TY - GEN A1 - Schuster, Isabell A1 - Tomaszewska, Paulina T1 - Pathways from child sexual and physical abuse to sexual and physical intimate partner violence victimization through attitudes toward intimate partner violence T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Although many studies have shown that victims of child abuse have an increased vulnerability to revictimization in intimate relationships, the underlying mechanisms are not yet sufficiently well understood. Therefore, this study aimed at examining this relationship for both sexual and physical forms of violence as well as investigating the potential mediating role of attitudes toward sexual and physical intimate partner violence (IPV). Also, the potential moderating role of gender was explored. Sexual and physical child abuse and IPV victimization in adulthood as well as attitudes toward the respective form of IPV were assessed among 716 participants (448 female) in an online survey. The path analyses showed that child sexual abuse was positively linked to sexual IPV victimization among both women and men, whereas child physical abuse was positively associated with physical IPV victimization among women only. Furthermore, the relationship between both forms of child abuse and IPV victimization was mediated through more supportive attitudes toward the respective forms of IPV, but only among men. This study provides novel insights regarding the links between sexual and physical child abuse and revictimization in adulthood, suggesting that supporting attitudes toward IPV may be seen as vulnerability factor for revictimization. The moderating role of gender is especially discussed. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 843 KW - child abuse KW - intimate partner violence KW - attitudes toward intimate partner violence KW - gender Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-543396 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schuster, Isabell A1 - Tomaszewska, Paulina A1 - Marchewka, Juliette A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Does question format matter in assessing the prevalence of sexual aggression? BT - A methodological study T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - As research on sexual aggression has been growing, methodological issues in assessing prevalence rates have received increased attention. Building on work by Abbey and colleagues about effects of question format, participants in this study (1,253; 621 female; 632 male) were randomly assigned to one of two versions of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S). In Version 1, the coercive tactic (use/threat of physical force, exploitation of the inability to resist, verbal pressure) was presented first, and sexual acts (sexual touch, attempted and completed sexual intercourse, other sexual acts) were presented as subsequent questions. In Version 2, sexual acts were presented first, and coercive tactics as subsequent questions. No version effects emerged for overall perpetration rates reported by men and women. The overall victimization rate across all items was significantly higher in the tactic-first than in the sexual-act-first conditions for women, but not for men. Classifying participants by their most severe experience of sexual victimization showed that fewer women were in the nonvictim category and more men were in the nonconsensual sexual contact category when the coercive tactic was presented first. Sexual experience background did not moderate the findings. The implications for the measurement of self-reported sexual aggression victimization and perpetration are discussed. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 844 KW - self-report measures KW - experiences survey KW - risk-factors KW - victimization KW - rape KW - assault KW - women KW - perpetration KW - reliability KW - responses Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-546632 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skowronski, Marika A1 - Busching, Robert A1 - Krahé, Barbara T1 - Predicting adolescents’ self-objectification from sexualized video game and Instagram use BT - A longitudinal study T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - A growing body of research has demonstrated negative effects of sexualization in the media on adolescents' body image, but longitudinal studies and research including interactive and social media are scarce. The current study explored the longitudinal associations of adolescents' use of sexualized video games (SVG) and sexualized Instagram images (SII) with body image concerns. Specifically, our study examined relations between adolescents' SVG and SII use and appearance comparisons, thin- and muscular-ideal internalization, valuing appearance over competence, and body surveillance. A sample of 660 German adolescents (327 female, 333 male;M-age = 15.09 years) participated in two waves with an interval of 6 months. A structural equation model showed that SVG and SII use at Time 1 predicted body surveillance indirectly via valuing appearance over competence at Time 2. Furthermore, SVG and SII use indirectly predicted both thin- and muscular-ideal internalization through appearance comparisons at Time 1. In turn, thin-ideal internalization at Time 1 predicted body surveillance indirectly via valuing appearance over competence at Time 2. The results indicate that sexualization in video games and on Instagram can play an important role in increasing body image concerns among adolescents. We discuss the findings with respect to objectification theory and the predictive value of including appearance comparisons in models explaining the relation between sexualized media and self-objectification. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 845 KW - social media KW - computer games KW - Sexualization KW - body image KW - self-objectification Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-541992 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 9-10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shaki, Samuel A1 - Fischer, Martin H. T1 - Systematic spatial distortion of quantitative estimates T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Magnitude estimation has been studied since the beginnings of scientific psychology and constitutes a fundamental aspect of human behavior. Yet, it has apparently never been noticed that estimates depend on the spatial arrangement used. We tested 167 adults in three experiments to show that the spatial layout of stimuli and responses systematically distorts number estimation, length production, and weight reproduction performance. The direction of distortion depends on the observer's counting habits, but does not seem to reflect the use of spatially associated number concepts. Our results imply that all quantitative estimates are contaminated by a "spell of space" whenever stimuli or responses are spatially distributed. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 846 KW - associations KW - numbers KW - habits KW - spaces Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-545457 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gleich, Tobias A1 - Spitta, Gianna A1 - Butler, Oisin A1 - Zacharias, Kristin A1 - Aydin, Semiha A1 - Sebold, Miriam Hannah A1 - Garbusow, Maria A1 - Rapp, Michael Armin A1 - Schubert, Florian A1 - Buchert, Ralph A1 - Heinz, Andreas A1 - Gallinat, Jürgen T1 - Dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in alcohol use disorder and individuals at high risk BT - towards a dimensional approach JF - Addiction Biology N2 - Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most common substance use disorder worldwide. Although dopamine-related findings were often observed in AUD, associated neurobiological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study, we investigate D2/3 receptor availability in healthy participants, participants at high risk (HR) to develop addiction (not diagnosed with AUD), and AUD patients in a detoxified stage, applying F-18-fallypride positron emission tomography (F-18-PET). Specifically, D2/3 receptor availability was investigated in (1) 19 low-risk (LR) controls, (2) 19 HR participants, and (3) 20 AUD patients after alcohol detoxification. Quality and severity of addiction were assessed with clinical questionnaires and (neuro)psychological tests. PET data were corrected for age of participants and smoking status. In the dorsal striatum, we observed significant reductions of D2/3 receptor availability in AUD patients compared with LR participants. Further, receptor availability in HR participants was observed to be intermediate between LR and AUD groups (linearly decreasing). Still, in direct comparison, no group difference was observed between LR and HR groups or between HR and AUD groups. Further, the score of the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS) was inversely correlated with D2/3 receptor availability in the combined sample. Thus, in line with a dimensional approach, striatal D2/3 receptor availability showed a linear decrease from LR participants to HR participants to AUD patients, which was paralleled by clinical measures. Our study shows that a core neurobiological feature in AUD seems to be detectable in an early, subclinical state, allowing more individualized alcohol prevention programs in the future. KW - alcohol KW - D2/3 receptors KW - dependence KW - dopamine KW - high risk KW - PET Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12915 SN - 1369-1600 SN - 1355-6215 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Friedrich, Thomas A1 - Oberkofler, Vicky A1 - Trindade, Inês A1 - Altmann, Simone A1 - Brzezinka, Krzysztof A1 - Lämke, Jörn S. A1 - Gorka, Michal A1 - Kappel, Christian A1 - Sokolowska, Ewelina A1 - Skirycz, Aleksandra A1 - Graf, Alexander A1 - Bäurle, Isabel T1 - Heteromeric HSFA2/HSFA3 complexes drive transcriptional memory after heat stress in Arabidopsis JF - Nature Communications N2 - Adaptive plasticity in stress responses is a key element of plant survival strategies. For instance, moderate heat stress (HS) primes a plant to acquire thermotolerance, which allows subsequent survival of more severe HS conditions. Acquired thermotolerance is actively maintained over several days (HS memory) and involves the sustained induction of memory-related genes. Here we show that FORGETTER3/ HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR A3 (FGT3/HSFA3) is specifically required for physiological HS memory and maintaining high memory-gene expression during the days following a HS exposure. HSFA3 mediates HS memory by direct transcriptional activation of memory-related genes after return to normal growth temperatures. HSFA3 binds HSFA2, and in vivo both proteins form heteromeric complexes with additional HSFs. Our results indicate that only complexes containing both HSFA2 and HSFA3 efficiently promote transcriptional memory by positively influencing histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) hyper-methylation. In summary, our work defines the major HSF complex controlling transcriptional memory and elucidates the in vivo dynamics of HSF complexes during somatic stress memory. Moderate heat stress primes plants to acquire tolerance to subsequent, more severe heat stress. Here the authors show that the HSFA3 transcription factor forms a heteromeric complex with HSFA2 to sustain activated transcription of genes required for acquired thermotolerance by promoting H3K4 hyper-methylation. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23786-6 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 12 IS - 1 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - [London] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bläsius, Thomas A1 - Friedrich, Tobias A1 - Lischeid, Julius A1 - Meeks, Kitty A1 - Schirneck, Friedrich Martin T1 - Efficiently enumerating hitting sets of hypergraphs arising in data profiling JF - Journal of computer and system sciences : JCSS N2 - The transversal hypergraph problem asks to enumerate the minimal hitting sets of a hypergraph. If the solutions have bounded size, Eiter and Gottlob [SICOMP'95] gave an algorithm running in output-polynomial time, but whose space requirement also scales with the output. We improve this to polynomial delay and space. Central to our approach is the extension problem, deciding for a set X of vertices whether it is contained in any minimal hitting set. We show that this is one of the first natural problems to be W[3]-complete. We give an algorithm for the extension problem running in time O(m(vertical bar X vertical bar+1) n) and prove a SETH-lower bound showing that this is close to optimal. We apply our enumeration method to the discovery problem of minimal unique column combinations from data profiling. Our empirical evaluation suggests that the algorithm outperforms its worst-case guarantees on hypergraphs stemming from real-world databases. KW - Data profiling KW - Enumeration algorithm KW - Minimal hitting set KW - Transversal hypergraph KW - Unique column combination KW - W[3]-Completeness Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcss.2021.10.002 SN - 0022-0000 SN - 1090-2724 VL - 124 SP - 192 EP - 213 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ribacki, Enrico A1 - Trumbull, Robert B. A1 - Lopez De Luchi, Monica Graciela A1 - Altenberger, Uwe T1 - The chemical and B-Isotope composition of Tourmaline from intra-granitic Pegmatites in the Las Chacras-Potrerillos Batholith, Argentina JF - The Canadian mineralogist : journal of the Mineralogical Association of Canada N2 - The Devonian Las Chacras-Potrerillos batholith comprises six nested monzonitic to granitic intrusions with metaluminous to weakly peraluminous composition and a Sr-Nd isotopic signature indicating a dominantly juvenile mantle-derived source. The chemically most evolved units in the southern batholith contain a large number of intra-granitic, pod-shaped tourmaline-bearing pegmatites. This study uses in situ chemical and boron isotopic analyses of tourmaline from nine of these pegmatites to discuss their relationship to the respective host intrusions and the implications of their B-isotope composition for the source and evolution of the magmas. The tourmalines reveal a diversity in element composition (e.g., FeO, MgO, TiO2, CaO, MnO, F) which distinguishes individual pegmatites from one another. However, all have a narrow 5 11 B range of -13.7 to -10.5%0 (n = 100) which indicates a relatively uniform magmatic system and similar temperature conditions during tourmaline crystallization. The average delta(11) B value of -11.7%0 is typical for S-type granites and is within the range reported for peraluminous granites. pegmatites, and metamorphic units of the Ordovician basement into which the Las Chacras-Potrerillos batholith intruded. The B-isotope evidence argues for a crustal boron source like that of the Ordovician basement, in contrast to the metaluminous to weakly peraluminous composition and juvenile initial Sr and Nd isotope ratios of the Las Chacras-Potrerillos batholith magmas. We propose that the boron was not derived from the magma source region but was incorporated from dehydration melting of elastic metasedimentary rocks higher up in the crustal column. KW - pegmatite KW - tourmaline KW - SIMS KW - B-isotopes KW - Las Chacras-Potrerillos KW - Sierra de San Luis KW - Argentina Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2100036 SN - 0008-4476 SN - 1499-1276 VL - 60 IS - 1 SP - 49 EP - 66 PB - Association of Canada CY - Ottawa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Santamans, Carla Daniela A1 - Cordoba, Francisco E. A1 - Franco, María G. A1 - Vignoni, Paula A1 - Lupo, Liliana C. T1 - Hydro-climatological variability in Lagunas de Vilama System, Argentinean Altiplano-Puna Plateau, Southern Tropical Andes (22 degrees S) and its response to large-scale climate forcings JF - The science of the total environment : an international journal for scientific research into the environment and its relationship with man N2 - The Altiplano-Puna Plateau holds several shallow lakes, which are very sensitive to climate changes. This work is focused on a high-altitude lake system called Lagunas de Vilama (LVS), located in a complex climatic transition area with scarcity of continuous and homogeneous instrumental records. The objective of this study is to determine the regional spatial-temporal variability of precipitation and evaluate the seasonal and interannual lake responses. We use a lake-surfaces record derived from Landsat images to investigate links with regional precipitations and different climatic forcings. The results reveal that austral summer and autumn precipitations control the variability of the annual lake-surfaces. Also, we found intra-annual and interannual lags in the lake responses to precipitations, and identified several wet and dry stages. Our results show negative trends in precipitations and lake-surfaces, whose were strengthened by a shift to a warm phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation in the 1990s. The El Nino Southern Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and Southern Annular Mode also exert a strong influence in the region. This study demonstrates that the variability of LVS lakes is strongly related to the South American Monsoon System dynamics and large-scale climate fordngs from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. This work provides novel indices which demonstrated to be good indicators of regional hydroclimatological variability for this region of South America. KW - Lake-surfaces variability KW - Precipitation variability KW - Hydro-meteorological indices KW - Regional forcings KW - South American Monsoon KW - System KW - Andean plateau Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144926 SN - 0048-9697 SN - 1879-1026 VL - 767 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Eshghi, Nasim A1 - Mach, Thomas A1 - Reichel, Lothar T1 - New matrix function approximations and quadrature rules based on the Arnoldi process JF - Journal of computational and applied mathematics N2 - The Arnoldi process can be applied to inexpensively approximate matrix functions of the form f (A)v and matrix functionals of the form v*(f (A))*g(A)v, where A is a large square non-Hermitian matrix, v is a vector, and the superscript * denotes transposition and complex conjugation. Here f and g are analytic functions that are defined in suitable regions in the complex plane. This paper reviews available approximation methods and describes new ones that provide higher accuracy for essentially the same computational effort by exploiting available, but generally not used, moment information. Numerical experiments show that in some cases the modifications of the Arnoldi decompositions proposed can improve the accuracy of v*(f (A))*g(A)v about as much as performing an additional step of the Arnoldi process. KW - Arnoldi process KW - Matrix function approximation KW - Quadrature rule Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2021.113442 SN - 0377-0427 SN - 1879-1778 VL - 391 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Carpio Arias, Tannia Valeria A1 - Arias Mogrovejo, Diana Carolina A1 - Nicolalde Cifuentes, Tomás Marcelo A1 - Tapia Veloz, Estephany Carolina A1 - Zeeuw, Chris I. de A1 - Vinueza Veloz, Maria Fernanda T1 - Sleep quality does not mediate the negative effects of chronodisruption on body composition and metabolic syndrome in healthcare workers in Ecuador JF - Diabetes & metabolic syndrome : clinical research & reviews ; the official journal of DiabetesIndia N2 - Background and aims: The objective of the present work was to determine to what extent sleep quality may mediate the association between chronodisruption (CD) and metabolic syndrome (MS), and between CD and body composition (BC). Methodology: Cross-sectional study which included 300 adult health workers, 150 of whom were night shift workers and thereby exposed to CD. Diagnosis of MS was made based on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Body mass index (BMI), fat mass percentage, and visceral fat percentage were measured as indicators of body composition (BC). Data were analyzed using logistic, linear regression and structural equation models. Results: The odds of health workers exposed to CD to suffer MS was 22.13 (IC95 8.68-66.07) when the model was adjusted for age, gender, physical activity and energy consumption. CD was also significantly associated with an increase in fat mass and visceral fat percentages, but not to BMI. Surprisingly, there was not enough evidence supporting the hypothesis that sleep quality contributes to the association between CD and MS or between CD and BC. Conclusions: Sleep quality does not mediate the negative effects of CD on MS nor on BC. KW - Shift work KW - Metabolic syndrome KW - Sleep quality KW - Chronodisruption KW - Body composition Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2021.01.017 SN - 1871-4021 SN - 1878-0334 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 397 EP - 402 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klose, Ann Kristin A1 - Wunderling, Nico A1 - Winkelmann, Ricarda A1 - Donges, Jonathan T1 - What do we mean, 'tipping cascade'? JF - Environmental research letters : ERL N2 - Based on suggested interactions of potential tipping elements in the Earth's climate and in ecological systems, tipping cascades as possible dynamics are increasingly discussed and studied. The activation of such tipping cascades would impose a considerable risk for human societies and biosphere integrity. However, there are ambiguities in the description of tipping cascades within the literature so far. Here we illustrate how different patterns of multiple tipping dynamics emerge from a very simple coupling of two previously studied idealized tipping elements. In particular, we distinguish between a two phase cascade, a domino cascade and a joint cascade. A mitigation of an unfolding two phase cascade may be possible and common early warning indicators are sensitive to upcoming critical transitions to a certain degree. In contrast, a domino cascade may hardly be stopped once initiated and critical slowing down-based indicators fail to indicate tipping of the following element. These different potentials for intervention and anticipation across the distinct patterns of multiple tipping dynamics should be seen as a call to be more precise in future analyses of cascading dynamics arising from tipping element interactions in the Earth system. KW - tipping cascade KW - domino effect KW - tipping interactions KW - cascading regime KW - shifts KW - early warning indicators Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac3955 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 16 IS - 12 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sperlich, Eric A1 - Köckerling, Martin T1 - The double cluster compound [Nb6Cl14(MeCN)(4)] [Nb6Cl14(pyz)(4)].6MeCN (Me: methyl, pyz: pyrazine) with a layered structure resulting from weak intermolecular interactions JF - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung N2 - The synthesis and the crystal structure of the double cluster compound [Nb6Cl14(MeCN)(4)][Nb6Cl14(pyz)(4)]middot6CH(3)CN are described. The synthesis is based on a partial ligand exchange reaction, which proceeds upon dissolving [Nb6Cl14(pyz)(4)]middot2CH(2)Cl(2) in acetonitrile. The compound is built up of two discrete neutral cluster units, which consist of octahedra of Nb-6 atoms coordinated by 12 edge-bridging chlorido and two terminal chlorido ligands, and four acetonitrile ligands on one and four pyrazine ligands on the other cluster unit. Co-crystallized acetonitrile molecules are also present. The single-crystal structure determination has revealed a cluster arrangement in which the [Nb6Cl14(pyz)(4)] units are connected by (halogen) lone-pair-(pyrazine) pi interactions. These lead to chains of [Nb6Cl14(pyz)(4)] clusters. These chains are further connected to cluster layers by (nitrile-halogen) dipole-dipole interactions, in which the [Nb6Cl14(MeCN)(4)] and co-crystallized MeCN molecules are also involved. These cluster layers are arranged parallel to the crystallographic {011} plane. KW - cluster KW - crystal structure KW - dipole-dipole interaction KW - halide KW - lone-pair-pi interactions KW - niobium Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/znb-2023-0001 SN - 0932-0776 SN - 1865-7117 VL - 78 IS - 5 SP - 279 EP - 283 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sellem, Laury A1 - Antoni, Rona A1 - Koutsos, Athanasios A1 - Ozen, Ezgi A1 - Wong, Gloria A1 - Ayyad, Hasnaa A1 - Weech, Michelle A1 - Schulze, Matthias Bernd A1 - Wernitz, Andreas A1 - Fielding, Barbara A. A1 - Robertson, M. Denise A1 - Jackson, Kim G. A1 - Griffin, Bruce A. A1 - Lovegrove, Julie A. T1 - Impact of a food-based dietary fat exchange model for replacing dietary saturated with unsaturated fatty acids in healthy men on plasma phospholipids fatty acid profiles and dietary patterns JF - European