TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kuznetsov, Sergey P.
T1  - Plykin type attractor in electronic device simulated in MULTISIM
JF  - Chaos : an interdisciplinary journal of nonlinear science
N2  - An electronic device is suggested representing a non-autonomous dynamical system with hyperbolic chaotic attractor of Plykin type in the stroboscopic map, and the results of its simulation with software package NI MULTISIM are considered in comparison with numerical integration of the underlying differential equations. A main practical advantage of electronic devices of this kind is their structural stability that means insensitivity of the chaotic dynamics in respect to variations of functions and parameters of elements constituting the system as well as to interferences and noises.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3646903
SN  - 1054-1500
VL  - 21
IS  - 4
PB  - American Institute of Physics
CY  - Melville
ER  - 
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A1  - Zdziarski, A.
A1  - Zech, Alraune
A1  - Zietara, K.
A1  - Ziolkowski, P.
A1  - Zitelli, V.
A1  - Zychowski, P.
T1  - Design concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array CTA an advanced facility for ground-based high-energy gamma-ray astronomy
JF  - Experimental astronomy : an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis
N2  - Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.
KW  - Ground based gamma ray astronomy
KW  - Next generation Cherenkov telescopes
KW  - Design concepts
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-011-9247-0
SN  - 0922-6435
SN  - 1572-9508
VL  - 32
IS  - 3
SP  - 193
EP  - 316
PB  - Springer
CY  - Dordrecht
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kussmaul, Bjoern
A1  - Risse, Sebastian
A1  - Kofod, Guggi
A1  - Wache, Remi
A1  - Wegener, Michael
A1  - McCarthy, Denis N.
A1  - Krüger, Hartmut
A1  - Gerhard, Reimund
T1  - Enhancement of dielectric permittivity and electromechanical response in silicone elastomers molecular grafting of organic dipoles to the macromolecular Network
JF  - Advanced functional materials
N2  - A novel method is established for permittivity enhancement of a silicone matrix for dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) by molecular level modifications of the elastomer matrix. A push-pull dipole is synthesized to be compatible with the silicone crosslinking chemistry, allowing for direct grafting to the crosslinker molecules in a one-step film formation process. This method prevents agglomeration and yields elastomer films that are homogeneous down to the molecular level. The dipole-to-silicone network grafting reaction is studied by FTIR. The chemical, thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of films with dipole contents ranging from 0 wt% to 13.4 wt% were thoroughly characterized. The grafting of dipoles modifies the relative permittivity and the stiffness, resulting in the actuation strain at a given electrical field being improved by a factor of six.
KW  - dipole grafting
KW  - silicone based dielectric elastomer actuators
KW  - permittivity enhancement
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201100884
SN  - 1616-301X
VL  - 21
IS  - 23
SP  - 4589
EP  - 4594
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - DiGuglielmo, J.
A1  - Samblowski, A.
A1  - Hage, B.
A1  - Pineda, Carlos
A1  - Eisert, Jens
A1  - Schnabel, R.
T1  - Experimental Unconditional Preparation and Detection of a Continuous Bound Entangled State of Light
JF  - Physical review letters
N2  - Among the possibly most intriguing aspects of quantum entanglement is that it comes in free and bound instances. The existence of bound entangled states certifies an intrinsic irreversibility of entanglement in nature and suggests a connection with thermodynamics. In this Letter, we present a first unconditional, continuous-variable preparation and detection of a bound entangled state of light. We use convex optimization to identify regimes rendering its bound character well certifiable, and continuously produce a distributed bound entangled state with an extraordinary and unprecedented significance of more than 10 standard deviations away from both separability and distillability. Our results show that the approach chosen allows for the efficient and precise preparation of multimode entangled states of light with various applications in quantum information, quantum state engineering, and high precision metrology.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.240503
SN  - 0031-9007
VL  - 107
IS  - 24
PB  - American Physical Society
CY  - College Park
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Acciari, V. A.
A1  - Aliu, E.
A1  - Arlen, T.
A1  - Aune, T.
A1  - Beilicke, M.
A1  - Benbow, W.
A1  - Bradbury, S. M.
A1  - Buckley, J. H.
A1  - Bugaev, V.
A1  - Byrum, K.
A1  - Cannon, A.
A1  - Cesarini, A.
A1  - Christiansen, J. L.
A1  - Ciupik, L.
A1  - Collins-Hughes, E.
A1  - Connolly, M. P.
A1  - Cui, W.
A1  - Duke, C.
A1  - Errando, M.
A1  - Falcone, A.
A1  - Finley, J. P.
A1  - Finnegan, G.
A1  - Fortson, L.
A1  - Furniss, A.
A1  - Galante, N.
A1  - Gall, D.
A1  - Godambe, S.
A1  - Griffin, S.
A1  - Grube, J.
A1  - Guenette, R.
A1  - Gyuk, G.
