TY - JOUR A1 - Michalik-Onichimowska, Aleksandra A1 - Kern, Simon A1 - Riedel, Jens A1 - Panne, Ulrich A1 - King, Rudibert A1 - Maiwald, Michael T1 - "Click" analytics for "click" chemistry - A simple method for calibration-free evaluation of online NMR spectra JF - Journal of magnetic resonance N2 - Driven mostly by the search for chemical syntheses under biocompatible conditions, so called "click" chemistry rapidly became a growing field of research. The resulting simple one-pot reactions are so far only scarcely accompanied by an adequate optimization via comparably straightforward and robust analysis techniques possessing short set-up times. Here, we report on a fast and reliable calibration-free online NMR monitoring approach for technical mixtures. It combines a versatile fluidic system, continuous-flow measurement of H-1 spectra with a time interval of 20 s per spectrum, and a robust, fully automated algorithm to interpret the obtained data. As a proof-of-concept, the thiol-ene coupling between N-boc cysteine methyl ester and ally] alcohol was conducted in a variety of non-deuterated solvents while its time-resolved behaviour was characterized with step tracer experiments. Overlapping signals in online spectra during thiol-ene coupling could be deconvoluted with a spectral model using indirect hard modeling and were subsequently converted to either molar ratios (using a calibration free approach) or absolute concentrations (using 1-point calibration). For various solvents the kinetic constant k for pseudo-first order reaction was estimated to be 3.9 h(-1) at 25 degrees C. The obtained results were compared with direct integration of non-overlapping signals and showed good agreement with the implemented mass balance. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. KW - NMR spectroscopy KW - Reaction monitoring KW - Automated data evaluation KW - Thiol-ene click chemistry Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2017.02.018 SN - 1090-7807 SN - 1096-0856 VL - 277 SP - 154 EP - 161 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Roselli, Antonio T1 - "Ergriffenheit" als Medium und Gegenstand der Kulturkritik bei Frobenius und De Martino T2 - Kultursoziologie Y1 - 2017 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 51 EP - 75 PB - WeltTrends CY - Potsdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Foshag, Silja Kai T1 - "Es seye eine Forcht, was sie gestohlen ..." BT - Leben und Persönlichkeit der 1788 zu Oberdischingen hingerichteten "Erzdiebin" und "Landvagantin" Elisabetha Gassnerin, genannt Schwarze Lies T2 - Historische Zeitbilder KW - Geschichte Europa Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-88571-382-1 IS - 9 PB - Morstadt CY - Kehl ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lazuras, Lambros A1 - Barkoukis, Vassilis A1 - Loukovitis, Andreas A1 - Brand, Ralf A1 - Hudson, Andy A1 - Mallia, Luca A1 - Michaelides, Michalis A1 - Muzi, Milena A1 - Petroczi, Andrea A1 - Zelli, Arnaldo T1 - "I Want It All, and I Want It Now": Lifetime Prevalence and Reasons for Using and Abstaining from Controlled Performance and Appearance Enhancing Substances (PAES) among Young Exercisers and Amateur Athletes in Five European Countries JF - Frontiers in psychology N2 - Doping use in recreational sports is an emerging issue that has received limited attention so far in the psychological literature. The present study assessed the lifetime prevalence of controlled performance and appearance enhancing substances ( PAES), and used behavioral reasoning theory to identify the reasons for using and for avoiding using controlled PAES in young exercisers across five European countries, in the context of the "SAFE YOU" Project. Participants were 915 young amateur athletes and exercisers (M = 21.62; SD = 2.62) from Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Italy, and UK who completed an anonymous questionnaire that included measures of self-reported use of controlled PAES, as well as reasons for using and not using controlled PAES. The results of the descriptive analyses demonstrated that almost one out five exercisers in the sample had a previous experience with controlled PAES. Higher prevalence rates were found in Greece and Cyprus and lower in Italy. The most frequently reported reasons for using controlled PAES included