journal of nutrition N2 - Purpose UK guidelines recommend dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) should not exceed 10% total energy (%TE) for cardiovascular disease prevention, with benefits observed when SFAs are replaced with unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a dietary exchange model using commercially available foods to replace SFAs with UFAs. Methods Healthy men (n = 109, age 48, SD 11 year) recruited to the Reading, Imperial, Surrey, Saturated fat Cholesterol Intervention-1 (RISSCI-1) study (ClinicalTrials.Gov n degrees NCT03270527) followed two sequential 4-week isoenergetic moderate-fat (34%TE) diets: high-SFA (18%TE SFAs, 16%TE UFAs) and low-SFA (10%TE SFAs, 24%TE UFAs). Dietary intakes were assessed using 4-day weighed diet diaries. Nutrient intakes were analysed using paired t-tests, fasting plasma phospholipid fatty acid (PL-FA) profiles and dietary patterns were analysed using orthogonal partial least square discriminant analyses. Results Participants exchanged 10.2%TE (SD 4.1) SFAs for 9.7%TE (SD 3.9) UFAs between the high and low-SFA diets, reaching target intakes with minimal effect on other nutrients or energy intakes. Analyses of dietary patterns confirmed successful incorporation of recommended foods from commercially available sources (e.g. dairy products, snacks, oils, and fats), without affecting participants' overall dietary intakes. Analyses of plasma PL-FAs indicated good compliance to the dietary intervention and foods of varying SFA content. Conclusions RISSCI-1 dietary exchange model successfully replaced dietary SFAs with UFAs in free-living healthy men using commercially available foods, and without altering their dietary patterns. Further intervention studies are required to confirm utility and feasibility of such food-based dietary fat replacement models at a population level. KW - Dietary fat composition KW - Food-exchange model KW - Dietary compliance KW - Dairy biomarkers KW - Dietary fat replacement Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-02910-2 SN - 1436-6207 SN - 1436-6215 VL - 61 IS - 7 SP - 3669 EP - 3684 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maiti, Snehanshu A1 - Makwana, Kirit A1 - Zhang, Heshou A1 - Yan, Huirong T1 - Cosmic-ray transport in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence JF - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics / part 1 N2 - This paper studies cosmic-ray (CR) transport in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. CR transport is strongly dependent on the properties of the magnetic turbulence. We perform test particle simulations to study the interactions of CR with both total MHD turbulence and decomposed MHD modes. The spatial diffusion coefficients and the pitch angle scattering diffusion coefficients are calculated from the test particle trajectories in turbulence. Our results confirm that the fast modes dominate the CR propagation, whereas Alfven and slow modes are much less efficient and have shown similar pitch-angle scattering rates. We investigate the cross field transport on large and small scales. On large/global scales, normal diffusion is observed and the diffusion coefficient is suppressed by M-A(zeta) compared to the parallel diffusion coefficients, with zeta closer to 4 in Alfven modes than that in total turbulence, as theoretically expected. For the CR transport on scales smaller than the turbulence injection scale, both the local and global magnetic reference frames are adopted. Superdiffusion is observed on such small scales in all the cases. Particularly, CR transport in Alfven modes show clear Richardson diffusion in the local reference frame. The diffusion transitions smoothly from the Richardson's one with index 1.5 to normal diffusion as the particle mean free path decreases from lambda(parallel to) >> L to lambda(parallel to) << L, where L is the injection/coherence length of turbulence. Our results have broad applications to CRs in various astrophysical environments. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac46c8 SN - 1538-4357 VL - 926 IS - 1 PB - Institute of Physics Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Aranson, Igor S. A1 - Pikovskij, Arkadij T1 - Confinement and collective escape of active particles JF - Physical review letters N2 - Active matter broadly covers the dynamics of self-propelled particles. While the onset of collective behavior in homogenous active systems is relatively well understood, the effect of inhomogeneities such as obstacles and traps lacks overall clarity. Here, we study how interacting, self-propelled particles become trapped and released from a trap. We have found that captured particles aggregate into an orbiting condensate with a crystalline structure. As more particles are added, the trapped condensates escape as a whole. Our results shed light on the effects of confinement and quenched disorder in active matter. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.108001 SN - 0031-9007 SN - 1079-7114 SN - 1092-0145 VL - 128 IS - 10 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park, Md. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Botsch, Gideon T1 - Frei, Norbert, Franka Maubach, Christina Morina, und Maik Tändler (2019): Zur rechten Zeit. Wider die Rückkehr des Nationalismus. Berlin: Ullstein. 253 Seiten. 20,00 € JF - Politische Vierteljahresschrift N2 - „Zur rechten Zeit“ ist ein flüssig geschriebenes, gut lesbares und an ein breites Publikum gerichtetes Sachbuch. Es will die Geschichte der Bundesrepublik „unter dem Eindruck der gegenwärtigen rechten Konjunktur anders denn als gängige Erfolgsgeschichte“ (S. 10) erzählen. Die Autorinnen und Autoren sind nicht bestrebt, das Erfolgsnarrativ radikal zu dekonstruieren und damit den Forschungsertrag der Zeitgeschichtsschreibung zu ignorieren, wohl aber rekonstruieren sie Abschattungen und Brüche, die zeigen, dass der Prozess weniger geradlinig war als häufig angenommen – und dass seine Ergebnisse nicht irreversibel sind. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11615-020-00221-x SN - 0032-3470 SN - 1862-2860 VL - 61 IS - 1 SP - 199 EP - 201 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huß, Sebastian A1 - Judd, Rika Siedah A1 - Koper, Kaan A1 - Maeda, Hiroshi A. A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran T1 - An automated workflow that generates atom mappings for large-scale metabolic models and its application to Arabidopsis thaliana JF - The plant journal N2 - Quantification of reaction fluxes of metabolic networks can help us understand how the integration of different metabolic pathways determines cellular functions. Yet, intracellular fluxes cannot be measured directly but are estimated with metabolic flux analysis (MFA), which relies on the patterns of isotope labeling of metabolites in the network. The application of MFA also requires a stoichiometric model with atom mappings that are currently not available for the majority of large-scale metabolic network models, particularly of plants. While automated approaches such as the Reaction Decoder Toolkit (RDT) can produce atom mappings for individual reactions, tracing the flow of individual atoms of the entire reactions across a metabolic model remains challenging. Here we establish an automated workflow to obtain reliable atom mappings for large-scale metabolic models by refining the outcome of RDT, and apply the workflow to metabolic models of Arabidopsis thaliana. We demonstrate the accuracy of RDT through a comparative analysis with atom mappings from a large database of biochemical reactions, MetaCyc. We further show the utility of our automated workflow by simulating N-15 isotope enrichment and identifying nitrogen (N)-containing metabolites which show enrichment patterns that are informative for flux estimation in future N-15-MFA studies of A. thaliana. The automated workflow established in this study can be readily expanded to other species for which metabolic models have been established and the resulting atom mappings will facilitate MFA and graph-theoretic structural analyses with large-scale metabolic networks. KW - atom mapping KW - genome-scale metabolic model KW - isotopic labeling KW - metabolic KW - flux analysis KW - technical advance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.15903 SN - 0960-7412 SN - 1365-313X VL - 111 IS - 5 SP - 1486 EP - 1500 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Oxford [u.a.] ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Görtemaker, Manfred T1 - Rudolf Hess : der Stellvertreter BT - eine Biographie N2 - Welch ein Anblick für die Welt", notierte Joseph Goebbels geschockt in seinem Tagebuch. "Ein geistig zerrütteter zweiter Mann nach dem Führer. Grauenhaft und unausdenkbar." Da war Rudolf Hess soeben zu seinem mysteriösen Flug nach England aufgebrochen, um im Alleingang Frieden zu stiften. Wer war dieser von Rätseln umgebene Mann, der wie ein Schatten Hitlers wirkte, in Nürnberg zu lebenslanger Haft verurteilt wurde und nach seinem Tod in Spandau zu einer Ikone der Neonazis werden sollte? Manfred Görtemaker legt die erste grundlegende Biographie vor, die mit neuen Quellen einen präzisen Einblick in die Chefetage des NS-Regimes ermöglicht. Der Potsdamer Zeithistoriker Manfred Görtemaker hat fast zwanzig Jahre lang an dieser akribisch recherchierten Biographie gearbeitet. Erstmals konnte er ca. 4.100 Briefe und 50.000 Blatt Schriftwechsel aus dem Hess-Nachlass im Berner Bundesarchiv auswerten, mit einer Sondergenehmigung die Papiere von Lord Selkirk of Douglas, dem Sohn des Duke of Hamilton, zu dem Hess nach Schottland flog, einsehen sowie eine beeindruckende Zahl von weiteren bislang unerschlossenen Archivalien heranziehen. Das Resultat ist das Lebensbild des Mannes, der von Anfang an mit Hitler durch dick und dünn ging, dessen wachsende Machtfülle wie ein Alter Ego verwaltete und über dessen Einfluss als "Stellvertreter des Führers" sich kein Rivale Illusionen machte. Manfred Görtemaker konnte als Erster Briefe und Schriften aus dem Nachlass von Rudolf Hess auswerten Hitlers treuester Paladin in einer präzisen biographischen Rekonstruktion Eine exemplarische Studie darüber, wie jemand zum Nazi wird Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-406-65291-2 SN - 978-3-406-65292-9 PB - C.H. Beck, CY - München ER - TY - BOOK ED - McNamara, James ED - Pagán, Victoria Emma T1 - Tacitus' Wonders BT - empire and paradox in ancient Rome N2 - This volume approaches the broad topic of wonder in the works of Tacitus, encompassing paradox, the marvellous and the admirable. Recent scholarship on these themes in Roman literature has tended to focus on poetic genres, with comparatively little attention paid to historiography: Tacitus, whose own judgments on what is worthy of note have often differed in interesting ways from the preoccupations of his readers, is a fascinating focal point for this complementary perspective. Scholarship on Tacitus has to date remained largely marked by a divide between the search for veracity – as validated by modern historiographical standards – and literary approaches, and as a result wonders have either been ignored as unfit for an account of history or have been deprived of their force by being interpreted as valid only within the text. While the modern ideal of historiographical objectivity tends to result in striving for consistent heuristic and methodological frameworks, works as varied as Tacitus' Histories, Annals and opera minora can hardly be prefaced with a statement of methodology broad enough to escape misrepresenting their diversity. In our age of specialization a streamlined methodological framework is a virtue, but it should not be assumed that Tacitus had similar priorities, and indeed the Histories and Annals deserve to be approached with openness towards the variety of perspectives that a tradition as rich as Latin historiographical prose can include within its scope. This collection proposes ways to reconcile the divide between history and historiography by exploring contestable moments in the text that challenge readers to judge and interpret for themselves, with individual chapters drawing on a range of interpretive approaches that mirror the wealth of authorial and reader-specific responses in play. KW - Tacitus KW - Paradoxography KW - Historiography KW - Ancient Rome KW - Latin literature KW - Paradoxographie KW - Geschichtsschreibung KW - Alte Geschichte KW - Lateinische Literatur Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-350-24172-5 SN - 