TY - GEN A1 - Bruechner, Dominik A1 - Renz, Jan A1 - Klingbeil, Mandy T1 - Creating a Framework for User-Centered Development and Improvement of Digital Education T2 - Scale N2 - We investigate how the technology acceptance and learning experience of the digital education platform HPI Schul-Cloud (HPI School Cloud) for German secondary school teachers can be improved by proposing a user-centered research and development framework. We highlight the importance of developing digital learning technologies in a user-centered way to take differences in the requirements of educators and students into account. We suggest applying qualitative and quantitative methods to build a solid understanding of a learning platform's users, their needs, requirements, and their context of use. After concept development and idea generation of features and areas of opportunity based on the user research, we emphasize on the application of a multi-attribute utility analysis decision-making framework to prioritize ideas rationally, taking results of user research into account. Afterward, we recommend applying the principle build-learn-iterate to build prototypes in different resolutions while learning from user tests and improving the selected opportunities. Last but not least, we propose an approach for continuous short- and long-term user experience controlling and monitoring, extending existing web- and learning analytics metrics. KW - learning platform KW - user experience KW - evaluation KW - HPI Schul-Cloud KW - user research framework KW - user-centered design Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-1-4503-6804-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3330430.3333644 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klatt, Stefanie A1 - Noel, Benjamin A1 - Musculus, Lisa A1 - Werner, Karsten A1 - Laborde, Sylvain A1 - Lopes, Mariana Calabria A1 - Greco, Pablo J. A1 - Memmert, Daniel A1 - Raab, Markus T1 - Creative and Intuitive Decision-Making Processes: A Comparison of Brazilian and German Soccer Coaches and Players JF - Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport N2 - Purpose: The concepts of creativity and intuition have been well studied in isolation, but less is known about their distinctive contributions to option generation in decision making. Method: We examined the relation between creative and intuitive decision making in two studies-one involving coaches and one involving soccer players-using video footage of real soccer matches. Additionally, we analyzed whether this relation is culture generic or culture specific by conducting matched cross-cultural studies in a European and a South American country. Results: In Study 1, results indicate a conceptual overlap of creativity and intuition for Brazilian and German soccer coaches. Furthermore, coaches did not differ in their evaluation of creative and intuitive actions of players of both cultures. In Study 2, we found that for both subsamples the total number of generated options was positively correlated with the quality of the first and the final option and that the quality of players' first (intuitive) option was higher than that of options generated later. Moreover, results indicate a positive correlation between a player's creativity score and the quality of the first generated option for the whole sample. Conclusion: Overall, our findings provide meaningful information regarding athletes' and coaches' option-generation processes in decision making in complex team sports. KW - Choice KW - cognitive process KW - evaluation KW - soccer Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1642994 SN - 0270-1367 SN - 2168-3824 VL - 90 IS - 4 SP - 651 EP - 665 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Rolfes, Manfred A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Kohlstruck, Michael A1 - Bode, Dagmar ED - Rolfes, Manfred T1 - Das Handlungskonzept „Tolerantes Brandenburg“ im Fokus BT - Auseinandersetzungen mit Rechtsextremismus und Rechtspopulismus im Bundesland Brandenburg T3 - Potsdamer Geographische Praxis N2 - Dieser Band der Reihe „Potsdamer Geographische Praxis“ enthält drei Beiträge, die sich mit dem Handlungskonzept „Tolerantes Brandenburg“ der Brandenburgischen Landesregierung befassen. In allen Beiträgen wird auf der Grundlage empirischer Erhebungen analysiert, wie dieses Konzept zum Umgang mit Rechtsextremismus und Rechtspopulismus sowie zur Demokratieförderung in den letzten Jahren umgesetzt wurde. Die ersten beiden Beiträge haben die sogenannten Zukunftsdialoge „Tolerantes Brandenburg“ zum Gegenstand, die in den Jahren 2015 bis 2017 in allen kreisfreien Städten und Landkreisen Brandenburgs durchgeführt wurden. Der erste Beitrag von Schubarth, Kohlstruck und Rolfes beinhaltet die Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Beobachtung der Zukunftsdialoge; die Ergebnisse beruhen überwiegend auf teilnehmenden Beobachtungen der Zukunftsdialoge und qualitativen Interviews mit Teilnehmenden. Der zweite Beitrag von Bode und Rolfes basiert auf einer quantitativen Methodik und enthält die Auswertungen einer standardisierten Befragung der Teilnehmer/innen der Zukunftsdialoge. Die Ergebnisse beider Untersuchungen liefern wichtige Erkenntnisse und gute Ansatzpunkte, wie einerseits die Institutionen des Beratungsnetzwerks „Tolerantes Brandenburg“ und das Handlungskonzept auf lokaler Ebene eine größere Bekanntheit erlangen könnten und andererseits, welche Schritte hilfreich wären, um eine (noch) stärkere Verankerung des Handlungskonzeptes in den Regionen zu erreichen. Beim dritten Beitrag von Schubarth, Kohlstruck und Rolfes handelt es sich eine Expertise aus dem Jahr 2019. Der Beitrag liefert einen mehrdimensionalen Blick auf das Handlungskonzept aus unterschiedlichen internen wie externen Perspektiven. Dabei wird vor allem auf die gesellschaftlichen und politischen Veränderungen fokussiert, die sich seit 2014 im Handlungsfeld „Demokratiestärkung und Auseinandersetzung mit dem Rechtsextremismus“ ergeben haben. Grundlage der Expertise waren leitfadenzentrierte Interviews. T3 - Potsdamer Geographische Praxis - 15 KW - Rechtsextremismus KW - Rechtspopulismus KW - Demokratieförderung KW - Brandenburg KW - Tolerantes Brandenburg KW - Evaluation KW - right-wing extremism KW - right-wing populism KW - democracy-building KW - Brandenburg KW - evaluation Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-441418 SN - 978-3-86956-483-8 SN - 2194-1599 SN - 2194-1602 IS - 15 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bender, Benedict A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Alfa, Attahiru A1 - Maharaj, B. T. T1 - Design of a worldwide simulation system for distributed cyber-physical production networks T2 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC) N2 - Modern production infrastructures of globally operating companies usually consist of multiple distributed production sites. While the organization of individual sites consisting of Industry 4.0 components itself is demanding, new questions regarding the organization and allocation of resources emerge considering the total production network. In an attempt to face the challenge of efficient distribution and processing both within and across sites, we aim to provide a hybrid simulation approach as a first step towards optimization. Using hybrid simulation allows us to include real and simulated concepts and thereby benchmark different approaches with reasonable effort. A simulation concept is conceptualized and demonstrated qualitatively using a global multi-site example. KW - production networks KW - geographical distribution KW - task realization strategies KW - Industry 4.0 KW - simulation KW - evaluation Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-1-7281-3401-7 SN - 978-1-7281-3402-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2019.8792609 SN - 2334-315X PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - THES A1 - Perlich, Anja T1 - Digital collaborative documentation in mental healthcare T1 - Digitale Mittel zur kooperativen Dokumentation im Bereich der psychischen Gesundheit N2 - With the growth of information technology, patient attitudes are shifting – away from passively receiving care towards actively taking responsibility for their well- being. Handling doctor-patient relationships collaboratively and providing patients access to their health information are crucial steps in empowering patients. In mental healthcare, the implicit consensus amongst practitioners has been that sharing medical records with patients may have an unpredictable, harmful impact on clinical practice. In order to involve patients more actively in mental healthcare processes, Tele-Board MED (TBM) allows for digital collaborative documentation in therapist-patient sessions. The TBM software system offers a whiteboard-inspired graphical user interface that allows therapist and patient to jointly take notes during the treatment session. Furthermore, it provides features to automatically reuse the digital treatment session notes for the creation of treatment session summaries and clinical case reports. This thesis presents the development of the TBM system and evaluates its effects on 1) the fulfillment of the therapist’s duties of clinical case documentation, 2) patient engagement in care processes, and 3) the therapist-patient relationship. Following the design research methodology, TBM was developed and tested in multiple evaluation studies in the domains of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy and addiction care. The results show that therapists are likely to use TBM with patients if they have a technology-friendly attitude and when its use suits the treatment context. Support in carrying out documentation duties as well as fulfilling legal requirements contributes to therapist acceptance. Furthermore, therapists value TBM as a tool to provide a discussion framework and quick access to worksheets during treatment sessions. Therapists express skepticism, however, regarding technology use in patient sessions and towards complete record transparency in general. Patients expect TBM to improve the communication with their therapist and to offer a better recall of discussed topics when taking a copy of their notes home after the session. Patients are doubtful regarding a possible distraction of the therapist and usage in situations when relationship-building is crucial. When applied in a clinical environment, collaborative note-taking with TBM encourages patient engagement and a team feeling between therapist and patient. Furthermore, it increases the patient’s acceptance of their diagnosis, which in turn is an important predictor for therapy success. In summary, TBM has a high potential to deliver more than documentation support and record transparency