achieving the desired results faster; pushing the self to the (physical) limits; and recovering faster after exercise/training. Furthermore, the most frequently reported reasons for not using controlled PAES involved worry about any possible adverse health effects; not feeling the need for using them; and wanting to see what can be achieved naturally without using any controlled PAES. The findings of the present study indicate that the use of controlled PAES is fast becoming a crisis in amateur sports and exercise settings and highlight the need for preventive action and concerted anti-doping education efforts. KW - doping KW - behavioral reasoning KW - exercise KW - fitness KW - recreational sport KW - young adults Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00717 SN - 1664-1078 VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Research Foundation CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sadovnichii, V. A. A1 - Panasyuk, M. I. A1 - Amelyushkin, A. M. A1 - Benghin, V. V. A1 - Garipov, G. K. A1 - Kalegaev, V. V. A1 - Klimov, P. A. A1 - Khrenov, B. A. A1 - Petrov, V. L. A1 - Sharakin, S. A. A1 - Shirokov, A. V. A1 - Svertilov, S. I. A1 - Zotov, M. Y. A1 - Yashin, I. V. A1 - Gorbovskoy, E. S. A1 - Lipunov, V. M. A1 - Park, I. H. A1 - Lee, J. A1 - Jeong, S. A1 - Kim, M. B. A1 - Jeong, H. M. A1 - Shprits, Yuri Y. A1 - Angelopoulos, V. A1 - Russell, C. T. A1 - Runov, A. A1 - Turner, D. A1 - Strangeway, R. J. A1 - Caron, R. A1 - Biktemerova, S. A1 - Grinyuk, A. A1 - Lavrova, M. A1 - Tkachev, L. A1 - Tkachenko, A. A1 - Martinez, O. A1 - Salazar, H. A1 - Ponce, E. T1 - "Lomonosov" satellite-space observatory to study extreme phenomena in space T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 959 KW - gamma-ray bursts KW - ultra-high energy cosmic rays KW - radiation belts KW - space mission Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428185 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 959 SP - 1705 EP - 1738 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sadovnichii, V. A. A1 - Panasyuk, M. I. A1 - Amelyushkin, A. M. A1 - Bogomolov, V. V. A1 - Benghin, V. V. A1 - Garipov, G. K. A1 - Kalegaev, V. V. A1 - Klimov, P. A. A1 - Khrenov, B. A. A1 - Petrov, V. L. A1 - Sharakin, S. A. A1 - Shirokov, A. V. A1 - Svertilov, S. I. A1 - Zotov, M. Y. A1 - Yashin, I. V. A1 - Gorbovskoy, E. S. A1 - Lipunov, V. M. A1 - Park, I. H. A1 - Lee, J. A1 - Jeong, S. A1 - Kim, M. B. A1 - Jeong, H. M. A1 - Shprits, Yuri Y. A1 - Angelopoulos, V. A1 - Russell, C. T. A1 - Runov, A. A1 - Turner, D. A1 - Strangeway, R. J. A1 - Caron, R. A1 - Biktemerova, S. A1 - Grinyuk, A. A1 - Lavrova, M. A1 - Tkachev, L. A1 - Tkachenko, A. A1 - Martinez, O. A1 - Salazar, H. A1 - Ponce, E. T1 - "Lomonosov" Satellite-Space Observatory to Study Extreme Phenomena in Space JF - Space science reviews N2 - The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments. KW - Gamma-ray bursts KW - Ultra-high energy cosmic rays KW - Radiation belts KW - Space mission Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0425-x SN - 0038-6308 SN - 1572-9672 VL - 212 SP - 1705 EP - 1738 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vishnevetskaya, Natalya S. A1 - Hildebrand, Viet A1 - Niebuur, Bart-Jan A1 - Grillo, Isabelle A1 - Filippov, Sergey K. A1 - Laschewsky, Andre A1 - Mueller-Buschbaum, Peter A1 - Papadakis, Christine M. T1 - "Schizophrenic" Micelles from Doubly Thermoresponsive Polysulfobetaine-b-poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) Diblock Copolymers JF - Macromolecules : a publication of the American Chemical Society Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00356 SN - 0024-9297 SN - 1520-5835 VL - 50 SP - 3985 EP - 3999 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hildebrand, Viet A1 - Heydenreich, Matthias A1 - Laschewsky, Andre A1 - Moeller, Heiko M. A1 - Mueller-Buschbaum, Peter A1 - Papadakis, Christine M. A1 - Schanzenbach, Dirk A1 - Wischerhoff, Erik T1 - "Schizophrenic" self-assembly of dual thermoresponsive block copolymers bearing a zwitterionic and a non-ionic hydrophilic block JF - Polymer : the international journal for the science and technology of polymers N2 - Several series of presumed dual thermo-responsive diblock copolymers consisting of one non-ionic and one zwitterionic block were synthesized via consecutive reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. For all copolymers, poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) was chosen as non-ionic block that shows a coil-to-globule collapse transition of the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) type. In contrast, the chemical structure of zwitterionic blocks, which all belonged to the class of poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)s, was varied broadly, in order to tune their coil-to-globule collapse transition of the upper critical solution temperature (UCST) type. All polymers were labeled with a solvatochromic fluorescent end-group. The dual thermo-responsive behavior and the resulting multifarious temperature-dependent self-assembly in aqueous solution were mapped by temperature resolved turbidimetry, H-1 NMR spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. Depending on the relative positions between the UCST-type and LCST-type transition temperatures, as well as on the width of the window in-between, all the four possible modes of stimulus induced micellization can be realized. This includes classical induced micellization due to a transition from a double hydrophilic, or respectively, from a double hydrophobic to an amphiphilic state, as well as "schizophrenic" behavior, where the core- and shell-forming blocks are inverted. The exchange of the roles of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic block in the amphiphilic states is possible through a homogeneous intermediate state or a heterogeneous one. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. KW - RAFT polymerization KW - Block copolymer KW - Sulfobetaine methacrylate KW - Responsive polymer KW - LCST KW - UCST KW - Schizophrenic self-assembly Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.06.063 SN - 0032-3861 SN - 1873-2291 VL - 122 SP - 347 EP - 357 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Zupeng A1 - Savateev, Aleksandr A1 - Pronkin, Sergey A1 - Papaefthimiou, Vasiliki A1 - Wolff, Christian Michael A1 - Willinger, Marc Georg A1 - Willinger, Elena A1 - Neher, Dieter A1 - Antonietti, Markus A1 - Dontsova, Dariya T1 - "The Easier the Better" Preparation of Efficient Photocatalysts-Metastable Poly(heptazine imide) Salts JF - Advanced materials N2 - Cost-efficient, visible-light-driven hydrogen production from water is an attractive potential source of clean, sustainable fuel. Here, it is shown that thermal solid state reactions of traditional carbon nitride precursors (cyanamide, melamine) with NaCl, KCl, or CsCl are a cheap and straightforward way to prepare poly(heptazine imide) alkali metal salts, whose thermodynamic stability decreases upon the increase of the metal atom size. The chemical structure of the prepared salts is confirmed by the results of X-ray photoelectron and infrared spectroscopies, powder X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy studies, and, in the case of sodium poly(heptazine imide), additionally by atomic pair distribution function analysis and 2D powder X-ray diffraction pattern simulations. In contrast, reactions with LiCl yield thermodynamically stable poly(triazine imides). Owing to the metastability and high structural order, the obtained heptazine imide salts are found to be highly active photo-catalysts in Rhodamine B and 4-chlorophenol degradation, and Pt-assisted sacrificial water reduction reactions under visible light irradiation. The measured hydrogen evolution rates are up to four times higher than those provided by a benchmark photocatalyst, mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride. Moreover, the products are able to photocatalytically reduce water with considerable reaction rates, even when glycerol is used as a sacrificial hole scavenger. KW - carbon nitride KW - glycerol oxidation KW - mesocrystals KW - poly(heptazine imide) KW - water reduction reactions Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201700555 SN - 0935-9648 SN - 1521-4095 VL - 29 SP - 21800 EP - 21806 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - THES A1 - Völsch, Juliane T1 - "Wortabruf im Handumdrehen"? BT - Untersuchung der fazilitierenden Wirkung ikonischer und nicht-ikonischer Gesten auf den Verbabruf bei Probanden mit Aphasie Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Seidel, Andreas T1 - (Weiter-)Entwicklung der Lehrerbildung im Land Brandenburg BT - Der Beitrag der Bildungswissenschaften in der Potsdamer Sekundarstufenlehrerausbildung JF - Potsdamer Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-399709 SN - 978-3-86956-399-2 SN - 2192-1075 SN - 2192-1083 IS - 3 SP - 137 EP - 167 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR ED - Behrends, Jan C. ED - Katzer, Nikolaus ED - Lindenberger, Thomas T1 - 100 Jahre Roter Oktober BT - zur Weltgeschichte der russischen Revolution Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7425-0081-6 PB - bpb, Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Behrends, Jan C. A1 - Katzer, Nikolaus A1 - Lindenberger, Thomas T1 - 100 Jahre Roter Oktober BT - Versuche zur Historisierung der Russischen Revolution JF - 100 Jahre Roter Oktober : zur Weltgeschichte der russischen Revolution Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-7425-0081-6 SP - 9 EP - 27 PB - bpb, Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tofelde, Stefanie A1 - Schildgen, Taylor F. A1 - Savi, Sara A1 - Pingel, Heiko A1 - Wickert, Andrew D. A1 - Bookhagen, Bodo A1 - Wittmann, Hella A1 - Alonso, Ricardo N. A1 - Cottle, John A1 - Strecker, Manfred T1 - 100 kyr fluvial cut-and-fill terrace cycles since the Middle Pleistocene in the southern Central Andes, NW Argentina JF - Earth & planetary science letters N2 - Fluvial fill terraces in intermontane basins are valuable geomorphic archives that can record tectonically and/or climatically driven changes of the Earth-surface process system. However, often the preservation of fill terrace sequences is incomplete and/or they may form far away from their source areas, complicating the identification of causal links between forcing mechanisms and landscape response, especially over multi-millennial timescales. The intermontane Toro Basin in the southern Central Andes exhibits at least five generations of fluvial terraces that have been sculpted into several-hundred-meter-thick Quaternary valley-fill conglomerates. New surface-exposure dating using nine cosmogenic Be-10 depth profiles reveals the successive abandonment of these terraces with a 100 kyr cyclicity between 75 +/- 7 and 487 +/- 34 ka. Depositional ages of the conglomerates, determined by four Al-26/Be-10 burial samples and U-Pb zircon ages of three intercalated volcanic ash beds, range from 18 +/- 141 to 936 +/- 170 ka, indicating that there were multiple cut-and-fill episodes. Although the initial onset of aggradation at similar to 1 Ma and the overall net incision since ca. 500 ka can be linked to tectonic processes at the narrow basin outlet, the superimposed 100 kyr cycles of aggradation and incision are best explained by eccentricity-driven climate change. Within these cycles, the onset of river incision can be correlated with global cold periods and enhanced humid phases recorded in paleoclimate archives on the adjacent Bolivian Altiplano, whereas deposition occurred mainly during more arid phases on the Altiplano and global interglacial periods. We suggest that enhanced runoff during global cold phases - due to increased regional precipitation rates, reduced evapotranspiration, or both - resulted in an increased sediment-transport capacity in the Toro Basin, which outweighed any possible increases in upstream sediment supply and thus triggered incision. Compared with two nearby basins that record precessional (21-kyr) and long-eccentricity (400-kyr) forcing within sedimentary and geomorphic archives, the recorded cyclicity scales with the square of the drainage basin length. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Be-10 depth-profiles KW - surface inflation KW - aggradation-incision cycles KW - glacial-interglacial cycles KW - landscape response to climate change KW - Eastern Cordillera Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.001 SN - 0012-821X SN - 1385-013X VL - 473 SP - 141 EP - 153 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Calò, Camilla A1 - Henne, Paul D. A1 - Eugster, Patricia A1 - Leeuwen, Jacqueline van A1 - Gilli, Adrian A1 - Hamann, Yvonne A1 - La Mantia, Tommaso A1 - Pasta, Salvatore A1 - Vescovi, Elisa A1 - Tinner, Willy T1 - 1200 years of decadal-scale variability of Mediterranean vegetation and climate at Pantelleria Island, Italy N2 - A new sedimentary sequence from Lago