patterns as well as weather patterns are not only beneficial to inform on possible flood occurrence but also on the involved flood processes and resulting flood characteristics.
KW  - Flood
KW  - Flood duration
KW  - Flood magnitude
KW  - Flood loss
KW  - Soil moisture patterns
KW  - Antecedent conditions
KW  - Weather patterns
KW  - Large basins
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.12.003
SN  - 0022-1694
SN  - 1879-2707
VL  - 545
SP  - 310
EP  - 326
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ette, Ottmar
T1  - Welterleben/Weiterleben
BT  - On Vectopia in Georg Forster, Alexander von Humboldt, and Adelbert von Chamisso
JF  - Daphnis : Zeitschrift für mittlere deutsche Literatur
N2  - Welterleben and Weiterleben are what determine the second globalization (of four previously explored) whose constantly accelerating dynamic, vectorization, this essay explores. On the basis of selected writings of Georg Forster, Alexander von Humboldt, and Adelbert von Chamisso, the author highlights the increasing speed with which knowledge, especially in the experiential sciences, is produced and disseminated following the routes of ever-widening trade speeded along by globalization. The notion of ‘vectopia’ stands for the connection of utopia and uchronia in space and time in such a way that the experience of the world, expanded worldwide, contains within it a Weiter-Leben, a ‘living-further’ that is to be understood first in a spatial, and not yet temporal, sense, of what Forster called Erfahrungswissen, or ‘experiential knowledge.’ Vectopia, as elaborated here, has a material dimension that relates to the physical person, the body, the experience of the world that cannot occur without the constant changing of place, without a journeying that is again and again recommenced. Vectopia develops the projection of a life not from space or from time alone, but by their combination. Vectopia is more than a concept, it is a thought-figure: it is vitally connected to life, and thus a life-figure. It opens itself to a type of knowledge that stands almost at the threshold of a further life, indeed, of a Weiterleben that, opening itself to a ‘living-onward,’ resides beyond space, time, and movement.
KW  - travel literature
KW  - transdisciplinary
KW  - accelerated globalization
KW  - experiential knowledge
KW  - Weiter-Leben
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1163/18796583-04503002
SN  - 0300-693X
SN  - 1879-6583
VL  - 45
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 343
EP  - 388
PB  - Editions Rodopi BV
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hoffmann, Svenja
A1  - Warschburger, Petra
T1  - Weight, shape, and muscularity concerns in male and female adolescents
BT  - predictors of change and influences on eating concern
JF  - The international journal of eating disorders
N2  - Objective:
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of age and weight status on adolescents' body dissatisfaction and its change over 20 months in a gender-comparing design. The influence of body image concern on eating concern was also investigated.
Method:
In a prospective study, 675 male and female adolescents aged 12–16 were assessed using self-report questionnaires on weight, shape, muscularity, and eating concerns. Height and weight measurements were taken by trained personnel. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.
Results:
Analyses of latent means revealed more pronounced weight/shape concern in females than males and more pronounced muscularity concern in males than females. Weight/shape concern increased in females over time, whereas muscularity concern remained stable in both genders. Baseline levels of weight/shape concern could be predicted by age and weight status in females and by weight status in males. The only predictor of change in weight/shape concern was weight status in males. Baseline levels of muscularity concern could be predicted by age in females and by weight status in males. Similar effects were found for changes in muscularity concern in both genders. Increases in weight/shape and muscularity concern were associated with more pronounced eating concern.
Discussion:
The results confirm gender differences in distinctive facets of body image concern and its prediction. The relevance of increase in body image concern in adolescents is underlined by its association with eating concern in both genders. Further explanatory variables for change in body dissatisfaction should be examined in future studies.
KW  - weight and shape concern
KW  - muscularity concern
KW  - eating concern
KW  - gender
KW  - adolescence
KW  - prospective
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22635
SN  - 0276-3478
SN  - 1098-108X
VL  - 50
IS  - 2
SP  - 139
EP  - 147
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Markovic, Danijela
A1  - Carrizo, Savrina F.
A1  - Kaercher, Oskar
A1  - Walz, Ariane
A1  - David, Jonathan N. W.
T1  - Vulnerability of European freshwater catchments to climate change
JF  - Global change biology
N2  - Climate change is expected to exacerbate the current threats to freshwater ecosystems, yet multifaceted studies on the potential impacts of climate change on freshwater biodiversity at scales that inform management planning are lacking. The aim of this study was to fill this void through the development of a novel framework for assessing climate change vulnerability tailored to freshwater ecosystems. The three dimensions of climate change vulnerability are as follows: (i) exposure to climate change, (ii) sensitivity to altered environmental conditions and (iii) resilience potential. Our vulnerability framework includes 1685 freshwater species of plants, fishes, molluscs, odonates, amphibians, crayfish and turtles alongside key features within and between catchments, such as topography and connectivity. Several methodologies were used to combine these dimensions across a variety of future climate change models and scenarios. The resulting indices were overlaid to assess the vulnerability of European freshwater ecosystems at the catchment scale (18 783 catchments). The Balkan Lakes Ohrid and Prespa and Mediterranean islands emerge as most vulnerable to climate change. For the 2030s, we showed a consensus among the applied methods whereby up to 573 lake and river catchments are highly vulnerable to climate change. The anthropogenic disruption of hydrological habitat connectivity by dams is the major factor reducing climate change resilience. A gap analysis demonstrated that the current European protected area network covers <25% of the most vulnerable catchments. Practical steps need to be taken to ensure the persistence of freshwater biodiversity under climate change. Priority should be placed on enhancing stakeholder cooperation at the major basin scale towards preventing further degradation of freshwater ecosystems and maintaining connectivity among catchments. The catchments identified as most vulnerable to climate change provide preliminary targets for development of climate change conservation management and mitigation strategies.