for patients, but also to contribute to a collaborative doctor-patient relationship. This thesis provides design implications for the development of digital collaborative documentation systems in (mental) healthcare as well as recommendations for a successful implementation in clinical practice. N2 - Die Verbreitung von Informationstechnologie kann die Rolle von Patienten verändern: weg vom passiven Erhalt ärztlicher Zuwendung hin zur eigenverantwortlichen Mitwirkung an ihrer Genesung. Wesentliche Schritte zur Ermündigung von Patienten sind eine gute Zusammenarbeit mit dem behandelnden Arzt und der Zugang zu den eigenen Akten. Unter Psychotherapeuten gibt es jedoch einen impliziten Konsens darüber, dass die Einsicht in psychiatrische Akten unvorhersehbare, nachteilige Effekte auf die klinische Praxis hervorrufen könnte. Um auch Patienten aktiver an der Erhaltung und Wiederherstellung ihrer mentalen Gesundheit zu beteiligen, ermöglicht Tele-Board MED (TBM) das gemeinschaftliche Erstellen von digitalen Notizen. Diese Dissertation beschreibt die Entwicklung des TBM Software-Systems, das es Therapeut und Patient ermöglicht, gemeinsam während der Sitzung wie auf einem Whiteboard Notizen zu machen. Außerdem bietet TBM Funktionen, um auf Grundlage der digitalen Gesprächsnotizen automatisch Sitzungsprotokolle und klinische Fallberichte zu erstellen. Methodologisch basiert die Entwicklung und Evaluierung von TBM auf dem Paradigma für Design Research. Es wurden vielfältige Studien in den Bereichen der Verhaltens- und Suchttherapie durchgeführt, um die Auswirkungen auf folgende Aspekte zu evaluieren: 1) die Erfüllung der Dokumentationspflichten von Therapeuten, 2) das Engagement von Patienten in Behandlungsprozessen und 3) die Beziehung zwischen Patient und Therapeut. Die Studien haben gezeigt, dass Therapeuten dazu geneigt sind, TBM mit ihren Patienten zu nutzen, wenn sie technologie-freundlich eingestellt sind und wenn es zum Behandlungskontext passt. Zur Akzeptanz tragen auch die schnelle Erstellung von klinischen Dokumenten sowie die Erfüllung der gesetzlichen Forderung nach Aktentransparenz bei. Weiterhin schätzen Therapeuten TBM als Werkzeug, um Therapiegespräche zu strukturieren und während der Sitzung schnell auf Arbeitsblätter zuzugreifen. Therapeuten äußerten hingegen auch Skepsis gegenüber der Technologienutzung im Patientengespräch und vollständiger Aktentransparenz. Patienten erhoffen sich von TBM eine verbesserte Kommunikation mit ihrem Therapeuten und denken, dass sie sich besser an die Gesprächsinhalte erinnern können, wenn sie eine Kopie ihrer Akte erhalten. Patienten brachten Bedenken zum Ausdruck, TBM in Situationen zu nutzen, in denen der Beziehungsaufbau im Vordergrund steht, und darüber, dass Therapeuten sich abgelenkt fühlen könnten. Als TBM im klinischen Umfeld eingesetzt wurde, wurde ein erhöhtes Patientenengagement und ein gesteigertes Teamgefühl beobachtet. Außerdem stieg bei Patienten die Akzeptanz ihrer Diagnosen, welche wiederum ein wichtiger Prädiktor für Therapieerfolg ist. Zusammenfassend lässt sich festhalten, dass TBM großes Potential hat: Über die damit mögliche Dokumentationsunterstützung und Aktentransparenz hinaus wird auch die Zusammenarbeit von Therapeut und Patient unterstützt. Diese Dissertation fasst Kriterien zur Entwicklung von gemeinschaftlichen Dokumentationssystemen in der (psychischen) Gesundheitsfürsorge sowie Empfehlungen für eine erfolgreiche Implementierung in der klinischen Praxis zusammen. KW - medical documentation KW - psychotherapy KW - addiction care KW - computer-mediated therapy KW - digital whiteboard KW - patient empowerment KW - doctor-patient relationship KW - design research KW - user experience KW - evaluation KW - medizinische Dokumentation KW - Psychotherapie KW - Suchtberatung und -therapie KW - computervermittelte Therapie KW - digitales Whiteboard KW - Patientenermündigung KW - Arzt-Patient-Beziehung KW - Design-Forschung KW - User Experience KW - Evaluation Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-440292 ER - TY - THES A1 - Ullrich, André T1 - Eigenschaften wandlungsfähiger Systeme T1 - Characteristics of changeable systems BT - Erarbeitung eines Indikatorsystems BT - development of an indicator system N2 - Wandlungsfähigkeit beschreibt die Fähigkeit eines Systems, proaktiv oder reaktiv Maßnahmen für die Modifikation seiner Eigenschaften schnell und effizient zu entwickeln, umzusetzen und anzuwenden sowie sich proaktiv darauf vorzubereiten, inaktiv zu sein und passiv Einwirkungen aus der Umwelt zu tolerieren. Die Eigenschaften wandlungsfähiger Systeme werden häufig als Indikatoren (z.B. Modularität, Wissen) verwendet. Dabei existiert eine Vielzahl potenzieller Indikatoren, deren jeweilige Relevanz jedoch ungeklärt ist. Hier setzt die Zielstellung der vorliegenden Arbeit an. Das Erkenntnisziel ist die Erklärung der Wandlungsfähigkeit sozio-technischer Systeme. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein Erklärungsmodell der indikatorbasierten Wandlungsfähigkeit erstellt, das zum Nachweis von Wandlungsfähigkeit, zur Bewertung dieser sowie zur Systemanalyse genutzt werden kann. Weiterhin wird exemplarisch eine positive Korrelation von Wandlungsfähigkeit und Schnelligkeit sowie Effizienz bei Veränderungsprojekten nachgewiesen. N2 - Change capability describes the ability of a system to proactively or reactively develop, implement, and apply measures for the modification of its properties quickly and efficiently, as well as be proactively prepared to be inactive and passively tolerate environmental impacts. The properties of changeable systems are often used as indicators (e.g. modularity, knowledge) of change capability. Thus, diverse potential indicators exist. However, there is no reliable evidence of the relevance of any one in particular. This is exactly where the goal of this thesis sets in. The goal is the explanation of socio-technical systems’ change capability. For this purpose, an explanatory model of the indicator-based change capability is developed, that enables (1) empirical evidence of change capability, (2) evaluation of change capability, and (3) can be used for system analysis. Furthermore, an exemplary proof of a positive correlation between a system's high change capability and its high velocity and efficiency in implementing change projects is identified. KW - Bewertung KW - Systemanalyse KW - Wandlungsfähigkeit KW - change capability KW - evaluation KW - system analysis Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-95545-265-0 PB - GITO CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wilson, Charlie A1 - Guivarch, Céline A1 - Kriegler, Elmar A1 - van Ruijven, Bas A1 - van Vuuren, Detlef P. A1 - Krey, Volker A1 - Schwanitz, Valeria Jana A1 - Thompson, Erica L. T1 - Evaluating process-based integrated assessment models of climate change mitigation JF - Climatic change N2 - Process-based integrated assessment models (IAMs) project long-term transformation pathways in energy and land-use systems under what-if assumptions. IAM evaluation is necessary to improve the models’ usefulness as scientific tools applicable in the complex and contested domain of climate change mitigation. We contribute the first comprehensive synthesis of process-based IAM evaluation research, drawing on a wide range of examples across six different evaluation methods including historical simulations, stylised facts, and model diagnostics. For each evaluation method, we identify progress and milestones to date, and draw out lessons learnt as well as challenges remaining. We find that each evaluation method has distinctive strengths, as well as constraints on its application. We use these insights to propose a systematic evaluation framework combining multiple methods to establish the appropriateness, interpretability, credibility, and relevance of process-based IAMs as useful scientific tools for informing climate policy. We also set out a programme of evaluation research to be mainstreamed both within and outside the IAM community. KW - process-based integrated assessment model KW - IAM KW - evaluation KW - climate mitigation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-021-03099-9 SN - 0165-0009 SN - 1573-1480 VL - 166 IS - 1-2 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V. CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - THES A1 - Borković, Vladimir T1 - Evaluation kommunaler Sportprojekte zur sozialen Integration von Heranwachsenden T1 - Evaluation of community sports projects focusing on the social integration of adolescents N2 - Gegenstand der Studie ist die Evaluation eines kommunalen Sportprojekts. Die Forschungsarbeit entstand aus der wachsenden Erkenntnis heraus, dass es nicht mehr nur um die Entwicklung und Durchführung kommunaler oder sozialer Projekte geht, sondern zunehmend darauf ankommt, die Projektarbeit zu evaluieren, um ihren Einfluss auf die kommunale, soziale und personale Entwicklung zu prüfen und in der Folge die Implementierung zu optimieren. Die unterschiedlichen Schritte in der Definition des theoretischen Rahmens, der Datenanalyse sowie der Erarbeitung der evaluativen Empfehlungen wurden unternommen mit dem Anspruch auf Modellcharakter, um für zukünftige Evaluationsvorhaben entsprechende Standards zu setzen. Die Grundidee des kommunalen Sportprojekts „Straßenfußball für Toleranz“ ist innovativ: Mädchen und Jungen erobern durch gemeinsames Fußballspielen den öffentlichen Raum. Sie spielen ohne Schiedsrichter und nach speziellen Regeln. Das Projekt richtet sich ausdrücklich an sozial benachteiligte Jugendliche und bezieht gleichermaßen Jungen wie Mädchen ein. N2 - The objective of the study is the evaluation of a community sports project. The thesis originated from the growing perception that it is not only about initiating and implementing a communal or social project but that the focus is increasingly also on the evaluation of the project work in order to measure its impact on communal, social and personal development and to optimise the implementation as a consequence. The different steps in the definition of the theoretical framework, the data analysis as well as the formulation of the evaluative recommendations were conducted with the pretension to set standards for future evaluation projects. The basic concept of the community sports project “Street Football for Tolerance” is innovative: boys and girls jointly conquer public spaces by playing football. They play without a referee and according to special rules. The project explicitly reaches out to socially disadvantaged adolescents, with the aim that boys and girls are equally involved. KW - Evaluation KW - Sozialisation KW - soziale Integration KW - Straßenfußball KW - evaluation KW - socialisation KW - social integration KW - street football Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-48186 SN - 978-3-86956-051-9 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ghahremani, Sona A1 - Giese, Holger T1 - Evaluation of self-healing systems BT - An analysis of the state-of-the-art and required improvements JF - Computers N2 - Evaluating the performance of self-adaptive systems is challenging due to their interactions with often highly dynamic environments. In the specific case of self-healing systems, the performance evaluations of self-healing approaches and their parameter tuning rely on the considered characteristics of failure occurrences and the resulting interactions with the self-healing actions. In this paper, we first study the state-of-the-art for evaluating the performances of self-healing systems by means of a systematic literature review. We provide a classification of different input types for such systems and analyse the limitations of each input type. A main finding is that the employed inputs are often not sophisticated regarding the considered characteristics for failure occurrences. To further study the impact of the identified limitations, we present experiments demonstrating that wrong assumptions regarding the characteristics of the failure occurrences can result in large performance prediction errors, disadvantageous design-time decisions concerning the selection of alternative self-healing approaches, and disadvantageous deployment-time decisions concerning parameter tuning. Furthermore, the experiments indicate that employing multiple alternative input characteristics can help with reducing the risk of premature disadvantageous design-time decisions. KW - self-healing KW - failure model KW - performance KW - simulation KW - evaluation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/computers9010016 SN - 2073-431X VL - 9 IS - 1 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albert, Justin Amadeus A1 - Owolabi, Victor A1 - Gebel, Arnd A1 - Brahms, Clemens Markus A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Arnrich, Bert T1 - Evaluation of the Pose Tracking Performance of the Azure Kinect and Kinect v2 for Gait Analysis in Comparison with a Gold Standard BT - A Pilot Study T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät N2 - Gait analysis is an important tool for the early detection of neurological diseases and for the assessment of risk of falling in elderly people. The availability of low-cost camera hardware on the market today and recent advances in Machine Learning enable a wide range of clinical and health-related applications, such as patient monitoring or exercise recognition at home. In this study, we evaluated the motion tracking performance of the latest generation of the Microsoft Kinect camera, Azure Kinect, compared to its predecessor Kinect v2 in terms of treadmill walking using a gold standard Vicon multi-camera motion capturing system and the 39 marker Plug-in Gait model. Five young and healthy subjects walked on a treadmill at three different velocities while data were recorded simultaneously with all three camera systems. An easy-to-administer camera calibration method developed here was used to spatially align the 3D skeleton data from both Kinect cameras and the Vicon system. With this calibration, the spatial agreement of joint positions between the two Kinect cameras and the reference system was evaluated. In addition, we compared the accuracy of certain spatio-temporal gait parameters, i.e., step length, step time, step width, and stride time calculated from the Kinect data, with the gold standard system. Our results showed that the improved hardware and the motion tracking algorithm of the Azure Kinect camera led to a significantly higher accuracy of the spatial gait parameters than the predecessor Kinect v2, while no significant differences were found between the temporal parameters. Furthermore, we explain in detail how this experimental setup could be used to continuously monitor the progress during gait rehabilitation in older people. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät - 3 KW - motion capture KW - evaluation KW - human motion KW - RGB-D cameras KW - digital health Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-484130 IS - 3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Albert, Justin Amadeus A1 - Owolabi, Victor A1 - Gebel, Arnd A1 - Brahms, Clemens Markus A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Arnrich, Bert T1 - Evaluation of the Pose Tracking Performance of the Azure Kinect and Kinect v2 for Gait Analysis in Comparison with a Gold Standard BT - A Pilot Study JF - Sensors N2 - Gait analysis is an important tool for the early detection of neurological diseases and for the assessment of risk of falling in elderly people. The availability of low-cost camera hardware on the market today and recent advances in Machine Learning enable a wide range of clinical and health-related applications, such as patient monitoring or exercise recognition at home. In this study, we evaluated the motion tracking performance of the latest generation of the Microsoft Kinect camera, Azure Kinect, compared to its predecessor Kinect v2 in terms of treadmill walking using a gold standard Vicon multi-camera motion capturing system and the 39 marker Plug-in Gait model. Five young and healthy subjects walked on a treadmill at three different velocities while data were recorded simultaneously with all three camera systems. An easy-to-administer camera calibration method developed here was used to spatially align the 3D skeleton data from both Kinect cameras and the Vicon system. With this calibration, the spatial agreement of joint positions between the two Kinect cameras and the reference system was evaluated. In addition, we compared the accuracy of certain spatio-temporal gait parameters, i.e., step length, step time, step width, and stride time calculated from the Kinect data, with the gold standard system. Our results showed that the improved hardware and the motion tracking algorithm of the Azure Kinect camera led to a significantly higher accuracy of the spatial gait parameters than the predecessor Kinect v2, while no significant differences were found between the temporal parameters. Furthermore, we explain in detail how this experimental setup could be used to continuously monitor the progress during gait rehabilitation in older people. KW - motion capture KW - evaluation KW - human motion KW - RGB-D cameras KW - digital health Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185104 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 20 IS - 18 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Grum, Marcus A1 - Klippert, Monika A1 - Albers, Albert A1 - Gronau, Norbert A1 - Thim, Christof T1 - Examining the quality of knowledge transfers BT - the draft of an empirical research T2 - Proceedings of the Design Society N2 - Already successfully used products or designs, past projects or our own experiences can be the basis for the development of new products. As reference products or existing knowledge, it is reused in the development process and across generations of products. Since further, products are developed in cooperation, the development of new product generations is characterized by knowledge-intensive processes in which information and knowledge are exchanged between different kinds of knowledge carriers. The particular knowledge transfer here describes the identification of knowledge, its transmission from the knowledge carrier to the knowledge receiver, and its application by the knowledge receiver, which includes embodied knowledge of physical products. Initial empirical findings of the quantitative effects regarding the speed of knowledge transfers already have been examined. However, the factors influencing the quality of knowledge transfer to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge transfer in product development have not yet been examined empirically. Therefore, this paper prepares an experimental setting for the empirical investigation of the quality of knowledge transfers. KW - knowledge management KW - new product development KW - evaluation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.404 SN - 2732-527X VL - 1 SP - 1431 EP - 1440 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sallen, Jeffrey A1 - Hemming, Karen A1 - Richartz, Alfred T1 - Facilitating dual careers by improving resistance to chronic stress BT - effects of an intervention programme for elite student athletes JF - European journal of sport science : official journal of the European College of Sport Science N2 - The starting point of this contribution is the potential risk to health and performance from the combination of elite sporting careers with the pursuit of education. In European sport science and politics, structural measures to promote dual careers in elite sports have been discussed increasingly of late. In addition to organisational measures, there are calls for educational-psychological intervention programmes supporting the successful management of dual careers at the individual level. This paper presents an appropriate intervention programme and its evaluation: stress-resistance training for elite athletes (SRT-EA). It comprises 10 units, each lasting 90 minutes. It is intended for athletes and aims to improve their resistance to chronic stress. The evaluation was carried out in a quasi-experimental design, with three points of measurement (baseline, immediately after, and three months after) and two non-randomised groups: an intervention group (n=128) and an untreated control group (n=117). Participants were between 13 and 20 years of age (53.5% male) and represented various Olympic sports. Outcome variables were assessed with questionnaires. Significant short- and mid-term intervention effects were explored. The intervention increased stress-related knowledge, general self-efficacy, and stress sensitivity. Chronic stress level, stress symptoms, and stress reactivity were reduced. In line with the intention of the intervention, the results showed short- and mid-term, small to medium-sized effects. Accordingly, separate measurements at the end of the intervention and three months later showed mostly positive subjective experiences. Thus, the results reinforce the hope that educational-psychological stress-management interventions can support dual careers. KW - Chronic stress KW - stress-resistance KW - elite athletes KW - intervention KW - evaluation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2017.1407363 SN - 1746-1391 SN - 1536-7290 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 112 EP - 122 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sallen, Jeffrey A1 - Hemming, Karen A1 - Richartz, Alfred T1 - Facilitating dual careers