TY - JOUR A1 - Haider, Hubert T1 - An anthropic principle in lieu of a “Universal Grammar” JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432590 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 363 EP - 381 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros T1 - Splits and Birds JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432578 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 335 EP - 341 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, Ina D. A1 - Schlesewsky, Matthias T1 - Is it a bird? Is it a mammal? BT - Perspectives on the learnability/trainability of new grammatical constructions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432534 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 275 EP - 286 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Titov, Elena T1 - Accusative Unaccusatives BT - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432515 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 243 EP - 256 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bayer, Josef T1 - On uninterpretable features JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432507 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 231 EP - 241 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Féry, Caroline A1 - Arnhold, Anja T1 - Verum focus and negation JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432356 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 213 EP - 229 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Šimík, Radek T1 - On doubling unconditionals JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432267 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 155 EP - 169 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Gereon T1 - Can unaccusative verbs undergo passivization in German? JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432257 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 135 EP - 154 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Błaszczak, Joanna T1 - Why is a predicate inversion analysis problematic? BT - Insights from existential, locative and possessive constructions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432240 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 119 EP - 133 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bacskai-Atkari, Julia T1 - Towards a Fanselownian analysis of degree expressions JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432222 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 95 EP - 106 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cavar, Damir T1 - Measuring lexical semantic variation using word embeddings JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432201 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 61 EP - 74 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stiebels, Barbara T1 - Bienenfresserortungsversuch BT - compounding with clause-embedding heads JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431921 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 15 EP - 26 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Olsen, Susan T1 - The instrumental -er suffix JF - Of trees and birds. A Festschrift for Gisbert Fanselow KW - Festschrift KW - Informationsstruktur KW - Linguistik KW - Morphologie KW - Syntax KW - festschrift KW - information structure KW - linguistics KW - morphology KW - syntax Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430607 SN - 978-3-86956-457-9 SP - 3 EP - 14 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Korat, Omer ED - Grubic, Mira ED - Mucha, Anne T1 - Singular quantified terms JF - Proceedings of the Semantics of African, Asian and Austronesian Languages (TripleA) 2 N2 - In this paper, I discuss the behavior of singular partitives, focusing on Hebrew. I show that group noun-headed singular quantified terms behave essentially different from other singular quantified terms. Specifically, the domain of quantification in the former is a discrete set (the members of the group), while in the latter the domain of quantification is a set of mass entities. I propose a preliminary analysis of singular quantified terms in Hebrew, respecting the properties peculiar to this language as well as the observations about group vs. non-group singular quantified terms. This analysis is based on a novel class of quantifiers I name ’Measure Quantifiers’, which instantiate relations between algebraic sums. Using shifts between algebraic sums, we can represent the different readings of singular and plural individual or group terms. Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92313 SP - 36 EP - 51 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hsieh, I-Ta Chris A1 - Shen, Zheng ED - Grubic, Mira ED - Mucha, Anne T1 - The ‘Associative Reading’ of DPs and the quantity vs. quality distinction JF - Proceedings of the Semantics of African, Asian and Austronesian Languages (TripleA) 2 N2 - This paper investigates an unnoticed difference in Mandarin between the Q-adjectives and the gradable adjectives of quality and shows that this observation follows straightforwardly from a theory that differentiates gradable predication of quantity and that of quality (e.g., Rett 2008; Lin 2014; Solt 2015; a.o.). Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92304 SP - 18 EP - 35 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bowler, Margit ED - Grubic, Mira ED - Mucha, Anne T1 - The status of degrees in Warlpiri JF - Proceedings of the Semantics of African, Asian and Austronesian Languages (TripleA) 2 N2 - Recent work in semantics has shown that languages can vary in whether or not they include degrees (that is, elements of type < d >) in their semantic ontology. Several authors have argued that their languages of study lack degrees, including Bochnak (2013) for Washo (isolate, USA), Pearson (2009) for Fijian (Austronesian, Fiji), and Beck, et al. (2009) for Motu (Austronesian, Papua New Guinea). In this paper, I follow the tests proposed in Beck, et al. (2009) to assess the status of degrees in Warlpiri (Pama-Nyungan, Australia). I use Warlpiri data collected following the Beck, et al. survey to argue that Warlpiri gradable predicates do not combine with a degree argument. (Like many other Australian languages, adjectival concepts like big and small are expressed using nouns in Warlpiri (Dixon 1982, Bittner & Hale 1995, among others). I refer to these lexical items as “gradable predicates” in this paper.) This paper represents a first pass at assessing the status of degrees in an Australian language, which have otherwise been unexamined from the point of view of degree semantics. Y1 - 2016 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-92295 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - THES A1 - Patterson, Clare T1 - The role of structural and discourse-level cues during pronoun resolution T1 - Zur Rolle von struktureller und diskursbasierter Information während der Pronomenverarbeitung N2 - Pronoun resolution normally takes place without conscious effort or awareness, yet the processes behind it are far from straightforward. A large number of cues and constraints have previously been recognised as playing a role in the identification and integration of potential antecedents, yet there is considerable debate over how these operate within the resolution process. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how the parser handles multiple antecedents in order to understand more about how certain information sources play a role during pronoun resolution. I consider how both structural information and information provided by the prior discourse is used during online processing. This is investigated through several eye tracking during reading experiments that are complemented by a number of offline questionnaire experiments. I begin by considering how condition B of the Binding Theory (Chomsky 1981; 1986) has been captured in pronoun processing models; some researchers have claimed that processing is faithful to syntactic constraints from the beginning of the search (e.g. Nicol and Swinney 1989), while others have claimed that potential antecedents which are ruled out on structural grounds nonetheless affect processing, because the parser must also pay attention to a potential antecedent’s features (e.g. Badecker and Straub 2002). My experimental findings demonstrate that the parser is sensitive to the subtle changes in syntactic configuration which either allow or disallow pronoun reference to a local antecedent, and indicate that the parser is normally faithful to condition B at all stages of processing. Secondly, I test the Primitives of Binding hypothesis proposed by Koornneef (2008) based on work by Reuland (2001), which is a modular approach to pronoun resolution in which variable binding (a semantic relationship between pronoun and antecedent) takes place before coreference. I demonstrate that a variable-binding (VB) antecedent is not systematically considered earlier than a coreference (CR) antecedent online. I then go on to explore whether these findings could be attributed to the linear order of the antecedents, and uncover a robust recency preference both online and offline. I consider what role the factor of recency plays in pronoun resolution and how it can be reconciled with the first-mention advantage (Gernsbacher and Hargreaves 1988; Arnold 2001; Arnold et al., 2007). Finally, I investigate how aspects of the prior discourse affect pronoun resolution. Prior discourse status clearly had an effect on pronoun resolution, but an antecedent’s appearance in the previous context was not always facilitative; I propose that this is due to the number of topic switches that a reader must make, leading to a lack of discourse coherence which has a detrimental effect on pronoun resolution. The sensitivity of the parser to structural cues does not entail that cue types can be easily separated into distinct sequential stages, and I therefore propose that the parser is structurally sensitive but not modular. Aspects of pronoun resolution can be captured within a parallel constraints model of pronoun resolution, however, such a model should be sensitive to the activation of potential antecedents based on discourse factors, and structural cues should be strongly weighted. N2 - Pronomenauflösung erfolgt normalerweise scheinbar mühelos und ohne bewusste Anstrengung. Jedoch ist die Verarbeitung von pronominalen Referenzen aus linguistischer Sicht ein hochkomplexer Prozess. Durch unterschiedliche wissenschaftliche Studien wurden bereits zahlreiche Faktoren ermittelt, die bei der Pronomenauflösung eine Rolle spielen, allerdings herrscht weitgehend noch keine Einigkeit darüber, wie genau diese Faktoren die Verarbeitung von Pronomen beeinflussen. Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es zu untersuchen, wie der Leser/Hörer mit Pronomen umgeht, denen mehrere Antezedenten zugeordnet werden können, um zu verstehen, welche Rolle bestimmte Informationsquellen in der Verarbeitung von Pronomen spielen. Besondere Beachtung findet dabei, wie strukturelle Eigenschaften sowie Informationen aus dem vorangegangenen Diskurs für die Suche nach einem passenden Antezedenten benutzt werden. Die angewandte Untersuchungsmethode der vorliegenden Dissertation ist Eye-tracking during reading, ergänzt mit verschiedenen offline-Fragebögen. Die Experimente erforschen die Rolle der folgenden Aspekte in der Verarbeitung von Pronomen: Prinzip B der Bindungstheorie (Chomsky 1981; 1986), Koreferenz und Variablenbindung laut der Primitives of Binding Hypothese (Reuland 2001, Koornneef 2008), Antezedentenreihenfolge im Satz, und Diskursstatus des Antezedents. Obwohl es zeigt sich, dass der Hörer/Leser sensibel für subtile Veränderungen in der syntaktischen Konfiguration ist, wie z.B. für die Reihenfolge der Antezedenten im Satz und für den Diskursstatus des Antezedenten, gibt es keinen Nachweis dafür, dass Variablenbindung zeitlich vor Koreferenz erfolgt. Einige Aspekte der Auflösung pronominaler Referenzen können in einem parallel constraints model erfasst werden, allerdings sollte so ein Modell strukturelle Informationen stark gewichten und sensitiv sein für die Aktivierung potenzieller Antezedenten aufgrund von Diskursfaktoren. KW - Pronomen KW - Anaphora KW - Psycholinguistik KW - Pronouns KW - anaphora KW - psycholinguistics KW - Binding Theory KW - Centering Theory Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-71280 ER - TY - THES A1 - Ritz, Julia T1 - Discourse-givenness of noun phrases : theoretical and computational models T1 - Diskursgegebenheit von Nominalphrasen : theoretische und komputationelle Modelle N2 - This thesis gives formal definitions of discourse-givenness, coreference and reference, and reports on experiments with computational models of discourse-givenness of noun phrases for English and German. Definitions are based on Bach's (1987) work on reference, Kibble and van Deemter's (2000) work on coreference, and Kamp and Reyle's Discourse Representation Theory (1993). For the experiments, the following corpora with coreference annotation were used: MUC-7, OntoNotes and ARRAU for Englisch, and TueBa-D/Z for German. As for classification algorithms, they cover J48 decision trees, the rule based learner Ripper, and linear support vector machines. New features are suggested, representing the noun phrase's specificity as well as its context, which lead to a significant improvement of classification quality. N2 - Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt formale Definitionen der Konzepte Diskursgegebenheit, Koreferenz und Referenz. Zudem wird über Experimente berichtet, Nominalphrasen im Deutschen und Englischen hinsichtlich ihrer Diskursgegebenheit zu klassifizieren. Die Definitionen basieren auf Arbeiten von Bach (1987) zu Referenz, Kibble und van Deemter (2000) zu Koreferenz und der Diskursrepräsentationstheorie (Kamp und Reyle, 1993). In den Experimenten wurden die koreferenzannotierten Korpora MUC-7, OntoNotes und ARRAU (Englisch) und TüBa-D/Z (Deutsch) verwendet. Sie umfassen die Klassifikationsalgorithmen J48 (Entscheidungsbäume), Ripper (regelbasiertes Lernen) und lineare Support Vector Machines. Mehrere neue Klassifikationsmerkmale werden vorgeschlagen, die die Spezifizität der Nominalphrase messen, sowie ihren Kontext abbilden. Mit Hilfe dieser Merkmale kann eine signifikante Verbesserung der Klassifikation erreicht werden. KW - Diskursgegebenheit KW - Klassifikator KW - Koreferenz KW - Kontext KW - tf-idf KW - discourse-givenness KW - classifier KW - coreference KW - context KW - tf-idf Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-70818 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogel, Ralf T1 - Dialectal variation in German 3-verb clusters BT - looking for the best analysis JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Content: 1 The Typology 1.1 Object Placement 2 Treatment of StG in terms of LF Movement – with and without Head Movement 3 An OT-solution in terms of linearisation (‘LF-to-PF-Mapping’) 3.1 The trigger for additional orders: Focus 3.2 Competitions 3.3 Summary 4 RP 4.1 LF Movement – with and without Head Movement 4.2 The OT-account for RP 4.3 Competitions 5 Summary Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32516 SN - 1864-1857 SN - 1616-7392 VL - 22 SP - 83 EP - 118 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meinunger, André T1 - Interface restrictions on verb second JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Content: 0 Introduction 1 Elements that block verb raising – a discussion 1.1 Haider’s observation 1.2 The other constructions 1.3 A possible explanation 1.4 Riemsdijk’s grafting approach as a possible alternative? 1.5 Intermediate Summary 2 Parsing problems with speech act adverbials in the pre-field Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32502 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 VL - 22 SP - 51 EP - 81 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert T1 - Münchhausen-style head movement and the analysis of verb second JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Content: 1 Introduction 2 A restrictive theory of head movement 2.1 Preliminary Remarks 2.2 Theoretical Problems of Head Movement 2.3 Remnant Phrasal Movement 2.4 Münchhausen Style Head Movement 3 Verb Second Movement 3.1 Introductory Remarks 3.2 Problems of V/2 constructions: Does V really move to Comp? 3.3 The preverbal position 3.4 The Second Position 4 References Y1 - 2004 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32497 SN - 1864-1857 SN - 1616-7392 VL - 22 SP - 9 EP - 49 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogel, Ralf A1 - Zugck, Marco T1 - Counting Markedness BT - a corpus investigation on German free relative constructions JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - This paper reports the results of a corpus investigation on case conflicts in German argument free relative constructions. We investigate how corpus frequencies reflect the relative markedness of free relative and correlative constructions, the relative markedness of different case conflict configurations, and the relative markedness of different conflict resolution strategies. Section 1 introduces the conception of markedness as used in Optimality Theory. Section 2 introduces the facts about German free relative clauses, and section 3 presents the results of the corpus study. By and large, markedness and frequency go hand in hand. However, configurations at the highest end of the markedness scale rarely show up in corpus data, and for the configuration at the lowest end we found an unexpected outcome: the more marked structure is preferred. Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32476 SN - 1864-1857 SN - 1616-7392 VL - 21 SP - 105 EP - 122 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogel, Ralf A1 - Frisch, Stefan T1 - The resolution of case conflicts BT - a pilot study JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - This paper reports the results of a pilot study on the resolution of case conflicts in German free relative constructions. Section 1 gives a brief introduction into the phenomenon, section 2 presents the experiment and its results, section 3 ends the paper with a brief more general discussion. Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32466 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 VL - 21 SP - 91 EP - 103 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fischer, Susann T1 - Partitive vs. Genitive in Russian and Polish BT - an empirical study on case alternation in the object domain JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - The present paper addresses a current view in the psycholinguistic literature that case exhibits processing properties distinct from those of other morphological features such as number (cf. Fodor & Inoue, 2000; Meng & Bader, 2000a/b). In a speeded-acceptability judgement experiment, we show that the low performance previously found for case in contrast to number violations is limited to nominative case, whereas violations involving accusative and dative are judged more accurately. The data thus do not support the proposal that case per se is associated with special properties (in contrast to other features such as number) in reanalysis processes. Rather, there are significant judgement differences between the object cases accusative and dative on the one hand and the subject nominative case on the other. This may be explained by the fact that nominative has a specific status in German (and many other languages) as a default case. Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32457 SN - 1616-7392 IS - 21 SP - 73 EP - 89 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlesewsky, Matthias A1 - Frisch, Stefan T1 - Nominative case as a multidimensional default JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - The present paper addresses a current view in the psycholinguistic literature that case exhibits processing properties distinct from those of other morphological features such as number (cf. Fodor & Inoue, 2000; Meng & Bader, 2000a/b). In a speeded-acceptability judgement experiment, we show that the low performance previously found for case in contrast to number violations is limited to nominative case, whereas violations involving accusative and dative are judged more accurately. The data thus do not support the proposal that case per se is associated with special properties (in contrast to other features such as number) in reanalysis processes. Rather, there are significant judgement differences between the object cases accusative and dative on the one hand and the subject nominative case on the other. This may be explained by the fact that nominative has a specific status in German (and many other languages) as a default case. Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32447 SN - 1616-7392 IS - 21 SP - 61 EP - 72 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlesewsky, Matthias A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert A1 - Frisch, Stefan T1 - Case as a trigger for reanalysis BT - some arguments from the processing of double case ungrammaticalities in German JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - In the recent literature there is a hypothesis that the human parser uses number and case information in different ways to resolve an initially incorrect case assignment. This paper investigates what role morphological case information plays during the parser’s detection of an ungrammaticality or its recognition that a reanalysis is necessary. First, we compare double nominative with double accusative ungrammaticalities in a word by word, speeded grammaticality task and in this way show that only double nominatives lead to a so-called ”illusion of grammaticality” (a low rate of ungrammaticality detection). This illusion was found to disappear when the second argument was realized by a pronoun rather than by a full definite determiner phrase, i.e. when the saliency of the second argument was increased. Thus, the accuracy in recognizing an ungrammaticality induced by the case feature of the second argument is dependent on the type of this argument. Furthermore, we found that the accuracy in detecting such case ungrammaticalities is distance sensitive insofar as a shorter distance leads to a higher accuracy. The results are taken as support for an ”expectationdriven” parse strategy in which the way the parser uses the information of a current input item depends on the expectation resulting from the parse carried out so far. By contrast, ”input-driven” parse strategies, such as the diagnosis model (Fodor & Inoue, 1999) are unable to explain the data presented here. Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32431 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 21 SP - 31 EP - 60 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kügler, Frank T1 - Do we know the answer? BT - variation in yes-no-question intonation JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Content: 1. Introduction 2. The corpus 2.1 Subjects 2.2 Recordings 2.3 Data processing 2.4 Materials 3. Intonation in Upper Saxon German yes-no-questions 4. Intonational variation and information structure 5. Conclusions and discussion Y1 - 2003 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32424 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 21 SP - 9 EP - 29 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vikner, Sten A1 - Engels, Eva T1 - An optimality-theoretic analysis of scandinavian object shift and remnant VP-topicalisation JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Holmberg (1997, 1999) assumes that Holmberg's generalisation (HG) is derivational, prohibiting Object Shift (OS) across an intervening non-adverbial element at any point in the derivation. Counterexamples to this hypothesis are given in Fox & Pesetsky (2005) which show that remnant VP-topicalisations are possible in Scandinavian as long as the VP-internal order relations are maintained. Extending the empirical basis concerning remnant VP-topicalisations, we argue that HG and the restrictions on object stranding result from the same, more general condition on order preservation. Considering this condition to be violable and to interact with various constraints on movement in an Optimality-theoretic fashion, we suggest an account for various asymmetries in the interaction between remnant VP-topicalisations and both OS and other movement operations (especially subject raising) as to their order preserving characteristics and stranding abilities. KW - Object Shift KW - VP-topicalisation KW - Order preservation Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32359 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 195 EP - 231 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Broekhuis, Hans T1 - Derivations (MP) and evaluations (OT) JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - The main claim of this paper is that the minimalist framework and optimality theory adopt more or less the same architecture of grammar: both assume that a generator defines a set S of potentially well-formed expressions that can be generated on the basis of a given input, and that there is an evaluator that selects the expressions from S that are actually grammatical in a given language L. The paper therefore proposes a model of grammar in which the strengths of the two frameworks are combined: more specifically, it is argued that the computational system of human language CHL from MP creates a set S of potentially well-formed expressions, and that these are subsequently evaluated in an optimality theoretic fashion. KW - Minimalist Program KW - Optimality Theory KW - Derivation-and-Evaluation model KW - Object Shift Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32347 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 137 EP - 193 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vogel, Ralf T1 - The simple generator JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - I argue that the shift of explanatory burden from the generator to the evaluator in OT syntax – together with the difficulties that arise when we try to formulate a working theory of the interfaces of syntax – leads to a number of assumptions about syntactic structures in OT which are quite different from those typical of minimalist syntax: formal features, as driving forces behind syntactic movement, are useless, and derivational and representational economy are problematic for both empirical and conceptual reasons. The notion of markedness, central in Optimality Theory, is not fully compatible with the idea of synactic economy. Even more so, seemingly obvious cases of blocking by structural economy do not seem to result from grammar proper, but reflect (economical) aspects of language use. KW - OT syntax KW - generator KW - markedness KW - syntax-semantics interface KW - syntax-phonology interface Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32338 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 99 EP - 136 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Samek-Ludovici, Vieri T1 - Optimality theory and the minimalist program JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Content: 1 Introduction 2 Crosslinguistic Variation 3 Constraint Conflict 3.1 Conflict between Prosody and Syntax 3.2 Conflict between Economy Principles 4 OT and Minimalism Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32328 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 77 EP - 97 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Soschen, Alona T1 - Natural law BT - the dynamics of syntactic representations in MP JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - This work concentrates on the requirements of the computational system of HL, by developing the idea that Natural Law applies to universal syntactic principles. The systems of efficient growth are for the continuation of motion and maximal distance between the elements. The condition of maximization accounts for the properties of syntactic trees - binary branching, labeling, and the EPP. NL justifies the basic principle of organization in Merge: it provides a functional explanation of phase formation and thematic domains. In Optimality Theory, it accounts for the selection of a particular word order in languages. A comprehensive and definitive understanding of the principles underlying MP will eventually lead to a more advanced design of OT. KW - minimalism KW - optimality KW - Natural Law KW - phases KW - applicatives Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32316 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 43 EP - 76 