978-1-350-24175-6 PB - Bloomsbury CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pilz, Marco A1 - Isken, Marius Paul A1 - Fleming, Kevin A1 - Orunbaev, Sagynbek A1 - Moldobekov, Bolot T1 - Long- and short-term monitoring of a dam in response to seasonal changes and ground motion loading BT - the test case of the Kurpsai Dam, Western Kyrgyz Republic JF - Pure and applied geophysics : PAGEOPH ; continuation of Geofisica pura e applicata N2 - An experimental multi-parameter structural monitoring system has been installed on the Kurpsai dam, western Kyrgyz Republic. This system consists of equipment for seismic and strain measurements for making longer- (days, weeks, months) and shorter- (minutes, hours) term observations, dealing with, for example seasonal (longer) effects or the response of the dam to ground motion from noise or seismic events. Fibre-optic strain sensors allow the seasonal and daily opening and closing of the spaces between the dam's segments to be tracked. For the seismic data, both amplitude (in terms of using differences in amplitudes in the Fourier spectra for mapping the modes of vibration of the dam) and their time-frequency distribution for a set of small to moderate seismic events are investigated and the corresponding phase variabilities (in terms of lagged coherency) are evaluated. Even for moderate levels of seismic-induced ground motion, some influence on the structural response can be detected, which then sees the dam quickly return to its original state. A seasonal component was identified in the strain measurements, while levels of noise arising from the operation of the dam's generators and associated water flow have been provisionally identified. KW - Structural health monitoring KW - Dam engineering KW - Operational and environmental effects KW - Strong-motion KW - Strain KW - Elastic response KW - Kurpsai dam Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02861-5 SN - 0033-4553 SN - 1420-9136 VL - 178 IS - 10 SP - 4001 EP - 4020 PB - Birkhäuser CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - McNamara, James ED - Geue, Tom ED - Giusti, Elena T1 - Lost in Germania BT - the absence of history in Tacitus' ethnography JF - Unspoken Rome: Absences in Latin Texts N2 - Tacitus’ Germania is notable for its absences: lacking a preface and programmatic statements, and being the only ethnographic monograph to have survived from Greco-Roman antiquity, readers have often leapt to fill in its perceived blanks. This chapter aims at redressing the effects of overdetermined readings by interpreting the text’s absences as significant in their own right. KW - Tacitus KW - Germania KW - Ethnography KW - Ethnographie KW - Historiography KW - Geschichtsschreibung KW - Absence KW - Latin literature KW - Lateinische Literatur Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/unspoken-rome/lost-in-germania/14769D9F862EC2E2868152BFF0B3D78D SN - 978-11-0884-304-1 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108913843.012 SP - 201 EP - 218 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vasyura-Bathke, Hannes A1 - Dettmer, Jan A1 - Dutta, Rishabh A1 - Mai, Paul Martin A1 - Jónsson, Sigurjón T1 - Accounting for theory errors with empirical Bayesian noise models in nonlinear centroid moment tensor estimation JF - Geophysical journal international / the Royal Astronomical Society, the Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft and the European Geophysical Society N2 - Centroid moment tensor (CMT) parameters can be estimated from seismic waveforms. Since these data indirectly observe the deformation process, CMTs are inferred as solutions to inverse problems which are generally underdetermined and require significant assumptions, including assumptions about data noise. Broadly speaking, we consider noise to include both theory and measurement errors, where theory errors are due to assumptions in the inverse problem and measurement errors are caused by the measurement process. While data errors are routinely included in parameter estimation for full CMTs, less attention has been paid to theory errors related to velocity-model uncertainties and how these affect the resulting moment-tensor (MT) uncertainties. Therefore, rigorous uncertainty quantification for CMTs may require theory-error estimation which becomes a problem of specifying noise models. Various noise models have been proposed, and these rely on several assumptions. All approaches quantify theory errors by estimating the covariance matrix of data residuals. However, this estimation can be based on explicit modelling, empirical estimation and/or ignore or include covariances. We quantitatively compare several approaches by presenting parameter and uncertainty estimates in nonlinear full CMT estimation for several simulated data sets and regional field data of the M-1 4.4, 2015 June 13 Fox Creek, Canada, event. While our main focus is at regional distances, the tested approaches are general and implemented for arbitrary source model choice. These include known or unknown centroid locations, full MTs, deviatoric MTs and double-couple MTs. We demonstrate that velocity-model uncertainties can profoundly affect parameter estimation and that their inclusion leads to more realistic parameter uncertainty quantification. However, not all approaches perform equally well. Including theory errors by estimating non-stationary (non-Toeplitz) error covariance matrices via iterative schemes during Monte Carlo sampling performs best and is computationally most efficient. In general, including velocity-model uncertainties is most important in cases where velocity structure is poorly known. KW - Inverse theory KW - Probability distributions KW - Waveform inversion KW - Earthquake source observations KW - Seismic noise Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab034 SN - 0956-540X SN - 1365-246X VL - 225 IS - 2 SP - 1412 EP - 1431 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ostermann-Miyashita, Emu-Felicitas A1 - König, Hannes J. A1 - Pernat, Nadja A1 - Bellingrath-Kimura, Sonoko Dorothea A1 - Hibler, Sophia A1 - Kiffner, Christian T1 - Knowledge of returning wildlife species and willingness to participate in citizen science projects among wildlife park visitors in Germany JF - People and nature N2 - Successful conservation efforts have led to recent increases of large mammals such as European bison Bison bonasus, moose Alces alces and grey wolf Canis lupus and their return to former habitats in central Europe. While embraced by some, the recovery of these species is a controversial topic and holds potential for human-wildlife conflicts. Involving the public has been suggested to be an effective method for monitoring wildlife and mitigating associated conflicts. To assess two interrelated prerequisites for engaging people in Citizen Science (CS)-knowledge of returning species and respondents' readiness to participate in CS activities for monitoring and managing these species-we conducted a survey (questionnaire) in two wildlife parks located in different states of Germany. Based on 472 complete questionnaires, we developed generalized linear models to understand how sociodemographic variables and exposure to the species affected visitors' knowledge of each species, and to investigate if sociodemographic variables and knowledge influenced the likelihood of visitors to participate in CS activities. Almost all visitors were aware of the returning wolf population, while knowledge and awareness about bison and moose were significantly lower. Knowledge of the two herbivores differed geographically (higher knowledge of moose in the north-eastern state), possibly indicating a positive association between exposure to the species and knowledge. However, models generally performed poorly in predicting knowledge about wildlife, suggesting that such specific knowledge is insufficiently explained by sociodemographic variables. Our model, which explained stated willingness in CS indicated that younger participants and those with higher knowledge scores in the survey were more willing to engage in CS activities. Overall, our analyses highlight how exposure to large mammals, knowledge about wildlife and human demographics are interrelated-insights that are helpful for effectively recruiting citizen scientists for wildlife conservation. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. KW - environmental awareness KW - human-animal relationships KW - human-wildlife conflicts KW - social-ecological system KW - wildlife conservation KW - wildlife knowledge Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10379 SN - 2575-8314 VL - 4 IS - 5 SP - 1201 EP - 1215 PB - British Ecological Society; Wiley CY - London; Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Andjelković, Marko A1 - Chen, Junchao A1 - Simevski, Aleksandar A1 - Schrape, Oliver A1 - Krstić, Miloš A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - Monitoring of particle count rate and LET variations with pulse stretching inverters JF - IEEE transactions on nuclear science : a publication of the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society N2 - This study investigates the use of pulse stretching (skew-sized) inverters for monitoring the variation of count rate and linear energy transfer (LET) of energetic particles. The basic particle detector is a cascade of two pulse stretching inverters, and the required sensing area is obtained by connecting up to 12 two-inverter cells in parallel and employing the required number of parallel arrays. The incident particles are detected as single-event transients (SETs), whereby the SET count rate denotes the particle count rate, while the SET pulsewidth distribution depicts the LET variations. The advantage of the proposed solution is the possibility to sense the LET variations using fully digital processing logic. SPICE simulations conducted on IHP's 130-nm CMOS technology have shown that the SET pulsewidth varies by approximately 550 ps over the LET range from 1 to 100 MeV center dot cm(2) center dot mg(-1). The proposed detector is intended for triggering the fault-tolerant mechanisms within a self-adaptive multiprocessing system employed in space. It can be implemented as a standalone detector or integrated in the same chip with the target system. KW - Particle detector KW - pulse stretching inverters KW - single-event transient KW - (SET) count rate KW - SET pulsewidth distribution Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2021.3076400 SN - 0018-9499 SN - 1558-1578 VL - 68 IS - 8 SP - 1772 EP - 1781 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scharnweber, Inga Kristin A1 - Chaguaceda, Fernando A1 - Eklöv, Peter T1 - Fatty acid accumulation in feeding types of a natural freshwater fish population JF - Oecologia / in cooperation with the International Association for Ecology, Intecol N2 - Fatty acids are widely used to study trophic interactions in food web assemblages. Generally, it is assumed that there is a very small modification of fatty acids from one trophic step to another, making them suitable as trophic biomarkers. However, recent literature provides evidence that many fishes possess genes encoding enzymes with a role in bioconversion, thus the capability for bioconversion might be more widespread than previously assumed. Nonetheless, empirical evidence for biosynthesis occurring in natural populations remains scarce. In this study, we investigated different feeding types of perch (Perca fluviatilis) that are specialized on specific resources with different levels of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), and analyzed the change between HUFA proportions in perch muscle tissue compared to their resources. Perch showed matching levels to their resources for EPA, but ARA and especially DHA were accumulated. Compound-specific stable isotope analyses helped us to identify the origin of HUFA carbon. Our results suggest that perch obtain a substantial amount of DHA via bioconversion when feeding on DHA-poor benthic resources. Thus, our data indicate the capability of bioconversion of HUFAs in a natural freshwater fish population. KW - Fatty acid conversion KW - Compound-specific stable isotope analysis KW - Docosahexaenoic acid KW - Bioconversion KW - Trophic upgrading Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-04913-y SN - 0029-8549 SN - 1432-1939 VL - 196 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 63 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlosser, Rainer A1 - Chenavaz, Régis Y. A1 - Dimitrov, Stanko T1 - Circular economy BT - joint dynamic pricing and recycling investments JF - International journal of production economics N2 - In a circular economy, the use of recycled resources in production is a key performance indicator for management. Yet, academic studies are still unable to inform managers on appropriate recycling and pricing policies. We develop an optimal control model integrating a firm's recycling rate, which can use both virgin and recycled resources in the production process. Our model accounts for recycling influence both at the supply- and demandsides. The positive effect of a firm's use of recycled resources diminishes over time but may increase through investments. Using general formulations for demand and cost, we analytically examine joint dynamic pricing and recycling investment policies in order to determine their optimal interplay over time. We provide numerical experiments to assess the existence of a steady-state and to calculate sensitivity analyses with respect to various model parameters. The analysis shows how to dynamically adapt jointly optimized controls to reach sustainability in the production process. Our results pave the way to sounder sustainable practices for firms operating within a circular economy. KW - Dynamic pricing KW - Recycling investments KW - Optimal control KW - General demand function KW - Circular economy Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108117 SN - 0925-5273 SN - 1873-7579 VL - 236 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nakoudi, Konstantina A1 - Ritter, Christoph A1 - Stachlewska, Iwona S. T1 - Properties of cirrus clouds over the European Arctic (Ny-Alesund, Svalbard) JF - Remote sensing / Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) N2 - Cirrus is the only cloud type capable of inducing daytime cooling or heating at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and the sign of its radiative effect highly depends on its optical depth. However, the investigation of its geometrical and optical properties over the Arctic is limited. In this work the long-term properties of cirrus clouds are explored for the first time over an Arctic site (Ny-Alesund, Svalbard) using lidar and radiosonde measurements from 2011 to 2020. The optical properties were quality assured, taking into account the effects of specular reflections and multiple-scattering. Cirrus clouds were generally associated with colder and calmer wind conditions compared to the 2011-2020 climatology. However, the dependence of cirrus properties on temperature and wind speed was not strong. Even though the seasonal cycle was not pronounced, the winter-time cirrus appeared under lower temperatures and stronger wind conditions. Moreover, in winter, geometrically- and optically-thicker cirrus were found and their ice particles tended to be more spherical. The majority of cirrus was associated with westerly flow and westerly cirrus tended to be geometrically-thicker. Overall, optically-thinner layers tended to comprise smaller and less spherical ice crystals, most likely due to reduced water vapor deposition on the particle surface. Compared to lower latitudes, the cirrus layers over Ny-Alesund were more absorbing in the visible spectral region and they consisted of more spherical ice particles. KW - Arctic clouds KW - cirrus clouds KW - ice clouds KW - lidar Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224555 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 13 IS - 22 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tscheuschner, Georg A1 - Kaiser, Melanie N. A1 - Lisec, Jan A1 - Beslic, Denis A1 - Muth, Thilo A1 - Krüger, Maren A1 - Mages, Hans Werner A1 - Dorner, Brigitte G. A1 - Knospe, Julia A1 - Schenk, Jörg A. A1 - Sellrie, Frank A1 - Weller, Michael G. T1 - MALDI-TOF-MS-based identification of monoclonal murine Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies within one hour JF - Antibodies N2 - During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many virus-binding monoclonal antibodies have been developed for clinical and diagnostic purposes. This underlines the importance of antibodies as universal bioanalytical reagents. However, little attention is given to the reproducibility crisis that scientific studies are still facing to date. In a recent study, not even half of all research antibodies mentioned in publications could be identified at all. This should spark more efforts in the search for practical solutions for the traceability of antibodies. For this purpose, we used 35 monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 to demonstrate how sequence-independent antibody identification can be achieved by simple means applied to the protein. First, we examined the intact and light chain masses of the antibodies relative to the reference material NIST-mAb 8671. Already half of the antibodies could be identified based solely on these two parameters. In addition, we developed two complementary peptide mass fingerprinting methods with MALDI-TOF-MS that can be performed in 60 min and had a combined sequence coverage of over 80%. One method is based on the partial acidic hydrolysis of the protein by 5 mM of sulfuric acid at 99 degrees C. Furthermore, we established a fast way for a tryptic digest without an alkylation step. We were able to show that the distinction of clones is possible simply by a brief visual comparison of the mass spectra. In this work, two clones originating from the same immunization gave the same fingerprints. Later, a hybridoma sequencing confirmed the sequence identity of these sister clones. In order to automate the spectral comparison for larger libraries of antibodies, we developed the online software ABID 2.0. This open-source software determines the number of matching peptides in the fingerprint spectra. We propose that publications and other documents critically relying on monoclonal antibodies with unknown amino acid sequences should include at least one antibody fingerprint. By fingerprinting an antibody in question, its identity can be confirmed by comparison with a library spectrum at any time and context. KW - SARS-CoV-2 antibody KW - reproducibility crisis KW - peptide mass KW - fingerprinting KW - monoclonal antibody KW - traceability KW - identity KW - antibody KW - identification KW - antibody light chain KW - MALDI-TOF-MS Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/antib11020027 SN - 2073-4468 VL - 11 IS - 2 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leins, Johannes A. A1 - Banitz, Thomas A1 - Grimm, Volker A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - High-resolution PVA along large environmental gradients to model the combined effects of climate change and land use timing BT - lessons from the large marsh grasshopper JF - Ecological modelling : international journal on ecological modelling and systems ecology N2 - Both climate change and land use regimes affect the viability of populations, but they are often studied separately. Moreover, population viability analyses (PVAs) often ignore the effects of large environmental gradients and use temporal resolutions that are too coarse to take into account that different stages of a population's life cycle may be affected differently by climate change. Here, we present the High-resolution Large Environmental Gradient (HiLEG) model and apply it in a PVA with daily resolution based on daily climate projections for Northwest Germany. We used the large marsh grasshopper (LMG) as the target species and investigated (1) the effects of climate change on the viability and spatial distribution of the species, (2) the influence of the timing of grassland mowing on the species and (3) the interaction between the effects of climate change and grassland mowing. The stageand cohort-based model was run for the spatially differentiated environmental conditions temperature and soil moisture across the whole study region. We implemented three climate change scenarios and analyzed the population dynamics for four consecutive 20-year periods. Climate change alone would lead to an expansion of the regions suitable for the LMG, as warming accelerates development and due to reduced drought stress. However, in combination with land use, the timing of mowing was crucial, as this disturbance causes a high mortality rate in the aboveground life stages. Assuming the same date of mowing throughout the region, the impact on viability varied greatly between regions due to the different climate conditions. The regional negative effects of the mowing date can be divided into five phases: (1) In early spring, the populations were largely unaffected in all the regions; (2) between late spring and early summer, they were severely affected only in warm regions; (3) in summer, all the populations were severely affected so that they could hardly survive; (4) between late summer and early autumn, they were severely affected in cold regions; and (5) in autumn, the populations were equally affected across all regions. The duration and start of each phase differed slightly depending on the climate change scenario and simulation period, but overall, they showed the same pattern. Our model can be used to identify regions of concern and devise management recommendations. The model can be adapted to the life cycle of different target species, climate projections and disturbance regimes. We show with our adaption of the HiLEG model that high-resolution PVAs and applications on large environmental gradients can be reconciled to develop conservation strategies capable of dealing with multiple stressors. KW - Climate change KW - Land use KW - Population viability analysis KW - Stage-based model KW - High resolution KW - Environmental gradients Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109355 SN - 0304-3800 VL - 440 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Potente, Giacomo A1 - Léveillé-Bourret, Étienne A1 - Yousefi, Narjes A1 - Choudhury, Rimjhim Roy A1 - Keller, Barbara A1 - Diop, Seydina Issa A1 - Duijsings, Daniël A1 - Pirovano, Walter A1 - Lenhard, Michael A1 - Szövényi, Péter A1 - Conti, Elena T1 - Comparative genomics elucidates the origin of a supergene controlling floral heteromorphism JF - Molecular biology and evolution : MBE N2 - Supergenes are nonrecombining genomic regions ensuring the coinheritance of multiple, coadapted genes. Despite the importance of supergenes in adaptation, little is known on how they originate. A classic example of supergene is the S locus controlling heterostyly, a floral heteromorphism occurring in 28 angiosperm families. In Primula, heterostyly is characterized by the cooccurrence of two complementary, self-incompatible floral morphs and is controlled by five genes clustered in the hemizygous, ca. 300-kb S locus. Here, we present the first chromosome-scale genome assembly of any heterostylous species, that of Primula veris (cowslip). By leveraging the high contiguity of the P. veris assembly and comparative genomic analyses, we demonstrated that the S-locus evolved via multiple, asynchronous gene duplications and independent gene translocations. Furthermore, we discovered a new whole-genome duplication in Ericales that is specific to the Primula lineage. We also propose a mechanism for the origin of S-locus hemizygosity via nonhomologous recombination involving the newly discovered two pairs of CFB genes flanking the S locus. Finally, we detected only weak signatures of degeneration in the S locus, as predicted for hemizygous supergenes. The present study provides a useful resource for future research addressing key questions on the evolution of supergenes in general and the S locus in particular: How do supergenes arise? What is the role of genome architecture in the evolution of complex adaptations? Is the molecular architecture of heterostyly supergenes across angiosperms similar to that of Primula? KW - genome architecture KW - supergene KW - heterostyly KW - evolutionary genomics KW - chromosome-scale genome assembly KW - primula Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msac035 SN - 0737-4038 SN - 1537-1719 VL - 39 IS - 2 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Konigorski, Stefan A1 - Wernicke, Sarah A1 - Slosarek, Tamara A1 - Zenner, Alexander M. A1 - Strelow, Nils A1 - Ruether, Darius F. A1 - Henschel, Florian A1 - Manaswini, Manisha A1 - Pottbäcker, Fabian A1 - Edelman, Jonathan A. A1 - Owoyele, Babajide A1 - Danieletto, Matteo A1 - Golden, Eddye A1 - Zweig, Micol A1 - Nadkarni, Girish N. A1 - Böttinger, Erwin T1 - StudyU: a platform for designing and conducting innovative digital N-of-1 trials JF - Journal of medical internet research N2 - N-of-1 trials are the gold standard study design to evaluate individual treatment effects and derive personalized treatment strategies. Digital tools have the potential to initiate a new era of N-of-1 trials in terms of scale and scope, but fully functional platforms are not yet available. Here, we present the open source StudyU platform, which includes the StudyU Designer and StudyU app. With the StudyU Designer, scientists are given a collaborative web application to digitally specify, publish, and conduct N-of-1 trials. The StudyU app is a smartphone app with innovative user-centric elements for participants to partake in trials published through the StudyU Designer to assess the effects of different interventions on their health. Thereby, the StudyU platform allows clinicians and researchers worldwide to easily design and conduct digital N-of-1 trials in a safe manner. We envision that StudyU can change the landscape of personalized treatments both for patients and healthy individuals, democratize and personalize evidence generation for self-optimization and medicine, and can be integrated in clinical practice. KW - digital interventions KW - N-of-1 trial KW - SCED KW - single-case experimental design KW - web application KW - mobile application KW - app KW - digital health Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/35884 SN - 1439-4456 SN - 1438-8871 VL - 24 IS - 7 PB - Healthcare World CY - Richmond, Va. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lucena-Perez, María A1 - Bazzicalupo, Enrico A1 - Paijmans, Johanna A1 - Kleinman-Ruiz, Daniel A1 - Dalén, Love A1 - Hofreiter, Michael A1 - Delibes, Miguel A1 - Clavero, Miguel A1 - Godoy, José A. T1 - Ancient genome provides insights into the history of Eurasian lynx in Iberia and Western Europe JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is one of the most widely distributed felids in the world. However, most of its populations started to decline a few millennia ago. Historical declines have been especially severe in Europe, and particularly in Western Europe, from where the species disappeared in the last few centuries. Here, we analyze the genome of an Eurasian lynx inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula 2500 ya, to gain insights into the phylogeographic position and genetic status of this extinct population. Also, we contextualize previous ancient data in the light of new phylogeographic studies of the species. Our results suggest that the Iberian population is part of an extinct European lineage closely related to the current Carpathian-Baltic lineages. Also, this sample holds the lowest diversity reported for the species so far, and similar to that of the highly endangered Iberian lynx. A combination of historical factors, such as a founder effect while colonizing the peninsula, together with intensified human impacts during the Holocene in the Cantabrian strip, could have led to a genetic impoverishment of the population and precipitated its extinction. Mitogenomic lineages distribution in space and time support the long-term coexistence of several lineages of Eurasian lynx in Western Europe with fluctuating ranges. While mitochondrial sequences related to the lineages currently found in Balkans and Caucasus were predominant during the Pleistocene, those more closely related to the lineage currently distributed in Central Europe prevailed during the Holocene. The use of ancient genomics has proven to be a useful tool to understand the biogeographic pattern of the Eurasian lynx in the past. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107518 SN - 0277-3791 SN - 1873-457X VL - 285 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kreuzer, Lucas A1 - Widmann, Tobias A1 - Geiger, Christina A1 - Wang, Peixi A1 - Vagias, Apostolos N. A1 - Heger, Julian Eliah A1 - Haese, Martin A1 - Hildebrand, Viet A1 - Laschewsky, André A1 - Papadakis, Christine M. A1 - Müller-Buschbaum, Peter T1 - Salt-dependent phase transition behavior of doubly thermoresponsive poly(sulfobetaine)-based diblock copolymer thin films JF - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids / American Chemical Society N2 - The water vapor-induced swelling, as well as subsequent phase-transition kinetics, of thin films of a diblock copolymer (DBC) loaded with different amounts of the salt NaBr, is investigated in situ. In dilute aqueous solution, the DBC features an orthogonally thermoresponsive behavior. It consists of a zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine) block, namely, poly(4-(N-(3'-methacrylamidopropyl)-N, N-dimethylammonio) butane-1-sulfonate) (PSBP), showing an upper critical solution temperature, and a nonionic block, namely, poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) (PNIPMAM), exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature. The swelling kinetics in D2O vapor at 15 degrees C and the phase transition kinetics upon heating the swollen film to 60 degrees C and cooling back to 15 degrees C are followed with simultaneous time-of-flight neutron reflectometry and spectral reflectance measurements. These are complemented by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The collapse temperature of PNIPMAM and the swelling temperature of PSBP are found at lower temperatures than in aqueous solution, which is attributed to the high polymer concentration in the thin-film geometry. Upon inclusion of sub-stoichiometric amounts (relative to the monomer units) of NaBr in the films, the water incorporation is significantly increased. This increase is mainly attributed to a salting-in effect on the zwitterionic PSBP block. Whereas the addition of NaBr notably shifts the swelling temperature of PSBP to lower temperatures, the collapse temperature of PNIPMAM remains unaffected by the presence of salt in the films. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01342 SN - 0743-7463 SN - 1520-5827 VL - 37 IS - 30 SP - 9179 EP - 9191 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tönjes, Ralf A1 - Fiore, Carlos E. A1 - Pereira da Silva, Tiago T1 - Coherence resonance in influencer networks JF - Nature Communications N2 - Complex networks are abundant in nature and many share an important structural property: they contain a few nodes that are abnormally highly connected (hubs). Some of these hubs are called influencers because they couple strongly to the network and play fundamental dynamical and structural roles. Strikingly, despite the abundance of networks with influencers, little is known about their response to stochastic forcing. Here, for oscillatory dynamics on influencer networks, we show that subjecting influencers to an optimal intensity of noise can result in enhanced network synchronization. This new network dynamical effect, which we call coherence resonance in influencer networks, emerges from a synergy between network structure and stochasticity and is highly nonlinear, vanishing when the noise is too weak or too strong. Our results reveal that the influencer backbone can sharply increase the dynamical response in complex systems of coupled oscillators. Influencer networks include a small set of highly-connected nodes and can reach synchrony only via strong node interaction. Tonjes et al. show that introducing an optimal amount of noise enhances synchronization of such networks, which may be relevant for neuroscience or opinion dynamics applications. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20441-4 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 12 IS - 1 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Becker, George D. A1 - D'Aloisio, Anson A1 - Christenson, Holly M. A1 - Zhu, Yongda A1 - Worseck, Gábor A1 - Bolton, James S. T1 - The mean free path of ionizing photons at 5 < z < 6 BT - evidence for rapid evolution near reionization JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - The mean free path of ionizing photons, lambda(mfp), is a key factor in the photoionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM). At z greater than or similar to 5, however, lambda(mfp) may be short enough that measurements towards QSOs are biased by the QSO proximity effect. We present new direct measurements of lambda(mfp) that address this bias and extend up to z similar to 6 for the first time. Our measurements at z similar to 5 are based on data from the Giant Gemini GMOS survey and new Keck LRIS observations of low-luminosity QSOs. At z similar to 6 we use QSO spectra from Keck ESI and VLT X-Shooter. We measure lambda(mfp) = 9.09(-1.28)(+1.62) proper Mpc and 0.75(-0.45)(+0.65) proper Mpc (68 percent confidence) at z = 5.1 and 6.0, respectively. The results at z = 5.1 are consistent with existing measurements, suggesting that bias from the proximity effect is minor at this redshift. At z = 6.0, however, we find that neglecting the proximity effect biases the result high by a factor of two or more. Our measurement at z = 6.0 falls well below extrapolations from lower redshifts, indicating rapid evolution in lambda(mfp) over 5 < z < 6. This evolution disfavours models in which reionization ended early enough that the IGM had time to fully relax hydrodynamically by z = 6, but is qualitatively consistent with models wherein reionization completed at z = 6 or even significantly later. Our mean free path results are most consistent with late reionization models wherein the IGM is still 20 percent neutral at z = 6, although our measurement at z = 6.0 is even lower than these models prefer. KW - intergalactic medium KW - quasars: absorption lines KW - cosmology: observations KW - dark ages KW - large-scale structure of Universe KW - reionization KW - first stars Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2696 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 508 IS - 2 SP - 1853 EP - 1869 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Botsch, Gideon T1 - Rechtsextremer Antisemitismus in Brandenburg T2 - Mit der Verfassung gegen Antisemitismus : Dokumentation des Fach-Symposiums an der Universität Potsdam Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.stiftung-toleranz.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Mit-der-Verfassung-gegen-den-AS_Kompendium-final.pdf SP - 14 EP - 19 PB - F. C. Flick Stiftung CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Botsch, Gideon ED - von Appen, Ralf ED - Hindrichs, Thorsten T1 - "Wann I’ denk wie’s früher war." BT - Nationalismus in der "postnationalen Konstellation" T2 - One nation under a groove - »Nation« als Kategorie populärer Musik N2 - The successful Austrian pop-musician Andreas Gabalier has devoted several of his songs to his Styrian homeland. Gabalier's work and performance has often been per-ceived as nationalist. When analyzing some of his lyrics, an astonishing observation can be made: Most references to the »homeland« are backward-looking. This article argues that the remarkable lack of a national »future« in Gabalier's work is charac-teristic for contemporary nationalist manifestations, not only in popular culture, but also in ideologies and politics. The article introduces a new typology of nationalist movements. With regard to the character of the related nation-state, three types are discussed: »constructive nationalism« whereby the nationalist movement strives for a future sovereign nation state; »maintaining nationalism« wherein a nation state already exists; and »reconstructive nationalism« where nationalists believe that the nation state has lost its independence, sovereignty, and freedom in the course of globalization and hope for a reconstruction. However, these types are defined here as »ideal types« in a Weberian sense and will hardly be found in their »pure« forms in history or social reality. Y1 - 2020 SN - 9783837655810 SN - 9783839455814 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839455814 SP - 15 EP - 29 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Monhonval, Arthur A1 - Strauss, Jens A1 - Mauclet, Elisabeth A1 - Hirst, Catherine A1 - Bemelmans, Nathan A1 - Grosse, Guido A1 - Schirrmeister, Lutz A1 - Fuchs, Matthias A1 - Opfergelt, Sophie T1 - Iron redistribution upon thermokarst processes in the Yedoma domain JF - Frontiers in Earth Science N2 - Ice-rich permafrost has been subject to abrupt thaw and thermokarst formation in the past and is vulnerable to current global warming. The ice-rich permafrost domain includes Yedoma sediments that have