di Venere on Pantelleria Island, located in the Strait of Sicily between Tunisia and Sicily was recovered. The lake is located in the coastal infra-Mediterranean vegetation belt at 2 m a.s.l. Pollen, charcoal and sedimentological analyses are used to explore linkages among vegetation, fire and climate at a decadal scale over the past 1200 years. A dry period from ad 800 to 1000 that corresponds to the Medieval Warm Period' (WMP) is inferred from sedimentological analysis. The high content of carbonate recorded in this period suggests a dry phase, when the ratio of evaporation/precipitation was high. During this period the island was dominated by thermophilous and drought-tolerant taxa, such as Quercus ilex, Olea, Pistacia and Juniperus. A marked shift in the sediment properties is recorded at ad 1000, when carbonate content became very low suggesting wetter conditions until ad 1850-1900. Broadly, this period coincides with the Little Ice Age' (LIA), which was characterized by wetter and colder conditions in Europe. During this time rather mesic conifers (i.e. Pinus pinaster), shrubs and herbs (e.g. Erica arborea and Selaginella denticulata) expanded, whereas more drought-adapted species (e.g. Q. ilex) declined. Charcoal data suggest enhanced fire activity during the LIA probably as a consequence of anthropogenic burning and/or more flammable fuel (e.g. resinous Pinus biomass). The last century was characterized by a shift to high carbonate content, indicating a change towards drier conditions, and re-expansion of Q. ilex and Olea. The post-LIA warming is in agreement with historical documents and meteorological time series. Vegetation dynamics were co-determined by agricultural activities on the island. Anthropogenic indicators (e.g. Cerealia-type, Sporormiella) reveal the importance of crops and grazing on the island. Our pollen data suggest that extensive logging caused the local extinction of deciduous Quercus pubescens around ad1750. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 411 KW - central Mediterranean KW - fire history KW - "Little Ice Age' (LIA) KW - "Medieval Warm Period' (MWP) KW - Pinus pinaster KW - Quercus ilex KW - Quercus pubescens KW - vegetation history Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-403240 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Juchler, Ingo T1 - 1968 in Berlin BT - Schauplätze der Revolte N2 - Berlin war einer der Brennpunkte der Studentenrevolte. Dieses Buch verfolgt die Ereignisse von der ersten Anti-Vietnam-Kriegs-Demo in der Hardenbergstraße (1966), über die Erschießung Benno Ohnesorgs an der Deutschen Oper (1967) bis zur Befreiung des RAF-Terroristen Andreas Baader (1970). In den Blick genommen werden auch die Protestaktionen im Osten der Stadt, die sich vor allem gegen den Einmarsch der Truppen des Warschauer Paktes in der Tschechoslowakei richteten. Informative Texte zu den Hintergründen, umfangreiches Bildmaterial und eine Übersichtskarte machen das Buch zu einem anschaulichen Zeitreiseführer in die jüngere deutsche Geschichte. Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-8148-0230-5 PB - be.bra verlag CY - Berlin-Brandenburg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Guillemoteau, Julien A1 - Lück, Erika A1 - Tronicke, Jens T1 - 1D inversion of direct current data acquired with a rolling electrode system JF - Journal of applied geophysics N2 - Direct current systems employing a kinematic surveying strategy allow to analyze the electrical resistivity of the subsurface for large areas (i.e., several hectares). Typical applications are found in precision agriculture, archaeological prospecting and soil sciences. With the typical survey setting, the collected data sets are often characterized by a rather high level of noise and a rather coarse lateral sampling compared to data acquired with fixed electrodes. We therefore present an efficient one-dimensional inversion approach in which we put special attention on modeling the effects of noise. We apply this method to data recorded with a five-offset equatorial dipole-dipole system employing rolling electrodes. By performing several synthetic tests with realistic noise levels, we found that the considered five-configuration soundings allow for a reliable imaging of two-layer cases in the uppermost two meters of the subsurface, where