by improving resistance to chronic stress BT - effects of an intervention programme for elite student athletes T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The starting point of this contribution is the potential risk to health and performance from the combination of elite sporting careers with the pursuit of education. In European sport science and politics, structural measures to promote dual careers in elite sports have been discussed increasingly of late. In addition to organisational measures, there are calls for educational-psychological intervention programmes supporting the successful management of dual careers at the individual level. This paper presents an appropriate intervention programme and its evaluation: stress-resistance training for elite athletes (SRT-EA). It comprises 10 units, each lasting 90 minutes. It is intended for athletes and aims to improve their resistance to chronic stress. The evaluation was carried out in a quasi-experimental design, with three points of measurement (baseline, immediately after, and three months after) and two non-randomised groups: an intervention group (n = 128) and an untreated control group (n = 117). Participants were between 13 and 20 years of age (53.5% male) and represented various Olympic sports. Outcome variables were assessed with questionnaires. Significant short- and mid-term intervention effects were explored. The intervention increased stress-related knowledge, general self-efficacy, and stress sensitivity. Chronic stress level, stress symptoms, and stress reactivity were reduced. In line with the intention of the intervention, the results showed short- and mid-term, small to medium-sized effects. Accordingly, separate measurements at the end of the intervention and three months later showed mostly positive subjective experiences. Thus, the results reinforce the hope that educational-psychological stress-management interventions can support dual careers. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 463 KW - chronic stress KW - stress-resistance KW - elite athletes KW - intervention KW - evaluation Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412735 IS - 463 ER - TY - THES A1 - Lohr, Frauke T1 - Konzeption und Evaluation eines Förderprogramms zur Entwicklung der schriftlichen Erzählfähigkeit von Fünftklässlern T1 - Conceptualization and Evaluation of a support program for the development of written narrative competencies of fifth-graders N2 - Gut ausgebildete Schreibkompetenzen gelten als zentrale Voraussetzung für den schulischen Erfolg. Wenngleich die schriftliche Textproduktion unbestritten fester Bestandteil des Deutschunterrichts ist, wird vielfach beklagt, dass die vorhandenen Schreibkompetenzen unzureichend sind. Blickt man auf die fachdidaktische Forschung so zeigt sich, dass Schreibkompetenz ein schwer zu definierendes Phänomen bleibt und innerhalb der schreibdidaktischen Forschung strittig ist, wie Schreibkompetenz – insbesondere nach Erwerb der grundlegenden Schreibfertigkeiten – am Besten entwickelt werden kann. Zudem gilt für das Fach Deutsch, insbesondere den Aufgabenbereich „Texte verfassen“, das eine empirische Fundierung der Fachdidaktik bisher kaum realisiert wurde. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde in der vorgelegten Arbeit ein Programm zu Förderung der schriftlichen Erzählfähigkeit von Fünftklässlern entwickelt und anschließend in der regulären Unterrichtspraxis eingesetzt und begleitend evaluiert. Methodisch orientiert sich die Arbeit dabei im Hinblick auf die Konzeption, Umsetzung und Evaluation des Förderprogramms an den von Einsiedler postulierten „Standards der (didaktischen) Entwicklungsforschung“. Bei der im ersten Schritt erfolgten Konzeption des Förderprogramms ging es darum eine spezifische, didaktische Konzeption, die Kombination sprachstruktur- und (lern)prozessbezogenener Elemente, sprachwissenschaftlich basiert und pädagogisch-didaktisch begründet zu entwickeln. Bei der hierzu notwendigen Integration verschiedener theoretischer Zugänge unterschiedlicher Fachdisziplinen galt es vorhandene Ansätze im Hinblick auf interne Anschlussmöglichkeiten auszuloten und auf diesem Wege einen sich gegenseitig ergänzenden, umfassenden Bezugsrahmen zu schaffen. Dabei gelang - unter Einbeziehung von Modellen und Befunden aus der Schreibentwicklungsforschung - die innerhalb der Schreibforschung vielfach geforderte, jedoch bisher fehlende Integration von strukturellen Ansätzen aus der linguistischen Schreibforschung mit den innerhalb der Kognitionspsychologie favorisierten prozessuellen Ansätzen. Auf dieser Grundlage wurde ein aufgabenbasiertes Programm mit insgesamt acht verschiedenen Fördermodulen entwickelt, aufgabenbasiert deshalb, weil dies nicht nur einen lehrergesteuerten aber schülerzentrierten Unterricht ermöglicht, sondern auch einen adaptiven Unterricht, somit den spezifischen Anforderungen des Unterrichts in heterogenen Lerngruppen gerecht wird, was angesichts der zunehmenden (sprachlich-kulturellen) Heterogenität in regulären Schulklassen sinnvoll scheint. In einem zweiten Schritt wurde innerhalb einer Pilotstudie die Umsetzbarkeit des Förderprogramms im schulischen Kontext erprobt. Unter Kontrolle seiner praktischen Umsetzbarkeit (Machbarkeitshypothese) wurde im Anschluss daran die Wirksamkeit des Förderprogramms im Hinblick auf eine Steigerung in den produktbezogenen Schreibmaßen (Wortschatzvarianz, Satzkomplexität, lexikalische Dichte, Kohäsionsgrade, Textlänge) und die Stabilität der Fördereffekte untersucht. Dies geschah mittels eines quasiexperimentellen Untersuchungsplans, genauer eines Zweigruppen-Pretest-Posttest-Follow-up-Plans mit Kontrollvariablen. Grundlage hierfür war eine möglichst heterogene Stichprobe von knapp 200 Schüler/innen. Denn angesichts der angesprochenen zunehmenden Heterogenität in regulären Schulklassen galt es neben der Wirksamkeit und Nachhaltigkeit des Förderprogramms auch dessen Eignung für den Unterricht in heterogenen Lerngruppen zu prüfen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Prüfung sprechen dafür, dass es gelungen ist ein entsprechendes Förderprogramm zu entwickeln. Trotz dem Auftreten von forschungsmethodischen Schwierigkeiten, die innerhalb der vorgelegten Arbeit ausführlich im Hinblick auf Ursachen und Wirkungen diskutiert werden, können, unter Berücksichtigung des explorativen Charakters der Studie, die Ergebnisse insbesondere zur Wortschatzvarianz und zur Satzkomplexität ebenfalls als Indizien für die Effektivität des Förderprogramms gelten. N2 - Well-developed writing literacy is considered a pivotal requirement for success in school. Although written text production is an unquestioned part of German language instruction, many complaints exist about an alleged lack of the necessary writing literacy. In regards to existing didactic research, it can be seen that writing literacy is a phenomenon that can only be defined under difficulties. In didactic research on writing it is also controversial how writing competencies can be developed best, especially past the acquisition of the initial basic writing skills. In addition can be said that an empirical grounding of didactics for German instruction is rather scarce, in particular in regards to the subfield of composition. This thesis now conceptualizes a new support program for the development of written narrative competencies of fifth-graders. This program has been subsequently used in regular instruction, accompanied by a process of continued evaluation. Methodologically used for this work is rooted in Einsiedler's “standards of development research“ in regards to the conceptualization, implementation and evaluation of the support program. Its first step, the conceptualization of the support program, saw the development of a specific, didactic concept, which combined language-structural as well as (learning) process-related elements, and which is linguistically based and pedagogically justified. To be able to integrate diverse theoretical approaches from different disciplines it was necessary to explore already existing approaches in regards to their connectability, which in turn allowed to develop a comprehensive frame of reference. With the inclusion of models and findings of research on writing skill development, this thesis succeded in the often demanded but until now lacking integration of structural approaches from linguistically-based research on writing, and process-related approaches favoured in cognitive psychology. Using this as foundation an assignment-based program with eight distinct modules has been developed. The decision to use an assignment-based program has been made because in addition to being not only student-centered instead of teacher-centered instruction, it also allows more adaptive instruction. Thereby it also meets the demands of instruction for heterogenous study groups, which appears even more necessary in the face of increasing heterogeneity in regular school classes in terms of language and cultural backgrounds. A second step saw the implementation and testing of the concept in a school context. Controlling for practical feasibility, a subsequent analysis evaluated the effectiveness of the support program in regards to an increase in product-based writing measures (vocabulary diversity, complexity of sentence structure, lexical density, degrees of cohesion, lengths of texts) and the stability of the effects. This was done through a quasi-experimental research design consisting of a pretest-posttest-follow-up design for two groups, including control variables. The study used a sample of around 200 students from heterogenous backgrounds. Besides testing for effectiveness and sustainability of the program in face of the aforementioned increased heterogeneity in regular school classes, this sample was also designed to aid in assessing its feasibility for usage in heterogenous study groups. The findings of this assessment indicate success in the development of such an effective support program. Bearing the explorative character of this study in mind and despite the emergence of methodological difficulties, which are discussed in detail in this thesis in regards to cause and impact, allow the findings of this study (in particular concerning vocabulary diversity and complexity of sentence structure) also to be interpreted as indicators for the effectiveness of the support program. KW - Schriftspracherwerb KW - Schreibkompetenz KW - didaktische Entwicklungsforschung KW - theoretische und empirische Fundierung der Fachdidaktik Deutsch KW - written language acquisition KW - written literacy KW - didatic development research KW - Evaluation KW - evaluation KW - Förderprogramm KW - programm KW - Erzählen KW - narration KW - theoretical and practical foundation of german didactics Y1 - 