KW  - catchment connectivity
KW  - climate change
KW  - exposure
KW  - freshwater biodiversity
KW  - gap analysis
KW  - resilience
KW  - sensitivity
KW  - vulnerability
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13657
SN  - 1354-1013
SN  - 1365-2486
VL  - 23
SP  - 3567
EP  - 3580
PB  - Wiley
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hickmann, Thomas
T1  - Voluntary global business initiatives and the international climate negotiations
BT  - a case study of the Greenhouse Gas Protocol
JF  - Journal of Cleaner Production
N2  - The past few years have witnessed the emergence of a plethora of transnational climate governance experiments. They have been developed by a broad range of actors, such as cities, non-profit organizations, and private corporations. Several scholars have lately devoted particular attention to voluntary global business initiatives in the policy domain of climate change. Their studies have provided considerable insights into the role and function of such new modes of climate governance. However, the precise nature of the relationship between the various climate governance experiments and the international climate negotiations has not been analyzed in enough detail. Against this backdrop, the present article explores the interplay of a business sector climate governance experiment, i.e. the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG Protocol) with the international climate regime. On the one hand, the article underscores that the GHG Protocol has filled a regulatory gap in global climate policy-making by providing the means for the corporate sector to comprehensively account and report their GHGs. On the other hand, it reveals that the application of the GHG Protocol guidelines depends to a large extent on the existence of an overarching policy framework set up by nation-states at the intergovernmental level. Only if private companies receive a clear political signal that stringent mandatory GHG emission controls and a global market-based instrument are at least likely to be adopted will they put substantial efforts into the accurate measurement and management of their GHGs. Thus, this article points to the limits of climate governance experimentation and suggests that business sector climate governance experiments need to be embedded in a coherent international regulatory setting which generates a clear stimulus for corporate action.
KW  - Climate governance experiments
KW  - GHG Protocol
KW  - International climate negotiations
KW  - UNFCCC
KW  - Voluntary global business initiatives
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.183
SN  - 0959-6526
SN  - 1879-1786
VL  - 169
SP  - 94
EP  - 104
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Martínez-Garzón, Patricia
A1  - Kwiatek, Grzegorz
A1  - Bohnhoff, Marco
A1  - Dresen, Georg
T1  - Volumetric components in the earthquake source related to fluid injection and stress state
JF  - Geophysical research letters
N2  - We investigate source processes of fluid-induced seismicity from The Geysers geothermal reservoir in California to determine their relation with hydraulic operations and improve the corresponding seismic hazard estimates. Analysis of 869 well-constrained full moment tensors (M-w 0.8-3.5) reveals significant non-double-couple components (>25%) for about 65% of the events. Volumetric deformation is governed by cumulative injection rates with larger non-double-couple components observed near the wells and during high injection periods. Source mechanisms are magnitude dependent and vary significantly between faulting regimes. Normal faulting events (M-w<2) reveal substantial volumetric components indicating dilatancy in contrast to strike-slip events that have a dominant double-couple source. Volumetric components indicating closure of cracks in the source region are mostly found for reverse faulting events with M-w>2.5. Our results imply that source processes and magnitudes of fluid-induced seismic events are strongly affected by the hydraulic operations, the reservoir stress state, and the faulting regime.
KW  - non-double-couple components
KW  - induced seismicity
KW  - geothermal
KW  - stress state
KW  - tensile opening
KW  - pore pressure
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071963
SN  - 0094-8276
SN  - 1944-8007
VL  - 44
IS  - 2
SP  - 800
EP  - 809
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Salzer, Jacqueline T.
T1  - Volcano dome deformation processes analysed with high resolution InSAR and camera-based techniques
Y1  - 2017
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Koc-Januchta, Marta
A1  - Höffler, Tim
A1  - Thoma, Gun-Brit
A1  - Prechtl, Helmut
A1  - Leutner, Detlev
T1  - Visualizers versus verbalizers
BT  - Effects of cognitive style on learning with texts and pictures - An eye-tracking study
JF  - Computers in human behavior
N2  - This study was conducted in order to examine the differences between visualizers and verbalizers in the way they gaze at pictures and texts while learning. Using a collection of questionnaires, college students were classified according to their visual or verbal cognitive style and were asked to learn about two different, in terms of subject and type of knowledge, topics by means of text-picture combinations. Eye-tracking was used to investigate their gaze behavior. The results show that visualizers spent significantly more time inspecting pictures than verbalizers, while verbalizers spent more time inspecting texts. Results also suggest that both visualizers' and verbalizers' way of learning is active but mostly within areas providing the source of information in line with their cognitive style (pictures or text). Verbalizers tended to enter non-informative, irrelevant areas of pictures sooner than visualizers. The comparison of learning outcomes showed that the group of visualizers achieved better results than the group of verbalizers on a comprehension test.
KW  - Cognitive style
KW  - Verbalizer
KW  - Visualizer
KW  - Eye-tracking
KW  - Multimedia learning
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.028
SN  - 0747-5632
SN  - 1873-7692
VL  - 68
SP  - 170
EP  - 179
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Baedke, Jan
A1  - Schöttler, Tobias
T1  - Visual Metaphors in the Sciences
BT  - the Case of Epigenetic Landscape Images
JF  - Journal for General Philosophy of Science
N2  - Recent philosophical analyses of the epistemic dimension of images in the sciences show a certain trend in acknowledging potential roles of these images beyond their merely decorative or pedagogical functions. We argue, however, that this new debate has yet paid little attention to a special type of pictures, we call ‘visual metaphor’, and its versatile heuristic potential in organizing data, supporting communication, and guiding research, modeling, and theory formation. Based on a case study of Conrad Hal Waddington’s epigenetic landscape images in biology, we develop a descriptive framework applicable to heuristic roles of various visual metaphors in the sciences.
KW  - Conrad Hal Waddington
KW  - Epigenetic landscape
KW  - Modelling
KW  - Scientific images
KW  - Theory formation
KW  - Visual metaphor
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10838-016-9353-9
SN  - 0925-4560
SN  - 1572-8587
VL  - 48
SP  - 173
EP  - 194
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Krahé, Barbara
T1  - Violence against women
JF  - Current opinion in psychology
N2  - Violence against women causes suffering and misery to victims and their families and places a heavy burden on societies worldwide. It mostly happens within intimate relationships or between people known to each other. Violence against women is a social construction based on a societal consensus about the roles and rights of men and women. Two prevalent forms of violence against women are physical and sexual victimization by an intimate partner, and sexual victimization outside intimate relationships. Explanations of why men engage in aggressive behavior toward women address different levels, including the macro level of society, the micro level of dyadic interactions, and the individual level of perpetrator characteristics. Prevention efforts are needed that address each of these levels.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.017
SN  - 2352-250X
SN  - 2352-2518
VL  - 19
SP  - 6
EP  - 10
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Hartmann, Eddie
T1  - Violence
BT  - constructing an emerging field of sociology
JF  - International Journal of Conflict and Violence
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.4119/UNIBI/ijcv.623
SN  - 1864-1385
VL  - 11
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
PB  - Institute for Interdisciplinary Conflict and Violence Research
CY  - Bielefeld
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dong, Chao
A1  - Yang, Jing
A1  - Reschke, Stefan
A1  - Leimkühler, Silke
A1  - Kirk, Martin L.
T1  - Vibrational Probes of Molybdenum Cofactor-Protein Interactions in Xanthine Dehydrogenase
JF  - Inorganic chemistry
N2  - The pyranopterin dithiolene (PDT) ligand is an integral component of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) found in all molybdoenzymes with the sole exception of nitrogenase. However, the roles of the PDT in catalysis are still unknown. The PDT is believed to be bound to the proteins by an extensive hydrogen bonding network, and it has been suggested that these interactions may function to fine-tune Moco for electron- and atom-transfer reactivity in catalysis. Here, we use resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopy to probe Moco-protein interactions using heavy-atom congeners of lumazine, molecules that bind tightly to both wild-type xanthine dehydrogenase (wt-XDH) and its Q102G and Q197A variants following enzymatic hydroxylation to the corresponding violapterin product molecules. The resulting enzyme-product complexes possess intense near-IR absorption, allowing high-quality rR spectra to be collected on wt-XDH and the Q102G and Q197A variants. Small negative frequency shifts relative to wt-XDH are observed for the low-frequency Moco vibrations. These results are interpreted in the context of weak hydrogen-bonding and/or electrostatic interactions between Q102 and the -NH2 terminus of the PDT, and between Q197 and the terminal oxo of the Mo equivalent to O group. The Q102A, Q102G, Q197A, and Q197E variants do not appreciably affect the kinetic parameters k(red) and k(red)/K-D, indicating that a primary role for these glutamine residues is to stabilize and coordinate Moco in the active site of XO family enzymes but to not directly affect the catalytic throughput. Raman frequency shifts between wt-XDH and its Q102G variant suggest that the changes in the electron density at the Mo ion that accompany Mo oxidation during electron-transfer regeneration of the catalytically competent active site are manifest in distortions at the distant PDT amino terminus. This implies a primary role for the PDT as a conduit for facilitating enzymatic electron-transfer reactivity in xanthine oxidase family enzymes.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00028
SN  - 0020-1669
SN  - 1520-510X
VL  - 56
SP  - 6830
EP  - 6837
PB  - American Chemical Society
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Allen, C.
A1  - Archambault, S.
A1  - Archer, A.
A1  - Benbow, W.
A1  - Bird, R.
A1  - Bourbeau, E.