A1  - Hanna, D.
A1  - Holder, J.
A1  - Hughes, G.
A1  - Hui, C. M.
A1  - Humensky, T. B.
A1  - Jackson, D. J.
A1  - Kaaret, P.
A1  - Karlsson, N.
A1  - Kertzman, M.
A1  - Kieda, D.
A1  - Krawczynski, H.
A1  - Krennrich, F.
A1  - Lang, M. J.
A1  - Madhavan, A. S.
A1  - Maier, G.
A1  - McArthur, S.
A1  - McCann, A.
A1  - Moriarty, P.
A1  - Newbold, M. D.
A1  - Ong, R. A.
A1  - Orr, M.
A1  - Otte, A. N.
A1  - Park, N.
A1  - Perkins, J. S.
A1  - Pohl, Martin
A1  - Prokoph, H.
A1  - Quinn, J.
A1  - Ragan, K.
A1  - Reyes, L. C.
A1  - Reynolds, P. T.
A1  - Roache, E.
A1  - Rose, H. J.
A1  - Ruppel, J.
A1  - Saxon, D. B.
A1  - Schroedter, M.
A1  - Sembroski, G. H.
A1  - Sentuerk, G. D.
A1  - Smith, A. W.
A1  - Staszak, D.
A1  - Swordy, S. P.
A1  - Tesic, G.
A1  - Theiling, M.
A1  - Thibadeau, S.
A1  - Tsurusaki, K.
A1  - Varlotta, A.
A1  - Vassiliev, V. V.
A1  - Vincent, S.
A1  - Vivier, M.
A1  - Wakely, S. P.
A1  - Ward, J. E.
A1  - Weekes, T. C.
A1  - Weinstein, A.
A1  - Weisgarber, T.
A1  - Williams, D. A.
A1  - Wood, M.
T1  - Veritas observations of gamma-ray bursts detected by swift
JF  - The astrophysical journal : an international review of spectroscopy and astronomical physics
N2  - We present the results of 16 Swift-triggered Gamma-ray burst (GRB) follow-up observations taken with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) telescope array from 2007 January to 2009 June. The median energy threshold and response time of these observations were 260 GeV and 320 s, respectively. Observations had an average duration of 90 minutes. Each burst is analyzed independently in two modes: over the whole duration of the observations and again over a shorter timescale determined by the maximum VERITAS sensitivity to a burst with a t(-1.5) time profile. This temporal model is characteristic of GRB afterglows with high-energy, long-lived emission that have been detected by the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi satellite. No significant very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission was detected and upper limits above the VERITAS threshold energy are calculated. The VERITAS upper limits are corrected for gamma-ray extinction by the extragalactic background light and interpreted in the context of the keV emission detected by Swift. For some bursts the VHE emission must have less power than the keV emission, placing constraints on inverse Compton models of VHE emission.
KW  - astroparticle physics
KW  - gamma-ray burst: general
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/62
SN  - 0004-637X
VL  - 743
IS  - 1
PB  - IOP Publ. Ltd.
CY  - Bristol
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Gruber, W.
A1  - Chakravarty, S.
A1  - Baehtz, C.
A1  - Leitenberger, Wolfram
A1  - Bruns, M.
A1  - Kobler, A.
A1  - Kübel, Christian
A1  - Schmidt, H.
T1  - Strain relaxation and vacancy creation in thin platinum films
JF  - Physical review letters
N2  - Synchrotron based combined in situ x-ray diffractometry and reflectometry is used to investigate the role of vacancies for the relaxation of residual stress in thin metallic Pt films. From the experimentally determined relative changes of the lattice parameter a and of the film thickness L the modification of vacancy concentration and residual strain was derived as a function of annealing time at 130 degrees C. The results indicate that relaxation of strain resulting from compressive stress is accompanied by the creation of vacancies at the free film surface. This proves experimentally the postulated dominant role of vacancies for stress relaxation in thin metal films close to room temperature.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.265501
SN  - 0031-9007
VL  - 107
IS  - 26
PB  - American Physical Society
CY  - College Park
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Donges, Jonathan
A1  - Donner, Reik Volker
A1  - Trauth, Martin H.
