TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Michael A1 - Scholz, Denis A1 - Schröder-Ritzrau, Andrea A1 - Deininger, Michael A1 - Spötl, Christoph A1 - Lugli, Federico A1 - Mertz-Kraus, Regina A1 - Jochum, Klaus Peter A1 - Fohlmeister, Jens Bernd A1 - Stumpf, Cintia F. A1 - Riechelmann, Dana F. C. T1 - Evidence of warm and humid interstadials in central Europe during early MISSUE 3 revealed by a multi-proxy speleothem record JF - Quaternary science reviews : the international multidisciplinary research and review journal N2 - Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, 57-27 ka) was characterised by numerous rapid climate oscillations (i.e., Dansgaard-Oeschger (D/O-) events), which are reflected in various climate archives. So far, MIS 3 speleothem records from central Europe have mainly been restricted to caves located beneath temperate Alpine glaciers or close to the Atlantic Ocean. Thus, MIS 3 seemed to be too cold and dry to enable speleothem growth north of the Alps in central Europe. Here we present a new speleothem record from Bunker Cave, Germany, which shows two distinct growth phases from 52.0 (+0.8, -0.5) to 50.9 (+0.6, -1.3) ka and 473 (+1.0, -0.6) to 42.8 (+/- 0.9) ka, rejecting this hypothesis. These two growth phases potentially correspond to the two warmest and most humid phases in central Europe during MIS 3, which is confirmed by pollen data from the nearby Eifel. The hiatus separating the two phases is associated with Heinrich stadial 5 (HS 5), although the growth stop precedes the onset of HS 5. The first growth phase is characterised by a fast growth rate, and Mg concentrations and Sr isotope data suggest high infiltration and the presence of soil cover above the cave. The second growth phase was characterised by drier, but still favourable conditions for speleothem growth. During this phase, the delta C-13 values show a significant decrease associated with D/O-event 12. The timing of this shift is in agreement with other MIS 3 speleothem data from Europe and Greenland ice core data. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - Speleothems KW - Pleistocene KW - Palaeoclimatology KW - Europe KW - Dansgaard-Oeschger event KW - Marine isotope stage 3 KW - Bunker cave KW - Multi-proxy approach KW - U-Th series Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.09.045 SN - 0277-3791 VL - 200 SP - 276 EP - 286 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ramos, Catalina A1 - Mechie, James A1 - Stiller, Manfred T1 - Reflection seismic images and amplitude ratio modelling of the Chilean subduction zone at 38.25 degrees S JF - Tectonophysics : international journal of geotectonics and the geology and physics of the interior of the earth N2 - Active source near-vertical reflection (NVR) data from the interdisciplinary project TIPTEQ were used to image and identify structural and petrophysical properties within the Chilean subduction zone at 38.25 degrees S, where in 1960 the largest earthquake ever recorded (M-w 9.5) occurred. Reflection seismic images of the subduction zone were obtained using the post-stack depth migration technique to process the three components of the NVR data, allowing to present P- and S-stacked time sections and depth-migrated seismic reflection images. Next, the reflectivity method allowed to model traveltimes and amplitude ratios of pairs of reflections for two 1D profiles along the studied transect. The 1D seismic velocities that produced the synthetic seismograms with amplitudes and traveltimes that fit the observed ones were used to infer the rock composition of the different layers in each 1D profile. Finally, an image of the subduction zone is given. The Chilean subduction zone at 38.25 degrees S underlies a continental crust with highly reflective horizontal, as well as dipping events. Among them, the Lanalhue Fault Zone (LFZ), interpreted to be east-dipping, is imaged to very shallow depths for the first time. In terms of seismic velocities, the inferred composition of the continental crust is in agreement with field geology observations at the surface along the profile. Furthermore, no measurable amounts of fluids above the plate interface in the continental crust in this part of the Chilean subduction zone are necessary to explain the results. A large-scale anisotropy in the continental crust and upper mantle is qualitatively proposed. However, quantitative studies on this topic in the continental crust of the Chilean subduction zone at 38.25 degrees S do not exist to date. KW - Reflection seismics KW - Reflectivity method KW - Subduction zone KW - South America Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2018.10.007 SN - 0040-1951 SN - 1879-3266 VL - 747 SP - 115 EP - 127 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rychkov, Dmitry A1 - Altafim, Ruy Alberto Pisani T1 - Template-based fluoroethylenepropylene ferroelectrets with enhanced thermal stability of piezoelectricity JF - Journal of applied physics N2 - In ferroelectrets, the piezoelectricity stems from the charges of both polarities trapped on the inner surfaces of the cavities in the material, so that its thermal stability is defined by the stability of the respective charges. In the present work, a template-based lamination technique has been employed to fabricate tubular-channel ferroelectrets from fluoroethylenepropylene (FEP) films. It has been shown that the piezoelectricity in FEP ferroelectrets decays at relatively low temperatures due to the inherently lower thermal stability of the positive charge. In order to improve charge trapping, we have treated both FEP films and inner surfaces of the ferroelectret cavities with titanium-tetrachloride vapor, using the atomic-layer-deposition technique. Using surface-potential-decay measurements on FEP films, we have found that the charge-decay curves shift by more than 100 degrees C to the higher temperatures as a result of the surface treatment. Direct measurements of piezoelectric d(33) coefficients as a function of temperature have shown that the piezoelectric stability is likewise improved with the d(33)-decay curves shifted by 60 degrees C to the right. The improvement of electret/ferroelectret properties can be attributed to the formation of the deeper traps on the chemically modified FEP surface. SEM micrographs and EDS analysis reveal island-like structures with titanium- and oxygen-containing species that can be responsible for the deeper trapping of the electret charges. Published by AIP Publishing. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5041374 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 124 IS - 17 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - Melville ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reil, Daniela A1 - Binder, Florian A1 - Freise, Jona A1 - Imholt, Christian A1 - Beyrers, Konrad A1 - Jacob, Jens A1 - Krüger, Detlev H. A1 - Hofmann, Jörg A1 - Dreesman, Johannes A1 - Ulrich, Rainer Günter T1 - Hantaviren in Deutschland BT - Aktuelle Erkenntnisse zu Erreger, Reservoir, Verbreitung und Prognosemodellen JF - Berliner und Münchener tierärztliche Wochenschrift N2 - Hantaviruses are small mammal-associated pathogens that are found in rodents but also in shrews, moles and bats. Aim of this manuscript is to give a current overview of the epidemiology and ecology of hantaviruses in Germany and to discuss respective models for the prediction of virus outbreaks. In Germany the majority of human disease cases are caused by the Puumala virus (PUUV), transmitted by the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). PUUV is associated with the Western evolutionary lineage of the bank vole and is not present in the eastern and northern parts of Germany. A second human pathogenic hantavirus is the Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV), genotype Kurkino; its reservoir host, the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius), is mostly occurring in the eastern part of Germany. A PUUV-related hantavirus is the rarely pathogenic Tula virus (TULV), that is associated with the common vole (Microtus arvalis). In addition, Seewis virus, Asikkala virus, and Bruges virus are shrew- and mole-associated hantaviruses with still unknown pathogenicity in humans. Human disease cases are associated with the different hantaviruses according to their regional distribution. The viruses can cause mild to severe but also subclinical courses of the respective disease. The number of human PUUV disease cases in 2007, 2010, 2012, 2015 and 2017 correlates with the occurrence of high levels of seed production of beech trees ("beech mast") in the preceding year. Models based on weather parameters for the prediction of PUUV disease clusters as developed in recent years need further validation and optimisation. in addition to the abundance of infected reservoir rodents, the exposure behaviour of humans affects the risk of human infection. The application of robust forecast models can assist the public health service to develop and communicate spatially and temporally targeted information. Thus, further recommendations to mitigate infection risk for the public may be provided. N2 - Hantaviren sind Kleinsäuger-assoziierte Krankheitserreger, die vor allem in Nagetieren, aber auch in Spitzmäusen, Maulwürfen und Fledermäusen vorkommen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen aktuellen Überblick zur Epidemiologie und Ökologie der Hantaviren in Deutschland zu geben und Modelle zur Vorhersage von Virusausbrüchen zu diskutieren. In Deutschland werden die meisten humanen Erkrankungsfälle beim Menschen durch das von der Rötelmaus (Myodes glareolus) übertragene Puumalavirus (PUUV) verursacht. PUUV ist mit der westlichen evolutionären Linie der Rötelmaus assoziiert und fehlt im östlichen und nördlichen Teil Deutschlands. Ein zweites humanpathogenes Hantavirus ist das Dobrava-Belgrad-Virus (DOBV), Genotyp Kurkino, dessen Reservoir die vor allem im östlichen Teil Deutschlands vorkommende Brandmaus (Apodemus agrarius) ist. Ein PUUV-verwandtes Hantavirus ist das selten humanpathogene Tulavirus (TULV), das mit der Feldmaus (Microtus arvalis) assoziiert ist. Darüber hinaus wurden mit dem Seewis-, Asikkala- und Brugesvirus Spitzmaus- und Maulwurf-assoziierte Hantaviren mit noch unklarer Humanpathogenität gefunden. Die humanen Erkrankungen sind jeweils mit den verschiedenen Hantaviren in deren regionaler Verteilung assoziiert und können mild bis schwer, aber auch subklinisch verlaufen. Das Auftreten von Häufungen humaner, durch PUUV verursachter Erkrankungen in den Jahren 2007, 2010, 2012, 2015 und 2017 korreliert mit dem Auftreten einer starken Fruktifikation der Buche („Buchenmast“) im jeweiligen Vorjahr. Auf der Basis von Wetterparametern sind Modelle zur Vorhersage von PUUV-Erkrankungshäufungen entwickelt worden, die zukünftig validiert und optimiert werden müssen. Neben dem Ausmaß des Virusvorkommens im Reservoir wird das Risiko humaner Infektionen durch das Expositionsverhalten des Menschen beeinflusst. Durch die Anwendung von Prognosemodellen soll der öffentliche Gesundheitsdienst in die Lage versetzt werden, räumlich und zeitlich gezielte und sachgerechte Präventionsempfehlungen für die Bevölkerung abzugeben. T2 - Hantaviruses in Germany: current knowledge on pathogens, reservoirs, distribution and forecast models KW - early warning system KW - hantavirus KW - hantavirus disease KW - rodents KW - population dynamics KW - Frühwarn-System KW - Hantavirus KW - Hantavirus-Erkrankung KW - Nagetiere KW - Populationsdynamik Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-18003 SN - 0005-9366 SN - 1439-0299 VL - 131 IS - 11-12 SP - 453 EP - 464 PB - Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG. CY - Hannover ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yalew, S. G. A1 - Pilz, Tobias A1 - Schweitzer, C. A1 - Liersch, Stefan A1 - van der Kwast, J. A1 - van Griensven, A. A1 - Mul, Marloes L. A1 - Dickens, Chris A1 - van der Zaag, Pieter T1 - Coupling land-use change and hydrologic models for quantification of catchment ecosystem services JF - Environmental modelling & software with environment data news N2 - Representation of land-use and hydrologic interactions in