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grimshwa, Jane T1 - Last resorts and grammaticality JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - A “last resort” is argued to be nothing more than a winning, i.e. grammatical form, once it is understood in terms of competition between alternative candidates. It is a theorem of OT that we find last resort effects, since it follows from the nature of competition and constraint interaction. KW - Economy KW - Optimality Theory KW - Competition Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32302 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 33 EP - 41 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hacken, Pius ten T1 - The nature, use and origin of explanatory adequacy JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - If we want to compare the explanatory and descriptive adequacy of the MP and OT, the original definitions by Chomsky (1964) are or little direct use. However, a relativized version of both notions can be defined, which can be used to express a number of parallels between the study of individual I-languages and the language faculty. In any version of explanatory and descriptive adequacy, the two notions derive from the research programme and can only be achieved together. They can therefore not be used to characterize the difference in orientation between OT and the MP. Even if ‘OT’ is restricted to a particular theory in Chomskyan linguistics (to the exclusion of, for instance, its use in LFG), it cannot be said to be stronger in descriptive adequacy than in explanatory adequacy in the technical sense of these terms. KW - Levels of adequacy KW - Chomskyan linguistics KW - research programme KW - Minimalist Program KW - Optimality Theory Y1 - 2006 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32297 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 25 SP - 9 EP - 32 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grove, Kyle Wade A1 - Putnam, Mike T1 - Deriving pairedness in vP structure BT - minimalist yet optimal JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Minimalist accounts lack a natural theory of markedness, whereas Optimality-Theoretical accounts fundamentally encode markedness. We think the duality of interfaces assumed in Minimalism is a step towards explaining pairedness behavior, where a given language exhibits a marked/ unmarked pair of items occupying the same niche. We argue that while Minimalism articulates the derivational aspect of language, and underlies grammaticality, an Optimality Theoretic articulation of PF and LF is conceptually natural and explains pairedness behavior. We adopt this ‘hybrid’ account, first, to explain the existence of marked (often termed ‘reflexive’) and unmarked anticausatives in German, recently studied in depth by Sch¨afer [2007]. Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32284 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 28 SP - 187 EP - 210 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Komen, Erwin R. T1 - Branching constraints JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Rejecting approaches with a directionality parameter, mainstream minimalism has adopted the notion of strict (or unidirectional) branching. Within optimality theory however, constraints have recently been proposed that presuppose that the branching direction scheme is language specific. I show that a syntactic analysis of Chechen word order and relative clauses using strict branching and movement triggered by feature checking seems very unlikely, whereas a directionality approach works well. I argue in favor of a mixed directionality approach for Chechen, where the branching direction scheme depends on the phrase type. This observation leads to the introduction of context variants of existing markedness constraints, in order to describe the branching processes in terms of optimality theory. The paper discusses how and where the optimality theory selection of the branching directions can be implemented within a minimalist derivation. KW - minimalist program KW - optimality theory KW - focus KW - branching KW - extraposition KW - Chechen Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32273 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 28 SP - 157 EP - 186 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nunes, Jairo T1 - Preposition insertion in the mapping from spell-out to PF JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - This paper discusses three case studies on the realization of spurious prepositions and argues that they illustrate a general interaction of convergence requirements of the morphological component with an economy condition that enforces faithfulness between the lexical items present in the numeration and the lexical items present in the PF output. KW - dummy prepositions KW - inherent Case KW - syntax-phonology mapping KW - economy KW - Parallelism Requirement Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32262 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 28 SP - 133 EP - 156 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Salzmann, Martin T1 - Variation in resumption requires violable constraints BT - a case study in Alemannic relativization JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Variation in dative resumption among and within Alemannic varieties of German strongly favors an Evaluator component that makes use of optimality-theoretic evaluation rather than filters as in the Minimalist Program (MP). At the same time, the variation is restricted to realizational requirements. This supports a model of syntax like the Derivations and Evaluations framework (Broekhuis 2008) that combines a restrictive MP-style Generator with an Evaluator that includes ranked