A1  - Brose, Robert
A1  - Buchovecky, M.
A1  - Buckley, J. H.
A1  - Bugaev, V.
A1  - Cardenzana, J. V.
A1  - Cerruti, M.
A1  - Chen, Xuhui
A1  - Christiansen, J. L.
A1  - Connolly, M. P.
A1  - Cui, W.
A1  - Daniel, M. K.
A1  - Eisch, J. D.
A1  - Falcone, Abe
A1  - Feng, Q.
A1  - Fernandez-Alonso, M.
A1  - Finley, J. P.
A1  - Fleischhack, H.
A1  - Flinders, A.
A1  - Fortson, L.
A1  - Furniss, A.
A1  - Gillanders, G. H.
A1  - Griffin, S.
A1  - Grube, J.
A1  - Huetten, M.
A1  - Hakansson, N.
A1  - Hanna, D.
A1  - Hervet, O.
A1  - Holder, J.
A1  - Hughes, G.
A1  - Humensky, T. B.
A1  - Johnson, C. A.
A1  - Kaaret, P.
A1  - Kar, P.
A1  - Kelley-Hoskins, N.
A1  - Kertzman, M.
A1  - Kieda, D.
A1  - Krause, M.
A1  - Krennrich, F.
A1  - Kumar, S.
A1  - Lang, M. J.
A1  - Maier, G.
A1  - McArthur, S.
A1  - McCann, A.
A1  - Meagher, K.
A1  - Moriarty, P.
A1  - Mukherjee, R.
A1  - Nguyen, T.
A1  - Nieto, D.
A1  - Ong, R. A.
A1  - Otte, A. N.
A1  - Park, N.
A1  - Petrashyk, A.
A1  - Pichel, A.
A1  - Pohl, Martin
A1  - Popkow, A.
A1  - Pueschel, Elisa
A1  - Quinn, J.
A1  - Ragan, K.
A1  - Reynolds, P. T.
A1  - Richards, G. T.
A1  - Roache, E.
A1  - Rovero, A. C.
A1  - Rulten, C.
A1  - Sadeh, I.
A1  - Santander, Marcos
A1  - Sembroski, G. H.
A1  - Shahinyan, K.
A1  - Telezhinsky, Igor O.
A1  - Tucci, J. V.
A1  - Tyler, J.
A1  - Wakely, S. P.
A1  - Weinstein, A.
A1  - Wilhelm, Alina
A1  - Williams, D. A.
T1  - Very-High-Energy gamma-Ray Observations of the Blazar 1ES 2344+514 with VERITAS
JF  - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
N2  - We present very-high-energy gamma-ray observations of the BL Lac object 1ES 2344+514 taken by the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System between 2007 and 2015. 1ES 2344+514 is detected with a statistical significance above the background of 20.8 sigma in 47.2 h (livetime) of observations, making this the most comprehensive very-high-energy study of 1ES 2344+514 to date. Using these observations, the temporal properties of 1ES 2344+514 are studied on short and long times-scales. We fit a constant-flux model to nightly and seasonally binned light curves and apply a fractional variability test to determine the stability of the source on different time-scales. We reject the constant-flux model for the 2007-2008 and 2014-2015 nightly binned light curves and for the long-term seasonally binned light curve at the > 3 sigma level. The spectra of the time-averaged emission before and after correction for attenuation by the extragalactic background light are obtained. The observed time-averaged spectrum above 200 GeV is satisfactorily fitted (x(2)/NDF = 7.89/6) by a power-law function with an index Gamma = 2.46 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) and extends to at least 8 TeV. The extragalactic-backgroundlight-deabsorbed spectrum is adequately fit (x(2)/NDF = 6.73/6) by a power-law function with an index Gamma = 2.15 +/- 0.06(stat) +/- 0.20(sys) while an F-test indicates that the power law with an exponential cut-off function provides a marginally better fit (x(2)/NDF = 2.56/5) at the 2.1 sigma level. The source location is found to be consistent with the published radio location and its spatial extent is consistent with a point source.
KW  - astroparticle physics
KW  - BL Lacertae objects: individual: 1ES 2344+514=VERJ2347+517
KW  - gamma-rays: galaxies
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1756
SN  - 0035-8711
SN  - 1365-2966
VL  - 471
SP  - 2117
EP  - 2123
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kayser, Markus
A1  - Maturilli, Marion
A1  - Graham, Robert M.
A1  - Hudson, Stephen R.
A1  - Rinke, Annette
A1  - Cohen, Lana
A1  - Kim, Joo-Hong
A1  - Park, Sang-Jong
A1  - Moon, Woosok
A1  - Granskog, Mats A.