2015 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-395413 ER - TY - THES A1 - Buschmann, Jana T1 - Nutzungsfokussierte Evaluation in der Lehrkräftefortbildung Belcantare Brandenburg für musikunterrichtende Grundschullehrer*innen im ländlichen Raum T1 - Utilisation-focused evaluation of Belcantare Brandenburg, a CPD course for primary-level teachers of music in rural areas of the German federal state of Brandenburg N2 - Die vorliegende Publikation der Dissertationsschrift „Nutzungsfokussierte Evaluation in der Lehrkräftefortbildung Belcantare Brandenburg für musikunterrichtende Grundschul-lehrer*innen im ländlichen Raum“ ist eine akteursorientierte, explorativ angelegte Evaluation. Seit 2011 führt in den Regionen des Landes Brandenburg der Landesmusikrat Brandenburg e.V. in Kooperation mit mehreren Institutionen die zweijährige Fortbildung für fachnah sowie ausgebildete Musiklehrkräfte im Kompetenzfeld Singen und Lieddidaktik durch. Der zugrunde liegende Evaluationsansatz stellt die Interessen der kooperierenden Partner, welche praktische Konsequenzen aus den Ergebnissen der Evaluation zu ziehen beabsichtigen, in den Mittelpunkt der Forschungsarbeit. Es handelt sich somit um eine Auftragsforschung. Der Evaluation kommen die Funktionen zu, die inhaltliche Qualität der Lehrkräftefortbildung zu sichern und zu optimieren, den Erkenntnisgewinn zur Gestaltung eines fachdidaktischen Coachings zu erweitern, die Forschungsergebnisse zur Legitimation und Partizipation sichtbar zu machen sowie analytische Entscheidungshilfe zur Weiterführung Belcantare Brandenburgs nach 2022 bereitzustellen. Die von den Akteuren an die Autorin herangetragenen Forschungsanliegen wurden zu vier Fragestellungen zusammengefasst: 1. Wie zufrieden sind die Teilnehmenden mit der Veranstaltungsreihe? 2. Welche fachlichen, didaktischen und persönlichen Entwicklungen stellen sich während des Fortbildungszeitraumes aus der Wahrnehmungsperspektive der teilnehmenden Lehrkräfte ein? 3. Wie beurteilen die Coaching-Beteiligten die Chancen und Grenzen des musikdidaktischen Coachings als Fortbildungsform? 4. Welche Schlussfolgerungen lassen sich hinsichtlich professioneller Lehrkräftefortbildung aus der Gegenüberstellung der empirischen Erkenntnisse mit denen der Theorie ziehen? Diese Forschungsfragen wurden in zwei Forschungsphasen beantwortet: 1. Der empirische Datenkorpus wurde zwischen 2011-2015 gebildet. In dieser Zeit hatten zur projektbegleitenden Qualitätssicherung und -weiterführung der Pilot- und Folgestaffel Belcantare Brandenburgs die Forschungsfragen 1, 2 und 3 besondere Relevanz. Die Evaluationsstudie ist explorativ angelegt: Die Variablen zu den Forschungsfragen 1 und 2 sind durch Dokumentenanalysen sowie Interview-auswertungen mit der Projektleitung und teilnehmenden Lehrkräften sukzessive herausgearbeitet. Ebenso entsprechen die halb-geschlossenen Fragebögen als zentrale Erhebungsinstrumente der Forschungsfragen 1 und 2 dem explorativen Charakter und stellen auf diesem Weg sicher, dass den Teilnehmer*innen (N=40) die Möglichkeit zum Einbringen eigener Perspektiven eingeräumt wurde. Mit der Gesamtnote „sehr gut“ (1,39) seitens der befragten Lehrkräfte gilt die Gestaltung der Veranstaltungsreihe als ein Best-Practice-Beispiel: Für die Lehrkräfte sind das handlungsorientierte Erarbeiten von schülerpassenden und thematisch geeigneten, unmittelbar einsetzbaren oder wiederholt geübten Unterrichtsinhalten, Lerngegenständen und dazu passenden Materialien für den Unterricht die wesentlichen Kriterien zur Nutzung einer solchen Professionalisierungsmaßnahme. Die Lehrkräfteentwicklungen beider beforschter Staffeln zeigen, dass die fachnahen Kräfte bei sich größere Entwicklungszuwächse nach Beendigung des Projektes wahrnehmen als die Fachkräfte. Gleichzeitig liegt die selbsteingeschätzte Fachkompetenz der fachnahen Kräfte zu Fortbildungsende unter denen der Fachkräfte. Der Forschungsfrage 3 liegt ein ausschließlich qualitatives Design (N=16) zugrunde. Im Ergebnis konnten die Offene Form fachdidaktischen Coachings definiert werden, deren Parameter beschrieben und wesentliche Eigenschaften von Coach-Constellationen für ein binnendifferenziertes Coaching in der Lehrkräftefortbildung benannt werden. 2. Im Mai 2019 bildete sich aufgrund des sich verschärfenden Fachkräftemangels in Brandenburg das Bestreben der Kooperationspartner heraus, die Lehrkräftefortbildung nach 2022 als qualitätssichernde Maßnahme fortführen zu wollen. Diese Situation führte 2019 zur Aufnahme der Forschungsfrage 4, die eine umfassende und aktualisierte Analyse der theoretischen und bildungspolitischen Hintergründe der Intervention implizierte, mit dem Ziel, den Erkenntnisstand der Evaluation für eine erneute Empfehlung zu vertiefen. Das Thematisieren sowie das Gestalten von Selbstlernprozessen in der professionalisierenden Lehrkräftefortbildung stellte sich hierbei als ein zentrales Merkmal innovativer Lernkultur heraus. Die Publikation gliedert sich in vier Teile: Teil I stellt den Forschungsstand zur professionalisierenden Lehrkräfte¬fortbildung aus bildungswissenschaftlicher und musikpäda-gogischer Perspektive dar. Teil II der Arbeit stellt die komplexen Begründungs-zusammenhänge zum Evaluationsgegenstand her. Im III. Teil der Arbeit ist die Evaluationsstudie zu finden. Deren induktiv erschlossene Erkenntnisse werden in Teil IV der Arbeit dem Forschungsstand zur professionalisierenden Lehrkräftefortbildung gegenübergestellt. N2 - The doctoral thesis published in this book, Utilisation-focused evaluation of Belcantare Brandenburg, a CPD course for primary-level teachers of music in rural areas of the German federal state of Brandenburg, is an exploratory, actor-centred evaluation of the music teaching project Belcanatre Brandenburg which has been in process since 2011. Belcantare Brandenburg is a two-year CPD course for formally trained and untrained music teachers running in the state’s various regions and delivered by the Landesmusikrat (State Music Council) Brandenburg in collaboration with several institutions. Its objective is to develop primary-level educators’ skills around singing and working with songs in the classroom. The thesis was a commissioned piece of research, using an approach to evaluation that centres the interests of the cooperating organisations, which intend to obtain prompts to practical action from the results of the process. The purposes of the evaluation were quality assurance and optimisation for the course, the attainment of insights to inform the development of coaching for subject teachers, the publication of the evaluation process’ findings in order to demonstrate the added value generated by the course and facilitate stakeholder participation, and the provision of an analytical framework to guide decisions on the project’s continuation after 2022. After discussion with the cooperating parties to the project on their requirements of the evaluation, the author formulated four guiding questions as follows: 1. What levels of satisfaction with the course are observable among its participants? 2. How do the participants see themselves as having gained, in terms of subject-related and professional skills and personal development, during the course? 3. How do those taking part in the coaching (both coaches and coachees) assess the opportunities that present themselves with coaching in music teaching as a form of CPD, and where do they perceive limitations? 4. Which conclusions can we draw for teachers’ CPD from a comparative assessment of theoretical alongside empirical insights? The research that answered these four key questions took place in two stages as follows: 1. The author collected the corpus of empirical data used in the evaluation during the period 2011-2015. In this period, research questions 1-3 were of particular relevance in ongoing quality monitoring and development for the pilot course and its successor. The study has an exploratory design. The variables examined in relation to research questions 1 and 2 have emerged successively from document analysis and the analysis of interviews with partcipants and project managers. Similarly in line with the study’s exploratory character, the semi-closed design of the evaluation questionnaires that were the principal means of data collection for research questions 1 and 2 enabled their respondents (N=40) to contribute their individual points of view to the evaluation process. Using the grading system in place in German schools (1-5, with 1 being the best and 5 the weakest), participants awarded the course an average score of 1.39 wherefore the project can be regarded as an example of best practice in this area. In teachers’ view, the key criterion that made a CPD course of this type worthwhile was the opportunity to engage in a ‘hands-on’ process to develop teaching content and materials that met pupils’ needs and were appropriate to the topic at hand, directly usable in the classroom setting or suitable for repeated practice. The study’s findings on participants’ subjectively assessed professional development during both courses showed that teachers without specific formal qualifications in music teaching considered themselves to have developed further as teachers during the project’s course than those with such qualifications. This notwithstanding, after completion of the course, members of the former group assess themselves as less skilled in the subject of music than do members of the latter. Work on research question 3 was entirely qualitative in design (N=16). Its result was a definition of an ‘open form of coaching in subject teaching skills’ (Offene Form fachdidaktischen Coachings), encompassing descriptions of its parameters and outlines of the key aspects of coach/coachee pairings for coaching in teacher CPD that follows the principle of internal differentiation. 