violable (interface) constraints. KW - resumption KW - Swiss German KW - variation KW - evaluator KW - Reference Set KW - Candidate Set KW - dative KW - constraints KW - oblique case KW - relative clauses Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32251 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 28 SP - 99 EP - 132 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaden, Gerhard T1 - Say hello to markedness JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - In this paper, it will be shown that Bi-directional Optimality Theory (BOT) runs into problems of undergeneration when confronted with a certain class of partial-blocking phenomena. The empirical problem used to illustrate this is the cross-linguistic variation of one-step past-referring tenses. It will be argued that the well-known ‘present perfect puzzle’ is a sub-problem of it. The solution to the cross-linguistic variation of these tenses involves blocking of the marked tense. The relevant notion of ‘markedness’, while underivable synchronically, is argued to be linked to diachronic learning processes similar to those investigated by Benz (2006). Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32247 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 28 SP - 73 EP - 97 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Woolford, Ellen T1 - Aspect splits and parasitic marking JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - Aspect splits can affect agreement, Case, and even preposition insertion. This paper discusses the functional ‘why’ and the theoretical ‘how’ of aspect splits. Aspect splits are an economical way to mark aspect by preserving or suppressing some independent element in one aspect. In formal terms, they are produced in the same way as coda conditions in phonology, with positional/contextual faithfulness.This approach captures the additive effects of cross-cutting splits. Aspect splits are analyzed here from Hindi, Nepali, Yucatec Maya, Chontal, and Palauan. KW - split ergative KW - nepali KW - mayan KW - palauan KW - contextual markedness Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32236 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 28 SP - 39 EP - 72 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zeijlstra, Hedde T1 - Hard and soft conditions on the faculty of language BT - constituting parametric variation JF - Linguistics in Potsdam N2 - In this paper I argue that both parametric variation and the alleged differences between languages in terms of their internal complexity straightforwardly follow from the Strongest Minimalist Thesis that takes the Faculty of Language (FL) to be an optimal solution to conditions that neighboring mental modules impose on it. In this paper I argue that hard conditions like legibility at the linguistic interfaces invoke simplicity metrices that, given that they stem from different mental modules, are not harmonious. I argue that widely attested expression strategies, such as agreement or movement, are a direct result of conflicting simplicity metrices, and that UG, perceived as a toolbox that shapes natural language, can be taken to consist of a limited number of markings strategies, all resulting from conflicting simplicity metrices. As such, the contents of UG follow from simplicity requirements, and therefore no longer necessitate linguistic principles, valued or unvalued, to be innately present. Finally, I show that the SMT does not require that languages themselves have to be optimal in connecting sound to meaning. KW - Parameters KW - Simplicity KW - Complexity KW - Uninterpretablity KW - Agreement KW - Movement Y1 - 2009 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-32221 SN - 1616-7392 SN - 1864-1857 IS - 28 SP - 9 EP - 38 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tomioka, Satoshi ED - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Petrova, Svetlana ED - Schwarz, Anne T1 - Intervention effects in focus BT - from a Japanese point of view JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632 N2 - The most recent trend in the studies of LF intervention effects makes crucial reference to focusing effects on the interveners, and this paper critically examines the representative analyses of the focus-based approach. While each analysis has its own merits and shortcomings, I argue that a pragmatic analysis that does not make appeal to syntactic configurations is better equipped to deal with many of the complex and delicate facts surrounding intervention effects. KW - Intervention Effect KW - Alternative Semantics KW - Whinterrogatives KW - Focus KW - Topic KW - Post-Focus Reduction Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24502 SN - 1866-4725 SN - 1614-4708 VL - 9 SP - 97 EP - 118 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Petrova, Svetlana ED - Schwarz, Anne T1 - Intonation of sentences with an NPI JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632 N2 - This paper presents the results of a production experiment on the intonation of sentences containing a negative polarity item (NPI) in Tokyo Japanese. The results show that NPI sentences exhibit a focus intonation: the F₀-peak of the word to which an NPI is attached is raised, while the pitch contour after the NPI-attached word is compressed until the negation. This intonation pattern is parallel to that of wh-question, in which the F₀ of the wh-phrase is raised while the post-wh-contour is compressed until the question particle. KW - Japanese KW - negative polarity item (NPI) KW - focus intonation KW - wh-question Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24497 SN - 1866-4725 SN - 1614-4708 VL - 9 SP - 65 EP - 96 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kitagawa, Yoshihisa