respective models has traditionally been problematic. The use of static land-use in most hydrologic models or that of the use of simple hydrologic proxies in land-use change models call for more integrated approaches. The objective of this study is to assess whether dynamic feedback between land-use change and hydrology can (1) improve model performances, and/or (2) produce a more realistic quantification of ecosystem services. To test this, we coupled a land-use change model and a hydrologic mode. First, the land-use change and the hydrologic models were separately developed and calibrated. Then, the two models were dynamically coupled to exchange data at yearly time-steps. The approach is applied to a catchment in South Africa. Performance of coupled models when compared to the uncoupled models were marginal, but the coupled models excelled at the quantification of catchment ecosystem services more robustly. KW - Model coupling KW - Ecosystem services KW - Integrated modelling KW - Land and water Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.08.029 SN - 1364-8152 SN - 1873-6726 VL - 109 SP - 315 EP - 328 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tabben, Montassar A1 - Ihsan, Mohammed A1 - Ghoul, Nihel A1 - Coquart, Jeremy A1 - Chaouachi, Anis A1 - Chaabene, Helmi A1 - Tourny, Claire A1 - Chamari, Karim T1 - Performance 24-h After a Simulated Mixed Martial Arts Combat JF - Frontiers in physiology N2 - Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of Cold Water Immersion (CWI) on the recovery of physical performance, hematological stress markers and perceived wellness (i.e., Hooper scores) following a simulated Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) competition. Methods: Participants completed two experimental sessions in a counter-balanced order (CWI or passive recovery for control condition: CON), after a simulated MMAs competition (3 x 5-min MMA rounds separated by 1-min of passive rest). During CWI, athletes were required to submerge their bodies, except the trunk, neck and head, in the seated position in a temperature-controlled bath (similar to 10 degrees C) for 15-min. During CON, athletes were required to be in a seated position for 15-min in same room ambient temperature. Venous blood samples (creatine kinase, cortisol, and testosterone concentrations) were collected at rest (PRE-EX, i.e., before MMAs), immediately following MMAs (POST-EX), immediately following recovery (POST-R) and 24 h post MMAs (POST-24), whilst physical fitness (squat jump, countermovement-jump and 5- and 10-m sprints) and perceptual measures (well-being Hooper index: fatigue, stress, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and sleep) were collected at PRE-EX, POST-R and POST-24, and at PRE-EX and POST-24, respectively. Conclusion: The use of CWI resulted in an enhanced recovery of 10-m sprint performance, as well as improved perceived wellness 24-h following simulated MMA competition. KW - recovery KW - combat sports KW - MMA KW - delayed onset muscle soreness KW - stress KW - fatigue Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01542 SN - 1664-042X VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hameister, Inga A1 - Nickels, Lyndsey T1 - The cat in the tree - using picture descriptions to inform our understanding of conceptualisation in aphasia JF - Language, cognition and neuroscience N2 - Conceptualisation is the first step of speech production and describes the process by which we map our thoughts onto spoken language. Recent studies suggest that some people with language impairments have conceptualisation deficits manifested by information selection and sequencing difficulties. In this study, we examined conceptualisation in the complex picture descriptions of individuals with and without aphasia. We analysed the number and the order of main concepts (ideas produced by >= 60% of unimpaired speakers) and non-main concepts (e.g. irrelevant details). Half of the individuals with aphasia showed a reduced number of main concepts that could not be fully accounted for by their language production deficits. Moreover, individuals with aphasia produced both a larger amount of marginally relevant information, as well as having greater variability in the order of main concepts. Both findings provide support for the idea that conceptualisation deficits are a relatively common impairment in people with aphasia. KW - Aphasia KW - conceptualisation KW - discourse KW - concept analysis KW - macroplanning Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2018.1497801 SN - 2327-3798 SN - 2327-3801 VL - 33 IS - 10 SP - 1296 EP - 1314 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - Abingdon ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Siddiqui, Tarique Adnan A1 - Maute, Astrid A1 - Pedatella, Nick A1 - Yamazaki, Yosuke A1 - Lühr, Hermann A1 - Stolle, Claudia T1 - On the variability of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorial electrojet during sudden stratospheric warmings JF - Annales geophysicae N2 - The variabilities of the semidiurnal solar and lunar tides of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) are investigated during the 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events in this study. For this purpose, ground-magnetometer recordings at the equatorial observatories in Huancayo and Fuquene are utilized. Results show a major enhancement in the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tide in each of the four warming events. The EEJ semidiurnal solar tidal amplitude shows an amplification prior to the onset of warmings, a reduction during the deceleration of the zonal mean zonal wind at 60 degrees N and 10 hPa, and a second enhancement a few days after the peak reversal of the zonal mean zonal wind during all four SSWs. Results also reveal that the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tide becomes comparable or even greater than the amplitude of the EEJ semidiurnal solar tide during all these warming events. The present study also compares the EEJ semidiurnal solar and lunar tidal changes with the variability of the migrating semidiurnal solar (SW2) and lunar (M2) tides in neutral temperature and zonal wind obtained from numerical simulations at E-region heights. A better agreement between the enhancements of the EEJ semidiurnal lunar tide and the M2 tide is found in comparison with the enhancements of the EEJ semidiurnal solar tide and the SW2 tide in both the neutral temperature and zonal wind at the E-region altitudes. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1545-2018 SN - 0992-7689 SN - 1432-0576 VL - 36 IS - 6 SP - 1545 EP - 1562 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Werno, Martin Witold A1 - Wilhelmi, Ilka A1 - Kuropka, Benno A1 - Ebert, Franziska A1 - Freund, Christian A1 - Schürmann, Annette T1 - The GTPase ARFRP1 affects lipid droplet protein composition and triglyceride release from intracellular storage of intestinal Caco-2 cells JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications N2 - Intestinal release of dietary triglycerides via chylomicrons is the major contributor to elevated postprandial triglyceride levels. Dietary lipids can be transiently stored in cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs) located in intestinal enterocytes for later release. ADP ribosylation factor-related protein 1 (ARFRP1) participates in processes of LD growth in adipocytes and in lipidation of lipoproteins in liver and intestine. This study aims to explore the impact of ARFRP1 on LD organization and its interplay with chylomicron-mediated triglyceride release in intestinal-like Caco-2 cells. Suppression of Arfrp1 reduced release of intracellularly derived triglycerides (0.69-fold) and increased the abundance of transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase TERA/VCP, fatty acid synthase-associated factor 2 (FAF2) and perilipin 2 (Plin2) at the LD surface. Furthermore, TERA/VCP and FAF2 co-occurred more frequently with ATGL at LDs, suggesting a reduced adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL)-mediated lipolysis. Accordingly, inhibition of lipolysis reduced lipid release from intracellular storage pools by the same magnitude as Arfrp1 depletion. Thus, the lack of Arfrp1 increases the abundance of lipolysis-modulating enzymes TERA/VCP, FAF2 and Plin2 at LDs, which might decrease lipolysis and reduce availability of fatty acids for triglyceride synthesis and their release via chylomicrons. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. KW - Chylomicron KW - Lipid droplet proteome KW - Triglyceride secretion KW - Lipolysis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.092 SN - 0006-291X SN - 1090-2104 VL - 506 IS - 1 SP - 259 EP - 265 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sposini, Vittoria A1 - Chechkin, Aleksei V. A1 - Metzler, Ralf T1 - First passage statistics for diffusing diffusivity JF - Journal of physics : A, Mathematical and theoretical N2 - A rapidly increasing number of systems is identified in which the stochastic motion of tracer particles follows the Brownian law < r(2)(t)> similar or equal to Dt yet the distribution of particle displacements is strongly non-Gaussian. A central approach to describe this effect is the diffusing diffusivity (DD) model in which the diffusion coefficient itself is a stochastic quantity, mimicking heterogeneities of the environment encountered by the tracer particle on its path. We here quantify in terms of analytical and numerical approaches the first passage behaviour of the DD model. We observe significant modifications compared to Brownian-Gaussian diffusion, in particular that the DD model may have a faster first passage dynamics. Moreover we find a universal crossover point of the survival probability independent of the initial condition. KW - diffusion KW - superstatistics KW - first passage Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaf6ff SN - 1751-8113 SN - 1751-8121 VL - 52 IS - 4 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kayatz, Benjamin A1 - Baroni, Gabriele A1 - Hillier, Jon A1 - Lüdtke, Stefan A1 - Heathcote, Richard A1 - Malin, Daniella A1 - van Tonder, Carl A1 - Kuster, Benjamin A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard A1 - Wattenbach, Martin T1 - Cool farm tool water BT - A global on-line tool to assess water use in crop production JF - Journal of cleaner production N2 - The agricultural sector accounts for 70% of all water consumption and poses great pressure on ground water resources. Therefore, evaluating agricultural water consumption is highly important as it allows supply chain actors to identify practices which are associated with unsustainable water use, which risk depleting current water resources and impacting future production. However, these assessments are often not feasible for crop producers as data, models and experiments are required in order to conduct them. This work introduces a new on-line agricultural water use assessment tool that provides the water footprint and irrigation requirements at field scale based on an enhanced FAO56 approach combined with a global climate, crop and soil databases. This has been included in the Cool Farm Tool - an online tool which already provides metrics for greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity impacts and therefore allows for a more holistic assessment of environmental sustainability in farming and agricultural supply chains. The model is tested against field scale and state level water footprint data providing good results. The tool provides a practical, reliable way to assess agricultural water use, and offers a means to engage growers and stakeholders in identifying efficient water management practices. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. KW - Water footprint KW - FAO56 KW - Crop water use KW - Stakeholder involvement KW - Water resource management KW - Irrigation requirements Y1 - 2018 SN - 0959-6526 SN - 1879-1786 VL - 207 SP - 1163 EP - 1179 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jonscher, Ernst A1 - Flemming, Sven A1 - Schmitt, Marius A1 - Sabitzki, Ricarda A1 - Reichard, Nick A1 - Birnbaum, Jakob A1 - Bergmann, Bärbel A1 - Höhn, Katharina A1 - Spielmann, Tobias T1 - PfVPS45 Is Required for Host Cell Cytosol Uptake by Malaria Blood Stage Parasites JF - Cell host & microbe N2 - During development in human erythrocytes, the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum internalizes a large part of the cellular content of the host cell. The internalized cytosol, consisting largely of hemoglobin, is transported to the parasite’s food vacuole where it is degraded, providing nutrients and space for growth. This host cell cytosol uptake (HCCU) is crucial for parasite survival but the parasite proteins mediating this process remain obscure. Here, we identify P. falciparum VPS45 as an essential factor in HCCU. Conditional inactivation of PfVPS45 led to an accumulation of host cell cytosol-filled vesicles within the parasite and inhibited the delivery of hemoglobin to the parasite's digestive vacuole, resulting in arrested parasite growth. A proportion of these HCCU vesicle intermediates was positive for phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, suggesting endosomal characteristics. Thus PfVPS45 provides insight into the elusive machinery of the ingestion pathway in a parasite that contains an endolysosomal system heavily repurposed for protein secretion. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2018.11.010 SN - 1931-3128 SN - 1934-6069 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 166 EP - 173 PB - Cell Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dybiec, Bartlomiej A1 - Capala, Karol A1 - Chechkin, Aleksei V. A1 - Metzler, Ralf T1 - Conservative random walks in confining potentials JF - Journal of physics : A, Mathematical and theoretical N2 - Levy walks are continuous time random walks with spatio-temporal coupling of jump lengths and waiting times, often used to model superdiffusive spreading processes such as animals searching for food, tracer motion in weakly chaotic systems, or even the dynamics in quantum systems such as cold atoms. In the simplest version Levy walks move with a finite speed. Here, we present an extension of the Levy walk scenario for the case when external force fields influence the motion. The resulting motion is a combination of the response to the deterministic force acting on the particle, changing its velocity according to the principle of total energy conservation, and random velocity reversals governed by the distribution of waiting times. For the fact that the motion stays conservative, that is, on a constant energy surface, our scenario is fundamentally different from thermal motion in the same external potentials. In particular, we present results for the velocity and position distributions for single well potentials of different steepness. The observed dynamics with its continuous velocity changes enriches the theory of Levy walk processes and will be of use in a variety of systems, for which the particles are externally confined. KW - Levy walk KW - conservative random walks KW - Levy flight Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaefc2 SN - 1751-8113 SN - 1751-8121 VL - 52 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publ. Ltd. CY - Bristol ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Warditz, Vladislava Maria T1 - Русское имянаречение Нового времени BT - социально-культурные и политико� идеологические механизмы антропонимических сдвигов BT - Socio-cultural and political ideological mechanisms of anthroponymic shifts JF - Voprosy onomastiki N2 - The author stems from the premise that modern anthroponymy effectively incorporates data from related fields of knowledge, primarily those of cultural and political history, thus getting enlarged through interdisciplinary research. An integrated approach allows one to deduce the extra-linguistic mechanisms which lay behind anthroponymic changes. In the same vein, the present paper focuses on the dynamics within the Russian anthroponymic paradigm caused by the changing vectors of political, ideological, cultural, and religious identity in the historical perspective of the New Time (1700-1920s). The study aims to establish the connection between specific trends in naming and the precedent names, events, and texts of political, cultural, and religious life. The mechanisms of anthroponymic shifts are illustrated by the cases of individual names becoming socially significant in a particular historical context. Using interdisciplinary methods of cultural anthropology, the study builds on textual sources, primarily name indexes to the collections of works by outstanding cultural figures and scholars, and biographical dictionaries. Some examples of pragmatic naming strategies in works of art (literature, opera, cinema) are also provided. Preliminary findings reveal some major trends in the Russian anthroponymic system of the New Age such as Europeization vs. Russification, modernization vs. archaization, as well as their synthesis. These tendencies remain key up to the present day and can be traced and characteristically defined within a set (or corpus) of names relating to the particular epoch, in terms of their frequency and the parameters of the sociolinguistic distribution. The diachronic perspective of the study also supports the sociolinguistic observation that the newly introduced names, which are currently in use, have a pronounced social resonance, which is getting neutralized as their frequency increases. Further development of the topic implies, among other things, statistical verification of preliminary findings. T2 - Russian Name-Giving of the New Time KW - Russian name giving KW - causes of anthroponymic shifts KW - Europeization KW - archaization KW - New Time KW - cultural paradigm KW - identity Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2019.16.2.018 SN - 1994-2400 SN - 1994-2451 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 129 EP - 144 PB - Uralʹskij federalʹnyj universitet CY - Ekaterinenburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Socher, Stephanie A. A1 - Pommer, Ulf A1 - Hessenmöller, Dominik A1 - Schall, Peter A1 - Schulze, Ernst Detlef A1 - Fischer, Markus T1 - Effects of forest management on bryophyte species richness in Central European forests JF - Forest ecology and management N2 - We studied the effect of three major forest management types (unmanaged beech, selection beech, and age class forests) and stand variables (SMId, soil pH, proportion of conifers, litter cover, deadwood cover, rock cover and cumulative cover of woody trees and shrubs) on bryophyte species richness in 1050 forest plots in three regions in Germany. In addition, we analysed the species richness of four ecological guilds of bryophytes according to their colonized substrates (deadwood, rock, soil, bark) and the number of woodland indicator bryophyte species. Beech selection forests turned out to be the most species rich management type, whereas unmanaged beech forests revealed even lower species numbers than age-class forests. Increasing conifer proportion increased bryophyte species richness but not the number of woodland indicator bryophyte species. The richness of the four ecological guilds mainly responded to the abundance of their respective substrate. We conclude that the permanent availability of suitable substrates is most important for bryophyte species richness in forests, which is not stringently linked to management type. Therefore, managed age-class forests and selection forests may even exceed unmanaged forests in bryophyte species richness due to higher substrate supply and therefore represent important habitats for bryophytes. Typical woodland indicator bryophytes and their species richness were negatively affected by SMId (management intensity) and therefore better indicate forest integrity than the species richness of all bryophytes. Nature conservation efforts should focus on the reduction of management intensity. Moreover, maintaining and increasing a variability of substrates and habitats, such as coarse woody debris, increasing structural heterogeneity by retaining patches with groups of old, mature to over-mature trees in managed forests, maintaining forest climate conditions by silvicultural methods that assure stand continuity, e.g. by selection cutting rather than clear cutting and shelterwood logging might promote bryophyte diversity and in particular the one of woodland indicator bryophytes. KW - Beech forests KW - Conifer plantations KW - Cryptogams KW - Ecological guilds KW - Forest management KW - Temperate forests KW - Selection vs. age-class forests KW - Unmanaged vs. managed forests KW - Woodland indicator species Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.10.019 SN - 0378-1127 SN - 1872-7042 VL - 432 SP - 850 EP - 859 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kwiatkowska, Maria Magdalena A1 - Julkowski, Tomasz A1 - Rogoza, Radoslaw A1 - Zemojtel-Piotrowska, Magdalena A1 - Fatfouta, Ramzi T1 - Narcissism and trust BT - Differential impact of agentic, antagonistic, and communal narcissism JF - Personality and individual differences : an international journal of research into the structure and development of personality, and the causation of individual differences N2 - Previous research has shown that individuals high in narcissism mistrust others, yet little is known about narcissism's relation to trust. In the current study (N = 727), we aim to close this gap in the literature by examining the relationship between facets of trust (i.e., cognitive bias in the evaluation of others and personal trustworthiness) and facets of grandiose narcissism (i.e., agentic, antagonistic, and communal). We strive to answer the question whether narcissistic individuals believe that others are reliable, honest, and benevolent (how they perceive others) and whether they present themselves as trusting of others (how they perceive themselves). We posit and show that agentic narcissism is not related to any of the studied trust facets, suggesting that the concept of trust is not relevant to their self-image. In contrast, antagonistic narcissism is negatively related to perceiving others and oneself as trustful, and communal narcissism is positively related to these trust facets, purportedly due to communal self-enhancement. We discuss our findings of the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Concept as well as to the Agency-Communion model of grandiose narcissism. KW - Grandiose narcissism KW - Trust KW - Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Concept KW - Agency-Communion model of narcissism Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.08.027 SN - 0191-8869 VL - 137 SP - 139 EP - 143 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brechun, Katherine Emily A1 - Arndt, Katja Maren A1 - Woolley, G. Andrew T1 - Selection of protein-protein interactions of desired affinities with a bandpass circuit JF - Journal of molecular biology : JMB N2 - We have developed a genetic circuit in Escherichia coli that can be used to select for protein-protein interactions of different strengths by changing antibiotic concentrations in the media. The genetic circuit links protein-protein interaction strength to beta-lactamase activity while simultaneously imposing tuneable positive and negative selection pressure for beta-lactamase activity. Cells only survive if they express interacting proteins with affinities that fall within set high- and low-pass thresholds; i.e. the circuit therefore acts as a bandpass filter for protein-protein interactions. We show that the circuit can be used to recover protein-protein interactions of desired affinity from a mixed population with a range of affinities. The circuit can also be used to select for inhibitors of protein-protein interactions of defined strength. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - synthetic biology KW - genetic circuit KW - biological engineering KW - protein-protein interactions KW - twin-arginine translocation KW - selection system Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2018.11.011 SN - 0022-2836 SN - 1089-8638 VL - 431 IS - 2 SP - 391 EP - 400 PB - Elsevier CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kruse, Julia A1 - Kummer, Volker A1 - Shivas, Roger G. A1 - Thines, Marco T1 - The first smut fungus, Thecaphora anthemidis sp nov (Glomosporiaceae), described from Anthemis (Asteraceae) JF - MycoKeys N2 - There are 63 known species of Thecaphora (Glomosporiaceae, Ustilaginomycotina), a third of which occur on Asteraceae. These smut fungi produce yellowish-brown to reddish-brown masses of spore balls in specific, mostly regenerative, plant organs. A species of Thecaphora was collected in the flower heads of Anthemis chia (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) on Rhodes Island, Greece, in 2015 and 2017, which represents the first smut record of a smut fungus on a host plant species in this tribe. Based on its distinctive morphology, host species and genetic divergence, this species is described as Thecaphora anthemidis sp. nov. Molecular barcodes of the ITS region are provided for this and several other species of Thecaphora. A phylogenetic and morphological comparison to closely related species showed that Th. anthemidis differed from other species of Thecaphora. Thecaphora anthemidis produced loose spore balls in the flower heads and peduncles of Anthemis chia unlike other flower-infecting species. KW - Glomosporiaceae KW - host specificity KW - internal transcribed spacer KW - molecular phylogenetics KW - smut fungi Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.41.28454 SN - 1314-4057 SN - 1314-4049 IS - 41 SP - 39 EP - 50 PB - Pensoft Publ. CY - Sofia ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bleifuss, Tobias A1 - Bornemann, Leon A1 - Johnson, Theodore A1 - Kalashnikov, Dmitri A1 - Naumann, Felix A1 - Srivastava, Divesh T1 - Exploring Change BT - a new dimension of data analytics JF - Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment N2 - Data and metadata in datasets experience many different kinds of change. Values axe inserted, deleted or updated; rows appear and disappear; columns are added or repurposed, etc. In such a dynamic situation, users might have many questions related to changes in the dataset, for instance which parts of the data are trustworthy and which are not? Users will wonder: How many changes have there been in the recent minutes, days or years? What kind of changes were made at which points of time? How dirty is the data? Is data cleansing required? The fact that data changed can hint at different hidden processes or agendas: a frequently crowd-updated city name may be controversial; a person whose name has been recently changed may be the target of vandalism; and so on. We show various use cases that benefit from recognizing and exploring such change. We envision a system and methods to interactively explore such change, addressing the variability dimension of big data challenges. To this end, we propose a model to capture change and the process of exploring dynamic data to identify salient changes. We provide exploration primitives along with motivational examples and measures for the volatility of data. We identify technical challenges that need to be addressed to make our vision a reality, and propose directions of future work for the data management community. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14778/3282495.3282496 SN - 2150-8097 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 85 EP - 98 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Duydu, Yalcin A1 - Basaran, Nursen A1 - Aydin, Sevtap A1 - Ustundag, Aylin A1 - Yalcin, Can Özgür A1 - Anlar, Hatice Gul A1 - Bacanli, Merve A1 - Aydos, Kaan A1 - Atabekoglu, Cem Somer A1 - Golka, Klaus A1 - Ickstadt, Katja A1 - Schwerdtle, Tanja A1 - Werner, Matthias A1 - Meyer, Sören A1 - Bolt, Hermann M. T1 - Evaluation of FSH, LH, testosterone levels and semen parameters in male boron workers under extreme exposure conditions JF - Archives of toxicology : official journal of EUROTOX N2 - Boric acid and sodium borates are currently classified in the EU-CLP regulation as "toxic to reproduction" under "Category 1B", with hazard statement of H360FD. However, so far field studies on male reproduction in China and in Turkey could not confirm such boron-associated toxic effects. As validation by another independent study is still required, the present study has investigated possible boron-associated effects on male reproduction in workers (n = 212) under different boron exposure conditions. The mean daily boron exposure (DBE) and blood boron concentration of workers in the extreme exposure group (n = 98) were 47.17 +/- 17.47 (7.95-106.8) mg B/day and 570.6 +/- 160.1 (402.6-1100) ng B/g blood, respectively. Nevertheless, boron-associated adverse effects on semen parameters, as well as on FSH, LH and total testosterone levels were not seen, even within the extreme exposure group. With this study, a total body of evidence has accumulated that allows to conclude that male reproductive effects are not relevant to humans, under any feasible and realistic conditions of exposure to inorganic boron compounds. KW - Boron exposure KW - Boric acid KW - Reproductive toxicity KW - FSH KW - LH KW - Testosterone KW - Semen parameters Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-018-2296-7 SN - 0340-5761 SN - 1432-0738 VL - 92 IS - 10 SP - 3051 EP - 3059 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Goychuk, Igor T1 - Viscoelastic subdiffusion in a random Gaussian environment JF - Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies N2 - Viscoelastic subdiffusion governed by a fractional Langevin equation is studied numerically in a random Gaussian environment modeled by stationary Gaussian potentials with decaying spatial correlations. This anomalous diffusion is archetypal for living cells, where cytoplasm is known to be viscoelastic and a spatial disorder also naturally emerges. We obtain some first important insights into it within a model one-dimensional study. Two basic types of potential correlations are studied: short-range exponentially decaying and algebraically slow decaying with an infinite correlation length, both for a moderate (several kBT, in the units of thermal energy), and strong (5–10kBT) disorder. For a moderate disorder, it is shown that on the ensemble level viscoelastic subdiffusion can easily overcome the medium's disorder. Asymptotically, it is not distinguishable from the disorder-free subdiffusion. However, a strong scatter in single-trajectory averages is nevertheless seen even for a moderate disorder. It features a weak ergodicity breaking, which occurs on a very long yet transient time scale. Furthermore, for a strong disorder, a very long transient regime of logarithmic, Sinai-type diffusion emerges. It can last longer and be faster in the absolute terms for weakly decaying correlations as compared with the short-range correlations. Residence time distributions in a finite spatial domain are of a generalized log-normal type and are reminiscent also of a stretched exponential distribution. They can be easily confused for power-law distributions in view of the observed weak ergodicity breaking. This suggests a revision of some experimental data and their interpretation. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp05238g SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 20 IS - 37 SP - 24140 EP - 24155 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Drobyshev, Evgenii J. A1 - Solovyev, Nikolay D. A1 - Gorokhovskiy, Boris M. A1 - Kashuro, Vadim A. T1 - Accumulation Patterns of Sub-chronic Aluminum Toxicity Model After Gastrointestinal Administration in Rats JF - Biological Trace Element Research N2 - Although aluminum chronic neurotoxicity is well documented, there are no well-established experimental protocols of Al exposure. In the current study, toxic effects of sub-chronic Al exposure have been evaluated in outbreed male rats (gastrointestinal administration). Forty animals were used: 10 were administered with AlCl3 water solution (2 mg/kg Al per day) for 1 month, 10 received the same concentration of AlCl3 for 3 month, and 20 (10 per observation period) saline as control. After 30 and 90 days, the animals underwent behavioral tests: open field, passive avoidance, extrapolation escape task, and grip strength. At the end of the study, the blood, liver, kidney, and brain were excised for analytical and morphological studies. The Al content was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. Essential trace elements-Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Se, and Zn-were measured in whole blood samples. Although no morphological changes were observed in the brain, liver, or kidney for both exposure terms, dose-dependent Al accumulation and behavioral differences (increased locomotor activity after 30 days) between treatment and control groups were indicated. Moreover, for 30 days exposure, strong positive correlation between Al content in the brain and blood for individual animals was established, which surprisingly disappeared by the third month. This may indicate neural barrier adaptation to the Al exposure or the saturation of Al transport into the brain. Notably, we could not see a clear neurodegeneration process after rather prolonged sub-chronic Al exposure, so probably longer exposure periods are required. KW - Aluminum KW - Neurotoxicity KW - Rats KW - Per oral administration KW - Sub-chronic exposure KW - Trace elements Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1247-8 SN - 0163-4984 SN - 1559-0720 VL - 185 IS - 2 SP - 384 EP - 394 PB - Humana Press Inc. CY - Totowa ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Calsamiglia, Aleix A1 - Garcia-Comendador, Julian A1 - Fortesa, Josep A1 - Lopez-Tarazon, José Andrés A1 - Crema, S. A1 - Cavalli, M. A1 - Calvo-Cases, A. A1 - Estrany, Joan T1 - Effects of agricultural drainage systems on sediment connectivity in a small Mediterranean lowland catchment JF - Geomorphology : an international journal on pure and applied geomorphology N2 - Traditional drainage systems combining man-made channels and subsurface tile drains have been used since Roman times to control water excess in Mediterranean lowland regions, favouring adequate soil water regime for agriculture purposes. However, mechanization of agriculture, abandonment or land use changes lead to a progressive deterioration of these drains in the last decades. The effects of these structures on hydrological and sediment dynamics have been previously analyzed in a small Mediterranean lowland catchment (Can Revull, Mallorca, Spain, 1.4 km2) by establishing an integrated sediment budget with a multi-technique approach. Moreover, the recent advances in morphometric techniques enable the completion of this analysis by the accurate identification of active areas (i.e. sources, pathway links, and sinks) and improve the understanding of (de-)coupling mechanisms of water and sediment linkages. In this study, the Borselli's index of connectivity (IC; Cavalli et al. (2013)'s version) derived from a LiDAR-based high resolution DEM (>1 pt m−2; RMSE < 0.2 m) was used to evaluate the spatial patterns of sediment connectivity of the catchment under two different scenarios: (1) the current scenario, including an accurate representation of the 3800 m of artificial channels and levees (CS - Channelled Scenario), and (2) a hypothetical scenario in which these anthropogenic features were removed (US - Unchannelled Scenario). Design and configuration of the drainage system in Can Revull generated changes favouring lateral decoupling between different compartments, with hillslopes-floodplain and floodplain-channels relationships, showing a general decrease of IC values, and high longitudinal connectivity along the artificial channel network. Field observations corroborated these results: structures enabled rapid drainage of the water excess also promoting low surface runoff within the field crops, proving to be an effective management practice for erosion control in agricultural Mediterranean lowland catchments. By contrast, US demonstrated that the abandonment of the current agricultural practices and the subsequent destruction of the drainage system could lead the higher soil loss rates owning to more intense/effective processes of sediment connectivity. KW - Sediment