T1  - Vertical thermodynamic structure of the troposphere during the Norwegian young sea ICE expedition (N-ICE2015)
JF  - Journal of geophysical research-atmosheres
N2  - The Norwegian young sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition was designed to investigate the atmosphere-snow-ice-ocean interactions in the young and thin sea ice regime north of Svalbard. Radiosondes were launched twice daily during the expedition from January to June 2015. Here we use these upper air measurements to study the multiple cyclonic events observed during N-ICE2015 with respect to changes in the vertical thermodynamic structure, moisture content, and boundary layer characteristics. We provide statistics of temperature inversion characteristics, static stability, and boundary layer extent. During winter, when radiative cooling is most effective, we find the strongest impact of synoptic cyclones. Changes to thermodynamic characteristics of the boundary layer are associated with transitions between the radiatively "clear" and "opaque" atmospheric states. In spring, radiative fluxes warm the surface leading to lifted temperature inversions and a statically unstable boundary layer. Further, we compare the N-ICE2015 static stability distributions to corresponding profiles from ERA-Interim reanalysis, from the closest land station in the Arctic North Atlantic sector, Ny-Alesund, and to soundings from the SHEBA expedition (1997/1998). We find similar stability characteristics for N-ICE2015 and SHEBA throughout the troposphere, despite differences in location, sea ice thickness, and snow cover. For Ny-Alesund, we observe similar characteristics above 1000 m, while the topography and ice-free fjord surrounding Ny-Alesund generate great differences below. The long-term radiosonde record (1993-2014) from Ny-Alesund indicates that during the N-ICE2015 spring period, temperatures were close to the climatological mean, while the lowest 3000 m were 1-3 degrees C warmer than the climatology during winter. Plain Language Summary The Norwegian young sea ICE (N-ICE2015) expedition was designed to investigate the atmosphere-snow-ice-ocean interactions in the young and thin sea ice regime north of Svalbard. Radiosondes were launched twice daily during the expedition from January to June 2015. Here we use these upper air measurements to study the multiple cyclonic events observed during N-ICE2015 with respect to changes in the vertical thermodynamic structure, moisture content, and the atmospheric boundary layer characteristics. During winter, we find the strongest impact of synoptic cyclones, which transport warm and moist air into the cold and dry Arctic atmosphere. In spring, incoming solar radiation warms the surface. This leads to very different thermodynamic conditions and higher moisture content, which reduces the contrast between stormy and calm periods. Further, we compare the N-ICE2015 measurements to corresponding profiles from ERA-Interim reanalysis, from the closest land station in the Arctic North Atlantic sector, Ny-Alesund, and to soundings from the SHEBA expedition (1997/1998). We find similar stability characteristics for N-ICE2015 and SHEBA throughout the troposphere, despite differences in location, sea ice thickness, and snow cover. The comparisons highlight the value of the N-ICE2015 observation and show the importance of winter time observations in the Arctic North Atlantic sector.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026089
SN  - 2169-897X
SN  - 2169-8996
VL  - 122
IS  - 20
SP  - 10855
EP  - 10872
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Yang, Lei
T1  - Verification of systemic mRNAs mobility and mobile functions
Y1  - 2017
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wiese, Heike
A1  - Oncu, Mehmet Tahir
A1  - Bracker, Philip
T1  - Verb-third-position in Turkish-German Language Contact
BT  - Information-structured Linearization of singular and multilingual Speakers
JF  - Deutsche Sprache : ds ; Zeitschrift für Theorie, Praxis, Dokumentation
N2  - In present-day German we find new word order options, particularly well-known from Turkish-German bilingual speakers in the contexts of new urban dialects, which allow violations of the canonical verb-second position in independent declarative clauses. In these cases, two positions are occupied in the forefield in front of the finite verb, usually by an adverbial and a subject, which identify, at the level of information structure, frame-setter and topic, respectively. Our study investigates the influence of verbal versus language -independent information-structural preferences for this linearisation, comparing Turkish-German multilingual speakers who have grown up in Germany with monolingual German and Turkish speakers. For tasks, in which grammatical restrictions were largely minimised, the results indicate a general tendency to place verbs in a position after the frame-setter and the topic; in addition, we found language-specific influences that distinguish Turkish-German and monolingual German speakers from monolingual Turkish ones. We interpret this as evidence for an information-structural motivation for verb-third, and for a clear dominance of German for Turkish-German speakers in Germany.
Y1  - 2017
SN  - 0340-9341
SN  - 1866-5233
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
SP  - 31
EP  - 52
PB  - Erich Schmidt
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Holz, Nathalie E.
A1  - Boecker-Schlier, Regina
A1  - Buchmann, Arlette F.
A1  - Blomeyer, Dorothea
A1  - Jennen-Steinmetz, Christine
A1  - Baumeister, Sarah
A1  - Plichta, Michael M.
A1  - Cattrell, Anna
A1  - Schumann, Gunter
A1  - Esser, Günter
A1  - Schmidt, Martin
A1  - Buitelaar, Jan
A1  - Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas
A1  - Banaschewski, Tobias
A1  - Brandeis, Daniel
A1  - Laucht, Manfred
T1  - Ventral striatum and amygdala activity as convergence sites for early adversity and conduct disorder
JF  - Frontiers in human neuroscience
N2  - Childhood family adversity (CFA) increases the risk for conduct disorder (CD) and has been associated with alterations in regions of affective processing like ventral striatum (VS) and amygdala. However, no study so far has demonstrated neural converging effects of CFA and CD in the same sample. At age 25 years, functional MRI data during two affective tasks, i.e. a reward (N = 171) and a face-matching paradigm (N = 181) and anatomical scans (N = 181) were acquired in right-handed currently healthy participants of an epidemiological study followed since birth. CFA during childhood was determined using a standardized parent interview. Disruptive behaviors and CD diagnoses during childhood and adolescence were obtained by diagnostic interview (2–19 years), temperamental reward dependence was assessed by questionnaire (15 and 19 years).