ED - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Petrova, Svetlana ED - Schwarz, Anne T1 - When we fail to question in Japanese JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632 N2 - When we pay close attention to the prosody of Wh-questions in Japanese, we discover many novel and interesting empirical puzzles that would require us to devise a much finer syntactic component of grammar. This paper addresses the issues that pose some problems to such an elaborated grammar, and offers solutions, making an appeal to the information structure and sentence processing involved in the interpretation of interrogative and focus constructions. KW - focus KW - (implicit) prosody KW - information structure KW - processing KW - Wh-question Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24481 SN - 1866-4725 SN - 1614-4708 VL - 9 SP - 29 EP - 64 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kubozono, Haruo ED - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Petrova, Svetlana ED - Schwarz, Anne T1 - Focus and intonation in Japanese BT - Does focus trigger pitch reset? JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632 N2 - This paper discusses how focus changes prosodic structure in Tokyo Japanese. It is generally believed that focus blocks the intonational process of downstep and causes a pitch reset. This paper presents experimental evidence against this traditional view by looking at the prosodic behavior of Wh words, which receive focus lexically in Japanese as in other languages. It is demonstrated, specifically, that the focused Wh element does not block downstep although it receives a much higher pitch than its preceding element. This suggests that presence of lexical focus does not trigger pitch reset in Japanese. KW - Focus KW - Intonation KW - Japanese KW - Pitch Reset KW - Downstep Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-24472 SN - 1866-4725 SN - 1614-4708 VL - 9 SP - 1 EP - 27 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - BOOK ED - Ishihara, Shinichiro ED - Petrova, Svetlana ED - Schwarz, Anne T1 - Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Prosody, Syntax, and Information Structure (WPSI 2) N2 - This volume contains the proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Prosody, Syntax, and Information Structure (WPSI2), held at University of Potsdam on March 18, 2005. WPSI 2 was aimed to discuss issues on the interaction of prosody, syntax, and information structure, from interdisciplinary points of view. The contributors (Haruo Kubozono, Shinichiro Ishihara, Yoshihisa Kitagawa, and Satoshi Tomioka) have been recently working on relevant issues, especially looking at the phenomena related to the intonation of focus and (wh-)questions in Japanese. T3 - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS ; working papers of the SFB 632 - 9 KW - syntax KW - prosody KW - information structure KW - interface KW - Japanese Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22234 SN - 1866-4725 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Götze, Michael A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Endriss, Cornelia A1 - Fiedler, Ines A1 - Hinterwimmer, Stefan A1 - Petrova, Svetlana A1 - Schwarz, Anne A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros A1 - Stoel, Ruben T1 - Information structure JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for Information Structure include instructions for the annotation of Information Status (or ‘givenness’), Topic, and Focus, building upon a basic syntactic annotation of nominal phrases and sentences. A procedure for the annotation of these features is proposed. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22277 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 147 EP - 187 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Endriss, Cornelia A1 - Hinterwimmer, Stefan A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros T1 - Semantics JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for semantics comprise a number of layers related to quantificational structures as well as some crucial semantic properties of NPs with respect to information structure: definiteness, countability, and animacy. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22265 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 135 EP - 145 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaszczak, Joanna A1 - Dipper, Stefanie A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert A1 - Ishihara, Shinishiro A1 - Petrova, Svetlana A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Zimmermann, Malte T1 - Syntax JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for syntactic annotation contain the layers that are especially relevant for queries related to the interaction of information structure with syntax. The layers of this level are constituent structure, grammatical functions, and semantic roles. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22253 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 95 EP - 133 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blaszczak, Joanna A1 - Dipper, Stefanie A1 - Fanselow, Gisbert A1 - Ishihara, Shinishiro A1 - Petrova, Svetlana A1 - Skopeteas, Stavros A1 - Weskott, Thomas A1 - Zimmermann, Malte T1 - Morphology JF - Interdisciplinary studies on information structure : ISIS N2 - The guidelines for morphological annotation contain the layers that are necessary for understanding the structure of the words in the object language: morphological segmentation, glossing, and annotation of part-of-speech. Y1 - 2007 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-22247 SN - 1614-4708 SN - 1866-4725 IS - 7 SP - 55 EP - 94 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER -