TY - THES A1 - Rottler, Erwin T1 - Implementation of a snow routine into the hydrological model WASA-SED and its validation in a mountainous catchment T1 - Einbau einer Schneeroutine in das hydrologische Modell WASA-SED und deren Validierung in einem gebirgigen Einzugsgebiet N2 - In many regions of the world, snow accumulation and melt constitute important components of the hydrologic cycle. With the objective to improve model performance of the hydrological model WASA-SED (Water Availability in Semi-Arid environments - SEDiments) in catchments affected by snow and ice, a physically-based snow routine has been implemented into the model. The snow routine bases on the energy-balance method of the ECHSE (Eco-hydrological Simulation Environment) software. A first test application has been conducted in two sub-basins of the Isábena river catchment (Central Spanish Pre-Pyrenees). Results were validated using satellite-derived snow cover data. Furthermore, a rainfall gauge correction algorithm to restore the liquid precipitation signal of measurements affected by solid precipitation was applied. The snow module proved to be able to capture the dynamics of the snow cover forming during the cold months of the year. The temporary storage of water in the snow cover is able to improve simulations of river discharge. General patterns of the temporal evolution of observed and simulated snow cover fractions coincide. The work conducted only represents a first step in the process of implementation and evaluation of a physically-based snow routine into WASA-SED. Future work is necessary to further improve and test the snow routine and to resolve difficulties that occurred during model applications in the catchment. N2 - In vielen Gebieten der Erde stellen die Prozesse Schneeakkumulation und -schmelze einen wichtigen Bestandteil des Wasserkreislaufs dar. Im Bestreben, Simulationen des hydrologischen Modells WASA-SED (Water Availability in Semi-Arid environments - SEDiments) in Gebieten mit Schnee und Eis zu verbessern, wurde eine physikalisch basierte Schneeroutine in die Modellstruktur implementiert. Die Schneeroutine beruht auf der Energiebilanz-Methode der ECHSE-Software (Ecohydrological Simulation Environment). Eine erste Anwendung wurde in zwei Teileinzugsgebieten des Flusses Isábena (zentrale, spanische Pre-Pyrenäen) durchgeführt. Die Validierung der Ergebnisse erfolgte anhand satellitengestützter Schneebedeckungsdaten. Außerdem wurde ein Korrekturalgorithmus zur Wiederherestellung des Signals flüssigen Niederschlags angewendet. Die Schneeroutine konnte die Dynamik der winterlichen Schneedecke erfassen. Die temporäre Speicherung des Niederschlags in der Schneedecken konnte Simulationen des Abflusses im Gebiet verbessern. Das generelle Muster der zeitlichen Entwicklung simulierter und beobachteter Schneebedeckungsgrade stimmt überein. Die durchgeführte Arbeit ist nur ein erster Schritt im Prozess der Implementierung und Validierung einer physikalisch begründeten WASA-SED Schneeroutine. Zukünftige Forschungsarbeit ist nötig, um die Schneeroutine weiter zu verbessern, zu testen und aufgetretene Schwierigkeiten bei der Modellanwendung im Gebiet zu lösen. KW - WASA-SED KW - snow routine KW - energy balance KW - MODIS snow cover KW - Pyrenees KW - WASA-SED KW - Schneeroutine KW - Energiebilanz KW - MODIS Schneebedeckung KW - Pyrenäen Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-504963 ER - TY - THES A1 - Macdonald, Elena T1 - Stable isotopes in precipitation: Modelling intra-event variations using meteorological parameters T1 - Stabile Isotope im Niederschlag: Modellierung von Ereignis-internen Variationen mit meteorologischen Parametern N2 - Die kurzfristige Variabilität der Isotopenzusammensetzung von Niederschlägen in Golm, Deutschland wurde untersucht und modelliert. Dafür wurden Isotopendaten (D/H und 18O/16O) mit einer hohen zeitlichen Auflösung sowie meteorologische Daten von einer Wetterstation und einem Mikroregenradar genutzt. Nach der Datenaufbereitung und dem Zusammenführen aller drei Datensätze wurde eine multivariate lineare Regressionsanalyse durchgeführt. Dies geschah für vier verschiedene, auf den Isotopendaten beruhende Response-Variablen und für den gesamten Datensatz sowie für die zwei Teildatensätze Sommer und Winter. Die verwendeten Response-Variablen sind die Differenzen der δ18O-Werte zu den ereignisbasierten Mittel- und Medianwerten und die Differenzen der Deuterium-Exzess-Werte zu den ereignisbasierten Mittel- und Medianwerten. Für die erhaltenen Modelle wurden die modellierten Werte mit den gemessenen Werten verglichen, wobei sich herausstellte, dass die Messwerte nicht zufriedenstellend wiedergegeben werden konnten. Daher werden am Ende mehrere Vorschläge gemacht, wie das Vorgehen und damit auch das Ergebnis der Modellierung möglicherweise verbessert werden kann. N2 - The short-term variability of the isotopic composition of precipitation in Golm, Germany was assessed and modelled. Isotopic data (D/H and 18O/16O) on intra-event timescales as well as meteorological data from a weather station and a micro rain radar was used. After data preparation and the combination of all three data sets, a multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted. This was done for four different isotopic response variables and for the entire data set as well as for the two subsets Summer and Winter. The used response variables are the δ18O values as the difference to the corresponding event-based mean and as the difference to the median, and the deuterium excess values as the difference to both the mean and the median. The models were evaluated by comparing the modelled values with the observed ones. This showed that the observations could not be reproduced in a satisfactory way. Therefore, several suggestions on how to possibly