CFA predicted increased CD and amygdala volume. Both exposure to CFA and CD were associated with a decreased VS response during reward anticipation and blunted amygdala activity during face-matching. CD mediated the effect of CFA on brain activity. Temperamental reward dependence was negatively correlated with CFA and CD and positively with VS activity. These findings underline the detrimental effects of CFA on the offspring's affective processing and support the importance of early postnatal intervention programs aiming to reduce childhood adversity factors.
KW  - childhood adversity
KW  - conduct disorder
KW  - amygdala
KW  - ventral striatum
KW  - fMRI
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsw120
SN  - 1749-5016
SN  - 1749-5024
VL  - 12
IS  - 2
SP  - 261
EP  - 272
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Zimmermann, Heike Hildegard
T1  - Vegetation changes and treeline dynamics in northern Siberia since the last interglacial revealed by sedimentary ancient DNA metabarcoding and organelle genome assembly of modern larches
Y1  - 2017
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bussas, Matthias
A1  - Sawade, Christoph
A1  - Kuhn, Nicolas
A1  - Scheffer, Tobias
A1  - Landwehr, Niels
T1  - Varying-coefficient models for geospatial transfer learning
JF  - Machine learning
N2  - We study prediction problems in which the conditional distribution of the output given the input varies as a function of task variables which, in our applications, represent space and time. In varying-coefficient models, the coefficients of this conditional are allowed to change smoothly in space and time; the strength of the correlations between neighboring points is determined by the data. This is achieved by placing a Gaussian process (GP) prior on the coefficients. Bayesian inference in varying-coefficient models is generally intractable. We show that with an isotropic GP prior, inference in varying-coefficient models resolves to standard inference for a GP that can be solved efficiently. MAP inference in this model resolves to multitask learning using task and instance kernels. We clarify the relationship between varying-coefficient models and the hierarchical Bayesian multitask model and show that inference for hierarchical Bayesian multitask models can be carried out efficiently using graph-Laplacian kernels. We explore the model empirically for the problems of predicting rent and real-estate prices, and predicting the ground motion during seismic events. We find that varying-coefficient models with GP priors excel at predicting rents and real-estate prices. The ground-motion model predicts seismic hazards in the State of California more accurately than the previous state of the art.
KW  - Transfer learning
KW  - Varying-coefficient models
KW  - Housing-price prediction
KW  - Seismic-hazard models
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10994-017-5639-3
SN  - 0885-6125
SN  - 1573-0565
VL  - 106
SP  - 1419
EP  - 1440
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bufe, Aaron
A1  - Burbank, Douglas W.
A1  - Liu, Langtao
A1  - Bookhagen, Bodo
A1  - Qin, Jintang
A1  - Chen, Jie
A1  - Li, Tao
A1  - Jobe, Jessica Ann Thompson
A1  - Yang, Huili
T1  - Variations of Lateral Bedrock Erosion Rates Control Planation of Uplifting Folds in the Foreland of the Tian Shan, NW China
JF  - Journal of geophysical research : Earth surface
N2  - Fluvial planation surfaces, such as straths, commonly serve as recorders of climatic and tectonic changes and are formed by the lateral erosion of rivers, a process that remains poorly understood. Here we present a study of kilometer-wide, fluvially eroded, low-relief surfaces on rapidly uplifting folds in the foreland of the southwestern Tian Shan. A combination of field work, digital elevation model analysis, and dating of fluvial deposits reveals that despite an arid climate and rapid average rock-uplift rates of 1-3mm/yr, rivers cut extensive (>1-2km wide) surfaces with typical height variations of <6m over periods of >2-6kyr. The extent of this beveling varies in space and time, such that different beveling episodes affect individual structures. Between times of planation, beveled surfaces are abandoned, incised, and deformed across the folds. In a challenge to models that link strath cutting and abandonment primarily to changes in river incision rates, we demonstrate that lateral erosion rates of antecedent streams crossing the folds have to vary by more than 1 order of magnitude to explain the creation of beveled platforms in the past and their incision at the present day. These variations do not appear to covary with climate variability and might be caused by relatively small (much less than an order of magnitude) changes in sediment or water fluxes. It remains uncertain in which settings variations in lateral bedrock erosion rates predominate over changes in vertical erosion rates. Therefore, when studying fluvial planation and strath terraces, variability of both lateral and vertical erosion rates should be considered.
KW  - strath terraces
KW  - lateral erosion
KW  - detachment folds
KW  - Quaternary geochronology
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JF004099
SN  - 2169-9003
SN  - 2169-9011
VL  - 122
SP  - 2431
EP  - 2467
PB  - American Geophysical Union
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Mühlbauer, Thomas
A1  - Pabst, Jan
A1  - Granacher, Urs
A1  - Buesch, Dirk
T1  - Validity of the jump-and-reach test in subelite adolescent handball players
JF  - Journal of strength and conditioning research : the research journal of the NSCA
KW  - Vertec device
KW  - Optojump system
KW  - vertical jump height
KW  - field test
KW  - athlete testing
KW  - region/point elastic gym floor
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001607
SN  - 1064-8011
SN  - 1533-4287
VL  - 31
SP  - 1282
EP  - 1289
PB  - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
CY  - Philadelphia
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reil, Daniela
A1  - Imholt, Christian
A1  - Rosenfeld, Ulrike
A1  - Drewes, Stephan
A1  - Fischer, S.
A1  - Heuser, Emil
A1  - Petraityte-Burneikiene, Rasa
A1  - Ulrich, R. G.
A1  - Jacob, J.
T1  - Validation of the Puumala virus rapid field test for bank voles in Germany
JF  - Epidemiology and infection
N2  - Puumala virus (PUUV) causes many human infections in large parts of Europe and can lead to mild to moderate disease. The bank vole (Myodes glareolus) is the only reservoir of PUUV in Central Europe. A commercial PUUV rapid field test for rodents was validated for bank-vole blood samples collected in two PUUV-endemic regions in Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia and Baden-Wurttemberg). A comparison of the results of the rapid field test and standard ELISAs indicated a test efficacy of 93-95%, largely independent of the origin of the antigens used in the ELISA. In ELISAs, reactivity for the German PUUV strain was higher compared to the Swedish strain but not compared to the Finnish strain, which was used for the rapid field test. In conclusion, the use of the rapid field test can facilitate short-term estimation of PUUV seroprevalence in bank-vole populations in Germany and can aid in assessing human PUUV infection risk.
KW  - Antibody detection
KW  - early warning
KW  - Europe
KW  - hantavirus
KW  - Myodes glareolus
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268816002557
SN  - 0950-2688
SN  - 1469-4409
VL  - 145
IS  - 3
SP  - 434
EP  - 439
PB  - Cambridge Univ. Press
CY  - New York
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Purinton, Benjamin
A1  - Bookhagen, Bodo
T1  - Validation of digital elevation models (DEMs) and comparison of geomorphic metrics on the southern Central Andean Plateau
JF  - Earth surface dynamics
N2  - In this study, we validate and compare elevation accuracy and geomorphic metrics of satellite-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) on the southern Central Andean Plateau. The plateau has an average elevation of 3.7 km and is characterized by diverse topography and relief, lack of vegetation, and clear skies that create ideal conditions for remote sensing. At 30m resolution, SRTM-C, ASTER GDEM2, stacked ASTER L1A stereopair DEM, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X have been analyzed. The higher-resolution datasets include 12m TanDEM-X, 10m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X DEMs, and 5m ALOS World 3D. These DEMs are state of the art for optical (ASTER and ALOS) and radar (SRTM-C and TanDEM-X) spaceborne sensors. We assessed vertical accuracy by comparing standard deviations of the DEM elevation versus 307 509 differential GPS measurements across 4000m of elevation. For the 30m DEMs, the ASTER datasets had the highest vertical standard deviation at > 6.5 m, whereas the SRTM-C, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X were all < 3.5 m. Higher-resolution DEMs generally had lower uncertainty, with both the 12m TanDEM-X and 5m ALOSWorld 3D having < 2m vertical standard deviation. Analysis of vertical uncertainty with respect to terrain elevation, slope, and aspect revealed the low uncertainty across these attributes for SRTM-C (30 m), TanDEM-X (12–30 m), and ALOS World 3D (5–30 m). Single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X 10m DEMs and the 30m ASTER GDEM2 displayed slight aspect biases, which were removed in their stacked counterparts (TanDEM-X and ASTER Stack). Based on low vertical standard deviations and visual inspection alongside optical satellite data, we selected the 30m SRTM-C, 12–30m TanDEM-X, 10m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X, and 5m ALOS World 3D for geomorphic metric comparison in a 66 km2 catchment with a distinct river knickpoint. Consistent m=n values were found using chi plot channel profile analysis, regardless of DEM type and spatial resolution. Slope, curvature, and drainage area were calculated and plotting schemes were used to assess basin-wide differences in the hillslope-to-valley transition related to the knickpoint. While slope and hillslope length measurements vary little between datasets, curvature displays higher magnitude measurements with fining resolution. This is especially true for the optical 5m ALOS World 3D DEM, which demonstrated high-frequency noise in 2–8 pixel steps through a Fourier frequency analysis. The improvements in accurate space-radar DEMs (e.g., TanDEM-X) for geomorphometry are promising, but airborne or terrestrial data are still necessary for meter-scale analysis.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-211-2017
SN  - 2196-632X
SN  - 2196-6311
VL  - 5
IS  - 2
SP  - 211
EP  - 237
PB  - Copernicus Publ.
