TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dellinger, Agnes S.
A1  - Essl, Franz
A1  - Hojsgaard, Diego
A1  - Kirchheimer, Bernhard
A1  - Klatt, Simone
A1  - Dawson, Wayne
A1  - Pergl, Jan
A1  - Pysek, Petr
A1  - van Kleunen, Mark
A1  - Weber, Ewald
A1  - Winter, Marten
A1  - Hoerandl, Elvira
A1  - Dullinger, Stefan
T1  - Niche dynamics of alien species do not differ among sexual and apomictic flowering plants
JF  - New phytologist : international journal of plant science
N2  - We compiled global occurrence data sets of 13 congeneric sexual and apomictic species pairs, and used principal components analysis (PCA) and kernel smoothers to compare changes in climatic niche optima, breadths and unfilling/expansion between native and alien ranges. Niche change metrics were compared between sexual and apomictic species. All 26 species showed changes in niche optima and/or breadth and 14 species significantly expanded their climatic niches. However, we found no effect of the reproductive system on niche dynamics. Instead, species with narrower native niches showed higher rates of niche expansion in the alien ranges. Our results suggest that niche shifts are frequent in plant invasions but evolutionary potential may not be of major importance for such shifts. Niche dynamics rather appear to be driven by changes of the realized niche without adaptive change of the fundamental climatic niche.
KW  - adaptation
KW  - asexual reproduction
KW  - niche shifts
KW  - plant invasion
KW  - reproductive system
KW  - species distribution modelling
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.13694
SN  - 0028-646X
SN  - 1469-8137
VL  - 209
SP  - 1313
EP  - 1323
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
CY  - Hoboken
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Heinze, Johannes
A1  - Gensch, Sabine
A1  - Weber, Ewald
A1  - Joshi, Jasmin Radha
T1  - Soil temperature modifies effects of soil biota on plant growth
JF  - Journal of plant ecology
N2  - Aims Plants directly and indirectly interact with many abiotic and biotic soil components. Research so far mostly focused on direct, individual abiotic or biotic effects on plant growth, but only few studies tested the indirect effects of abiotic soil factors on plant growth. Therefore, we investigated how abiotic soil conditions affect plant performance, via changes induced by soil biota. Methods In a full-factorial experiment, we grew the widespread grass Dactylis glomerata either with or without soil biota and investigated the impact of soil temperature, fertility and moisture on the soil biota effects on plant growth. We measured biomass production, root traits and colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as well as microbial respiration. Important Findings We found significant interaction effects between abiotic soil conditions and soil biota on plant growth for fertility, but especially for soil temperature, as an increase of 10 degrees C significantly changed the soil biota effects on plant growth from positive to neutral. However, if tested individually, an increase in soil temperature and fertility per se positively affected plant biomass production, whereas soil biota per se did not affect overall plant growth, but both influenced root architecture. By affecting soil microbial activity and root architecture, soil temperature might influence both mutualistic and pathogenic interactions between plants and soil biota. Such soil temperature effects should be considered in soil feedback studies to ensure greater transferability of results from artificial and experimental conditions to natural environmental conditions.
KW  - plant-soil interaction
KW  - soil biota
KW  - abiotic soil factors
KW  - root traits
KW  - plant growth
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtw097
SN  - 1752-9921
SN  - 1752-993X
VL  - 10
SP  - 808
EP  - 821
PB  - Oxford Univ. Press
CY  - Oxford
ER  -