improve the methods and thus the modelling results are given in the end. KW - stable isotopes KW - isotopic composition KW - micro rain radar KW - multivariate linear regression model KW - stabile Isotope KW - Isotopenzusammensetzung KW - Mikroregenradar KW - multivariates lineares Regressionsmodell Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-506612 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Couto, Rafael C. A1 - Cruz, Vinicius V. A1 - Ertan, Emelie A1 - Eckert, Sebastian A1 - Fondell, Mattis A1 - Dantz, Marcus A1 - Kennedy, Brian A1 - Schmitt, Thorsten A1 - Pietzsch, Annette A1 - Guimarães, Freddy F. A1 - Ågren, Hans A1 - Gel’mukhanov, Faris A1 - Odelius, Michael A1 - Kimberg, Victor A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander T1 - Selective gating to vibrational modes through resonant X-ray scattering T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The dynamics of fragmentation and vibration of molecular systems with a large number of coupled degrees of freedom are key aspects for understanding chemical reactivity and properties. Here we present a resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) study to show how it is possible to break down such a complex multidimensional problem into elementary components. Local multimode nuclear wave packets created by X-ray excitation to different core-excited potential energy surfaces (PESs) will act as spatial gates to selectively probe the particular ground-state vibrational modes and, hence, the PES along these modes. We demonstrate this principle by combining ultra-high resolution RIXS measurements for gas-phase water with state-of-the-art simulations. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1124 KW - potential-energy surface KW - raman-scattering KW - water-vapor KW - spectroscopy KW - chemistry KW - molecule KW - spectrum KW - CM(-1) KW - states KW - NM Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436926 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sebastian A1 - Norell, Jesper A1 - Miedema, Piter S. A1 - Beye, Martin A1 - Fondell, Mattis A1 - Quevedo, Wilson A1 - Kennedy, Brian A1 - Hantschmann, Markus A1 - Pietzsch, Annette A1 - van Kuiken, Benjamin E. A1 - Ross, Matthew A1 - Minitti, Michael P. A1 - Moeller, Stefan P. A1 - Schlotter, William F. A1 - Khalil, Munira A1 - Odelius, Michael A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander T1 - Untersuchung unabhängiger N‐H‐ und N‐C‐Bindungsverformungen auf ultrakurzen Zeitskalen mit resonanter inelastischer Röntgenstreuung T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Die Femtosekundendynamik nach resonanten Photoanregungen mit optischen und Röntgenpulsen ermöglicht eine selektive Verformung von chemischen N‐H‐ und N‐C‐Bindungen in 2‐Thiopyridon in wässriger Lösung. Die Untersuchung der orbitalspezifischen elektronischen Struktur und ihrer Dynamik auf ultrakurzen Zeitskalen mit resonanter inelastischer Röntgenstreuung an der N1s‐Resonanz am Synchrotron und dem Freie‐Elektronen‐Laser LCLS in Kombination mit quantenchemischen Multikonfigurationsberechnungen erbringen den direkten Nachweis dieser kontrollierten photoinduzierten Molekülverformungen und ihrer ultrakurzen Zeitskala. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1121 KW - Photochemie KW - Protonierung KW - RIXS (resonante inelastische Röntgenstreuung) KW - Selektiver Bindungsbruch KW - Stickstoff Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436688 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sebastian A1 - Norell, Jesper A1 - Miedema, Piter S. A1 - Beye, Martin A1 - Fondell, Mattis A1 - Quevedo, Wilson A1 - Kennedy, Brian A1 - Hantschmann, Markus A1 - Pietzsch, Annette A1 - van Kuiken, Benjamin E. A1 - Ross, Matthew A1 - Minitti, Michael P. A1 - Moeller, Stefan P. A1 - Schlotter, William F. A1 - Khalil, Munira A1 - Odelius, Michael A1 - Föhlisch, Alexander T1 - Ultrafast Independent N-H and N-C Bond Deformation Investigated with Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The femtosecond excited-state dynamics following resonant photoexcitation enable the selective deformation of N-H and N-C chemical bonds in 2-thiopyridone in aqueous solution with optical or X-ray pulses. In combination with multiconfigurational quantum-chemical calculations, the orbital-specific electronic structure and its ultrafast dynamics accessed with resonant inelastic X-ray scattering at the N 1s level using synchrotron radiation and the soft X-ray free-electron laser LCLS provide direct evidence for this controlled photoinduced molecular deformation and its ultrashort time-scale. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1115 KW - nitrogen KW - photochemistry KW - protonation KW - RIXS (resonant inelastic X-ray scattering) KW - selective bond cleavage Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-436873 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wick, Kristin A1 - Leeger-Aschmann, Claudia S. A1 - Monn, Nico D. A1 - Radtke, Thomas A1 - Ott, Laura V. A1 - Rebholz, Cornelia E. A1 - Cruz, Sergio A1 - Gerber, Natalie A1 - Schmutz, Einat A. A1 - Puder, Jardena J. A1 - Munsch, Simone A1 - Kakebeeke, Tanja H. A1 - Jenni, Oskar G. A1 - Granacher, Urs A1 - Kriemler, Susi T1 - Interventions to promote fundamental movement skills in childcare and kindergarten BT - a systematic review and meta-analysis T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background Proficiency in fundamental movement skills (FMS) lays the foundation for being physically active and developing more complex motor skills. Improving these motor skills may provide enhanced opportunities for the development of a variety of perceptual, social, and cognitive skills. Objective The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of FMS interventions on actual FMS, targeting typically developing young