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Purinton, Benjamin
A1  - Bookhagen, Bodo
T1  - Validation of digital elevation models (DEMs) and comparison of geomorphic metrics on the southern Central Andean Plateau
JF  - Earth surface dynamics
N2  - In this study, we validate and compare elevation accuracy and geomorphic metrics of satellite-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) on the southern Central Andean Plateau. The plateau has an average elevation of 3.7 km and is characterized by diverse topography and relief, lack of vegetation, and clear skies that create ideal conditions for remote sensing. At 30m resolution, SRTM-C, ASTER GDEM2, stacked ASTER L1A stereopair DEM, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X have been analyzed. The higher-resolution datasets include 12m TanDEM-X, 10m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X DEMs, and 5m ALOS World 3D. These DEMs are state of the art for optical (ASTER and ALOS) and radar (SRTM-C and TanDEM-X) spaceborne sensors. We assessed vertical accuracy by comparing standard deviations of the DEM elevation versus 307 509 differential GPS measurements across 4000m of elevation. For the 30m DEMs, the ASTER datasets had the highest vertical standard deviation at > 6.5 m, whereas the SRTM-C, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X were all < 3.5 m. Higher-resolution DEMs generally had lower uncertainty, with both the 12m TanDEM-X and 5m ALOSWorld 3D having < 2m vertical standard deviation. Analysis of vertical uncertainty with respect to terrain elevation, slope, and aspect revealed the low uncertainty across these attributes for SRTM-C (30 m), TanDEM-X (12-30 m), and ALOS World 3D (5-30 m). Single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X 10m DEMs and the 30m ASTER GDEM2 displayed slight aspect biases, which were removed in their stacked counterparts (TanDEM-X and ASTER Stack). Based on low vertical standard deviations and visual inspection alongside optical satellite data, we selected the 30m SRTM-C, 12-30m TanDEM-X, 10m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X, and 5m ALOS World 3D for geomorphic metric comparison in a 66 km2 catchment with a distinct river knickpoint. Consistent m = n values were found using chi plot channel profile analysis, regardless of DEM type and spatial resolution. Slope, curvature, and drainage area were calculated and plotting schemes were used to assess basin-wide differences in the hillslope-to-valley transition related to the knickpoint. While slope and hillslope length measurements vary little between datasets, curvature displays higher magnitude measurements with fining resolution. This is especially true for the optical 5m ALOS World 3D DEM, which demonstrated high-frequency noise in 2-8 pixel steps through a Fourier frequency analysis. The improvements in accurate space-radar DEMs (e. g., TanDEM-X) for geomorphometry are promising, but airborne or terrestrial data are still necessary for meter-scale analysis.
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-211-2017
SN  - 2196-6311
SN  - 2196-632X
VL  - 5
SP  - 211
EP  - 237
PB  - Copernicus
CY  - Göttingen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Raila, Jens
A1  - Kawashima, Chiho
A1  - Sauerwein, Helga
A1  - Hülsmann, Nadine
A1  - Knorr, Christoph
A1  - Myamoto, Akio
A1  - Schweigert, Florian J.
T1  - Validation of blood vitamin A concentrations in cattle: comparison of a new cow-side test (iCheck™ FLUORO) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
JF  - BMC veterinary research
N2  - Background: Plasma concentration of retinol is an accepted indicator to assess the vitamin A (retinol) status in cattle. However, the determination of vitamin A requires a time consuming multi-step procedure, which needs specific equipment to perform extraction, centrifugation or saponification prior to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Methods: The concentrations of retinol in whole blood (n = 10), plasma (n = 132) and serum (n = 61) were measured by a new rapid cow-side test (iCheck™ FLUORO) and compared with those by HPLC in two independent laboratories in Germany (DE) and Japan (JP).

Results: Retinol concentrations in plasma ranged from 0.033 to 0.532 mg/L, and in serum from 0.043 to 0.360 mg/L (HPLC method). No significant differences in retinol levels were observed between the new rapid cow-side test and HPLC performed in different laboratories (HPLC vs. iCheck™ FLUORO: 0.320 ± 0.047 mg/L vs. 0.333 ± 0.044 mg/L, and 0.240 ± 0.096 mg/L vs. 0.241 ± 0.069 mg/L, lab DE and lab JP, respectively). A similar comparability was observed when whole blood was used (HPLC vs. iCheck™ FLUORO: 0.353 ± 0.084 mg/L vs. 0.341 ± 0.064 mg/L). Results showed a good agreement between both methods based on correlation coefficients of r2 = 0.87 (P < 0.001) and Bland-Altman blots revealed no significant bias for all comparison. 

Conclusions: With the new rapid cow-side test (iCheck™ FLUORO) retinol concentrations in cattle can be reliably assessed within a few minutes and directly in the barn using even whole blood without the necessity of prior centrifugation. The ease of the application of the new rapid cow-side test and its portability can improve the diagnostic of vitamin A status and will help to control vitamin A supplementation in specific vitamin A feeding regimes such as used to optimize health status in calves or meat marbling in Japanese Black cattle.
KW  - Cattle
KW  - Vitamin A
KW  - Biomarker
KW  - Blood
KW  - Method comparison
KW  - Cow-side assay
Y1  - 2017
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-017-1042-3
VL  - 13
PB  - BioMed Central
CY  - London
ER  - 
TY  - THES
A1  - Stadion, Mandy
T1  - Validation and Characterization of lfi202b and Zfp69, two Novel Disease Genes in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance
Y1  - 2017
ER  -