2. In May 2019, in the context of an increasing shortage of appropriately qualified teachers in the state of Brandenburg, the cooperating institutions reached a consensus on their intent to continue the course after 2022 in the interests of quality assurance for primary music teaching. Accordingly, in the same year, research question 4 joined the initial three. Its investigation called for a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of the theoretical and education policy issues underlying the project as an intervention to support teaching quality, to the end of providing the evaluation with robust insights that would enable it to make a recommendation on the continuation or otherwise of the course. The analysis revealed the open discussion of and active engagement with personal learning processes to be one key characteristic of an innovative culture of learning in CPD for teachers with a focus on professional learning. The book has four parts as follows: Part I outlines the current state of research with regard to professional learning-focused CPD for teachers, taking the dual perspective of education research and music pedagogy. Part II explicates the complex links between this starting point and the topic of the evaluation at hand. The evaluation study itself comprises Part III, while Part IV delineates the insights inductively gained from it and considers them in the context of research on the subject as it stands at the present time. KW - Lehrkräftefortbildung KW - Musik KW - ländlicher Raum KW - fachdidaktisches Coaching KW - Selbstgesteuertes Lernen KW - evaluation KW - music KW - coaching KW - rural areas KW - self-directed learning KW - teacher training Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-525642 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rojahn, Marcel A1 - Gronau, Norbert ED - Bui, Tung X. T1 - Openness indicators for the evaluation of digital platforms between the launch and maturity phase T2 - Proceedings of the 57th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences N2 - In recent years, the evaluation of digital platforms has become an important focus in the field of information systems science. The identification of influential indicators that drive changes in digital platforms, specifically those related to openness, is still an unresolved issue. This paper addresses the challenge of identifying measurable indicators and characterizing the transition from launch to maturity in digital platforms. It proposes a systematic analytical approach to identify relevant openness indicators for evaluation purposes. The main contributions of this study are the following (1) the development of a comprehensive procedure for analyzing indicators, (2) the categorization of indicators as evaluation metrics within a multidimensional grid-box model, (3) the selection and evaluation of relevant indicators, (4) the identification and assessment of digital platform architectures during the launch-to-maturity transition, and (5) the evaluation of the applicability of the conceptualization and design process for digital platform evaluation. KW - federated industrial platform ecosystems KW - technologies KW - business models KW - data-driven artifacts KW - design-science research KW - digital platform openness KW - evaluation KW - morphological analysis Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-0-99813-317-1 SP - 4516 EP - 4525 PB - Department of IT Management Shidler College of Business University of Hawaii CY - Honolulu, HI ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghahremani, Sona A1 - Giese, Holger T1 - Performance evaluation for self-healing systems BT - Current Practice & Open Issues T2 - 2019 IEEE 4th International Workshops on Foundations and Applications of Self* Systems (FAS*W) N2 - Evaluating the performance of self-adaptive systems (SAS) is challenging due to their complexity and interaction with the often highly dynamic environment. In the context of self-healing systems (SHS), employing simulators has been shown to be the most dominant means for performance evaluation. Simulating a SHS also requires realistic fault injection scenarios. We study the state of the practice for evaluating the performance of SHS by means of a systematic literature review. We present the current practice and point out that a more thorough and careful treatment in evaluating the performance of SHS is required. KW - self-healing KW - failure profile KW - evaluation KW - simulator KW - performance Y1 - 2019 SN - 978-1-7281-2406-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/FAS-W.2019.00039 SP - 116 EP - 119 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - THES A1 - von Kaphengst, Dragana T1 - Project’s management quality in development cooperation T1 - Managementqualität von Projekten in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit N2 - In light of the debate on the consequences of competitive contracting out of traditionally public services, this research compares two mechanisms used to allocate funds in development cooperation—direct awarding and competitive contracting out—aiming to identify their potential advantages and disadvantages. The agency theory is applied within the framework of rational-choice institutionalism to study the institutional arrangements that surround two different money allocation mechanisms, identify the incentives they create for the behavior of individual actors in the field, and examine how these then transfer into measurable differences in managerial quality of development aid projects. In this work, project management quality is seen as an important determinant of the overall project success. For data-gathering purposes, the German development agency, the Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), is used due to its unique way of work. Whereas the majority of projects receive funds via direct-award mechanism, there is a commercial department, GIZ International Services (GIZ IS) that has to compete for project funds. The data concerning project management practices on the GIZ and GIZ IS projects was gathered via a web-based, self-administered survey of project team leaders. Principal component analysis was applied to reduce the dimensionality of the independent variable to total of five components of project management. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis identified the differences between the separate components on these two project types. Enriched by qualitative data gathered via interviews, this thesis offers insights into everyday managerial practices in development cooperation and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of the two allocation mechanisms. The thesis first reiterates the responsibility of donors and implementers for overall aid effectiveness. It shows that the mechanism of competitive contracting out leads to better oversight and control of implementers, fosters deeper cooperation between the implementers and beneficiaries, and has a potential to strengthen ownership of recipient countries. On the other hand, it shows that the evaluation quality does not tremendously benefit from the competitive allocation mechanism and that the quality of the component knowledge management and learning is better when direct-award mechanisms are used. This raises questions about the lacking possibilities of actors in the field to learn about past mistakes and incorporate the finings into the future interventions, which is one of the fundamental issues of aid effectiveness. Finally, the findings show immense deficiencies in regard to oversight and control of individual projects in German development cooperation. KW - development cooperation KW - project management quality KW - evaluation KW - GIZ KW - knowledge management KW - Entwicklungszusammenarbeit KW - Qualität des Projektmanagements KW - Evaluierung KW - GIZ KW - Wissensmanagement Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430992 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Hermanns, Jolanda A1 - Böhme, Katrin A1 - Meyering, Meike A1 - Fuchs, Isabelle A1 - Wagner, Simon A1 - Krauskopf, Karsten A1 - Knigge, Michel A1 - Rother, Stefanie A1 - Tosch, Frank A1 - Wendland, Mirko A1 - Wulff, Peter A1 - Mientus, Lukas A1 - Nowak, Anna A1 - Borowski, Andreas A1 - Baer, Ella A1 - Bosch, Jannis A1 - Wilbert, Jürgen A1 - Bräsel, Tim A1 - Fenn, Monika A1 - Kortenkamp, Ulrich A1 - Kuzle, Ana A1 - Reitz-Koncebovski, Karen A1 - Burg, Paula A1 - Lampart, Fabian A1 - Leubner, Martin A1 - Freitag-Hild, Britta A1 - Bitmann, Anna A1 - Reinhardt, Susanne A1 - Roos, Jana A1 - Hußner, Isabell A1 - Börner, Dustin A1 - Lazarides, Rebecca A1 - Glowinski, Ingrid A1 - Autenrieth, Marijke A1 - Radke, Thea A1 - Ehlert, Antje A1 - Menke, Anne A1 - Haupenthal, Anna A1 - Schramm, Satyam Antonio A1 - Kruse, Julia A1 - Körner, Dorothea A1 - Fischer, Jakob Thomas A1 - Kayser, Daniela Niesta ED - Hermanns, Jolanda T1 - PSI-Potsdam BT - Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivitäten im Rahmen der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2019-2023) T3 - Potsdamer Beiträge für Lehrkräftebildung und Bildungsforschung N2 - An der Universität Potsdam wird seit 2015 im Rahmen der „Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung“ das Projekt „Professionalisierung – Schulpraktische Studien – Inklusion“ (PSI-Potsdam) durchgeführt und am Zentrum für Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung (ZeLB) koordiniert. Zur ersten Projektförderphase (2015-2018) erschien der Band „PSI-Potsdam – Ergebnisbericht zu den Aktivitäten im Rahmen der Qualitätsoffensive Lehrerbildung (2015-2018)“ zum Auftakt der Reihe „Potsdamer Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung und Bildungsforschung“. Der vorliegende Band aus der gleichen Reihe gibt in den Kapiteln „Erhebungen“, „Lehrkonzepte“ und „Vernetzungen“ einen Überblick über alle Teilprojekte der zweiten Projektförderphase (2019-2023). Wissenschaftler:innen aus verschiedenen Fachdidaktiken, Fachwissenschaften sowie aus den Bildungswissenschaften und der Inklusionspädagogik haben im Rahmen des Projektes kooperiert. Sowohl praxisnahe Forschung als auch die Entwicklung neuer Lehrkonzepte sowie Strategien zur Vernetzung innerhalb der Lehrkräftebildung stehen im Fokus dieses Bandes. Die Praxisphasen, die im Rahmen des „Potsdamer Modells der Lehrerbildung“ eine zentrale Rolle spielen, wurden in einer großen Studie über alle Praxisphasen untersucht. Der Band gibt interessante Einblicke in die Ergebnisse der Teilprojekte und Anregungen sowohl für die eigene Forschung als auch für Entwicklungsarbeit wie zum Beispiel die Entwicklung neuer Lehrkonzepte. Herausgegeben wird dieser Band von PD Dr. Jolanda Hermanns (Gesamtkoordinatorin PSI-Potsdam und Chemiedidaktikerin). T3 - Potsdamer Beiträge zur Lehrkräftebildung und Bildungsforschung - 3 KW - Lehrerbildung KW - Evaluation KW - Testinstrumente KW - Konzepte KW - Vernetzung KW - teacher education KW - evaluation KW - test instruments KW - concepts KW - networking Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-601875 SN - 978-3-86956-568-2 SN - 2626-3556 SN - 2626-4722 IS - 3 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Waitelonis, Jörg A1 - Jürges, Henrik A1 - Sack, Harald T1 - Remixing entity linking evaluation datasets for focused benchmarking JF - Semantic Web N2 - In recent years, named entity linking (NEL) tools were primarily developed in terms of a general approach, whereas today numerous tools are focusing on specific domains such as e.g. the mapping of persons and organizations only, or the annotation of locations or events in microposts. However, the available benchmark datasets necessary for the evaluation of NEL tools do not reflect this focalizing trend. We have analyzed