TY - GEN A1 - Dvornikov, Yury A1 - Leibman, Marina A1 - Heim, Birgit A1 - Bartsch, Annett A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Skorospekhova, Tatiana A1 - Fedorova, Irina A1 - Khomutov, Artem A1 - Widhalm, Barbara A1 - Gubarkov, Anatoly A1 - Rößler, Sebastian T1 - Terrestrial CDOM in lakes of Yamal Peninsula BT - Connection to lake and lake catchment properties T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - In this study, we analyze interactions in lake and lake catchment systems of a continuous permafrost area. We assessed colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption at 440 nm (a(440)(CDOM)) and absorption slope (S300-500) in lakes using field sampling and optical remote sensing data for an area of 350 km(2) in Central Yamal, Siberia. Applying a CDOM algorithm (ratio of green and red band reflectance) for two high spatial resolution multispectral GeoEye-1 and Worldview-2 satellite images, we were able to extrapolate the a()(CDOM) data from 18 lakes sampled in the field to 356 lakes in the study area (model R-2 = 0.79). Values of a(440)(CDOM) in 356 lakes varied from 0.48 to 8.35 m(-1) with a median of 1.43 m(-1). This a()(CDOM) dataset was used to relate lake CDOM to 17 lake and lake catchment parameters derived from optical and radar remote sensing data and from digital elevation model analysis in order to establish the parameters controlling CDOM in lakes on the Yamal Peninsula. Regression tree model and boosted regression tree analysis showed that the activity of cryogenic processes (thermocirques) in the lake shores and lake water level were the two most important controls, explaining 48.4% and 28.4% of lake CDOM, respectively (R-2 = 0.61). Activation of thermocirques led to a large input of terrestrial organic matter and sediments from catchments and thawed permafrost to lakes (n = 15, mean a(440)(CDOM) = 5.3 m(-1)). Large lakes on the floodplain with a connection to Mordy-Yakha River received more CDOM (n = 7, mean a(440)(CDOM) = 3.8 m(-1)) compared to lakes located on higher terraces. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1333 KW - CDOM KW - lakes KW - lake catchments KW - permafrost KW - Yamal KW - remote sensing data Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459720 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1333 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olmer, Ruth A1 - Engels, Lena A1 - Usman, Abdulai A1 - Menke, Sandra A1 - Malik, Muhammad Nasir Hayat A1 - Pessler, Frank A1 - Göhring, Gudrun A1 - Bornhorst, Dorothee A1 - Bolten, Svenja A1 - Abdelilah-Seyfried, Salim A1 - Scheper, Thomas A1 - Kempf, Henning A1 - Zweigerdt, Robert A1 - Martin, Ulrich T1 - Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Functional Endothelial Cells in Scalable Suspension Culture T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Endothelial cells (ECs) are involved in a variety of cellular responses. As multifunctional components of vascular structures, endothelial (progenitor) cells have been utilized in cellular therapies and are required as an important cellular component of engineered tissue constructs and in vitro disease models. Although primary ECs from different sources are readily isolated and expanded, cell quantity and quality in terms of functionality and karyotype stability is limited. ECs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent an alternative and potentially superior cell source, but traditional culture approaches and 2D differentiation protocols hardly allow for production of large cell numbers. Aiming at the production of ECs, we have developed a robust approach for efficient endothelial differentiation of hiPSCs in scalable suspension culture. The established protocol results in relevant numbers of ECs for regenerative approaches and industrial applications that show in vitro proliferation capacity and a high degree of chromosomal stability. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1182 KW - virus infection KW - progenitor cells KW - in vitro KW - telomere dysfunction KW - cord blood KW - cardiomyogenic differentiation KW - angiogenesis KW - efficient KW - aberrations KW - expression Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427095 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pauly, Maren A1 - Helle, Gerhard A1 - Miramont, Cécile A1 - Büntgen, Ulf A1 - Treydte, Kerstin A1 - Reinig, Frederick A1 - Guibal, Frédéric A1 - Sivan, Olivier A1 - Heinrich, Ingo A1 - Riedel, Frank A1 - Kromer, Bernd A1 - Balanzategui, Daniel A1 - Wacker, Lukas A1 - Sookdeo, Adam Sookdeo A1 - Brauer, Achim T1 - Subfossil trees suggest enhanced Mediterranean hydroclimate variability at the onset of the Younger Dryas T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Nearly 13,000 years ago, the warming trend into the Holocene was sharply interrupted by a reversal to near glacial conditions. Climatic causes and ecological consequences of the Younger Dryas (YD) have been extensively studied, however proxy archives from the Mediterranean basin capturing this period are scarce and do not provide annual resolution. Here, we report a hydroclimatic reconstruction from stable isotopes (delta O-18, delta C-13) in subfossil pines from southern France. Growing before and during the transition period into the YD (12 900-12 600 cal BP), the trees provide an annually resolved, continuous sequence of atmospheric change. Isotopic signature of tree sourcewater (delta O-18(sw)) and estimates of relative air humidity were reconstructed as a proxy for variations in air mass origin and precipitation regime. We find a distinct increase in inter-annual variability of sourcewater isotopes (delta O-18(sw)), with three major downturn phases of increasing magnitude beginning at 12 740 cal BP. The observed variation most likely results from an amplified intensity of North Atlantic (low delta O-18(sw)) versus Mediterranean (high delta O-18(sw)) precipitation. This marked pattern of climate variability is not seen in records from higher latitudes and is likely a consequence of atmospheric circulation oscillations at the margin of the southward moving polar front. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1135 KW - annually laminated sediments KW - lake Meerfelder Maar KW - isotopic composition KW - oxygen isotope KW - climate KW - cellulose KW - radiocarbon KW - temperature KW - record KW - model Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459169 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Manzoni, Stefano A1 - Čapek, Petr A1 - Porada, Philipp A1 - Thurner, Martin A1 - Winterdahl, Mattias A1 - Beer, Christian A1 - Brüchert, Volker A1 - Frouz, Jan A1 - Herrmann, Anke M. A1 - Lindahl, Björn D. A1 - Lyon, Steve W. A1 - Šantrůčková, Hana A1 - Vico, Giulia A1 - Way, Danielle T1 - Reviews and syntheses BT - carbon use efficiency from organisms to ecosystems – definitions, theories, and empirical evidence T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The cycling of carbon (C) between the Earth surface and the atmosphere is controlled by biological and abiotic processes that regulate C storage in biogeochemical compartments and release to the atmosphere. This partitioning is quantified using various forms of C-use efficiency (CUE) - the ratio of C remaining in a system to C entering that system. Biological CUE is the fraction of C taken up allocated to biosynthesis. In soils and sediments, C storage depends also on abiotic processes, so the term C-storage efficiency (CSE) can be used. Here we first review and reconcile CUE and CSE definitions proposed for autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms and communities, food webs, whole ecosystems and watersheds, and soils and sediments using a common mathematical framework. Second, we identify general CUE patterns; for example, the actual CUE increases with improving growth conditions, and apparent CUE decreases with increasing turnover. We then synthesize > 5000CUE estimates showing that CUE decreases with increasing biological and ecological organization - from uni-cellular to multicellular organisms and from individuals to ecosystems. We conclude that CUE is an emergent property of coupled biological-abiotic systems, and it should be regarded as a flexible and scale-dependent index of the capacity of a given system to effectively retain C. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1134 KW - gross primary production KW - net primary production KW - plant respiration KW - microbial carbon KW - stoichiometric controls KW - growth efficiency KW - bacterial growth KW - excess carbon KW - soil KW - matter Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446386 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tabben, Montassar A1 - Ihsan, Mohammed A1 - Ghoul, Nihel A1 - Coquart, Jeremy A1 - Chaouachi, Anis A1 - Chaabene, Helmi A1 - Tourny, Claire A1 - Chamari, Karim T1 - Cold Water Immersion Enhanced Athletes’ Wellness and 10-m Short Sprint Performance 24-h After a Simulated Mixed Martial Arts Combat T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of Cold Water Immersion (CWI) on the recovery of physical performance, hematological stress markers and perceived wellness (i.e., Hooper scores) following a simulated Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) competition. Methods: Participants completed two experimental sessions in a counter-balanced order (CWI or passive recovery for control condition: CON), after a simulated MMAs competition (3 x 5-min MMA rounds separated by 1-min of passive rest). During CWI, athletes were required to submerge their bodies, except the trunk, neck and head, in the seated position in a temperature-controlled bath (similar to 10 degrees C) for 15-min. During CON, athletes were required to be in a seated position for 15-min in same room ambient temperature. Venous blood samples (creatine kinase, cortisol, and testosterone concentrations) were collected at rest (PRE-EX, i.e., before MMAs), immediately following MMAs (POST-EX), immediately following recovery (POST-R) and 24 h post MMAs (POST-24), whilst physical fitness (squat jump, countermovement-jump and 5- and 10-m sprints) and perceptual measures (well-being Hooper index: fatigue, stress, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and sleep) were collected at PRE-EX, POST-R and POST-24, and at PRE-EX and POST-24, respectively. Results: The main results indicate that POST-R sprint (5- and 10-m) performances were 'likely to very likely' (d = 0.64 and 0.65) impaired by prior CWI. However, moderate improvements were in 10-m sprint performance were 'likely' evident at POST-24 after CWI compared with CON (d = 0.53). Additionally, the use of CWI 'almost certainly' resulted in a large overall improvement in Hooper scores (d = 1.93). Specifically, CWI 'almost certainly' resulted in improved sleep quality (d = 1.36), stress (d = 1.56) and perceived fatigue (d = 1.51), and 'likely' resulted in a moderate decrease in DOMS (d = 0.60). Conclusion: The use of CWI resulted in an enhanced recovery of 10-m sprint performance, as well as improved perceived wellness 24-h following simulated MMA competition. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 707 KW - recovery KW - combat sports KW - MMA KW - delayed onset muscle soreness KW - stress KW - fatigue Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446068 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 707 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Odongo, Grace Akinyi A1 - Schlotz, Nina A1 - Baldermann, Susanne A1 - Neugart, Susanne A1 - Huyskens-Keil, Susanne A1 - Ngwene, Benard A1 - Trierweiler, Bernhard A1 - Schreiner, Monika A1 - Lamy, Evelyn T1 - African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) BT - impact of cultivation and plant processing on its health promoting potential as determined in a human liver cell model T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Plant cultivation and processing may impact nutrient and phytochemical content of vegetables. The present study aimed at determining the influence of cultivation and processing on the health promoting capacity of African nightshade (Solanum scabrum Mill.) leaves, an indigenous vegetable, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals. Anti-genotoxicity against the human liver carcinogen aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) as determined by the comet assay and radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated in human derived liver (HepG2) cells. ROS scavenging activity was assessed using electron paramagnetic spin resonance and quantification of ARE/Nrf2 mediated gene expression. The cultivation was done under different environmental conditions. The processing included fermentation and cooking; postharvest ultraviolet irradiation (UV-C) treatment was also investigated. Overall, S. scabrum extracts showed strong health promoting potential, the highest potential was observed with the fermented extract, which showed a 60% reduction of AFB1 induced DNA damage and a 38% reduction in FeSO4 induced oxidative stress. The content of total polyphenols, carotenoids and chlorophylls was indeed affected by cultivation and processing. Based on the present in vitro findings consumption of S. scabrum leaves could be further encouraged, preferentially after cooking or fermentation of the plant. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1133 KW - aflatoxin B1 KW - African indigenous vegetables KW - anti-genotoxicity KW - anti-oxidant activity KW - cancer chemoprevention KW - Solanaceae Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459114 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krupkova, Olga A1 - Sadowska, Aleksandra A1 - Kameda, Takuya A1 - Hitzl, Wolfgang A1 - Hausmann, Oliver Nic A1 - Klasen, Jürgen A1 - Wuertz-Kozak, Karin T1 - p38 MaPK facilitates crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and IL-6 release in the intervertebral Disc T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Degenerative disc disease is associated with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the intervertebral disc (IVD). However, it is not completely clear how inflammation arises in the IVD and which cellular compartments are involved in this process. Recently, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has emerged as a possible modulator of inflammation in age-related disorders. In addition, ER stress has been associated with the microenvironment of degenerated IVDs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of ER stress on inflammatory responses in degenerated human IVDs and associated molecular mechanisms. Gene expression of ER stress marker GRP78 and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha was analyzed in human surgical IVD samples (n = 51, Pfirrmann grade 2-5). The expression of GRP78 positively correlated with the degeneration grade in lumbar IVDs and IL-6, but not with IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. Another set of human surgical IVD samples (n = 25) was used to prepare primary cell cultures. ER stress inducer thapsigargin (Tg, 100 and 500 nM) activated gene and protein expression of IL-6 and induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. Both inhibition of p38 MAPK by SB203580 (10 mu M) and knockdown of ER stress effector CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) reduced gene and protein expression of IL-6 in Tg-treated cells. Furthermore, the effects of an inflammatory microenvironment on ER stress were tested. TNF-alpha (5 and 10 ng/mL) did not activate ER stress, while IL-1 beta (5 and 10 ng/mL) activated gene and protein expression of GRP78, but did not influence [Ca2+](i) flux and expression of CHOP, indicating that pro-inflammatory cytokines alone may not induce ER stress in vivo. This study showed that IL-6 release in the IVD can be initiated following ER stress and that ER stress mediates IL-6 release through p38 MAPK and CHOP. Therapeutic targeting of ER stress response may reduce the consequences of the harsh microenvironment in degenerated IVD. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 705 KW - intervertebral disc KW - inflammation KW - endoplasmic reticulum stress KW - p38 MAPK KW - CHOP KW - GADD153 KW - GRP78 KW - IL-6 Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-468698 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 705 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reindl, Nicole A1 - Finch, Nicolle L. A1 - Schaffenroth, Veronika A1 - Barstow, Martin A. A1 - Casewell, Sarah L. A1 - Geier, Stephan Alfred A1 - Bertolami Miller, Marcelo Miguel A1 - Taubenberger, Stefan T1 - Revealing the true nature of Hen2-428 T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The nucleus of Hen 2-428 is a short orbital period (4.2 h) spectroscopic binary, whose status as potential supernovae type Ia progenitor has raised some controversy in the literature. We present preliminary results of a thorough analysis of this interesting system, which combines quantitative non-local thermodynamic (non-LTE) equilibrium spectral modelling, radial velocity analysis, multi-band light curve fitting, and state-of-the art stellar evolutionary calculations. Importantly, we find that the dynamical system mass that is derived by using all available He II lines does not exceed the Chandrasekhar mass limit. Furthermore, the individual masses of the two central stars are too small to lead to an SN Ia in case of a dynamical explosion during the merger process. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1129 KW - binaries: spectroscopic KW - stars: atmospheres KW - stars: abundances KW - Supernovae Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459703 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Johanna A1 - Block, Andrea A1 - Becker, Matthias A1 - Fenske, Kristin A1 - Hertel, Johannes A1 - Van der Auwera, Sandra A1 - Zymara, Kathleen A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Freyberger, Harald Jürgen A1 - Grabe, Hans Jörgen T1 - Assessment of subjective emotional valence and long-lasting impact of life events BT - development and psychometrics of the Stralsund Life Event List (SEL) T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background: Life events (LEs) are associated with future physical and mental health. They are crucial for understanding the pathways to mental disorders as well as the interactions with biological parameters. However, deeper insight is needed into the complex interplay between the type of LE, its subjective evaluation and accompanying factors such as social support. The "Stralsund Life Event List" (SEL) was developed to facilitate this research. Methods: The SEL is a standardized interview that assesses the time of occurrence and frequency of 81 LEs, their subjective emotional valence, the perceived social