TY  - JOUR
A1  - Juang, Linda P.
A1  - Shen, Yishan
A1  - Kim, Su Yeong
A1  - Wang, Yijie
T1  - Development of an Asian American Parental Racial-Ethnic Socialization Scale
JF  - Learning and individual differences
N2  - Objective: To develop a measure of parental racial-ethnic socialization that is appropriate for Asian American families. Method: To test the reliability and validity of this new measure, we surveyed 575 Asian American emerging adults (49% female, 79% U.S. born). Results: Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the results show 7 reliable subscales: maintenance of heritage culture, becoming American, awareness of discrimination, avoidance of other groups, minimization of race, promotion of equality, and cultural pluralism. Tests of factorial invariance show that overall, the subscales demonstrate, at minimum, partial metric invariance across gender, age, nativity, educational attainment, parent educational attainment, geographic region of residence, and Asian-heritage region. Thus, the relations among the subscales with other variables can be compared across these different subgroups. The subscales also correlated with ethnic identity, ethnic centrality, perceptions of discrimination, and pluralistic orientation, demonstrating construct validity. Conclusion: In an increasingly complex and diverse social world, our scale will be useful for gaining a better understanding of how Asian American parents socialize their children regarding issues of race, discrimination, culture, and diversity.
KW  - Asian American
KW  - parental racial-ethnic socialization
KW  - scale development
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1037/cdp0000083
SN  - 1099-9809
SN  - 1939-0106
VL  - 22
SP  - 417
EP  - 431
PB  - American Psychological Association
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Juang, Linda P.
A1  - Ittel, Angela
A1  - Hoferichter, Frances
A1  - Gallarin, Miriam
T1  - Perceived Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Adjustment Among Ethnically Diverse College Students: Family and Peer Support as Protective Factors
JF  - Journal of college student development
N2  - Adopting a risk and resilience perspective, the current study examined whether family cohesion and peer support functioned as protective factors against the negative effects of racial/ethnic discrimination by peers. The sample included 142 ethnically diverse college students. The results showed that while greater perceived discrimination was related to poorer adjustment (in terms of depressive symptoms, somatization, and loneliness), peer support, but not family cohesion, modified some of these relations. The findings highlight the importance of identifying protective factors in the contexts of family and peers. Doing so moves research on discrimination beyond targeting only individual level characteristics (such as a stronger ethnic identity or personal coping strategies) to include factors concerning a broader network of support in understanding how the negative effects of discrimination may be tempered.
Y1  - 2016
SN  - 0897-5264
SN  - 1543-3382
VL  - 57
SP  - 380
EP  - 394
PB  - Johns Hopkins Univ. Press
CY  - Baltimore
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Juang, Linda P.
A1  - Moffitt, Ursula Elinor
A1  - Kim, Su Yeong
A1  - Lee, Richard M.
A1  - Soto, Jose Angel
A1  - Hurley, Eric
A1  - Weisskirch, Robert S.
A1  - Blozis, Shelley A.
A1  - Castillo, Linda G.
A1  - Huynh, Que-Lam
A1  - Whitborne, Susan Krauss
T1  - Cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression: Links to racial-ethnic
discrimination and adjustment among Latino/a and Asian-heritage college
students
JF  - Journal of adolescence
N2  - Objective: We examined whether two key emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, moderated the relations between discrimination (i.e., foreigner objectification and general denigration) and adjustment.
 Methods: Participants were U.S. Latino/a and Asian-heritage college students (N = 1,279, 67% female, 72% U.S. born) from the Multi-Site University Study of Identity and Culture (MUSIC). Students completed online self-report surveys in 2009.
 Results: Multi-group path analysis demonstrated that a fully constrained model fit well for both Latino/a and Asian-heritage student data. The results showed that with increasing levels of denigration (but not foreigner objectification), the combination of lower cognitive reappraisal and higher expressive suppression was related to greater depressive symptoms, anxiety, and aggression.
 Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of examining multiple emotion regulation strategies simultaneously considering what strategies are available to individuals and in what combination they are used to understand how best to deal with negative emotions resulting from experiencing discrimination. (C) 2016 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Emotion regulation
KW  - Discrimination
KW  - Asian American
KW  - Latino/a
KW  - College
 students
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.08.012
SN  - 0140-1971
SN  - 1095-9254
VL  - 53
SP  - 21
EP  - 33
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - London
ER  -