never thawed since deposition during the late Pleistocene and Alas sediments that were formed by previous thermokarst processes during the Lateglacial and Holocene warming. Permafrost thaw unlocks organic carbon (OC) and minerals from these deposits and exposes OC to mineralization. A portion of the OC can be associated with iron (Fe), a redox-sensitive element acting as a trap for OC. Post-depositional thaw processes may have induced changes in redox conditions in these deposits and thereby affected Fe distribution and interactions between OC and Fe, with knock-on effects on the role that Fe plays in mediating present day OC mineralization. To test this hypothesis, we measured Fe concentrations and proportion of Fe oxides and Fe complexed with OC in unthawed Yedoma and previously thawed Alas deposits. Total Fe concentrations were determined on 1,292 sediment samples from the Yedoma domain using portable X-ray fluorescence; these concentrations were corrected for trueness using a calibration based on a subset of 144 samples measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after alkaline fusion (R (2) = 0.95). The total Fe concentration is stable with depth in Yedoma deposits, but we observe a depletion or accumulation of total Fe in Alas deposits, which experienced previous thaw and/or flooding events. Selective Fe extractions targeting reactive forms of Fe on unthawed and previously thawed deposits highlight that about 25% of the total Fe is present as reactive species, either as crystalline or amorphous oxides, or complexed with OC, with no significant difference in proportions of reactive Fe between Yedoma and Alas deposits. These results suggest that redox driven processes during past thermokarst formation impact the present-day distribution of total Fe, and thereby the total amount of reactive Fe in Alas versus Yedoma deposits. This study highlights that ongoing thermokarst lake formation and drainage dynamics in the Arctic influences reactive Fe distribution and thereby interactions between Fe and OC, OC mineralization rates, and greenhouse gas emissions. KW - permafrost KW - thaw KW - redox processes KW - carbon stabilization KW - arctic KW - subarctic Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.703339 SN - 2296-6463 VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Botsch, Gideon ED - Schöppner, Ralf T1 - "Am Anfang stand die Überwältigung" BT - zur Geschichtspolitik der AfD T2 - Erasmus von Rotterdam Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-86569-212-2 SP - 19 EP - 36 PB - Alibri Verlag CY - Aschaffenburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Degen, Denise A1 - Spooner, Cameron A1 - Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena A1 - Cacace, Mauro T1 - How biased are our models? BT - a case study of the alpine region JF - Geoscientific model development : an interactive open access journal of the European Geosciences Union N2 - Geophysical process simulations play a crucial role in the understanding of the subsurface. This understanding is required to provide, for instance, clean energy sources such as geothermal energy. However, the calibration and validation of the physical models heavily rely on state measurements such as temperature. In this work, we demonstrate that focusing analyses purely on measurements introduces a high bias. This is illustrated through global sensitivity studies. The extensive exploration of the parameter space becomes feasible through the construction of suitable surrogate models via the reduced basis method, where the bias is found to result from very unequal data distribution. We propose schemes to compensate for parts of this bias. However, the bias cannot be entirely compensated. Therefore, we demonstrate the consequences of this bias with the example of a model calibration. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7133-2021 SN - 1991-959X SN - 1991-9603 VL - 14 IS - 11 SP - 7133 EP - 7153 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schneidemesser, Erika von A1 - Sibiya, Bheki A1 - Caseiro, Alexandre A1 - Butler, Tim A1 - Lawrence, Mark A1 - Leitao, Joana A1 - Lupaşcu, Aura A1 - Salvador, Pedro T1 - Learning from the COVID-19 lockdown in Berlin BT - Observations and modelling to support understanding policies to reduce NO2 JF - Atmospheric environment: X N2 - Urban air pollution is a substantial threat to human health. Traffic emissions remain a large contributor to air pollution in urban areas. The mobility restrictions put in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic provided a large-scale real-world experiment that allows for the evaluation of changes in traffic emissions and the corresponding changes in air quality. Here we use observational data, as well as modelling, to analyse changes in nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter resulting from the COVID-19 restrictions at the height of the lockdown period in Spring of 2020. Accounting for the influence of meteorology on air quality, we found that reduction of ca. 30-50 % in traffic counts, dominated by changes in passenger cars, corresponded to reductions in median observed nitrogen dioxide concentrations of ca. 40 % (traffic and urban background locations) and a ca. 22 % increase in ozone (urban background locations) during weekdays. Lesser reductions in nitrogen dioxide concentrations were observed at urban background stations at weekends, and no change in ozone was observed. The modelled reductions in median nitrogen dioxide at urban background locations were smaller than the observed reductions and the change was not significant. The model results showed no significant change in ozone on weekdays or weekends. The lack of a simulated weekday/weekend effect is consistent with previous work suggesting that NOx emissions from traffic could be significantly underestimated in European cities by models. These results indicate the potential for improvements in air quality due to policies for reducing traffic, along with the scale of reductions that would be needed to result in meaningful changes in air quality if a transition to sustainable mobility is to be seriously considered. They also confirm once more the highly relevant role of traffic for air quality in urban areas. KW - Urban areas KW - Air pollution KW - Emissions KW - COVID-19 KW - Nitrogen dioxide KW - Ozone KW - Europe Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2021.100122 SN - 2590-1621 VL - 12 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pessanha, Tatiana A1 - Paschoalino, Waldemir J. A1 - Deroco, Patricia B. A1 - Kogikoski Junior, Sergio A1 - Moraes, Ana C. M. de A1 - Carvalho Castro de Silva, Cecilia de A1 - Kubota, Lauro T. T1 - Interfacial capacitance of graphene oxide films electrodes BT - Fundamental studies on electrolytes interface aiming (bio)sensing applications JF - Electroanalysis : an internatinal journal devoted to electroanalysis, sensors and bioelectronic devices N2 - The understanding of bidimensional materials dynamics and its electrolyte interface equilibrium, such as graphene oxide (GO), is critical for the development of a capacitive biosensing platform. The interfacial capacitance (C-i) of graphene-based materials may be tuned by experimental conditions such as pH optimization and cation size playing key roles at the enhancement of their capacitive properties allowing their application as novel capacitive biosensors. Here we reported a systematic study of C-i of multilayer GO films in different aqueous electrolytes employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the application in a capacitive detection system. We demonstrated that the presence of ionizable oxygen-containing functional groups within multilayer GO film favors the interactions and the accumulation of cations in the structure of the electrodes enhancing the GO C-i in aqueous solutions, where at pH 7.0 (the best condition) the C-i was 340 mu F mg(-1) at -0.01 V vs Ag/AgCl. We also established that the hydrated cation radius affects the mobility and interaction with GO functional groups and it plays a critical role in the Ci, as demonstrated in the presence of different cations Na+=640 mu F mg(-1), Li+=575 mu F mg(-1) and TMA(+)=477 mu F mg(-1). As a proof-of-concept, the capacitive behaviour of GO was explored as biosensing platform for standard streptavidin-biotin systems. For this system, the C-i varied linearly with the log of the concentration of the targeting analyte in the range from 10 pg mL(-1) to 100 ng mL(-1), showing the promising applicability of capacitive GO based sensors for label-free biosensing. KW - Interfacial capacitance KW - Graphene oxide KW - Functional groups KW - Electrochemical impedance KW - Graphene derivates Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.202100220 SN - 1521-4109 VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 692 EP - 700 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thienen, Julia von A1 - Weinstein, Theresa Julia A1 - Meinel, Christoph T1 - Creative metacognition in design thinking BT - exploring theories, educational practices, and their implications for measurement JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Design thinking is a well-established practical and educational approach to fostering high-level creativity and innovation, which has been refined since the 1950s with the participation of experts like Joy Paul Guilford and Abraham Maslow. Through real-world projects, trainees learn to optimize their creative outcomes by developing and practicing creative cognition and metacognition. This paper provides a holistic perspective on creativity, enabling the formulation of a comprehensive theoretical framework of creative metacognition. It focuses on the design thinking approach to creativity and explores the role of metacognition in four areas of creativity expertise: Products, Processes, People, and Places. The analysis includes task-outcome relationships (product metacognition), the monitoring of strategy effectiveness (process metacognition), an understanding of individual or group strengths and weaknesses (people metacognition), and an examination of the mutual impact between environments and creativity (place metacognition). It also reviews measures taken in design thinking education, including a distribution of cognition and metacognition, to support students in their development of creative mastery. On these grounds, we propose extended methods for measuring creative metacognition with the goal of enhancing comprehensive assessments of the phenomenon. Proposed methodological advancements include accuracy sub-scales, experimental tasks where examinees explore problem and solution spaces, combinations of naturalistic observations with capability testing, as well as physiological assessments as indirect measures of creative metacognition. KW - accuracy KW - creativity KW - design thinking KW - education KW - measurement KW - metacognition KW - innovation KW - framework Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1157001 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 14 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaefer, Laura A1 - Bittmann, Frank T1 - Case report BT - Individualized pulsed electromagnetic field therapy in a Long COVID patient using the adaptive force as biomarker JF - Frontiers in medicine N2 - The increasing prevalence of Long COVID is an imminent public health disaster, and established approaches have not provided adequate diagnostics or treatments. Recently, anesthetic blockade of the stellate ganglion was reported to improve Long COVID symptoms in a small case series, purportedly by "rebooting" the autonomic nervous system. Here, we present a novel diagnostic approach based on the Adaptive Force (AF), and report sustained positive outcome for one severely affected Long COVID patient using individualized pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) at the area C7/T1. AF reflects the capacity of the neuromuscular system to adapt adequately to external forces in an isometric holding manner. In case, maximal isometric AF (AFiso(max)) is exceeded, the muscle merges into eccentric muscle action. Thereby, the force usually increases further until maximal AF (AFmax) is reached. In case adaptation is optimal, AFiso(max) is similar to 99-100% of AFmax. This holding capacity (AFiso(max)) was found to be vulnerable to disruption by unpleasant stimulus and, hence, was regarded as functional parameter. AF was assessed by an objectified manual muscle test using a handheld