the subsurface can be assumed to follow a horizontally layered geometry within 3 m around the system. By analyzing the corresponding sensitivity functions, we also show that the equatorial dipole-dipole array is relatively well suited for a 1D inversion approach compared to standard in-line electrode arrays. To illustrate this aspect, we show that our method can provide results similar to those obtained with a 2D Wenner imaging procedure for data recorded across a well-constrained 2D target. We finally apply our method to a large five-offset data set acquired in an agricultural study. The final pseudo-3D model of electrical resistivity is in accordance with borehole data available for the surveyed area. Our results demonstrate the applicability and the versatility of the presented inversion approach for large-scale data sets as they are typically collected with such rolling electrode systems. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2017.09.010 SN - 0926-9851 SN - 1879-1859 VL - 146 SP - 167 EP - 177 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - THES A1 - Ehrig, Sebastian T1 - 3D curvature and its role on tissue organization N2 - Shape change is a fundamental process occurring in biological tissues during embryonic development and regeneration of tissues and organs. This process is regulated by cells that are constrained within a complex environment of biochemical and physical cues. The spatial constraint due to geometry has a determining role on tissue mechanics and the spatial distribution of force patterns that, in turn, influences the organization of the tissue structure. An understanding of the underlying principles of tissue organization may have wide consequences for the understanding of healing processes and the development of organs and, as such, is of fundamental interest for the tissue engineering community. This thesis aims to further our understanding of how the collective behaviour of cells is influenced by the 3D geometry of the environment. Previous research studying the role of geometry on tissue growth has mainly focused either on flat surfaces or on substrates where at least one of the principal curvatures is zero. In the present work, tissue growth from MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts was investigated on surfaces of controlled mean curvature. One key aspect of this thesis was the development of substrates of controlled mean curvature and their visualization in 3D. It was demonstrated that substrates of controlled mean curvature suitable for cell culture can be fabricated using liquid polymers and surface tension effects. Using these substrates, it was shown that the mean surface curvature has a strong impact on the rate of tissue growth and on the organization of the tissue structure. It was thereby not only demonstrated that the amount of tissue produced (i.e. growth rates) by the cells depends on the mean curvature of the substrate but also that the tissue surface behaves like a viscous fluid with an equilibrium shape governed by the Laplace-Young-law. It was observed that more tissue was formed on highly concave surfaces compared to flat or convex surfaces. Motivated by these observations, an analytical model was developed, where the rate of tissue growth is a function of the mean curvature, which could successfully describe the growth kinetics. This model was also able to reproduce the growth kinetics of previous experiments where tissues have been cultured in straight-sided prismatic pores. A second part of this thesis focuses on the tissue structure, which influences the mechanical properties of the mature bone tissue. Since the extracellular matrix is produced by the cells, the cell orientation has a strong impact on the direction of the tissue fibres. In addition, it was recently shown that some cell types exhibit collective alignment similar to liquid crystals. Based on this observation, a computational model of self-propelled active particles was developed to explore in an abstract manner how the collective behaviour of cells is influenced by 3D curvature. It was demonstrated that the 3D curvature has a strong impact on the self-organization of active particles and gives, therefore, first insights into the principles of self-organization of cells on curved surfaces. N2 - Formänderung ist ein