A1  - Marwan, Norbert
A1  - Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim
A1  - Kurths, Jürgen
T1  - Nonlinear detection of paleoclimate-variability transitions possibly related to human evolution
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
N2  - Potential paleoclimatic driving mechanisms acting on human evolution present an open problem of cross-disciplinary scientific interest. The analysis of paleoclimate archives encoding the environmental variability in East Africa during the past 5 Ma has triggered an ongoing debate about possible candidate processes and evolutionary mechanisms. In this work, we apply a nonlinear statistical technique, recurrence network analysis, to three distinct marine records of terrigenous dust flux. Our method enables us to identify three epochs with transitions between qualitatively different types of environmental variability in North and East Africa during the (i) Middle Pliocene (3.35-3.15 Ma B. P.), (ii) Early Pleistocene (2.25-1.6 Ma B. P.), and (iii) Middle Pleistocene (1.1-0.7 Ma B. P.). A deeper examination of these transition periods reveals potential climatic drivers, including (i) large-scale changes in ocean currents due to a spatial shift of the Indonesian throughflow in combination with an intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation, (ii) a global reorganization of the atmospheric Walker circulation induced in the tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean, and (iii) shifts in the dominating temporal variability pattern of glacial activity during the Middle Pleistocene, respectively. A reexamination of the available fossil record demonstrates statistically significant coincidences between the detected transition periods and major steps in hominin evolution. This result suggests that the observed shifts between more regular and more erratic environmental variability may have acted as a trigger for rapid change in the development of humankind in Africa.
KW  - African climate
KW  - Plio-Pleistocene
KW  - climate-driven evolution
KW  - dynamical transitions
KW  - nonlinear time series analysis
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1117052108
SN  - 0027-8424
VL  - 108
IS  - 51
SP  - 20422
EP  - 20427
PB  - National Acad. of Sciences
CY  - Washington
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Turner, Sarah T.
A1  - Pingel, Patrick
A1  - Steyrleuthner, Robert
A1  - Crossland, Edward J. W.
A1  - Ludwigs, Sabine
A1  - Neher, Dieter
T1  - Quantitative analysis of bulk heterojunction films using linear absorption spectroscopy and solar cell performance
JF  - Advanced functional materials
N2  - A fundamental understanding of the relationship between the bulk morphology and device performance is required for the further development of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. Here, non-optimized (chloroform cast) and nearly optimized (solvent-annealed o-dichlorobenzene cast) P3HT:PCBM blend films treated over a range of annealing temperatures are studied via optical and photovoltaic device measurements. Parameters related to the P3HT aggregate morphology in the blend are obtained through a recently established analytical model developed by F. C. Spano for the absorption of weakly interacting H-aggregates. Thermally induced changes are related to the glass transition range of the blend. In the chloroform prepared devices, the improvement in device efficiency upon annealing within the glass transition range can be attributed to the growth of P3HT aggregates, an overall increase in the percentage of chain crystallinity, and a concurrent increase in the hole mobilities. Films treated above the glass transition range show an increase in efficiency and fill factor not only associated with the change in chain crystallinity, but also with a decrease in the energetic disorder. On the other hand, the properties of the P3HT phase in the solvent-annealed o-dichlorobenzene cast blends are almost indistinguishable from those of the corresponding pristine P3HT layer and are only weakly affected by thermal annealing. Apparently, slow drying of the blend allows the P3HT chains to crystallize into large domains with low degrees of intra- and interchain disorder. This morphology appears to be most favorable for the efficient generation and extraction of charges.
KW  - Organic electronics
KW  - morphology
KW  - solar cells
KW  - mobility
KW  - absorption spectroscopy
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201101583
SN  - 1616-301X
VL  - 21
IS  - 24
SP  - 4640
EP  - 4652
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Abdolvahab, Rouhollah Haji
A1  - Metzler, Ralf
A1  - Ejtehadi, Mohammad Reza
T1  - First passage time distribution of chaperone driven polymer translocation through a nanopore homopolymer and heteropolymer cases
JF  - The journal of chemical physics : bridges a gap between journals of physics and journals of chemistr
N2  - Combining the advection-diffusion equation approach with Monte Carlo simulations we study chaperone driven polymer translocation of a stiff polymer through a nanopore. We demonstrate that the probability density function of first passage times across the pore depends solely on the Peclet number, a dimensionless parameter comparing drift strength and diffusivity. Moreover it is shown that the characteristic exponent in the power-law dependence of the translocation time on the chain length, a function of the chaperone-polymer binding energy, the chaperone concentration, and the chain length, is also effectively determined by the Peclet number. We investigate the effect of the chaperone size on the translocation process. In particular, for large chaperone size, the translocation progress and the mean waiting time as function of the reaction coordinate exhibit pronounced sawtooth-shapes. The effects of a heterogeneous polymer sequence on the translocation dynamics is studied in terms of the translocation velocity, the probability distribution for the translocation progress, and the monomer waiting times. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics.
Y1  - 2011
U6  - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3669427
SN  - 0021-9606
VL  - 135
IS  - 24
PB  - American Institute of Physics
CY  - Melville
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Fuhrmann, Marcel
A1  - Seehafer, Norbert
A1  - Valori, Gherardo
A1  - Wiegelmann, Thomas
T1  - A comparison of preprocessing methods for solar force-free magnetic field extrapolation
Y1  - 2011
UR  - http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=com_article&access=standard&Itemid=129&url=/articles/aa/full_html/ 2011/02/aa15453-10/aa15453-10.html
SN  - 0004-6361
ER  -