the evaluation process applied in the NEL benchmarking framework GERBIL [in: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW’15), International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, 2015, pp. 1133–1143, Semantic Web 9(5) (2018), 605–625] and all its benchmark datasets. Based on these insights we have extended the GERBIL framework to enable a more fine grained evaluation and in depth analysis of the available benchmark datasets with respect to different emphases. This paper presents the implementation of an adaptive filter for arbitrary entities and customized benchmark creation as well as the automated determination of typical NEL benchmark dataset properties, such as the extent of content-related ambiguity and diversity. These properties are integrated on different levels, which also enables to tailor customized new datasets out of the existing ones by remixing documents based on desired emphases. Besides a new system library to enrich provided NIF [in: International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC’13), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 8219, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013, pp. 98–113] datasets with statistical information, best practices for dataset remixing are presented, and an in depth analysis of the performance of entity linking systems on special focus datasets is presented. KW - Entity Linking KW - GERBIL KW - evaluation KW - benchmark Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/SW-180334 SN - 1570-0844 SN - 2210-4968 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 385 EP - 412 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arni, Patrick A1 - Caliendo, Marco A1 - Künn, Steffen A1 - Zimmermann, Klaus F. T1 - The IZA evaluation dataset survey BT - a scientific use file T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This reference paper describes the sampling and contents of the IZA Evaluation Dataset Survey and outlines its vast potential for research in labor economics. The data have been part of a unique IZA project to connect administrative data from the German Federal Employment Agency with innovative survey data to study the out-mobility of individuals to work. This study makes the survey available to the research community as a Scientific Use File by explaining the development, structure, and access to the data. Furthermore, it also summarizes previous findings with the survey data. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 122 KW - survey data KW - scientific use file KW - labor market policies KW - evaluation KW - migration KW - ethnicity KW - attitudes KW - behavior KW - skills Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435204 SN - 1867-5808 IS - 122 ER - TY - THES A1 - Künn, Steffen T1 - Unemployment and active labor market policy : new evidence on start-up subsidies, marginal employment and programs for youth unemployed T1 - Arbeitslosigkeit und die Rolle von aktiver Arbeitsmarktpolitik : neue Erkenntnisse zur Existenzgründungsförderung, geringfügiger Beschäftigung und Programmen für arbeitslose Jugendliche N2 - In industrialized economies such as the European countries unemployment rates are very responsive to the business cycle and significant shares stay unemployed for more than one year. To fight cyclical and long-term unemployment countries spend significant shares of their budget on Active Labor Market Policies (ALMP). To improve the allocation and design of ALMP it is essential for policy makers to have reliable evidence on the effectiveness of such programs available. Although the number of studies has been increased during the last decades, policy makers still lack evidence on innovative programs and for specific subgroups of the labor market. Using Germany as a case study, the dissertation aims at contributing in this way by providing new evidence on start-up subsidies, marginal employment and programs for youth unemployed. The idea behind start-up subsidies is to encourage unemployed individuals to exit unemployment by starting their own business. Those programs have compared to traditional programs of ALMP the advantage that not only the participant escapes unemployment but also might generate additional jobs for other individuals. Considering two distinct start-up subsidy programs, the dissertation adds three substantial aspects to the literature: First, the programs are effective in improving the employment and income situation of participants compared to non-participants in the long-run. Second, the analysis on effect heterogeneity reveals that the programs are particularly effective for disadvantaged groups in the labor market like low educated or low qualified individuals, and in regions with unfavorable economic conditions. Third, the analysis considers the effectiveness of start-up programs for women. Due to higher preferences for flexible working hours and limited part-time jobs, unemployed women often face more difficulties to integrate in dependent employment. It can be shown that start-up subsidy programs are very promising as unemployed women become self-employed which gives them more flexibility to reconcile work and family. Overall, the results suggest that the promotion of self-employment among the unemployed is a sensible strategy to fight unemployment by abolishing labor market barriers for disadvantaged groups and sustainably integrating those into the labor market. The next chapter of the dissertation considers the impact of marginal employment on labor market outcomes of the unemployed. Unemployed individuals in Germany are allowed to earn additional income during unemployment without suffering a reduction in their unemployment benefits. Those additional earnings are usually earned by taking up so-called marginal employment that is employment below a certain income level subject to reduced payroll taxes (also known as “mini-job”). The dissertation provides an empirical evaluation of the impact of marginal employment on unemployment duration and subsequent job quality. The results suggest that being marginal employed during unemployment has no significant effect on unemployment duration but extends employment duration. Moreover, it can be shown that taking up marginal employment is particularly effective for long-term unemployed, leading to higher job-finding probabilities and stronger job stability. It seems that mini-jobs can be an effective instrument to help long-term unemployed individuals to find (stable) jobs which is particularly interesting given the persistently high shares of long-term unemployed in European countries. Finally, the dissertation provides an empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of ALMP programs to improve labor market prospects of unemployed youth. Youth are generally considered a population at risk as they have lower search skills and little work experience compared to adults. This results in above-average turnover rates between jobs and unemployment for youth which is particularly sensitive to economic fluctuations. Therefore, countries spend significant resources on ALMP programs to fight youth unemployment. However, so far only little is known about the effectiveness of ALMP for unemployed youth and with respect to Germany no comprehensive quantitative analysis exists at all. Considering seven different ALMP programs, the results show an overall positive picture with respect to post-treatment employment probabilities for all measures under scrutiny except for job creation schemes. With respect to effect heterogeneity, it can be shown that almost all programs particularly improve the labor market prospects of youths with high levels of pretreatment schooling. Furthermore, youths who are assigned to the most successful employment measures have much better characteristics in terms of their pre-treatment employment chances compared to non-participants. Therefore, the program assignment process seems to favor individuals for whom the measures are most beneficial, indicating a lack of ALMP alternatives that could benefit low-educated youths. N2 - Zur Verbesserung der Arbeitsmarktchancen arbeitsloser Personen und damit zur Bekämpfung von Arbeitslosigkeit werden innerhalb der Europäischen Union jedes Jahr beträchtliche Summen für Maßnahmen der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik (AAP) aufgewendet. Vor diesem Hintergrund ergibt sich die Frage nach der Effektivität dieser Programme. Obwohl in den vergangenen Jahren zahlreiche empirische Evaluationsstudien durchgeführt und hierdurch wesentliche Erkenntnisse über die Wirksamkeit von AAP gewonnen wurden, bestehen noch stets unerforschte bzw. nur unzureichend erforschte Bereiche, wie zum Beispiel für innovative Programme oder für Untergruppen am Arbeitsmarkt. Hierin liegt der Beitrag der Dissertationsschrift. Am Beispiel von Deutschland werden neue Erkenntnisse zur Wirksamkeit der Existenzgründungsförderung, der geringfügigen Beschäftigung sowie der Programme für arbeitslose Jugendliche geliefert. Mit Einführung des Existenzgründungszuschusses (Ich-AG) im Rahmen der Hartz-Reformen, standen gründungswilligen Arbeitslosen, zusammen mit dem bereits seit Mitte der Achtziger Jahre bekannten Überbrückungsgeld, zwischen 2003 und 2006 zwei Förderprogramme zur Verfügung. Beide Programme umfassen eine monetäre Förderung während der Gründungsphase, um arbeitslosen Personen den Weg in die berufliche Selbständigkeit zu erleichtern. Die Analyse der beiden Programme zeigt deutlich, dass die intendierten Ziele, d.h. die Verbesserung der Beschäftigungschancen sowie der Einkommenssituation der Teilnehmer, erreicht wurden. Es zeigt sich weiter, dass beide Programme insbesondere effektiv für benachteiligte Gruppen am Arbeitsmarkt, wie z.B. Geringqualifizierte, sowie in Regionen mit eher schlechten ökonomischen Bedingungen sind. Aber auch die getrennte Analyse für Frauen zieht eine positive Bilanz. Hier erweist sich die Förderung als besonders wirksam, da die berufliche Selbständigkeit (im Gegensatz zur abh. Beschäftigung) anscheinend eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf ermöglicht. Abschließend lässt sich somit feststellen, dass die Förderung der beruflichen Selbständigkeit eine sinnvolle Strategie darstellt, da insbesondere bestehende Hürden für benachteiligte Gruppen am Arbeitsmarkt beseitigt und diese Personen langfristig in den Arbeitsmarkt integriert werden. Im nächsten Abschnitt der Dissertationsschrift wird die Aufnahme einer geringfügigen Beschäftigung während der Arbeitslosigkeit untersucht. In Deutschland können arbeitslose Personen bis zu 15 Stunden/Woche eine Beschäftigung aufnehmen, wobei ein Zuverdienst bis 165 Euro/Monat keine Auswirkung auf den Bezug von Arbeitslosengeld hat. Hierzu greifen arbeitslose Personen insbesondere auf die geringfügige Beschäftigung (genannt „Mini-Job“) zurück, da diese für die Arbeitslosen selbst abgabenfrei ist und Arbeitgeber nur einen reduzierten Beitrag zur Sozialversicherung sowie Einkommensteuer zahlen. Das erhöhte Einkommensniveau während der Arbeitslosigkeit sowie der enge Kontakt zum Arbeitsmarkt können unterschiedliche Wirkungen generieren. Es zeigt sich, dass die Aufnahme einer geringfügigen Beschäftigung grundsätzlich keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Arbeitslosigkeitsdauer hat, jedoch im Anschluss an die Arbeitslosigkeit zu längeren Beschäftigungsphasen führt. Die Untersuchung der Effektheterogenität zeigt, dass die geringfügige Beschäftigung während der Arbeitslosigkeit die Arbeitslosigkeitsdauer für Langzeitarbeitslose verkürzt und zu insgesamt stabileren Beschäftigungsphasen für diese Personengruppe führt. Das Ergebnis ist von hoher politischer Relevanz, da die Möglichkeit einer Zusatzbeschäftigung während der Arbeitslosigkeit anscheinend ein effektives Instrument zur Bekämpfung von Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit darstellt. Abschließend beschäftigt sich die Dissertationsschrift mit der Untersuchung der Effektivität von AAP zur Verbesserung der Arbeitsmarktchancen von arbeitslosen Jugendlichen. Jugendliche sind im Gegensatz zu Erwachsenen häufiger von Arbeitslosigkeit betroffen, da sie über geringere Such- bzw. Arbeitserfahrung verfügen. Die Bekämpfung von Jugendarbeitslosigkeit steht daher im Fokus der AAP. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es erstaunlich, dass bisher nur wenig über die Wirksamkeit von AAP für arbeitslose Jugendliche bekannt ist bzw. für Deutschland hierzu noch überhaupt keine Erkenntnisse existieren. Die Dissertationsschrift liefert nun erstmalig Evidenz zur Wirksamkeit von AAP für arbeitslose Jugendliche in Deutschland. Die untersuchten Programme (außer Arbeitsbeschaffungsmaßnahmen) erhöhen die Beschäftigungswahrscheinlichkeit der Teilnehmer gegenüber den Nicht-Teilnehmern. Allerdings zeigt sich auch, dass arbeitslose Jugendliche ohne bzw. mit Hauptschulabschluss weniger von einer Programmteilnahme profitieren als Jugendliche mit einer höheren Schulbildung. Hier scheint noch Optimierungsbedarf zu bestehen, indem die Ausgestaltung der AAP stärker auf die Bedürfnisse von geringqualifizierten Jugendlichen eingehen sollte. KW - aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik KW - Evaluation KW - Mikroökonometrie KW - langfristige Effekte KW - Effektheterogenität KW - active labor market policy KW - evaluation KW - microeconometrics KW - long-term effects KW - effect heterogeneity Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-62718 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knigge, Michel T1 - Use of evidence to promote inclusive education development commentary on Mel Ainscow. Promoting inclusion and equity in education BT - Lessons from international experiences T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - In his essay, Mel Ainscow looks at inclusion and equity from an international perspective and makes suggestions on how to develop inclusive education in a ‘whole-system approach’. After discussing different conceptions of inclusion and equity, he describes international policies which address them. From this international macro-level, Ainscow zooms in to the meso-level of the school and its immediate environment, defining dimensions to be considered for an inclusive school development. One of these dimensions is the ‘use of evidence’. In my comment, I want to focus on this dimension and discuss its scope and the potential to apply it in inclusive education development. As a first and important precondition, Ainscow explains that different circumstances lead to different linguistic uses of the term ‘inclusive education’. Thus, the term ‘inclusive education’ does not refer to an identical set of objectives across countries, and neither does the term ‘equity’. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 872 KW - evidence KW - inclusion KW - education KW - evaluation KW - practice Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-519142 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knigge, Michel T1 - Use of evidence to promote inclusive education development commentary on Mel Ainscow. Promoting inclusion and equity in education BT - Lessons from international experiences JF - Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy N2 - In his essay, Mel Ainscow looks at inclusion and equity from an international perspective and makes suggestions on how to develop inclusive education in a ‘whole-system approach’. After discussing different conceptions of inclusion and equity, he describes international policies which address them. From this international macro-level, Ainscow zooms in to the meso-level of the school and its immediate environment, defining dimensions to be considered for an inclusive school development. One of these dimensions is the ‘use of evidence’. In my comment, I want to focus on this dimension and discuss its scope and the potential to apply it in inclusive education development. As a first and important precondition, Ainscow explains that different circumstances lead to different linguistic uses of the term ‘inclusive education’. Thus, the term ‘inclusive education’ does not refer to an identical set of objectives across countries, and neither does the term ‘equity’. KW - evidence KW - inclusion KW - education KW - evaluation KW - practice Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/20020317.2020.1730093 SN - 2002-0317 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 21 EP - 24 PB - Taylor & Francis Group CY - London ER - TY - THES A1 - Wilhelm, Jan Lorenz T1 - Wozu Evaluation? Organisationssysteme bewerten Stadtteilförderung mit Kalkül T1 - Evaluation and urban development : handling complexity and expectations N2 - In den letzten 20 Jahren sind Evaluationen Schritt für Schritt zu einem festen und gleichzeitig kontrovers diskutierten Bestandteil politischer Förderung geworden. Auf der Basis langjähriger Beobachtungen der Evaluationspraxis des Förderprogramms „Soziale Stadt“ zeigt dieses Buch zunächst, dass Evaluationstätigkeiten in Ministerien, Kommunalverwaltungen und Planungsbüros mit ganz unterschiedlichen Erwartungen, Herausforderungen, Widersprüchen und Irritationen verknüpft werden. Evaluationen werden dabei sowohl als Hoffnungsträger, als auch als Schreckgespenst gesehen. Der Autor nimmt diese Beobachtungen zum Anlass, den Umgang mit Evaluationen in politischen Organisationen kritisch zu hinterfragen und systematisch zu erklären. Reduziert auf die Frage „Wozu Evaluation?“ wird auf der Basis eines systemtheoretischen Zugangs erklärt, welche unterschiedlichen Funktionen Evaluationen in Organisationen erfüllen können. Vertiefend wird dabei auf organisationales Lernen, auf politische Steuerungslogik und auf die Notwendigkeit von Symbolisierungen eingegangen. N2 - The neighborhood development program “Social City” aims to discontinue the downward tendency of so-called disadvantaged neighborhoods by funding numerous projects. In the course of the program implementation, the method of evaluation – as a target-performance analysis – becomes more and more relevant. But whether something can be called a successful neighborhood management or a successful measure of integration strongly depends on its context and the point of view. For this reason evaluation research says that the effects of programs are usually only indicated unsatisfactorily. These observations lead to the research aim, to explain the function of evaluations for the constitution of development programs beyond usual arguments of effectiveness and efficiency. Using a system theoretical approach Wilhelm analyzed the explicit and implicit norms and observation schemes of a successful program implementation. The following theses on the role of evaluations in program implementations can be derived: a) Evaluations lay down the change in the distinctions of political intervention and facilitate communication about success,b) Evaluations manifest the differentiation between underprivileged and privileged neighborhoods in the program and help to legitimate it, c) evaluations actualize the funding programs’ ability to absorb insecurity and finally d) evaluations take the “illusion of control” inherent to every political strategy of intervention as a basis and thus contribute to its manifestation. T3 - Potsdamer Geographische Praxis - 2 KW - Evaluation KW - Städtebauförderung KW - Systemtheorie KW - Neue Kulturgeographie KW - Organisationslernen KW - Evaluationsfunktion KW - evaluation KW - system theory KW - urban development KW - human geography KW - learning organization KW - function of evaluation Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-59833 SN - 978-3-86956-187-5 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caliendo, Marco A1 - Schmidl, Ricarda T1 - Youth unemployment and active labor market policies in Europe T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Since the economic crisis in 2008, European youth unemployment rates have been persistently high at around 20% on average. The majority of European countries spends significant resources each year on active labor market programs (ALMP) with the aim of improving the integration prospects of struggling youths. Among the most common programs used are training courses, job search assistance and monitoring, subsidized employment, and public work programs. For policy makers, it is of upmost importance to know which of these programs work and which are able to achieve the intended goals – may it be the integration into the first labor market or further education. Based on a detailed assessment of the particularities of the youth labor market situation, we discuss the pros and cons of different ALMP types. We then provide a comprehensive survey of the recent evidence on the effectiveness of these ALMP for youth in Europe, highlighting factors that seem to promote or impede their effectiveness in practice. Overall, the findings with respect to employment outcomes are only partly promising. While job search assistance (with and without monitoring) results in overwhelmingly positive effects, we find more mixed effects for training and wage subsidies, whereas the effects for public work programs are clearly negative. The evidence on the impact of ALMP on furthering education participation as well as employment quality is scarce, requiring additional research and allowing only limited conclusions so far. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 125 KW - youth unemployment KW - active labor market policies KW - evaluation KW - training KW - job search Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436950 SN - 1867-5808 IS - 125 ER -