fundamentaler Vorgang während der embryonalen Entwicklung und der Regeneration von Geweben und Organen. Dieser Prozess wird von Zellen reguliert die in einer komplexen Umgebung von biochemischen und physikalischen Signalen eingebettet sind. Die räumliche Begrenzung der Zellen führt dabei zu Unterschieden in der Gewebemechanik und der räumlichen Verteilung von Kräften und hat damit einen Einfluss auf die Organisation der Gewebestruktur. Ein Verständnis der Organisationsprozesse von Geweben hat weitreichende Konsequenzen im Hinblick auf das Verständnis von Heilungsprozessen und der Entwicklung von Organen bis hin zu medizinischen Anwendungen wie der Entwicklung von Implantaten. Die vorliegende Arbeit zielt auf ein besseres Verständnis wie das kollektive Verhalten von Gewebezellen von der dreidimensionalen Krümmung der Umgebung beeinflusst wird. Die bisherige Forschung war bislang limitiert auf flache Oberflächen oder auf Substrate in denen zumindest eine der beiden Hauptkrümmungen Null ist. In dieser Arbeit wurde daher das Gewebewachstum von MC3T3-E1 Pre-Osteoblasten auf Oberflächen mit konstanter mittlerer Krümmung studiert. Ein wichtiger Teil der Arbeit war die Entwicklung von Substraten mit kontrollierter mittlerer Krümmung und deren Visualisierung in 3D. Es wurde gezeigt, dass sich die Oberflächen- spannung von Polymerlösungen nutzen lässt um eben solche Substrate zu erzeugen. Mit Hilfe dieser Substrate wurde gezeigt, dass die mittlere Krümmung der Oberfläche einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Wachstumsrate und die Organisation der Gewebestruktur hat. Es konnte nicht nur gezeigt werden dass die Menge an gebildetem Gewebe von der mittleren Krümmung abhängig ist, sondern auch dass die Oberfläche des Gewebes sich dabei wie eine Flüssigkeit verhält und dem Laplace-Young Gesetz folgt. Es wurde beobachtet dass sich mehr Gewebe auf konkaven als auf flachen oder konvexen Oberflächen gebildet hat. Basierend auf diesen Beobachtungen wurde ein analytisches Modell entwickelt, welches die Wachstumsrate als Funktion der mittleren Krümmung beschreibt und mit Hilfe dessen sich das Gewebewachstum erfolgreich beschreiben lässt. Dieses Modell kann auch die Ergebnisse früherer Arbeiten reproduzieren, in denen Gewebe in prismatischen Poren kultiviert wurden. Ein weiterer Teil der Arbeit befasste sich mit der Struktur des Gewebes, welche einen Einfluss auf die späteren mechanischen Eigenschaften des maturierten Knochengewebes hat. Da die extrazelluläre Matrix des Gewebes von den Zellen gebildet wird, hat die Orientierung der Zellen einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Ausrichtung der Gewebefasern. Außerdem wurde vor kurzem gezeigt, dass sich manche Zellen wie Flüssigkristalle anordnen können. Basierend auf dieser Beobachtung wurde ein Computermodell aktiver Partikel entwickelt, mit dessen Hilfe sich der Einfluss des kollektiven Verhaltens der Zellen auf dreidimensional gekrümmten Oberflächen abstrahieren lässt. Es konnte dabei gezeigt werden, dass die dreidimensionale Krümmung einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Selbstorganisation dieser Partikel hat und gibt damit erste Einblicke in ein mögliches Organisationsverhalten von Zellen auf 3D Oberflächen. KW - biophysics KW - tissue engineering KW - mechanobiology Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wyschkon, Anne A1 - Schulz, Franziska A1 - Gallit, Finja Sunnyi A1 - Poltz, Nadine A1 - Kohn-Henkel, Juliane A1 - Moraske, Svenja A1 - Bondue, Rebecca A1 - von Aster, Michael G. A1 - Esser, Günter T1 - 5-Jahres-Verlauf der LRS T1 - 5-year course of dyslexia BT - Stabilität, Geschlechtseffekte, Schriftsprachniveau und Schulerfolg BT - Persistence, sex effects, performance in reading and spelling, and school-related success JF - Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie N2 - Fragestellung: Untersucht wird der Verlauf von Kindern mit Lese-Rechtschreibstörungen (LRS) über gut 5 Jahre unter Berücksichtigung des Einflusses des Geschlechts der Betroffenen. Außerdem werden Auswirkungen der LRS auf das spätere Schriftsprachniveau und den Schulerfolg überprüft. Methodik: Eingangs wurden 995 Schüler zwischen 6 und 16 Jahren untersucht. Ein Teil dieser Kinder ist nach 43 sowie 63 Monaten nachuntersucht worden. Eine LRS wurde diagnostiziert, wenn für das Lesen bzw. Rechtschreiben