support during the LE experience and the impact of past LEs on present life. Data from 2265 subjects from the general population-based cohort study "Study of Health in Pomerania" (SHIP) were analysed. Based on the mean emotional valence ratings of the whole sample, LEs were categorized as "positive" or "negative". For verification, the SEL was related to lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD; Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview), childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), resilience (Resilience Scale) and subjective health (SF-12 Health Survey). Results: The report of lifetime MDD was associated with more negative emotional valence ratings of negative LEs (OR = 2.96, p < 0.0001). Negative LEs (b = 0.071, p < 0.0001, beta = 0.25) and more negative emotional valence ratings of positive LEs (b = 3.74, p < 0.0001, beta = 0.11) were positively associated with childhood trauma. In contrast, more positive emotional valence ratings of positive LEs were associated with higher resilience (b = -7.05, p < 0.0001, beta = 0.13), and a lower present impact of past negative LEs was associated with better subjective health (b = 2.79, p = 0.001, beta = 0.05). The internal consistency of the generated scores varied considerably, but the mean value was acceptable (averaged Cronbach's alpha > 0.75). Conclusions: The SEL is a valid instrument that enables the analysis of the number and frequency of LEs, their emotional valence, perceived social support and current impact on life on a global score and on an individual item level. Thus, we can recommend its use in research settings that require the assessment and analysis of the relationship between the occurrence and subjective evaluation of LEs as well as the complex balance between distressing and stabilizing life experiences. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 704 KW - positive life events KW - negative life events KW - general population KW - emotional valence KW - depressive disorder Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459856 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 704 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodgkins, Suzanne B. A1 - Richardson, Curtis J. A1 - Dommain, René A1 - Wang, Hongjun A1 - Glaser, Paul H. A1 - Verbeke, Brittany A1 - Winkler, B. Rose A1 - Cobb, Alexander R. A1 - Rich, Virginia I. A1 - Missilmani, Malak A1 - Flanagan, Neal A1 - Ho, Mengchi A1 - Hoyt, Alison M. A1 - Harvey, Charles F. A1 - Vining, S. Rose A1 - Hough, Moira A. A1 - Moore, Tim R. A1 - Richard, Pierre J. H. A1 - De La Cruz, Florentino B. A1 - Toufaily, Joumana A1 - Hamdan, Rasha A1 - Cooper, William T. A1 - Chanton, Jeffrey P. T1 - Tropical peatland carbon storage linked to global latitudinal trends in peat recalcitrance T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Peatlands represent large terrestrial carbon banks. Given that most peat accumulates in boreal regions, where low temperatures and water saturation preserve organic matter, the existence of peat in (sub)tropical regions remains enigmatic. Here we examined peat and plant chemistry across a latitudinal transect from the Arctic to the tropics. Near-surface low-latitude peat has lower carbohydrate and greater aromatic content than near-surface high-latitude peat, creating a reduced oxidation state and resulting recalcitrance. This recalcitrance allows peat to persist in the (sub)tropics despite warm temperatures. Because we observed similar declines in carbohydrate content with depth in high-latitude peat, our data explain recent field-scale deep peat warming experiments in which catotelm (deeper) peat remained stable despite temperature increases up to 9 degrees C. We suggest that high-latitude deep peat reservoirs may be stabilized in the face of climate change by their ultimately lower carbohydrate and higher aromatic composition, similar to tropical peats. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1125 KW - dissolved organic matter KW - greenhouse gas fluxes KW - permafrost thaw KW - Northern Minnesota KW - FTIR spectroscopy KW - lignin content KW - brown rot KW - decomposition KW - chemistry KW - dynamics Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-459658 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prát, Tomáš A1 - Hajny ́, Jakub A1 - Grunewald, Wim A1 - Vasileva, Mina A1 - Molnár, Gergely A1 - Tejos, Ricardo A1 - Schmid, Markus A1 - Sauer, Michael A1 - Friml, Jiří T1 - WRKY23 is a component of the transcriptional network mediating auxin feedback on PIN polarity T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Auxin is unique among plant hormones due to its directional transport that is mediated by the polarly distributed PIN auxin transporters at the plasma membrane. The canalization hypothesis proposes that the auxin feedback on its polar flow is a crucial, plant-specific mechanism mediating multiple self-organizing developmental processes. Here, we used the auxin effect on the PIN polar localization in Arabidopsis thaliana roots as a proxy for the auxin feedback on the PIN polarity during canalization. We performed microarray experiments to find regulators of this process that act downstream of auxin. We identified genes that were transcriptionally regulated by auxin in an AXR3/IAA17-and ARF7/ARF19-dependent manner. Besides the known components of the PIN polarity, such as PID and PIP5K kinases, a number of potential new regulators were detected, among which the WRKY23 transcription factor, which was characterized in more detail. Gain-and loss-of-function mutants confirmed a role for WRKY23 in mediating the auxin effect on the PIN polarity. Accordingly, processes requiring auxin-mediated PIN polarity rearrangements, such as vascular tissue development during leaf venation, showed a higher WRKY23 expression and required the WRKY23 activity. Our results provide initial insights into the auxin transcriptional network acting upstream of PIN polarization and, potentially, canalization-mediated plant development. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1123 KW - apical-basal axis KW - arabidopsis-thaliana KW - root gravitropism KW - DNA-binding KW - gene-expression KW - transport KW - efflux KW - canalization KW - plants KW - phosphorylation Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446331 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küken, Anika A1 - Sommer, Frederik A1 - Yaneva-Roder, Liliya A1 - Mackinder, Luke C.M. A1 - Höhne, Melanie A1 - Geimer, Stefan A1 - Jonikas, Martin C. A1 - Schroda, Michael A1 - Stitt, Mark A1 - Nikoloski, Zoran A1 - Mettler-Altmann, Tabea T1 - Effects of microcompartmentation on flux distribution and metabolic pools in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplasts T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Cells and organelles are not homogeneous but include microcompartments that alter the spatiotemporal characteristics of cellular processes. The effects of microcompartmentation on metabolic pathways are however difficult to study experimentally. The pyrenoid is a microcompartment that is essential for a carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) that improves the photosynthetic performance of eukaryotic algae. Using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we obtained experimental data on photosynthesis, metabolites, and proteins in CCM-induced and CCM-suppressed cells. We then employed a computational strategy to estimate how fluxes through the Calvin-Benson cycle are compartmented between the pyrenoid and the stroma. Our model predicts that ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), the substrate of Rubisco, and 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA), its product, diffuse in and out of the pyrenoid, respectively, with higher fluxes in CCM-induced cells. It also indicates that there is no major diffusional barrier to metabolic flux between the pyrenoid and stroma. Our computational approach represents a stepping stone to understanding microcompartmentalized CCM in other organisms. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1122 KW - carbon concentrating mechanism KW - B12-dependent 1,2-propanediol degradation KW - green algae KW - co2 concentrating mechanism KW - salmonella typhimurium KW - co2 concentration KW - enzyme activities KW - anhydrase CAH3 KW - protein KW - expression Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446358 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reichel, Martin A1 - Rhein, Cosima A1 - Hofmann, Lena M. A1 - Monti, Juliana A1 - Japtok, Lukasz A1 - Langgartner, Dominik A1 - Füchsl, Andrea M. A1 - Kleuser, Burkhard A1 - Gulbins, Erich A1 - Hellerbrand, Claus A1 - Reber, Stefan O. A1 - Kornhuber, Johannes T1 - Chronic psychosocial stress in mice is associated with increased acid sphingomyelinase activity in liver and serum and with hepatic C16:0-ceramide accumulation T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Chronic psychosocial stress adversely affects human morbidity and is a risk factor for inflammatory disorders, liver diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and major depressive disorder (MDD). In recent studies, we found an association of MDD with an increase of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity. Thus, we asked whether chronic psychosocial stress as a detrimental factor contributing to the emergence of MDD would also affect ASM activity and sphingolipid (SL) metabolism. To induce chronic psychosocial stress in male mice we employed the chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC) paradigm and compared them to non-stressed single housed control (SHC) mice. We determined Asm activity in liver and serum, hepatic SL concentrations as well as hepatic mRNA expression of genes involved in SL metabolism. We found that hepatic Asm activity was increased by 28% (P = 0.006) and secretory Asm activity by 47% (P = 0.002) in stressed mice. C16:0-Cer was increased by 40% (P = 0.008). Gene expression analysis further revealed an increased expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (P = 0.009) and of several genes involved in SL metabolism (Cers5, P = 0.028; Cers6, P = 0.045; Gba, P = 0.049; Gba2, P = 0.030; Ormdl2, P = 0.034; Smpdl3B; P = 0.013). Our data thus provides first evidence that chronic psychosocial stress, at least in mice, induces alterations in SL metabolism, which in turn might be involved in mediating the adverse health effects of chronic psychosocial stress and peripheral changes occurring in mood disorders. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1120 KW - chronic psychosocial stress KW - acid sphingomyelinase KW - ceramide KW - sphingolipid metabolism KW - chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC) KW - liver metabolism Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446241 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Coesfeld, Jacqueline A1 - Anderson, Sharolyn J. A1 - Baugh, Kimberly A1 - Elvidge, Christopher D. A1 - Schernthanner, Harald A1 - Kyba, Christopher C. M. T1 - Variation of individual location radiance in VIIRS DNB monthly composite images T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - With the growing size and use of night light time series from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night Band (DNB), it is important to understand the stability of the dataset. All satellites observe differences in pixel values during repeat observations. In the case of night light data, these changes can be due to both environmental effects and changes in light emission. Here we examine the stability of individual locations of particular large scale light sources (e.g., airports and prisons) in the monthly composites of DNB data from April 2012 to September 2017. The radiances for individual pixels of most large light emitters are approximately normally distributed, with a standard deviation of typically 15-20% of the mean. Greenhouses and flares, however, are not stable sources. We observe geospatial autocorrelation in the monthly variations for nearby sites, while the correlation for sites separated by large distances is small. This suggests that local factors contribute most to the variation in the pixel radiances and furthermore that averaging radiances over large areas will reduce the total variation. A better understanding of the causes of temporal variation would improve the sensitivity of DNB to lighting changes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1113 KW - artificial light at night KW - light pollution