TY  - JOUR
A1  - Groppe, Karoline
A1  - Elsner, Birgit
T1  - The influence of hot and cool executive function on the development of eating styles related to overweight in children
JF  - Appetite : multidisciplinary research on eating and drinking
N2  - Studies linking executive function (EF) and overweight suggest that a broad range of executive functions might influence weight via obesity-related behaviors, such as particular eating styles. Currently, however, longitudinal studies investigating this assumption in children are rare. We hypothesized that lower hot and cool EF predicts a stronger increase in eating styles related to greater weight gain (food approach) and a weaker increase in eating styles related to less weight gain (food avoidance) over a 1-year period. Hot (delay of gratification, affective decision-making) and cool (attention shifting, inhibition, working memory updating) EF was assessed experimentally in a sample of 1657 elementary-school children (German school classes 1-3) at two time points, approximately one year apart. The children's food-approach and food-avoidance behavior was rated mainly via parent questionnaires at both time points. As expected, lower levels of hot and cool EF predicted a stronger increase in several food-approach eating styles across a 1-year period, mainly in girls. Unexpectedly, poorer performance on the affective decision-making task also predicted an increase in certain food-avoidance styles, namely, slowness in eating and satiety responsiveness, in girls. Results implicate that lower EF is not only seen in eating-disordered or obese individuals but also acts as a risk factor for an increase in particular eating styles that play a role in the development of weight problems in children. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Hot/cool executive function
KW  - Development of eating behavior
KW  - Food approach
KW  - Food avoidance
KW  - Overweight
KW  - Middle childhood
Y1  - 2015
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.203
SN  - 0195-6663
SN  - 1095-8304
VL  - 87
SP  - 127
EP  - 136
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - London
ER  -