das doppelte Diskrepanzkriterium von 1.5 Standardabweichungen zur nonverbalen Intelligenz und dem Mittelwert der Klassenstufe erfüllt war und gleichzeitig keine Minderbegabung vorlag. Ergebnisse: Die LRS weist über einen Zeitraum von 63 Monaten eine hohe Störungspersistenz von knapp 70 % auf. Der 5-Jahres-Verlauf der mittleren Lese- und Rechtschreibleistungen wurde nicht vom Geschlecht beeinflusst. Trotz durchschnittlicher Intelligenz blieben die LRS-Schüler in der Schriftsprache mindestens eine Standardabweichung hinter durchschnittlich und etwa 0.5 Standardabweichungseinheiten hinter unterdurchschnittlich intelligenten Kindern zurück. Der Schulerfolg der LRS-Schüler glich dem unterdurchschnittlich intelligenter Kinder und fiel deutlich schlechter aus als bei durchschnittlich intelligenten Kontrollkindern. Schlussfolgerungen: Eine LRS stellt ein erhebliches Entwicklungsrisiko dar, was frühzeitige Diagnostik- und Therapiemaßnahmen erfordert. Dafür sind reliable und im Hinblick auf die resultierenden Prävalenzraten sinnvolle, allgemein anerkannte Diagnosekriterien essenziell. N2 - Objective: The study examines the 5-year course of children with dyslexia with regard to their sex. Furthermore, the study investigates the impact of dyslexia on the performance in reading and spelling skills and school-related success. Method: A group of 995 6- to 16-year-olds were examined at the initial assessment. Part of the initial sample was then re-examined after 43 and 63 months. The diagnosis of dyslexia was based on the double discrepancy criterion using a standard deviation of 1.5. Though they had no intellectual deficits, the children showed a considerable discrepancy between their reading or writing abilities and (1) their nonverbal intelligence and (2) the mean of their grade norm. Results: Nearly 70 % of those examined had a persisting diagnosis of dyslexia over a period of 63 months. The 5-year course was not influenced by sex. Despite average intelligence, the performance in writing and spelling of children suffering from dyslexia was one standard deviation below a control group without dyslexia with average intelligence and 0.5 standard deviations below a group of children suffering from intellectual deficits. Furthermore, the school-related success of the dyslexics was significantly lower than those of children with average intelligence. Dyslexics showed similar school-related success rates to children suffering from intellectual deficits. Conclusions: Dyslexia represents a considerable developmental risk. The adverse impact of dyslexia on school-related success supports the importance of early diagnostics and intervention. It also underlines the need for reliable and general accepted diagnostic criteria. It is important to define such criteria in light of the prevalence rates. KW - dyslexia KW - discrepancy criterion KW - persistence KW - course KW - school-related success KW - Lese-Rechtschreibstörung KW - Diskreptanzdefinition KW - Stabilität KW - Verlauf KW - Schulerfolg Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000535 SN - 1422-4917 SN - 1664-2880 VL - 46 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 122 PB - Hogrefe CY - Bern ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Jana A1 - Kelling, Alexandra A1 - Schilde, Uwe A1 - Strauch, Peter T1 - [µ2-O,O′,Oʺ,Oʺ′-Bis(1,2-dithiooxalato-S,S′)nickel(II)]bis[-O,O′-bis(1,2-dithiooxalato-S,S′)-nickel(II)pentaquaholmium(III)]hydrate, [Ho2Ni3(dto)6(H2O)10] N2 - Planar bis(1,2-dithiooxalato)nickelate(II), [Ni(dto)]2− reacts in aqueous solutions with lanthanide ions (Ln3+) to form pentanuclear, hetero-bimetallic complexes of the general composition [{Ln(H2O)n}2{Ni(dto)2}3]·xH2O. (n = 4 or 5; x = 9–12). The complex [{Ho(H2O)5}2{Ni(dto)2}3]·10H2O, Ho2Ni3, was synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray structure analysis and powder diffraction. The Ho2Ni3 complex crystallizes as monoclinic crystals in the space group P21/c. The channels and cavities, appearing in the crystal packing of the complex molecules, are occupied by a varying amount of non-coordinated water molecules. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 360 KW - lanthanides KW - holmium(III) KW - 1,2-dithiooxalate KW - crystal structure KW - nickel(II) Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-400598 ER -