connectivity KW - Traditional drainage systems KW - Catchment management KW - Soil erosion KW - LiDAR Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.06.011 SN - 0169-555X SN - 1872-695X VL - 318 SP - 162 EP - 171 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Balderjahn, Ingo A1 - Peyer, Mathias A1 - Seegebarth, Barbara A1 - Wiedmann, Klaus-Peter A1 - Weber, Anja T1 - The many faces of sustainability-conscious consumers BT - a category-independent typology JF - Journal of Business Research N2 - Responding to the global call for a "sustainable economy" requires meaningful insights into sustainability-conscious consumers and their actual buying behaviors. Sustainable consumption is not an all-or-nothing phenomenon because it encompasses several distinct behavioral patterns and consumption types. Therefore, companies are well advised to recognize multiple types of sustainability-conscious consumers with different expectations, attitudes, and values and to implement targeting strategies that do not rest on the assumption of homogeneity. Thus, the objective of this study is to provide a more fine-grained picture of (un)sustainable consumer segments and their differentiated effects in different product markets. Based on three large datasets, we create a robust six-segment typology of consumer consciousness regarding sustainable consumption. By using panel data on actual purchases, the results show not only that sustainability concerns significantly positively influence actual sustainable purchases, as expected, but also that sustainable buying can occur independently of sustainability concerns. KW - Sustainability KW - Consumer typology KW - Consciousness regarding sustainable KW - consumption KW - Purchasing panel data KW - Human values Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.022 SN - 0148-2963 SN - 1873-7978 VL - 91 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - Elsevier CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - van Grunsven, Roy Hendrikus Antonius A1 - Jaehnichen, David A1 - Grubisic, Maja A1 - Hölker, Franz T1 - Slugs (Arionidae) benefit from nocturnal artificial illumination JF - Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological and Integrative Physiology N2 - Artificial illumination increases around the globe and this has been found to affect many groups of organisms and ecosystems. By manipulating nocturnal illumination using one large experimental field site with 24 streetlights and one dark control, we assessed the impact of artificial illumination on slugs over a period of 4 years. The number of slugs, primarily Arionidae, increased strongly in the illuminated site but not on the dark site. There are several nonexclusive explanations for this effect, including reduced predation and increased food quality in the form of carcasses of insects attracted by the light. As slugs play an important role in ecosystems and are also important pest species, the increase of slugs under artificial illumination cannot only affect ecosystem functioning but also have important economic consequences. KW - ALAN KW - Arionidae KW - gastropoda KW - light pollution KW - phototaxis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.2170 SN - 2471-5646 VL - 329 IS - 8-9 SP - 429 EP - 433 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fuchs, Sven A1 - Förster, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Braune, K. A1 - Förster, A. T1 - Calculation of Thermal Conductivity of Low-Porous, Isotropic Plutonic Rocks of the Crust at Ambient Conditions From Modal Mineralogy and Porosity BT - a Viable Alternative for Direct Measurement? JF - Journal of geophysical research : Solid earth N2 - Thermal conductivity (lambda) is an essential physical property of minerals and rocks and fundamental in constraining the thermal field of the lithosphere. In case that adequate samples to measure lambda are not available, it could be indirectly inferred from calculation. One of the most widely applied indirect methods for rocks involve modal mineralogy and porosity as parameters that are incorporated into mathematical mean or mixing models. Robust inferences from these approaches for crystalline rocks were impeded by a small number of studied samples or restriction to certain rock types. We employ this method and examine its applicability to low-porosity plutonic rocks by calculating bulk thermal conductivity lambda(b) for 45 samples covering the entire range from gabbro/diorite to granite. We show that the use of the harmonic-mean model for both rock matrix and porosity provided a good match between lambda(b.meas) and lambda(b.calc) of <10% deviation (2 sigma), with relative and absolute errors amounting to 1.49.7% and 4.44.9%, respectively. The results of our study constitute a big step forward to a robust conclusion on the overall applicability of the harmonic-mean model for inferring lambda(b) of isotropic, low-porosity, mafic to silicic plutonic and metamorphic rocks with an acceptable magnitude of error. Drill cuttings and enclaves form particularly interesting objects for application of this method, as they are poorly suited for direct measurement. Well-derived lambda values for those rocks would permit to calculate heat flow and to model more profoundly the thermal state of the deeper lithosphere. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016287 SN - 2169-9313 SN - 2169-9356 VL - 123 IS - 10 SP - 8602 EP - 8614 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gerber, Markus A1 - Ehrbar, Janine A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Antoniewicz, Franziska A1 - Brand, Serge A1 - Colledge, Flora A1 - Donath, Lars A1 - Egger, Stephan T. A1 - Hatzinger, Martin A1 - Holsboer-Trachsler, Edith A1 - Imboden, Christian A1 - Schweinfurth, Nina A1 - Vetter, Stefan A1 - Ludyga, Sebastian T1 - Implicit attitudes towards exercise and physical activity behaviour among in-patients with psychiatric disorders JF - Mental Health and Physical Activity N2 - The current body of evidence suggests that in healthy participants, implicit attitudes towards physical activity explain variance in exercise behaviour beyond explicit cognitive processes. However, such relationships have not been examined in psychiatric patients, although this may contribute to a better understanding of the motivational and volitional resources needed to self-regulate their exercise behaviour. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study aimed to assess implicit attitudes towards exercise among psychiatric in-patients, and to correlate these implicit attitudes with their physical activity levels. Patients (N = 101) showing a psychiatric disorder, but no severe cognitive impairment, were directly recruited from psychiatric clinics. Their physical activity levels were assessed using both accelerometers and self-reports. Additionally, patients reported psychiatric symptoms and performed a single-target implicit association test (ST-IAT) with exercise employed as the target category. Of all patients, 39% showed a preference for exercise, whereas 13% showed an aversion towards exercise. The implicit attitudes of the remaining participants were equally strong for both concepts. Based on correlational analysis (correcting for age, sex, psychiatric symptoms severity, and ST-IAT sequence), no association was found between ST-IAT score, or self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity. Consequently, the link between exercise behaviour and implicit attitudes towards physical activity found in healthy participants could not be observed in psychiatric patients. KW - Accelerometry KW - Automatic evaluation KW - Dual mode theory KW - Physical activity Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2018.08.001 SN - 1755-2966 VL - 15 SP - 71 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Bettina A1 - Götz, Robert A1 - Wrzolek, Pierre A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. A1 - Weidinger, Inez M. A1 - Schwalbe, Matthias A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla T1 - Enhancement of the Electrocatalytic Activity of Thienyl-Substituted Iron Porphyrin Electropolymers by a Hangman Effect JF - ChemCatChem : heterogeneous & homogeneous & bio- & nano-catalysis ; a journal of ChemPubSoc Europe N2 - The thiophene-modified iron porphyrin FeT3ThP and the respective iron Hangman porphyrin FeH3ThP, incorporating a carboxylic acid hanging group in the second coordination sphere of the iron center, were electropolymerized on glassy carbon electrodes using 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) as co-monomer. Scanning electron microscopy images and Resonance Raman spectra demonstrated incorporation of the porphyrin monomers into a fibrous polymer network. Porphyrin/polyEDOT films catalyzed the reduction of molecular oxygen in a four-electron reaction to water with onset potentials as high as +0.14V vs. Ag/AgCl in an aqueous solution of pH7. Further, FeT3ThP/polyEDOT films showed electrocatalytic activity towards reduction of hydrogen peroxide at highly positive potentials, which was significantly enhanced by introduction of the carboxylic acid hanging group in FeH3ThP. The second coordination sphere residue promotes formation of a highly oxidizing reaction intermediate, presumably via advantageous proton supply, as observed for peroxidases and catalases making FeH3ThP/polyEDOT films efficient mimics of heme enzymes. KW - activation of oxygen species KW - electro-polymerization KW - Hangman porphyrin KW - heterogeneous catalysis KW - immobilization Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201800934 SN - 1867-3880 SN - 1867-3899 VL - 10 IS - 19 SP - 4353 EP - 4361 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ayzel, Georgy V. T1 - Runoff predictions in ungauged arctic basins using conceptual models forced by reanalysis data JF - Water Resources N2 - Due to global warming, the problem of assessing water resources and their vulnerability to climate drivers in the Arctic region has become a focus in the recent years. This study is aimed at investigating three lumped hydrological models to predict daily runoff of large-scale Arctic basins in the case of substantial data scarcity. All models were driven only by meteorological forcing reanalysis dataset without any additional information about landscape, soil, or vegetation cover properties of the studied basins. Model parameter regionalization based on transferring the whole parameter set showed good efficiency for predictions in ungauged basins. We run a blind test of the proposed methodology for ensemble runoff predictions on five sub-basins, for which only monthly observations were available, and obtained promising results for current water resources assessment for a broad domain of ungauged basins in the Russian Arctic. KW - hydrologic modeling KW - runoff KW - ungauged basins KW - reanalysis KW - Arctic Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807818060180 SN - 0097-8078 SN - 1608-344X VL - 45 SP - S1 EP - S7 PB - Pleiades Publ. CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ehl, Birgit A1 - Paul, Michele A1 - Bruns, Gunnar A1 - Fleischhauer, Elisabeth A1 - Vock, Miriam A1 - Gronostaj, Anna A1 - Grosche, Michael T1 - Testgütekriterien der „Profilanalyse nach Grießhaber“. Evaluation eines Verfahrens zur Erfassung grammatischer Fähigkeiten von ein- und mehrsprachigen Grundschulkindern T1 - Test quality criteria of the "Profile analysis according to Griesshaber". Evaluation of an assessment method of grammatical abilities of mono- and multilingual primary school children JF - Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft N2 - Ein diagnostisches Ziel der „Profilanalyse nach Grießhaber“ ist die Testung der grammatischen Fähigkeit zur Verbstellung im Deutschen. Zur erstmaligen Evaluation der Testgüte wurden 403 ein- und mehrsprachige Grundschulkinder randomisiert drei verschiedenen Testmaterialien zugewiesen: Testmaterial, das die Zielkompetenz spezifisch stimulierte, führte zu den besten Testergebnissen. Dies spricht für eine geringe Durchführungsobjektivität. Zudem wurden Deckeneffekte für Grundschulkinder nachgewiesen, weshalb die Profilanalyse nur wenig zwischen den Grammatikfähigkeiten