children. Method Searches in seven databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) up to August 2015 were completed. Trials with children (aged 2-6 years) in childcare or kindergarten settings that applied FMS-enhancing intervention programs of at least 4 weeks and meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Standardized data extraction forms were used. Risk of bias was assessed using a standard scoring scheme (Effective Public Health Practice Project-Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies [EPHPP]). We calculated effects on overall FMS, object control and locomotor subscales (OCS and LMS) by weighted standardized mean differences (SMDbetween) using random-effects models. Certainty in training effects was evaluated using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation System). Results Thirty trials (15 randomized controlled trials and 15 controlled trials) involving 6126 preschoolers (aged 3.3-5.5 years) revealed significant differences among groups in favor of the intervention group (INT) with small-to-large effects on overall FMS (SMDbetween 0.46), OCS (SMDbetween 1.36), and LMS (SMDbetween 0.94). Our certainty in the treatment estimates based on GRADE is very low. Conclusions Although there is relevant effectiveness of programs to improve FMS proficiency in healthy young children, they need to be interpreted with care as they are based on low-quality evidence and immediate post-intervention effects without long-term follow-up. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 702 KW - motor skill KW - high effect size KW - fundamental movement skill KW - motivational climate KW - locomotor skill Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435463 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 702 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Die langfristigen Auswirkungen von Frühgeburtlichkeit auf kognitive Entwicklung und Schulerfolg T1 - Long-term consequences of preterm birth on cognitive development and academic achievement BT - Gibt es einen protektiven Effekt mütterlicher Responsivität? BT - Is there a protective effect of maternal responsiveness? T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - In einer prospektiven Längsschnittstudie wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen früher Responsivität der Mutter und kognitiver Entwicklung ihrer früh- bzw. reifgeborenen Kinder untersucht. Im Alter von drei Monaten wurde dafür die Mutter-Kind-Interaktion mittels Verhaltensbeobachtung erfasst. Bei n=351 der teilnehmenden Kinder (101 frühgeboren) wurde die allgemeine Intelligenz (IQ) im Alter von 11 Jahren und bei n=313 (85 frühgeboren) zusätzlich der höchste erreichte Schulabschluss bis 25 Jahren erhoben. Frühgeborene wiesen mit 11 Jahren einen signifikant niedrigeren IQ als Reifgeborene auf, nachdem für mögliche konfundierende Faktoren kontrolliert worden war. Nur bei Früh-, nicht aber bei Reifgeborenen zeigte sich ein signifikanter positiver Zusammenhang zwischen mütterlicher Responsivität und IQ. Für die Wahrscheinlichkeit einen höheren Schulabschluss (mind. Fachabitur) zu erreichen, fand sich weder ein signifikanter Effekt von Frühgeburtlichkeit noch von mütterlicher Responsivität. N2 - Preterm birth is associated with adverse long-term consequences regarding cognitive development. Whereas children born very preterm represent a subgroup at special risk, also so-called “late preterms” are affected to a lesser degree. Effects of prematurity can be observed until adulthood. For example, decreased wealth was reported in adults born preterm, which was mediated by decreased intelligence during childhood and lower educational qualifications during young adulthood. Hence, it is highly relevant to examine whether certain factors can buffer against the adverse effects of preterm birth on cognitive development. Parenting might play an important role here. There is evidence suggesting a protective effect of sensitive parenting during childhood on later cognitive outcome in preterms. In the current study, we examined whether early responsive maternal care was associated with later intelligence and academic achievement in children born preterm versus fullterm. As part of an ongoing cohort study, early maternal responsiveness was assessed at the child's age of 3 months (adjusted for gestational age) during a nursing and playing situation. At age 11 years, general intelligence (IQ) was determined in n=351 children (101 born preterm; 168 male). Until age 25 years, educational qualification was assessed in n=313 participants (85 born preterm; 145 male). IQ at age 11 was significantly lower in preterms compared to fullterms after adjusting for potential confounders like maternal educational background and early psychosocial risk. A significant interaction between preterm birth and early maternal responsiveness was detected. In preterms only, higher levels of early maternal responsiveness were significantly associated with higher child IQ. Lower IQs in children born preterm as compared to fullterm were observed in the subaverage to average range of maternal responsiveness. Interestingly, preterms exposed to very high levels of maternal responsiveness showed slightly higher IQs when compared to children born at term. With regard to academic achievement, neither a significant effect of preterm birth nor of early maternal responsiveness occurred after adjusting for potential confounders. The results of the current study replicate and extend earlier findings with regard to a protective effect of sensitive parenting on childhood cognitive outcome in preterms. The lacking impact of prematurity on academic achievement may be explained by the exclusion of participants with IQs outside the normal range in the current study. Interventions enhancing early responsive care in parents of preterms may be advisable. More studies on long-term outcomes of such interventions on cognitive development are encouraged. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 701 KW - Frühgeburt KW - Elternverhalten KW - kognitive Entwicklung KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie KW - preterm birth KW - parental quality KW - cognitive development KW - longitudinal study KW - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433536 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 701 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wurzbacher, Christian A1 - Fuchs, Andrea A1 - Attermeyer, Katrin A1 - Frindte, Katharina A1 - Grossart, Hans-Peter A1 - Hupfer, Michael A1 - Casper, Peter A1 - Monaghan, Michael T. T1 - Shifts among Eukaryota, Bacteria, and Archaea define the vertical organization of a lake sediment T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background Lake sediments harbor diverse microbial communities that cycle carbon and nutrients while being constantly colonized and potentially buried by organic matter sinking from the water column. The interaction of activity and burial remained largely unexplored in aquatic sediments. We aimed to relate taxonomic composition to sediment biogeochemical parameters, test whether community turnover with depth resulted from taxonomic replacement or from richness effects, and to provide a basic model for the vertical community structure in sediments. Methods We analyzed four replicate sediment cores taken from 30-m depth in oligo-mesotrophic Lake Stechlin in northern Germany. Each 30-cm core spanned ca. 170 years of sediment accumulation according to 137Cs dating and was sectioned into layers 1–4 cm thick. We examined a full suite of biogeochemical parameters and used DNA metabarcoding to examine community composition of microbial Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota. Results Community β-diversity indicated nearly complete turnover within the uppermost 30 cm. We observed a pronounced shift from Eukaryota- and Bacteria-dominated upper layers (<5 cm) to Bacteria-dominated intermediate layers (5–14 cm) and to deep layers (>14 cm) dominated by enigmatic Archaea that typically occur in deep-sea sediments. Taxonomic replacement was the prevalent mechanism in structuring the community composition and was linked to parameters indicative of microbial activity (e.g., CO2 and CH4 concentration, bacterial protein production). Richness loss played a lesser role but was linked to conservative parameters (e.g., C, N, P) indicative of past conditions. Conclusions By including all three domains, we were able to directly link the exponential decay of eukaryotes with the active sediment microbial community. The dominance of Archaea in deeper layers confirms earlier findings from marine systems and establishes freshwater sediments as a potential low-energy environment, similar to deep sea sediments. We propose a general model of sediment structure and function based on microbial characteristics and burial processes. An upper “replacement horizon” is dominated by rapid taxonomic turnover with depth, high microbial activity, and biotic interactions. A lower “depauperate horizon” is characterized by low taxonomic richness, more stable “low-energy” conditions, and a dominance of enigmatic Archaea. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1111 KW - Archaea KW - Eukaryota KW - Bacteria KW - community KW - freshwater KW - lake KW - DNA metabarcoding KW - beta-diversity KW - sediment KW - turnover Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-431965 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütze, Franziska A1 - Fürst, Steffen A1 - Mielke, Jahel A1 - Steudle, Gesine A. A1 - Wolf, Sarah A1 - Jäger, Carlo C. T1 - The Role of Sustainable Investment in Climate Policy T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Reaching the Sustainable Development Goals requires a fundamental socio-economic transformation accompanied by substantial investment in low-carbon infrastructure. Such a sustainability transition represents a non-marginal change, driven by behavioral factors and systemic interactions. However, typical economic models used to assess a sustainability transition focus on marginal changes around a local optimum, whichby constructionlead to negative effects. Thus, these models do not allow evaluating a sustainability transition that might have substantial positive effects. This paper examines which mechanisms need to be included in a standard computable general equilibrium model to overcome these limitations and to give a more comprehensive view of the effects of climate change mitigation. Simulation results show that, given an ambitious greenhouse gas emission constraint and a price of carbon, positive economic effects are possible if (1) technical progress results (partly) endogenously from the model and (2) a policy intervention triggering an increase of investment is introduced. Additionally, if (3) the investment behavior of firms is influenced by their sales expectations, the effects are amplified. The results provide suggestions for policy-makers, because the outcome indicates that investment-oriented climate policies can lead to more desirable outcomes in economic, social and environmental terms. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 137 KW - climate policy KW - green growth KW - macroeconomic models KW - sustainable investment KW - technical progress KW - expectations KW - 1.5 degrees C Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-470485 SN - 1867-5808 IS - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yarman, Aysu A1 - Jetzschmann, Katharina J. A1 - Neumann, Bettina A1 - Zhang, Xiaorong A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla A1 - Cordin, Aude A1 - Haupt, Karsten A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Enzymes as tools in MIP-sensors T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have the potential to complement antibodies in bioanalysis, are more stable under harsh conditions, and are potentially cheaper to produce. However, the affinity and especially the selectivity of MIPs are in general lower than those of their biological pendants. Enzymes are useful tools for the preparation of MIPs for both low and high-molecular weight targets: As a green alternative to the well-established methods of chemical polymerization, enzyme-initiated polymerization has been introduced and the removal of protein templates by proteases has been successfully applied. Furthermore, MIPs have been coupled with enzymes in order to enhance the analytical performance of biomimetic sensors: Enzymes have been used in MIP-sensors as tracers for the generation and amplification of the measuring signal. In addition, enzymatic pretreatment of an analyte can extend the analyte spectrum and eliminate interferences. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1098 KW - enzymatic MIP synthesis KW - template digestion KW - enzyme tracer KW - enzymatic analyte conversion KW - molecularly imprinted polymers Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-474642 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1098 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Endesfelder, Stefanie A1 - Weichelt, Ulrike A1 - Strauß, Evelyn A1 - Schlör, Anja A1 - Sifringer, Marco A1 - Scheuer, Till A1 - Bührer, Christoph A1 - Schmitz, Thomas T1 - Neuroprotection by caffeine in hyperoxia-induced neonatal brain injury T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Sequelae of prematurity triggered by oxidative stress and free radical-mediated tissue damage have coined the term "oxygen radical disease of prematurity". Caffeine, a potent free radical scavenger and adenosine receptor antagonist, reduces rates of brain damage in preterm infants. In the present study, we investigated the effects of caffeine on oxidative stress markers, anti-oxidative response, inflammation, redox-sensitive transcription factors, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix following the induction of hyperoxia in neonatal rats. The brain of a rat pups at postnatal Day 6 (P6) corresponds to that of a human fetal brain at 28-32 weeks gestation and the neonatal rat is an ideal model in which to investigate effects of oxidative stress and neuroprotection of caffeine on the developing brain. Six-day-old Wistar rats were pre-treated with caffeine and exposed to 80% oxygen for 24 and 48 h. Caffeine reduced oxidative stress marker (heme oxygenase-1, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC)), promoted anti-oxidative response (superoxide dismutase, peroxiredoxin 1, and sulfiredoxin 1), down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulated redox-sensitive transcription factor expression (Nrf2/Keap1, and NF kappa B), reduced pro-apoptotic effectors (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), and caspase-3), and diminished extracellular matrix degeneration (matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2, and inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1/2). Our study affirms that caffeine is a pleiotropic neuroprotective drug in the developing brain due to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1097 KW - anti-oxidative response KW - caffeine KW - hyperoxia KW - oxidative stress KW - preterm infants KW - developing brain Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-475040 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1097 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hentrich, Doreen A1 - Tauer, Klaus A1 - Espanol, Montserrat A1 - Ginebra, Maria-Pau A1 - Taubert, Andreas T1 - EDTA and NTA effectively tune the mineralization of calcium phosphate from bulk aqueous solution T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This study describes the effects of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) on themineralization of calciumphosphate from bulk aqueous solution. Mineralization was performed between pH 6 and 9 and with NTA or EDTA concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 mM. X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy show that at low pH, mainly brushite precipitates and at higher pH, mostly hydroxyapatite forms. Both additives alter the morphology of the precipitates. Without additive, brushite precipitates as large plates. With NTA, the morphology changes to an unusual rod-like shape. With EDTA, the edges of the particles are rounded and disk-like particles form. Conductivity and pH measurements suggest that the final products form through several intermediate steps. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1095 KW - biomineralization KW - biomimetic mineralization KW - calcium phosphate KW - NTA KW - EDTA KW - precipitation KW - brushite KW - hydroxyapatite Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-469186 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1095 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hohm, Erika A1 - Zohsel, Katrin A1 - Schmidt, Martin H. A1 - Esser, Günter A1 - Brandeis, Daniel A1 - Banaschewski, Tobias A1 - Laucht, Manfred T1 - Beeinträchtigter Start ins Leben BT - Langfristige Auswirkungen der postpartalen Depression und der Einfluss des mütterlichen Interaktionsverhaltens T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Postpartale Depressionen sind häufige und schwerwiegende psychische Erkrankungen mit ungünstigem Einfluss auf die kindliche Entwicklung. Als Haupttransmissionsweg gilt die frühe Mutter-Kind-Interaktion. Über die langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Kinder im Erwachsenenalter und die Rolle der Interaktion liegen kaum Ergebnisse vor. Im Rahmen der Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie wurden postpartale Depressionen bis zwei Jahre nach der Geburt erfasst. Die kindliche Entwicklung wurde fortlaufend und die Mutter-Kind-Interaktion im Alter von 3 Monaten standardisiert erhoben. 