KW - night lights KW - VIIRS DNB Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-472326 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantzouki, Evanthia A1 - Lürling, Miquel A1 - Fastner, Jutta A1 - Domis, Lisette Nicole de Senerpont A1 - Wilk-Woźniak, Elżbieta A1 - Koreiviene, Judita A1 - Seelen, Laura A1 - Teurlincx, Sven A1 - Verstijnen, Yvon A1 - Krztoń, Wojciech A1 - Walusiak, Edward A1 - Karosienė, Jūratė A1 - Kasperovičienė, Jūratė A1 - Savadova, Ksenija A1 - Vitonytė, Irma A1 - Cillero-Castro, Carmen A1 - Budzyńska, Agnieszka A1 - Goldyn, Ryszard A1 - Kozak, Anna A1 - Rosińska, Joanna A1 - Szeląg-Wasielewska, Elżbieta A1 - Domek, Piotr A1 - Jakubowska-Krepska, Natalia A1 - Kwasizur, Kinga A1 - Messyasz, Beata A1 - Pełechata, Aleksandra A1 - Pełechaty, Mariusz A1 - Kokocinski, Mikolaj A1 - García-Murcia, Ana A1 - Real, Monserrat A1 - Romans, Elvira A1 - Noguero-Ribes, Jordi A1 - Duque, David Parreño A1 - Fernández-Morán, Elísabeth A1 - Karakaya, Nusret A1 - Häggqvist, Kerstin A1 - Beklioğlu, Meryem A1 - Filiz, Nur A1 - Levi, Eti E. A1 - Iskin, Uğur A1 - Bezirci, Gizem A1 - Tavşanoğlu, Ülkü Nihan A1 - Özhan, Koray A1 - Gkelis, Spyros A1 - Panou, Manthos A1 - Fakioglu, Özden A1 - Avagianos, Christos A1 - Kaloudis, Triantafyllos A1 - Çelik, Kemal A1 - Yilmaz, Mete A1 - Marcé, Rafael A1 - Catalán, Nuria A1 - Bravo, Andrea G. A1 - Buck, Moritz A1 - Colom-Montero, William A1 - Mustonen, Kristiina A1 - Pierson, Don A1 - Yang, Yang A1 - Raposeiro, Pedro M. A1 - Gonçalves, Vítor A1 - Antoniou, Maria G. A1 - Tsiarta, Nikoletta A1 - McCarthy, Valerie A1 - Perello, Victor C. A1 - Feldmann, Tõnu A1 - Laas, Alo A1 - Panksep, Kristel A1 - Tuvikene, Lea A1 - Gagala, Ilona A1 - Mankiewicz-Boczek, Joana A1 - Yağcı, Meral Apaydın A1 - Çınar, Şakir A1 - Çapkın, Kadir A1 - Yağcı, Abdulkadir A1 - Cesur, Mehmet A1 - Bilgin, Fuat A1 - Bulut, Cafer A1 - Uysal, Rahmi A1 - Obertegger, Ulrike A1 - Boscaini, Adriano A1 - Flaim, Giovanna A1 - Salmaso, Nico A1 - Cerasino, Leonardo A1 - Richardson, Jessica A1 - Visser, Petra M. A1 - Verspagen, Jolanda M. H. A1 - Karan, Tünay A1 - Soylu, Elif Neyran A1 - Maraşlıoğlu, Faruk A1 - Napiórkowska-Krzebietke, Agnieszka A1 - Ochocka, Agnieszka A1 - Pasztaleniec, Agnieszka A1 - Antão-Geraldes, Ana M. A1 - Vasconcelos, Vitor A1 - Morais, João A1 - Vale, Micaela A1 - Köker, Latife A1 - Akçaalan, Reyhan A1 - Albay, Meriç A1 - Maronić, Dubravka Špoljarić A1 - Stević, Filip A1 - Pfeiffer, Tanja Žuna A1 - Fonvielle, Jeremy Andre A1 - Straile, Dietmar A1 - Rothhaupt, Karl-Otto A1 - Hansson, Lars-Anders A1 - Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo A1 - Bláha, Luděk A1 - Geriš, Rodan A1 - Fránková, Markéta A1 - Koçer, Mehmet Ali Turan A1 - Alp, Mehmet Tahir A1 - Remec-Rekar, Spela A1 - Elersek, Tina A1 - Triantis, Theodoros A1 - Zervou, Sevasti-Kiriaki A1 - Hiskia, Anastasia A1 - Haande, Sigrid A1 - Skjelbred, Birger A1 - Madrecka, Beata A1 - Nemova, Hana A1 - Drastichova, Iveta A1 - Chomova, Lucia A1 - Edwards, Christine A1 - Sevindik, Tuğba Ongun A1 - Tunca, Hatice A1 - Önem, Burçin A1 - Aleksovski, Boris A1 - Krstić, Svetislav A1 - Vucelić, Itana Bokan A1 - Nawrocka, Lidia A1 - Salmi, Pauliina A1 - Machado-Vieira, Danielle A1 - Oliveira, Alinne Gurjão De A1 - Delgado-Martín, Jordi A1 - García, David A1 - Cereijo, Jose Luís A1 - Gomà, Joan A1 - Trapote, Mari Carmen A1 - Vegas-Vilarrúbia, Teresa A1 - Obrador, Biel A1 - Grabowska, Magdalena A1 - Karpowicz, Maciej A1 - Chmura, Damian A1 - Úbeda, Bárbara A1 - Gálvez, José Ángel A1 - Özen, Arda A1 - Christoffersen, Kirsten Seestern A1 - Warming, Trine Perlt A1 - Kobos, Justyna A1 - Mazur-Marzec, Hanna A1 - Pérez-Martínez, Carmen A1 - Ramos-Rodríguez, Eloísa A1 - Arvola, Lauri A1 - Alcaraz-Párraga, Pablo A1 - Toporowska, Magdalena A1 - Pawlik-Skowronska, Barbara A1 - Niedźwiecki, Michał A1 - Pęczuła, Wojciech A1 - Leira, Manel A1 - Hernández, Armand A1 - Moreno-Ostos, Enrique A1 - Blanco, José María A1 - Rodríguez, Valeriano A1 - Montes-Pérez, Jorge Juan A1 - Palomino, Roberto L. A1 - Rodríguez-Pérez, Estela A1 - Carballeira, Rafael A1 - Camacho, Antonio A1 - Picazo, Antonio A1 - Rochera, Carlos A1 - Santamans, Anna C. A1 - Ferriol, Carmen A1 - Romo, Susana A1 - Soria, Juan Miguel A1 - Dunalska, Julita A1 - Sieńska, Justyna A1 - Szymański, Daniel A1 - Kruk, Marek A1 - Kostrzewska-Szlakowska, Iwona A1 - Jasser, Iwona A1 - Žutinić, Petar A1 - Udovič, Marija Gligora A1 - Plenković-Moraj, Anđelka A1 - Frąk, Magdalena A1 - Bańkowska-Sobczak, Agnieszka A1 - Wasilewicz, Michał A1 - Özkan, Korhan A1 - Maliaka, Valentini A1 - Kangro, Kersti A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Paerl, Hans W. A1 - Carey, Cayelan C. A1 - Ibelings, Bas W. T1 - Temperature effects explain continental scale distribution of cyanobacterial toxins T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Insight into how environmental change determines the production and distribution of cyanobacterial toxins is necessary for risk assessment. Management guidelines currently focus on hepatotoxins (microcystins). Increasing attention is given to other classes, such as neurotoxins (e.g., anatoxin-a) and cytotoxins (e.g., cylindrospermopsin) due to their potency. Most studies examine the relationship between individual toxin variants and environmental factors, such as nutrients, temperature and light. In summer 2015, we collected samples across Europe to investigate the effect of nutrient and temperature gradients on the variability of toxin production at a continental scale. Direct and indirect effects of temperature were the main drivers of the spatial distribution in the toxins produced by the cyanobacterial community, the toxin concentrations and toxin quota. Generalized linear models showed that a Toxin Diversity Index (TDI) increased with latitude, while it decreased with water stability. Increases in TDI were explained through a significant increase in toxin variants such as MC-YR, anatoxin and cylindrospermopsin, accompanied by a decreasing presence of MC-LR. While global warming continues, the direct and indirect effects of increased lake temperatures will drive changes in the distribution of cyanobacterial toxins in Europe, potentially promoting selection of a few highly toxic species or strains. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1105 KW - microcystin KW - anatoxin KW - cylindrospermopsin KW - temperature KW - direct effects KW - indirect effects KW - spatial distribution KW - European Multi Lake Survey Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-427902 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gabriel, Marvin A1 - Toader, Camelia A1 - Faul, Franziska A1 - Rosskopf, Niko A1 - Grundling, Piet-Louis A1 - Van Huyssteen, Cornelius W. A1 - Grundling, Althea T. A1 - Zeitz, Jutta T1 - Physical and hydrological properties of peat as proxies for degradation of South African peatlands BT - Implications for conservation and restoration T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The physical and hydrological properties of peat from seven peatlands in northern Maputaland (South Africa) were investigated and related to the degradation processes of peatlands in different hydrogeomorphic settings. The selected peatlands are representative of typical hydrogeomorphic settings and different stages of human modification from natural to severely degraded. Nineteen transects (141 soil corings in total) were examined in order to describe peat properties typical of the distinct hydrogeomorphic settings. We studied degree of decomposition, organic matter content, bulk density, water retention, saturated hydraulic conductivity and hydrophobicity of the peats. From these properties we derived pore size distribution, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and maximum capillary rise. We found that, after drainage, degradation advances faster in peatlands containing wood peat than in peatlands containing radicell peat. Eucalyptus plantations in catchment areas are especially threatening to peatlands in seeps, interdune depressions and unchannelled valley bottoms. All peatlands and their recharge areas require wise management, especially valley-bottom peatlands with swamp forest vegetation. Blocking drainage ditches is indispensable as a first step towards achieving the restoration of drained peatland areas, and further measures may be necessary to enhance the distribution of water. The sensitive swamp forest ecosystems should be given conservation priority. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1103 KW - moorsh forming process KW - swamp forest KW - restoration KW - unsaturated hydraulic conductivity Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470514 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Qi A1 - Kämpf, Horst A1 - Bussert, Robert A1 - Krauze, Patryk A1 - Horn, Fabian A1 - Nickschick, Tobias A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Wagner, Dirk A1 - Alawi, Mashal T1 - Influence of CO2 degassing on the microbial community in a dry mofette field in Hartoušov, Czech Republic (Western Eger Rift) T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The Cheb Basin (CZ) is a shallow Neogene intracontinental basin filled with fluvial and lacustrine sediments that is located in the western part of the Eger Rift. The basin is situated in a seismically active area and is characterized by diffuse degassing of mantle-derived CO2 in mofette fields. The Hartousov mofette field shows a daily CO2 flux of 23-97 tons of CO2 released over an area of 0.35 km(2) and a soil gas concentration of up to 100% CO2. The present study aims to explore the geo-bio interactions provoked by the influence of elevated CO2 concentrations on the geochemistry and microbial community of soils and sediments. To sample the strata, two 3-m cores were recovered. One core stems from the center of the degassing structure, whereas the other core was taken 8 m from the ENE and served as an undisturbed reference site. The sites were compared regarding their geochemical features, microbial abundances, and microbial community structures. The mofette site is characterized by a low pH and high TOC/sulfate contents. Striking differences in the microbial community highlight the substantial impact of elevated CO2 concentrations and their associated side effects on microbial processes. The abundance of microbes did not show a typical decrease with depth, indicating that the uprising CO2-rich fluid provides sufficient substrate for chemolithoautotrophic anaerobic microorganisms. Illumine MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes and multivariate statistics reveals that the pH strongly influences microbial composition and explains around 38.7% of the variance at the mofette site and 22.4% of the variance between the mofette site and the undisturbed reference site. Accordingly, acidophilic microorganisms (e.g., OTUs assigned to Acidobacteriaceae and Acidithiobacillus) displayed a much higher relative abundance at the mofette site than at the reference site. The microbial community at the mofette site is characterized by a high relative abundance of methanogens and taxa involved in sulfur cycling. The present study provides intriguing insights into microbial life and geo-bio interactions in an active seismic region dominated by emanating mantle-derived CO2-rich fluids, and thereby builds the basis for further studies, e.g., focusing on the functional repertoire of the communities. However, it remains open if the observed patterns can be generalized for different time-points or sites. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1100 KW - geo-bio interaction KW - elevated CO2 concentration KW - paleo-sediment KW - deep biosphere KW - acidophilic microorganisms KW - Acidobactetiaceae KW - Acidithiobacillus KW - Acidothermus Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471153 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plöhn, Svenja A1 - Edelmann, Bärbel A1 - Japtok, Lukasz A1 - He, Xingxuan A1 - Hose, Matthias A1 - Hansen, Wiebke A1 - Schuchman, Edward H. A1 - Eckstein, Anja A1 - Berchner-Pfannschmidt, Utta T1 - CD40 enhances sphingolipids in orbital fibroblasts BT - potential role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in inflammatory T-cell migration in Graves' orbitopathy T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - PURPOSE. Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune orbital disorder associated with Graves' disease caused by thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies. Orbital fibroblasts (OFs) and CD40 play a key role in disease pathogenesis. The bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been implicated in promoting adipogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation in OFs. We investigated the role of CD40 signaling in inducing S1P activity in orbital inflammation. METHODS. OFs and T cells were derived from GO patients and healthy control (Ctl) persons. S1P abundance in orbital tissues was evaluated by immunofluorescence. OFs were stimulated with CD40 ligand and S1P levels were determined by ELISA. Further, activities of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), acid ceramidase, and sphingosine kinase were measured by ultraperformance liquid chromatography. Sphingosine and ceramide contents were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Finally, the role for S1P in T-cell attraction was investigated by T-cell migration assays. RESULTS. GO orbital tissue showed elevated amounts of S1P as compared to control samples. Stimulation of CD40 induced S1P expression in GO-derived OFs, while Ctl-OFs remained unaffected. A significant increase of ASM and sphingosine kinase activities, as well as lipid formation, was observed in GO-derived OFs. Migration assay of T cells in the presence of SphK inhibitor revealed that S1P released by GO-OFs attracted T cells for migration. CONCLUSIONS. The results demonstrated that CD40 ligand stimulates GO fibroblast to produce S1P, which is a driving force for T-cell migration. The results support the use of S1P receptor signaling modulators in GO management. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1099 KW - Grave’s orbitopathy KW - sphingosine-1-phosphate KW - sphingolipids KW - inflammation Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-468837 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1099 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sadowska, Aleksandra A1 - Kameda, Takuya A1 - Krupkova, Olga A1 - Würtz-Kozak, Karin T1 - Osmosensing, osmosignalling and inflammation BT - how intervertebral disc cells respond to altered osmolarity T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Intervertebral disc (IVD) cells are naturally exposed to high osmolarity and complex mechanical loading, which drive microenvironmental osmotic changes. Age- and degeneration-induced degradation of the IVD's extracellular matrix causes osmotic imbalance, which, together with an altered function of cellular receptors and signalling pathways, instigates local osmotic stress. Cellular responses to osmotic stress include osmoadaptation and activation of pro-inflammatory pathways. This review summarises the current knowledge on how IVD cells sense local osmotic changes and translate these signals into physiological or pathophysiological responses, with a focus on inflammation. Furthermore, it discusses the expression and function of putative membrane osmosensors (e.g. solute carrier transporters, transient receptor potential channels, aquaporins and acid-sensing ion channels) and osmosignalling mediators [e.g. tonicity responseelement-binding protein/nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (TonEBP/NFAT5), nuclear factor kappa-lightchain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B)] in healthy and degenerated IVDs. Finally, an overview of the potential therapeutic targets for modifying osmosensing and osmosignalling in degenerated IVDs is provided. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 693 KW - intervertebral disc degeneration KW - degenerative disc disease KW - osmolarity KW - hyper-osmolarity KW - hypo-osmolarity KW - osmotic KW - inflammatory KW - transient receptor potential channel KW - aquaporin KW - tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-469080 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 693 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shan, Yuli A1 - Guan, Dabo A1 - Hubacek, Klaus A1 - Zheng, Bo A1 - Davis, Steven J. A1 - Jia, Lichao A1 - Liu, Jianghua A1 - Liu, Zhu A1 - Fromer, Neil A1 - Mi, Zhifu A1 - Meng, Jing A1 - Deng, Xiangzheng A1 - Li, Yuan A1 - Lin, Jintai A1 - Schroeder, Heike A1 - Weisz, Helga A1 - Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim T1 - City-level climate change mitigation in China T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - As national efforts to reduce CO2 emissions intensify, policy-makers need increasingly specific, subnational information about the sources of CO2 and the potential reductions and economic implications of different possible policies. This is particularly true in China, a large and economically diverse country that has rapidly industrialized and urbanized and that has pledged under the Paris Agreement that its emissions will peak by 2030. We present new, city level estimates of CO2 emissions for 182 Chinese cities, decomposed into 17 different fossil fuels, 46 socioeconomic sectors, and 7 industrial processes. We find that more affluent cities have systematically lower emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP), supported by imports from less affluent, industrial cities located nearby. In turn, clusters of industrial cities are supported by nearby centers of coal or oil extraction. Whereas policies directly targeting manufacturing and electric power infrastructure would drastically undermine the GDP of industrial cities, consumption based policies might allow emission reductions to be subsidized by those with greater ability to pay. In particular, sector based analysis of each city suggests that technological improvements could be a practical and effective means of reducing emissions while maintaining growth and the current economic structure and energy system. We explore city-level emission reductions under three scenarios of technological progress to show that substantial reductions (up to 31%) are possible by updating a disproportionately small fraction of existing infrastructure. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1096 KW - carbon-dioxide emissions KW - fired power plants KW - co2 emissions KW - energy use KW - cluster analysis KW - uncertainties KW - urbanization KW - methodology KW - combustion KW - inventory Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-471541 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1096 ER -