der Kinder differenzieren kann. Auch die Retest-Reliabilität und Auswertungsobjektivität sind noch zu gering. Zusammenfassend wird die Testgüte hinsichtlich aller betrachteten Testgütekriterien als verbesserungswürdig bewertet. Daraus werden die Empfehlungen abgeleitet, die Profilanalyse stärker zu standardisieren und um sensitivere diagnostische Kriterien für das Grundschulalter zu ergänzen. Weitere Ziele der Profilanalyse, z. B. die Verbesserung diagnostischer Kompetenzen von Lehrkräften, sind in Folgeprojekten zu evaluieren. N2 - Adiagnostic goal of the Profile analysis according to Grie ss haber is the assessment of the grammatical ability to place verbs in German sentences in the correct syntactical position. To evaluate the test quality for the first time, 403 monolingual and multilingual primary school children were randomly assigned to three different test materials: Test material that specifically stimulated the target competence led to the best test results. This indicates alow objectivity of application. In addition, ceiling effects for primary school children were detected, which means that the profile analysis can only slightly differentiate among the grammatical abilities of the children. Retest reliability and objectivity of analysis are also too small. In summary, the test quality of the assessment tool should be improved with respect to all of the test quality criteria considered. Hence, we recommend standardizing the profile analysis better and adding more sensitive diagnostic criteria for primary school aged children. Other aspects of profile analysis, for example the improvement of diagnostic competencies of teachers, are recommended for future research. KW - Grammar KW - Language Assessment KW - Multilingualism KW - Primary School KW - Validity KW - Grammatik KW - Mehrsprachigkeit KW - Sprachdiagnostik KW - Grundschule KW - Validität Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-018-0835-x SN - 1434-663X SN - 1862-5215 VL - 21 IS - 6 SP - 1261 EP - 1281 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jacob, Gunnar A1 - Heyer, Vera A1 - Verissimo, Joao Marques T1 - Aiming at the same target BT - a masked priming study directly comparing derivation and inflection in the second language JF - International journal of bilingualism : cross-disciplinary, cross-linguistic studies of language behavior N2 - Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: We compared the processing of morphologically complex derived vs. inflected forms in native speakers of German and highly proficient native Russian second language (L2) learners of German. Design/methodology/approach: We measured morphological priming effects for derived and inflected German words. To ensure that priming effects were genuinely morphological, the design also contained semantic and orthographic control conditions. Data and analysis: 40 native speakers of German and 36 native Russian learners of L2 German participated in a masked-priming lexical-decision experiment. For both participant groups, priming effects for derived vs. inflected words were compared using linear mixed effects models. Findings/conclusions: While first language (L1) speakers showed similar facilitation effects for both derived and inflected primes, L2 speakers showed a difference between the two prime types, with robust priming effects only for derived, but not for inflected forms. Originality: Unlike in previous studies investigating derivation and inflection in L2 processing, priming effects for derived and inflected prime-target pairs were determined on the basis of the same target word, allowing for a direct comparison between the two morphological phenomena. In this respect, this is the first study to directly compare the processing of derived vs. inflected forms in L2 speakers. Significance/implications: The results are inconsistent with accounts predicting general L1/L2 differences for all types of morphologically complex forms as well as accounts assuming that L1 and L2 processing are based on the same mechanisms. We discuss theoretical implications for L2 processing mechanisms, and propose an explanation which can account for the data pattern. KW - Morphological processing KW - derivation KW - inflection KW - second language (L2) learners KW - masked priming Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006916688333 SN - 1367-0069 SN - 1756-6878 VL - 22 IS - 6 SP - 619 EP - 637 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kurze, Susanne A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Fartmann, Thomas T1 - Nitrogen enrichment in host plants increases the mortality of common Lepidoptera species JF - Oecologia N2 - The recent decline of Lepidoptera species strongly correlates with the increasing intensification of agriculture in Western and Central Europe. However, the effects of changed host-plant quality through agricultural fertilization on this insect group remain largely unexplored. For this reason, we tested the response of six common butterfly and moth species to host-plant fertilization using fertilizer quantities usually applied in agriculture. The larvae of the study species Coenonympha pamphilus, Lycaena phlaeas, Lycaena tityrus, Pararge aegeria, Rivula sericealis and Timandra comae were distributed according to a split-brood design to three host-plant treatments comprising one control treatment without fertilization and two fertilization treatments with an input of 150 and 300kgNha(-1)year(-1), respectively. In L.tityrus, we used two additional fertilization treatments with an input of 30 and 90kgNha(-1)year(-1), respectively. Fertilization increased the nitrogen concentration of both host-plant species, Rumex acetosella and Poa pratensis, and decreased the survival of larvae in all six Lepidoptera species by at least one-third, without clear differences between sorrel- and grass-feeding species. The declining survival rate in all species contradicts the well-accepted nitrogen-limitation hypothesis, which predicts a positive response in species performance to dietary nitrogen content. In contrast, this study presents the first evidence that current fertilization quantities in agriculture exceed the physiological tolerance of common Lepidoptera species. Our results suggest that (1) the negative effect of plant fertilization on Lepidoptera has previously been underestimated and (2) that it contributes to the range-wide decline of Lepidoptera. KW - Agricultural fertilization KW - Global change KW - Host-plant quality KW - Nitrogen-limitation hypothesis KW - Rearing experiment Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4266-4 SN - 0029-8549 SN - 1432-1939 VL - 188 IS - 4 SP - 1227 EP - 1237 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Baran, Andrzej S. A1 - Ostensen, R. H. A1 - Telting, J. H. A1 - Vos, Joris A1 - Kilkenny, D. A1 - Vuckovic, Maja A1 - Reed, M. D. A1 - Silvotti, R. A1 - Jeffery, C. Simon A1 - Parsons, Steven G. A1 - Dhillon, V. S. A1 - Marsh, T. R. T1 - Pulsations and eclipse-time analysis of HW Vir JF - Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society N2 - We analysed recent K2 data of the short-period eclipsing binary system HW Vir, which consists of a hot subdwarf-B type primary with an M-dwarf companion. We determined the mid-times of eclipses, calculated O-C diagrams, and an average shift of the secondary minimum. Our results show that the orbital period is stable within the errors over the course of the 70 days of observations. Interestingly, the offset from mid-orbital phase between the primary and the secondary eclipses is found to be 1.62 s. If the shift is explained solely by light-travel time, the mass of the sdB primary must be 0.26 M-circle dot, which is too low for the star to be core-helium burning. However, we argue that this result is unlikely to be correct and that a number of effects caused by the relative sizes of the stars conspire to reduce the effective light-travel time measurement. After removing the flux variation caused by the orbit, we calculated the amplitude spectrum to search for pulsations. The spectrum clearly shows periodic signal from close to the orbital frequency up to 4600 mu Hz, with the majority of peaks found below 2600 mu Hz. The amplitudes are below 0.1 part-per-thousand, too low to be detected with ground-based photometry. Thus, the high-precision data from the Kepler spacecraft has revealed that the primary of the HW Vir system is a pulsating sdBV star. We argue that the pulsation spectrum of the primary in HW Vir differs from that in other sdB stars due to its relatively fast rotation that is (nearly) phase-locked with the orbit. KW - binaries: eclipsing KW - stars: oscillations KW - subdwarfs Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty2473 SN - 0035-8711 SN - 1365-2966 VL - 481 IS - 2 SP - 2721 EP - 2735 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheall, Scott A1 - Schumacher, Reinhard T1 - Karl Menger as Son of Carl Menger JF - History of political economy N2 - Relatively little is known about the relationship between Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian school of economics, and his son, Karl Menger, the mathematician, geometer, logician, and philosopher of science, whose mathematical colloquium at the University of Vienna was essential for the development of mathematical economics. Based on Karl Menger’s diaries and correspondence, the present paper considers the development and struggles of the young Karl Menger, focusing on the years 1919–23, when Vienna was a vanquished city. We discuss the various relations within the Menger family and their significance for Karl Menger’s intellectual development. Additionally, we consider his acquaintances with economists such as Knut Wicksell, David Davidson, and Eli Heckscher as well as the younger Menger’s work in economics. We shed new light on his editorship of the second edition of his father’s Grundsätze der Volkswirtschaftslehre. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1215/00182702-7202512 SN - 0018-2702 SN - 1527-1919 VL - 50 IS - 4 SP - 649 EP - 678 PB - Duke Univ. Press CY - Durham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maximova, Maria A1 - Giese, Holger A1 - Krause, Christian T1 - Probabilistic timed graph transformation systems JF - Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming N2 - Today, software has become an intrinsic part of complex distributed embedded real-time systems. The next generation of embedded real-time systems will interconnect the today unconnected systems via complex software parts and the service-oriented paradigm. Due to these interconnections, the architecture of systems can be subject to changes at run-time, e.g. when dynamic binding of service end-points is employed or complex collaborations are established dynamically. However, suitable formalisms and techniques that allow for modeling and analysis of timed and probabilistic behavior of such systems as well as of their structure dynamics do not exist so far. To fill the identified gap, we propose Probabilistic Timed Graph Transformation Systems (PTGTSs) as a high-level description language that supports all the necessary aspects of structure dynamics, timed behavior, and probabilistic behavior. We introduce the formal model of PTGTSs in this paper as well as present and formally verify a mapping of models with finite state spaces to probabilistic timed automata (PTA) that allows to use the PRISM model checker to analyze PTGTS models with respect to PTCTL properties. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KW - Graph transformations KW - Probabilistic timed automata KW - PTCTL KW - PRISM model checker KW - HENSHIN Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlamp.2018.09.003 SN - 2352-2208 VL - 101 SP - 110 EP - 131 PB - Elsevier CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Garcia, Rowena A1 - Dery, Jeruen E. A1 - Roeser, Jens A1 - Höhle, Barbara T1 - Word order preferences of Tagalog-speaking adults and children JF - First language N2 - This article investigates the word order preferences of Tagalog-speaking adults and five- and seven-year-old children. The participants were asked to complete sentences to describe pictures depicting actions between two animate entities. Adults preferred agent-initial constructions in the patient voice but not in the agent voice, while the children produced mainly agent-initial constructions regardless of voice. This agent-initial preference, despite the lack of a close link between the agent and the subject in Tagalog, shows that this word order preference is not merely syntactically-driven (subject-initial preference). Additionally, the children’s agent-initial preference in the agent voice, contrary to the adults’ lack of preference, shows that children do not respect the subject-last principle of ordering Tagalog full noun phrases. These results suggest that language-specific optional features like a subject-last principle take longer to be acquired. KW - Child language acquisition KW - sentence production KW - Tagalog acquisition KW - voice KW - word order Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0142723718790317 SN - 0142-7237 SN - 1740-2344 VL - 38 IS - 6 SP - 617 EP - 640 PB - Sage Publ. CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nitezki, Tina A1 - Schulz, Nadja A1 - Krämer, Stephanie T1 - Color matters BT - They would choose if they could (see)! JF - Laboratory animals : the international journal of laboratory animal science and welfare N2 - Concerning standardization of laboratory animal husbandry, only exiguous changes of habitat can potentially influence animal physiology or results of behavioral tests. Routinely, mice chow is dyed when different types of diets are dispensed. Given the fact that the dye itself has no effects on food odor or flavor, we wanted to test the hypothesis that the color of chow has an impact on food uptake in mice. Twelve-week-old male mice of different strains (C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, C3H/HeJ, BALB/cJ; n = 12/strain) were single-housed in PhenoMaster (R) cages. After acclimatization standard mice chow in different colors was administered. Food intake was monitored as a two-alternative choice test of different color combinations. All animals had an average food intake of 3 g/d and no preferences were observed when a combination of identically colored food was offered. Preference tests yielded significant aversion to blue food and significant attraction to yellow and green food in C57BL/6 and DBA/2J mice. In C3H/HeJ and BALB/cJ mice no color-related pattern occurred. Selected mice strains have known differences concerning functionality of their visual sense. C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice are considered to be normal sighted at testing age, BALB/c is representative for albino strains and C3H mice carry mutations resulting in retinal alterations. Results suggesting that normal-sighted mice would be selective concerning food color when given the choice. Nevertheless, this does not influence overall quantity of food intake when animals were provided solely with food colored with a single dye. Moreover, visually impaired mice showed no color-related food preferences. N2 - Concernant la normalisation des élevages d’animaux de laboratoire, seuls des changements mineurs de leur habitat peuvent potentiellement influencer la physiologie des animaux ou les résultats des tests comportementaux. Habituellement, la nourriture des souris show est colorée en fonction des différents types de régimes administrés. Étant donné que la couleur n’a aucun effet sur l’odeur ou le goût des aliments, nous avons souhaité vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle la couleur des aliments a un impact sur la quantité consommée par les souris. Des souris mâles âgés de 12 semaines issus de différentes souches (C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, C3H/HeJ, BALB/cJ; n = 12/souche) ont été hébergés individuellement dans des cages PhenoMaster®. Après une phase d’acclimatation, des aliments normaux de couleurs différentes ont été administrés. La consommation alimentaire a été mesurée dans le cadre d’un test permettant aux souris de choisir entre deux combinaisons de couleurs différentes. Tous les animaux ont consommé en moyenne 3 g de nourriture par jour et aucune préférence n’a été remarquée lorsqu’une combinaison d’aliments de couleur identique était offerte. Les tests de préférence ont révélé une forte aversion aux aliments de couleur bleue et une attirance importante envers les aliments de couleurs jaune et verte chez les souris C57BL/6 et DBA/2J. Chez les souris C3H/HeJ et BALB/cJ, aucune préférence basée sur les couleurs n’a été observée. Les lignées de souris sélectionnées présentent des différences connues en ce qui concerne la fonctionnalité de leur sens visuel. Il est considéré que les souris C57BL/6 et DBA/2 possèdent une vue normale au moment du test. La lignée BALB/c représente les souches de souris albinos et les souris C3H sont porteuses de mutations entraînant des modifications de la rétine. Les résultats suggèrent que les souris possédant une vue normale sont sélectives en ce qui concerne la couleur des aliments lorsqu’on leur donne le choix. De manière générale, ceci n’influence toutefois pas la quantité de nourriture consommée lorsque les animaux reçoivent uniquement des aliments ne présentant qu’une seule couleur. Par ailleurs, les souris malvoyantes n’ont affiché aucune préférence alimentaire associée aux couleurs. N2 - Bei der Standardisierung der Labortierhaltung können schon geringfügige Veränderungen des Habitats die Physiologie des Tieres oder die Ergebnisse von Verhaltenstests beeinflussen. Routinemäßig wird das Futter von Mäusen gefärbt, wenn verschiedene Arten von Diäten verabreicht werden. Angesichts der Tatsache, dass der Farbstoff selbst keine Auswirkungen auf den Lebensmittelgeruch oder -geschmack hat, wollten wir die Hypothese testen, dass die Futterfarbe einen Einfluss auf die Nahrungsaufnahme bei Mäusen hat. 12 Wochen alte männliche Mäuse verschiedener Stämme (C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, C3H/HeJ, BALB/cJ; n = 12/Stamm) wurden einzeln in PhenoMaster® Käfigen untergebracht. Nach der Akklimatisierung wurde Standard-Mäusefutter in verschiedenen Farben verabreicht. Die Nahrungsaufnahme wurde als ein Zwei-Alternativen-Wahltest verschiedener Farbkombinationen überwacht. Alle Tiere nahmen durchschnittlich 3 g/Tag Nahrung auf und es wurden keine Präferenzen beobachtet, wenn eine Kombination von gleichfarbigen Futtermitteln angeboten wurde. Präferenztests ergaben eine signifikante Abneigung gegen blaues Futter und eine signifikante Vorliebe für gelbes und grünes Futter bei C57BL/6- und DBA/2J-Mäusen. Bei C3H/HeJ- und BALB/cJ-Mäusen waren keine farbbezogenen Muster erkennbar. Ausgewählte Stämme von Mäusen weisen bekanntermaßen Unterschiede in der Funktionalität ihres Sehsinns auf. C57BL/6- und DBA/2-Mäuse gelten im Testalter als normalsichtig, BALB/c sind repräsentativ für Albino-Stämme und C3H-Mäuse sind von Mutationen betroffen, die zu Netzhautveränderungen führen. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass normalsichtige Mäuse selektiv in Bezug auf die Futterfarbe sein dürften, sofern sie die Wahl haben. Dies hat jedoch keinen Einfluss auf die Gesamtmenge der Nahrungsaufnahme, wenn die Tiere ausschließlich mit durch einen einzigen Farbstoff gefärbtem Futter versorgt wurden. Außerdem zeigten sehbehinderte Mäuse keine farbbezogenen Futtervorlieben. KW - refinement KW - color vision KW - food choice KW - color preference KW - eating Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0023677218766370 SN - 0023-6772 SN - 1758-1117 VL - 52 IS - 6 SP - 611 EP - 620 PB - Sage Publ. CY - Thousand Oaks ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gajda, J. A1 - Wylomanska, Agnieszka A1 - Kantz, Holger A1 - Chechkin, Aleksei V. A1 - Sikora, Grzegorz T1 - Large deviations of time-averaged statistics for Gaussian processes JF - Statistics & Probability Letters N2 - In this paper we study the large deviations of time averaged mean square displacement (TAMSD) for Gaussian processes. The theory of large deviations is related to the exponential decay of probabilities of large fluctuations in random systems. From the mathematical point of view a given statistics satisfies the large deviation principle, if the probability that it belongs to a certain range decreases exponentially. The TAMSD is one of the main statistics used in the problem of anomalous diffusion detection. Applying the theory of generalized chi-squared distribution and sub-gamma random variables we prove the upper bound for large deviations of TAMSD for Gaussian processes. As a special case we consider fractional Brownian motion, one of the most popular models of anomalous diffusion. Moreover, we derive the upper bound for large deviations of the estimator for the anomalous diffusion exponent. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Large deviation statistics KW - Fractional Brownian motion KW - Anomalous diffusion exponent KW - Sub-gamma random variable Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2018.07.013 SN - 0167-7152 SN - 1879-2103 VL - 143 SP - 47 EP - 55 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yalcinkaya, Hacer A1 - Bressel, Katharina A1 - Lindner, Peter A1 - Gradzielski, Michael T1 - Controlled formation of vesicles with added styrene and their fixation by polymerization JF - Journal of colloid and interface science N2 - Hypothesis: An effective way for fixating vesicle structures is the insertion of monomers and cross-linking agents into their bilayer, and their subsequent polymerization can lead to the formation of polymeric nanocapsules. Particularly attractive here are vesicle systems that form spontaneously well-defined small vesicles, as obtaining such small nanocapsules with sizes below 100 nm is still challenging. Experiments: A spontaneously forming well-defined vesicle system composed of the surfactants TDMAO (tetradecyldimethylamine oxide), Pluronic L35, and LiPFOS (lithium perfluorooctylsulfonate) mixture was used as template for fixation by polymerization. Therefore, styrene monomer was incorporated into the vesicle bilayer and ultimately these structures were fixated by UV induced radical polymerization. Structural alteration of the vesicles upon loading with monomer and the cross-linker as well as the effect of subsequent polymerization in the membrane were investigated in detail by turbidity measurements, dynamic and static light scattering, (DLS, SLS), and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Findings: The analysis showed the changes on vesicle structures due to the monomer loading, and that these structures can become permanently fixed by the polymerization process. The potential of this approach to produce well-defined nanocapsules starting from a self-assembled system and following polymerization is critically evaluated. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KW - Template reaction KW - Zwitterionic surfactant KW - Anionic surfactant KW - Styrene KW - Vesicle KW - Small angle neutron scattering KW - Polymerization Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.097 SN - 0021-9797 SN - 1095-7103 VL - 531 SP - 672 EP - 680 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schütz, Felina A1 - Winterleitner, Gerd A1 - Huenges, Ernst T1 - Geothermal exploration in a sedimentary basin BT - new continuous temperature data and physical rock properties from northern Oman JF - Geothermal Energy N2 - The lateral and vertical temperature distribution in Oman is so far only poorly understood, particularly in the area between Muscat and the Batinah coast, which is the area of this study and which is composed of Cenozoic sediments developed as part of a foreland basin of the Makran Thrust Zone. Temperature logs (T-logs) were run and physical rock properties of the sediments were analyzed to understand the temperature distribution, thermal and hydraulic properties, and heat-transport processes within the sedimentary cover of northern Oman. An advective component is evident in the otherwise conduction-dominated geothermal play system, and is caused by both topography and density driven flow. Calculated temperature gradients (T-gradients) in two wells that represent conductive conditions are 18.7 and 19.5 °C km−1, corresponding to about 70–90 °C at 2000–3000 m depth. This indicates a geothermal potential that can be used for energy intensive applications like cooling or water desalinization. Sedimentation in the foreland basin was initiated after the obduction of the Semail Ophiolite in the late Campanian, and reflects the complex history of alternating periods of transgressive and regressive sequences with erosion of the Oman Mountains. Thermal and hydraulic parameters were analyzed of the basin’s heterogeneous clastic and carbonate sedimentary sequence. Surface heat-flow values of 46.4 and 47.9 mW m−2 were calculated from the T-logs and calculated thermal conductivity values in two wells. The results of this study serve as a starting point for assessing different geothermal applications that may be suitable for northern Oman. KW - Continuous temperature logging KW - Physical rock properties KW - Sedimentary basin KW - Geothermal applications in Oman Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40517-018-0091-6 SN - 2195-9706 VL - 6 IS - 1 PB - Springer CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uber, Magdalena A1 - Vandervaere, Jean-Pierre A1 - Zin, Isabella A1 - Braud, Isabelle A1 - Heistermann, Maik A1 - Legout, Cedric A1 - Molinie, Gilles A1 - Nord, Guillaume T1 - How does initial soil moisture influence the hydrological response? A case study from southern France JF - Hydrology and earth system sciences : HESS N2 - The phi(ev) is calculated from high-resolution discharge and precipitation data for several rain events with a cumulative precipitation P-cum ranging from less than 5mm to more than 80 mm. Because of the high uncertainty of phi(ev) associated with the hydrograph separation method, phi(ev) is calculated with several methods, including graphical methods, digital filters and a tracer-based method. The results indicate that the hydrological response depends on (theta) over bar (ini): during dry conditions phi(ev) is consistently below 0.1, even for events with high and intense precipitation. Above a threshold of (theta) over bar (ini) = 34 vol % phi(ev) can reach values up to 0.99 but there is a high scatter. Some variability can be explained with a weak correlation of phi(ev) with P-cum and rain intensity, but a considerable part of the variability remains unexplained. It is concluded that threshold-based methods can be helpful to prevent overestimation of the hydrological response during dry catchment conditions. The impact of soil moisture on the hydrological response during wet catchment conditions, however, is still insufficiently understood and cannot be generalized based on the present results. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6127-2018 SN - 1027-5606 SN - 1607-7938 VL - 22 IS - 12 SP - 6127 EP - 6146 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Himi, Mahjoub A1 - Casado, Ismael A1 - Sendros, Alex A1 - Lovera, Raul A1 - Rivero, Lluis A1 - Casas, Albert T1 - Assessing preferential seepage and monitoring mortar injection through an earthen dam settled over a gypsiferous substrate using combined geophysical methods JF - Engineering geology N2 - For several decades the Sant Llorenc de Montgai reservoir has experienced different problems that could affect the safety of the engineering structure. For this reason, several corrective actions have been taken over the years. Here, we present a study involving complementary geophysical methods including electrical resistivity tomography, seismic refraction tomography and frequency-domain electromagnetic surveys. The analysis of the inverted electrical resistivity tomography cross-sections combined with the seismic refraction results and land subsidence monitoring data show the likely mechanism of abnormal seepage. The areas where mortar injections were applied as a corrective measure are also clearly delineated. In addition, the evolution of the state of the embankment has been established from two successive electrical resistivity tomography surveys in the last two decades. The results show areas where corrective mortar injections have been effective, while in other areas new abnormal seepage has been detected. The lithological heterogeneity of the bedrock, especially the dissolution of gypsum-rich rocks, induced subsidence effects and caused abnormal seepage in different areas along the embankment. Our results indicate how corrective solutions can be optimized to reduce the cost of corrective engineering interventions. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2018.10.002 SN - 0013-7952 SN - 1872-6917 VL - 246 SP - 212 EP - 221 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Asgarimehr, Milad A1 - Zavorotny, Valery A1 - Wickert, Jens A1 - Reich, Sebastian T1 - Can GNSS Reflectometry Detect Precipitation Over Oceans? JF - Geophysical research letters N2 - For the first time, a rain signature in Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) observations is demonstrated. Based on the argument that the forward quasi-specular scattering relies upon surface gravity waves with lengths larger than several wavelengths of the reflected signal, a commonly made conclusion is that the scatterometric GNSS-R measurements are not sensitive to the surface small-scale roughness generated by raindrops impinging on the ocean surface. On the contrary, this study presents an evidence that the bistatic radar cross section sigma(0) derived from TechDemoSat-1 data is reduced due to rain at weak winds, lower than approximate to 6 m/s. The decrease is as large as approximate to 0.7 dB at the wind speed of 3 m/s due to a precipitation of 0-2 mm/hr. The simulations based on the recently published scattering theory provide a plausible explanation for this phenomenon which potentially enables the GNSS-R technique to detect precipitation over oceans at low winds. KW - GNSS Reflectometry KW - rain detection KW - rain splash KW - TDS-1 KW - ocean surface KW - electromagnetic scattering Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079708 SN - 0094-8276 SN - 1944-8007 VL - 45 IS - 22 SP - 12585 EP - 12592 PB - American Geophysical Union CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Knudsen, Erlend Moster A1 - Heinold, Bernd A1 - Dahlke, Sandro A1 - Bozem, Heiko A1 - Crewell, Susanne A1 - Gorodetskaya, Irina V. A1 - Heygster, Georg A1 - Kunkel, Daniel A1 - Maturilli, Marion A1 - Mech, Mario A1 - Viceto, Carolina A1 - Rinke, Annette A1 - Schmithusen, Holger A1 - Ehrlich, Andre A1 - Macke, Andreas A1 - Lüpkes, Christof A1 - Wendisch, Manfred T1 - Meteorological conditions during the ACLOUD/PASCAL field campaign near Svalbard in early summer 2017 JF - Atmospheric chemistry and physics N2 - The two concerted field campaigns, Arctic CLoud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day (ACLOUD) and the Physical feedbacks of Arctic planetary boundary level Sea ice, Cloud and AerosoL (PASCAL), took place near Svalbard from 23 May to 26 June 2017. They were focused on studying Arctic mixed-phase clouds and involved observations from two airplanes (ACLOUD), an icebreaker (PASCAL) and a tethered balloon, as well as ground-based stations. Here, we present the synoptic development during the 35-day period of the campaigns, using near-surface and upper-air meteorological observations, as well as operational satellite, analysis, and reanalysis data. Over the campaign period, short-term synoptic variability was substantial, dominating over the seasonal cycle. During the first campaign week, cold and dry Arctic air from the north persisted, with a distinct but seasonally unusual cold air outbreak. Cloudy conditions with mostly low-level clouds prevailed. The subsequent 2 weeks were characterized by warm and moist maritime air from the south and east, which included two events of warm air advection. These synoptical disturbances caused lower cloud cover fractions and higher-reaching cloud systems. In the final 2 weeks, adiabatically warmed air from the west dominated, with cloud properties strongly varying within the range of the two other periods. Results presented here provide synoptic information needed to analyze and interpret data of upcoming studies from ACLOUD/PASCAL, while also offering unprecedented measurements in a sparsely observed region. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17995-2018 SN - 1680-7316 SN - 1680-7324 VL - 18 IS - 24 SP - 17995 EP - 18022 PB - Copernicus CY - Göttingen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grosche, Michael A1 - Vock, Miriam T1 - Inklusion JF - Handwörterbuch Pädagogische Psychologie Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-621-28297-0 SP - 260 EP - 268 PB - Beltz CY - Weinheim ET - 5. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Giest, Hartmut A1 - Lompscher, Joachim T1 - Lehrstrategien JF - Handwörterbuch pädagogische Psychologie Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-621-28297-0 SP - 408 EP - 416 PB - Weinheim CY - Basel ET - 5., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Brunstein, Joachim C. A1 - Spörer, Nadine T1 - Selbstgesteuertes Lernen JF - Handwörterbuch pädagogische Psychologie Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-621-28297-0 SP - 742 EP - 749 PB - Weinheim CY - Beltz ET - 5., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmidt, Anne A1 - Weigelt, Sarah T1 - Neuronale Prozesse in der Adoleszenz JF - Handbuch Jugend : psychologische Sichtweisen auf Veränderungen in der Adoleszenz Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-17-029859-0 SP - 35 EP - 52 PB - Kohlhammer CY - Stuttgart ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Clemens, Christiane A1 - Heinemann, Maik T1 - The effects of international financial integration in a model with heterogeneous firms and credit frictions JF - Macroeconomic Dynamics N2 - This paper examines the consequences of international financial integration in a two-sector standard incomplete markets model with occupational choice under risk and financial constraints affecting entrepreneurial activity. We endogenize international productivity differences and discuss the implications of international integration for the macroeconomy, inequality, and welfare. Lending countries are characterized by tighter domestic constraints and experience an increase in gross national product, whereas the gross domestic product effect is ambiguous. We conclude that international integration is beneficial only for economies where there are substantial financial constraints on entrepreneurial activity. Otherwise, a majority of households suffer, due to the unequal distribution of welfare gains and losses across the heterogeneous population. KW - Financial Constraints KW - International Capital Flows KW - Heterogeneous Agents KW - Occupational Choice Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1365100517000979 SN - 1365-1005 SN - 1469-8056 VL - 23 IS - 7 SP - 2815 EP - 2844 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Böhm, Verónica Julia A1 - Hennemann, Anja T1 - The Spanish imperfecto as a construal form for the conceptualization of state of affairs in journalistic texts N2 - This study adopts a cognitive approach to the analysis of the use of the Spanish imperfecto as a construal form for the conceptualization of state of affairs in certain journalistic texts. In doing so, the main focus of the study is to investigate cognitive processes like modalization and subjectivization, which are related to the speaker’s standpoint and to his subjective, not grammatically motivated, decision to use the imperfective instead of the perfective form. By the help of the corpus programmes GlossaNet and CREA (corpus of the Real Academia Española) we analyze the imperfective use of some Spanish verbs, which are semantically perfective in nature so that the normative use would require a perfective form. In other words, we investigate how the speaker/journalist construes a reality or situation to be expressed by means of the imperfecto and show that this use of the imperfect is typical for journalistic discourse. KW - cognitive grammar KW - Spanish imperfect KW - modalization KW - subjectivization Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416094 ER -