device. Prior to treatment, AFiso(max) was considerably lower than AFmax for hip flexors (62 N = similar to 28% AFmax) and elbow flexors (71 N = similar to 44% AFmax); i.e., maximal holding capacity was significantly reduced, indicating dysfunctional motor control. We tested PEMF at C7/T1, identified a frequency that improved neuromuscular function, and applied it for similar to 15 min. Immediately post-treatment, AFiso(max) increased to similar to 210 N (similar to 100% AFmax) at hip and 184 N (similar to 100% AFmax) at elbow. Subjective Long COVID symptoms resolved the following day. At 4 weeks post-treatment, maximal holding capacity was still on a similarly high level as for immediately post-treatment (similar to 100% AFmax) and patient was symptom-free. At 6 months the patient's Long COVID symptoms have not returned. This case report suggests (1) AF could be a promising diagnostic for post-infectious illness, (2) AF can be used to test effective treatments for post-infectious illness, and (3) individualized PEMF may resolve post-infectious symptoms. KW - individualized pulsed electromagnetic field KW - Adaptive Force KW - muscular holding capacity KW - case report KW - Long COVID KW - post-COVID syndrome KW - muscle weakness KW - fatigue Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.879971 SN - 2296-858X VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Media CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - von Hagen, Alexa A1 - Kohnen, Saskia A1 - Stadie, Nicole T1 - Foreign language attainment of children/adolescents with poor literacy skills BT - a systematic review and meta-analysis T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This systematic review investigated how successful children/adolescents with poor literacy skills learn a foreign language compared with their peers with typical literacy skills. Moreover, we explored whether specific characteristics related to participants, foreign language instruction, and assessment moderated scores on foreign language tests in this population. Overall, 16 studies with a total of 968 participants (poor reader/spellers:n = 404; control participants:n = 564) met eligibility criteria. Only studies focusing on English as a foreign language were available. Available data allowed for meta-analyses on 10 different measures of foreign language attainment. In addition to standard mean differences (SMDs), we computed natural logarithms of the ratio of coefficients of variation (CVRs) to capture individual variability between participant groups. Significant between-study heterogeneity, which could not be explained by moderator analyses, limited the interpretation of results. Although children/adolescents with poor literacy skills on average showed lower scores on foreign language phonological awareness, letter knowledge, and reading comprehension measures, their performance varied significantly more than that of control participants. Thus, it remains unclear to what extent group differences between the foreign language scores of children/adolescents with poor and typical literacy skills are representative of individual poor readers/spellers. Taken together, our results indicate that foreign language skills in children/adolescents with poor literacy skills are highly variable. We discuss the limitations of past research that can guide future steps toward a better understanding of individual differences in foreign language attainment of children/adolescents with poor literacy skills. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 847 KW - poor literacy KW - dyslexia KW - foreign language KW - bilingualism KW - meta-analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-539772 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Offrede, Tom F. A1 - Jacobi, Jidde A1 - Rebernik, Teja A1 - de Jong, Lisanne A1 - Keulen, Stefanie A1 - Veenstra, Pauline A1 - Noiray, Aude A1 - Wieling, Martijn T1 - The impact of alcohol on L1 versus L2 T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Alcohol intoxication is known to affect many aspects of human behavior and cognition; one of such affected systems is articulation during speech production. Although much research has revealed that alcohol negatively impacts pronunciation in a first language (L1), there is only initial evidence suggesting a potential beneficial effect of inebriation on articulation in a non-native language (L2). The aim of this study was thus to compare the effect of alcohol consumption on pronunciation in an L1 and an L2. Participants who had ingested different amounts of alcohol provided speech samples in their L1 (Dutch) and L2 (English), and native speakers of each language subsequently rated the pronunciation of these samples on their intelligibility (for the L1) and accent nativelikeness (for the L2). These data were analyzed with generalized additive mixed modeling. Participants' blood alcohol concentration indeed negatively affected pronunciation in L1, but it produced no significant effect on the L2 accent ratings. The expected negative impact of alcohol on L1 articulation can be explained by reduction in fine motor control. We present two hypotheses to account for the absence of any effects of intoxication on L2 pronunciation: (1) there may be a reduction in L1 interference on L2 speech due to decreased motor control or (2) alcohol may produce a differential effect on each of the two linguistic subsystems. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 848 KW - acute alcohol consumption KW - articulation KW - speech KW - bilingualism Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-540955 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Offrede, Tom F. A1 - Jacobi, Jidde A1 - Rebernik, Teja A1 - de Jong, Lisanne A1 - Keulen, Stefanie A1 - Veenstra, Pauline A1 - Noiray, Aude A1 - Wieling, Martijn T1 - The impact of alcohol on L1 versus L2 JF - Language and Speech N2 - Alcohol intoxication is known to affect many aspects of human behavior and cognition; one of such affected systems is articulation during speech production. Although much research has revealed that alcohol negatively impacts pronunciation in a first language (L1), there is only initial evidence suggesting a potential beneficial effect of inebriation on articulation in a non-native language (L2). The aim of this study was thus to compare the effect of alcohol consumption on pronunciation in an L1 and an L2. Participants who had ingested different amounts of alcohol provided speech samples in their L1 (Dutch) and L2 (English), and native speakers of each language subsequently rated the pronunciation of these samples on their intelligibility (for the L1) and accent nativelikeness (for the L2). These data were analyzed with generalized additive mixed modeling. Participants' blood alcohol concentration indeed negatively affected pronunciation in L1, but it produced no significant effect on the L2 accent ratings. The expected negative impact of alcohol on L1 articulation can be explained by reduction in fine motor control. We present two hypotheses to account for the absence of any effects of intoxication on L2 pronunciation: (1) there may be a reduction in L1 interference on L2 speech due to decreased motor control or (2) alcohol may produce a differential effect on each of the two linguistic subsystems. KW - acute alcohol consumption KW - articulation KW - speech KW - bilingualism Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830920953169 SN - 1756-6053 VL - 64 IS - 3 SP - 681 EP - 692 PB - SAGE Publications CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschorn, Mira A1 - Kuhlmann, Stella Linnea A1 - Rieckmann, Nina A1 - Beer, Katja A1 - Grosse, Laura A1 - Arolt, Volker A1 - Waltenberger, Johannes A1 - Haverkamp, Wilhelm A1 - Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline A1 - Hellweg, Rainer A1 - Ströhle, Andreas T1 - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, depressive symptoms and somatic comorbidity in patients with coronary heart disease T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Objective: Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are highly comorbid conditions. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in cardiovascular processes. Depressed patients typically show decreased BDNF concentrations. We analysed the relationship between BDNF and depression in a sample of patients with CHD and additionally distinguished between cognitive-affective and somatic depression symptoms. We also investigated whether BDNF was associated with somatic comorbidity burden, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: The following variables were assessed for 225 hospitalised patients with CHD: BDNF concentrations, depression [Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)], somatic comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index), CHF, ACS, platelet count, smoking status and antidepressant treatment. Results: Regression models revealed that BDNF was not associated with severity of depression. Although depressed patients (PHQ-9 score >7) had significantly lower BDNF concentrations compared to non-depressed patients (p = 0.04), this was not statistically significant after controlling for confounders (p = 0.15). Cognitive-affective symptoms and somatic comorbidity burden each closely missed a statistically significant association with BDNF concentrations (p = 0.08, p = 0.06, respectively). BDNF was reduced in patients with CHF (p = 0.02). There was no covariate-adjusted, significant association between BDNF and ACS. Conclusion: Serum BDNF concentrations are associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. Somatic comorbidities should be considered when investigating the relationship between depression and BDNF. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 850 KW - depression KW - BDNF KW - coronary heart disease KW - heart failure KW - somatic comorbidity KW - acute coronary syndrome Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-557315 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tschorn, Mira A1 - Kuhlmann, Stella Linnea A1 - Rieckmann, Nina A1 - Beer, Katja A1 - Grosse, Laura A1 - Arolt, Volker A1 - Waltenberger, Johannes A1 - Haverkamp, Wilhelm A1 - Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline A1 - Hellweg, Rainer A1 - Ströhle, Andreas T1 - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, depressive symptoms and somatic comorbidity in patients with coronary heart disease JF - Acta Neuropsychiatrica N2 - Objective: Depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are highly comorbid conditions. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in cardiovascular processes. Depressed patients typically show decreased BDNF concentrations. We analysed the relationship between BDNF and depression in a sample of patients with CHD and additionally distinguished between cognitive-affective and somatic depression symptoms. We also investigated whether BDNF was associated with somatic comorbidity burden, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: The following variables were assessed for 225 hospitalised patients with CHD: BDNF concentrations, depression [Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)], somatic comorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index), CHF, ACS, platelet count, smoking status and antidepressant treatment. Results: Regression models revealed that BDNF was not associated with severity of depression. Although depressed patients (PHQ-9 score >7) had significantly lower BDNF concentrations compared to non-depressed patients (p = 0.04), this was not statistically significant after controlling for confounders (p = 0.15). Cognitive-affective symptoms and somatic comorbidity burden each closely missed a statistically significant association with BDNF concentrations (p = 0.08, p = 0.06, respectively). BDNF was reduced in patients with CHF (p = 0.02). There was no covariate-adjusted, significant association between BDNF and ACS. Conclusion: Serum BDNF concentrations are associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. Somatic comorbidities should be considered when investigating the relationship between depression and BDNF. KW - depression KW - BDNF KW - coronary heart disease KW - heart failure KW - somatic comorbidity KW - acute coronary syndrome Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2020.31 SN - 1601-5215 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 22 EP - 30 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press CY - Cambridge ER -