28 Kinder postpartal depressiver und 107 Kinder gesunder Mütter konnten mit 25 Jahren untersucht werden. Beeinträchtigungen der kognitiven und psychischen Entwicklung bei Kindern postpartal depressiver Mütter waren bis ins Erwachsenenalter nachweisbar. Responsives bzw. sensitives mütterliches Verhalten wirkte der negativen Entwicklung entgegen. Dies betont die Bedeutung einer hohen Qualität der Mutter-Kind-Interaktion für die Entwicklung von Risikokindern. N2 - Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common and serious mental health problem with prevalence rates ranging from 13 % to 19 %, and is associated with an increased risk of adverse child development. PPD is characterized by symptoms common of depression, particularly by impairments of maternity, parenting, and mother–infant interactions. Several reviews suggest an impact on attachment, cognitive, behavioral, and health-related outcome in the offspring. However, the long-term effects of PPD regarding cognitive and mental development into adulthood and the underlying mechanisms, especially the role of maternal interactional behavior, are not yet well understood. In the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, maternal depression was assessed when the child was 3 months and 2 years old. Development from infancy to young adulthood (25 years) was assessed at regular intervals in 28 children of postnatally depressed mothers and 107 children born to mentally healthy mothers. Cognitive outcome up to age 11 was measured using standardized instruments; in adulthood, school outcome was used approximately. Psychiatric diagnosis as well as symptom scores served as psychological outcome. At age 3 months, mothers and infants were videotaped during a nursing and a playing situation. Videotapes of the 10-min session were recorded and evaluated by trained raters (κ > .83) using the Category System for Microanalysis of Early Mother Child Interaction (Esser, Scheven, et al., 1989). The cognitive as well as social–emotional outcome of children of mothers suffering from PPD was significantly poorer than in the children of mentally healthy mothers. The adverse effects were more pronounced during childhood. The offspring of postnatally depressed mothers who interacted in a responsive manner with their infant exhibited a better prognosis in contrast to those with mothers interacting less sensitively. This effect was observed with regard to cognitive development and symptoms of externalizing behavior at age 19 years. Regarding internalizing behavior, no impact of maternal behavior was detected. These findings emphasize the importance of high-quality early mother–child interaction in the development of children at risk. Furthermore, convincing arguments are given for very early specialized treatment of impaired mother–child interactions in mothers suffering from PPD. The PPD treatment should always comprise treatment of depression as well as treatment of the disturbed mother–child interaction. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 692 KW - Postpartale Depression KW - Entwicklung KW - Längsschnittstudie KW - Mannheimer Risikokinderstudie KW - Mutter-Kind-Interaktion KW - postpartum depression KW - development KW - longitudinal study KW - Mannheim Study of Children at Risk KW - mother–child interaction Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-433406 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 692 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sullivan, Mitchell A. A1 - Nitschke, Silvia A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Minassian, Berge A. A1 - Nitschke, Felix T1 - Pathogenesis of Lafora disease BT - transition of soluble glycogen to insoluble polyglucosan T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Lafora disease (LD, OMIM #254780) is a rare, recessively inherited neurodegenerative disease with adolescent onset, resulting in progressive myoclonus epilepsy which is fatal usually within ten years of symptom onset. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in either of the two genes EPM2A (laforin) or EPM2B (malin). It characteristically involves the accumulation of insoluble glycogen-derived particles, named Lafora bodies (LBs), which are considered neurotoxic and causative of the disease. The pathogenesis of LD is therefore centred on the question of how insoluble LBs emerge from soluble glycogen. Recent data clearly show that an abnormal glycogen chain length distribution, but neither hyperphosphorylation nor impairment of general autophagy, strictly correlates with glycogen accumulation and the presence of LBs. This review summarizes results obtained with patients, mouse models, and cell lines and consolidates apparent paradoxes in the LD literature. Based on the growing body of evidence, it proposes that LD is predominantly caused by an impairment in chain-length regulation affecting only a small proportion of the cellular glycogen. A better grasp of LD pathogenesis will further develop our understanding of glycogen metabolism and structure. It will also facilitate the development of clinical interventions that appropriately target the underlying cause of LD. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1080 KW - lafora disease KW - laforin KW - malin KW - polyglucosan body KW - chain length distribution KW - glycogen phosphorylation Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-474622 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1080 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weißhuhn, Peter A1 - Reckling, Moritz A1 - Stachow, Ulrich A1 - Wiggering, Hubert T1 - Supporting agricultural ecosystem services through the integration of perennial polycultures into crop rotations T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This review analyzes the potential role and long-term effects of field perennial polycultures (mixtures) in agricultural systems, with the aim of reducing the trade-offs between provisioning and regulating ecosystem services. First, crop rotations are identified as a suitable tool for the assessment of the long-term effects of perennial polycultures on ecosystem services, which are not visible at the single-crop level. Second, the ability of perennial polycultures to support ecosystem services when used in crop rotations is quantified through eight agricultural ecosystem services. Legume-grass mixtures and wildflower mixtures are used as examples of perennial polycultures, and compared with silage maize as a typical crop for biomass production. Perennial polycultures enhance soil fertility, soil protection, climate regulation, pollination, pest and weed control, and landscape aesthetics compared with maize. They also score lower for biomass production compared with maize, which confirms the trade-off between provisioning and regulating ecosystem services. However, the additional positive factors provided by perennial polycultures, such as reduced costs for mineral fertilizer, pesticides, and soil tillage, and a significant preceding crop effect that increases the yields of subsequent crops, should be taken into account. However, a full assessment of agricultural ecosystem services requires a more holistic analysis that is beyond the capabilities of current frameworks. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1069 KW - agroecosystem KW - assessment KW - legume-grass mixture KW - wildflower mixture KW - perennial crop KW - mixed cropping Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-474410 IS - 1069 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Korzeniowska, Karolina A1 - Korup, Oliver T1 - Object-based detection of lakes prone to seasonal ice cover on the Tibetan Plateau T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The Tibetan Plateau, the world's largest orogenic plateau, hosts thousands of lakes that play prominent roles as water resources, environmental archives, and sources of natural hazards such as glacier lake outburst floods. Previous studies have reported that the size of lakes on the Tibetan Plateau has changed rapidly in recent years, possibly because of atmospheric warming. Tracking these changes systematically with remote sensing data is challenging given the different spectral signatures of water, the potential for confusing lakes with glaciers, and difficulties in classifying frozen or partly frozen lakes. Object-based image analysis (OBIA) offers new opportunities for automated classification in this context, and we have explored this method for mapping lakes from LANDSAT images and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) elevation data. We tested our algorithm for most of the Tibetan Plateau, where lakes in tectonic depressions or blocked by glaciers and sediments have different surface colours and seasonal ice cover in images obtained in 1995 and 2015. We combined a modified normalised difference water index (MNDWI) with OBIA and local topographic slope data in order to classify lakes with an area > 10 km(2). Our method derived 323 water bodies, with a total area of 31,258 km(2), or 2.6% of the study area (in 2015). The same number of lakes had covered only 24,892 km(2) in 1995; lake area has increased by -26% in the past two decades. The classification had estimated producer's and user's accuracies of 0.98, with a Cohen's kappa and F-score of 0.98, and may thus be a useful approximation for quantifying regional hydrological budgets. We have shown that our method is flexible and transferable to detecting lakes in diverse physical settings on several continents with similar success rates. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1037 KW - Tibetan Plateau KW - lakes KW - LANDSAT KW - SRTM KW - MNDWI KW - OBIA KW - change detection Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-475037 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1037 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leimkühler, Silke A1 - Bühning, Martin A1 - Beilschmidt, Lena T1 - Shared sulfur mobilization routes for tRNA thiolation and molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Modifications of transfer RNA (tRNA) have been shown to play critical roles in the biogenesis, metabolism, structural stability and function of RNA molecules, and the specific modifications of nucleobases with sulfur atoms in tRNA are present in pro- and eukaryotes. Here, especially the thiomodifications xm(5)s(2)U at the wobble position 34 in tRNAs for Lys, Gln and Glu, were suggested to have an important role during the translation process by ensuring accurate deciphering of the genetic code and by stabilization of the tRNA structure. The trafficking and delivery of sulfur nucleosides is a complex process carried out by sulfur relay systems involving numerous proteins, which not only deliver sulfur to the specific tRNAs but also to other sulfur-containing molecules including iron-sulfur clusters, thiamin, biotin, lipoic acid and molybdopterin (MPT). Among the biosynthesis of these sulfur-containing molecules, the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) and the synthesis of thio-modified tRNAs in particular show a surprising link by sharing protein components for sulfur mobilization in pro- and eukaryotes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1015 KW - tRNA KW - molybdenum cofactor KW - persulfide KW - thiocarboxylate KW - thionucleosides KW - sulfurtransferase KW - l-cysteine desulfurase Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-475011 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Milewski, Robert A1 - Chabrillat, Sabine A1 - Behling, Robert T1 - Analyses of Recent Sediment Surface Dynamic of a Namibian Kalahari Salt Pan Based on Multitemporal Landsat and Hyperspectral Hyperion Data T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This study combines spaceborne multitemporal and hyperspectral data to analyze the spatial distribution of surface evaporite minerals and changes in a semi-arid depositional environment associated with episodic flooding events, the Omongwa salt pan (Kalahari, Namibia). The dynamic of the surface crust is evaluated by a change-detection approach using the Iterative-reweighted Multivariate Alteration Detection (IR-MAD) based on the Landsat archive imagery from 1984 to 2015. The results show that the salt pan is a highly dynamic and heterogeneous landform. A change gradient is observed from very stable pan border to a highly dynamic central pan. On the basis of hyperspectral EO-1 Hyperion images, the current distribution of surface evaporite minerals is characterized using Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA). Assessment of field and image endmembers revealed that the pan surface can be categorized into three major crust types based on diagnostic absorption features and mineralogical ground truth data. The mineralogical crust types are related to different zones of surface change as well as pan morphology that influences brine flow during the pan inundation and desiccation cycles. These combined information are used to spatially map depositional environments where the more dynamic halite crust concentrates in lower areas although stable gypsum and calcite/sepiolite crusts appear in higher elevated areas. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 987 KW - salt pan KW - playa KW - hyperspectral KW - multitemporal KW - change detection KW - evaporite minerals Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-475642 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 987 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ribeiro Martins, Renata Filipa A1 - Fickel, Jörns A1 - Le, Minh A1 - Nguyen, Thanh van A1 - Nguyen, Ha M. A1 - Timmins, Robert A1 - Gan, Han Ming A1 - Rovie-Ryan, Jeffrine J. A1 - Lenz, Dorina A1 - Förster, Daniel W. A1 - Wilting, Andreas T1 - Phylogeography of red muntjacs reveals three distinct mitochondrial lineages T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background The members of the genus Muntiacus are of particular interest to evolutionary biologists due to their extreme chromosomal rearrangements and the ongoing discussions about the number of living species. Red muntjacs have the largest distribution of all muntjacs and were formerly considered as one species. Karyotype differences led to the provisional split between the Southern Red Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) and the Northern Red Muntjac (M. vaginalis), but uncertainties remain as, so far, no phylogenetic study has been conducted. Here, we analysed whole mitochondrial genomes of 59 archival and 16 contemporaneous samples to resolve uncertainties about their taxonomy and used red muntjacs as model for understanding the evolutionary history of other species in Southeast Asia. Results We found three distinct matrilineal groups of red muntjacs: Sri Lankan red muntjacs (including the Western Ghats) diverged first from other muntjacs about 1.5 Mya; later northern red muntjacs (including North India and Indochina) and southern red muntjacs (Sundaland) split around 1.12 Mya. The diversification of red muntjacs into these three main lineages was likely promoted by two Pleistocene barriers: one through the Indian subcontinent and one separating the Indochinese and Sundaic red muntjacs. Interestingly, we found a high level of gene flow within the populations of northern and southern red muntjacs, indicating gene flow between populations in Indochina and dispersal of red muntjacs over the exposed Sunda Shelf during the Last Glacial Maximum. Conclusions Our results provide new insights into the evolution of species in South and Southeast Asia as we found clear genetic differentiation in a widespread and generalist species, corresponding to two known biogeographical barriers: The Isthmus of Kra and the central Indian dry zone. In addition, our molecular data support either the delineation of three monotypic species or three subspecies, but more importantly these data highlight the conservation importance of the Sri Lankan/South Indian red muntjac. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 973 KW - phylogeography KW - archival DNA KW - Muntjac KW - Southeast Asia KW - species complex Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-430780 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 973 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sadovnichii, V. A. A1 - Panasyuk, M. I. A1 - Amelyushkin, A. M. A1 - Benghin, V. V. A1 - Garipov, G. K. A1 - Kalegaev, V. V. A1 - Klimov, P. A. A1 - Khrenov, B. A. A1 - Petrov, V. L. A1 - Sharakin, S. A. A1 - Shirokov, A. V. A1 - Svertilov, S. I. A1 - Zotov, M. Y. A1 - Yashin, I. V. A1 - Gorbovskoy, E. S. A1 - Lipunov, V. M. A1 - Park, I. H. A1 - Lee, J. A1 - Jeong, S. A1 - Kim, M. B. A1 - Jeong, H. M. A1 - Shprits, Yuri Y. A1 - Angelopoulos, V. A1 - Russell, C. T. A1 - Runov, A. A1 - Turner, D. A1 - Strangeway, R. J. A1 - Caron, R. A1 - Biktemerova, S. A1 - Grinyuk, A. A1 - Lavrova, M. A1 - Tkachev, L. A1 - Tkachenko, A. A1 - Martinez, O. A1 - Salazar, H. A1 - Ponce, E. T1 - "Lomonosov" satellite-space observatory to study extreme phenomena in space T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The "Lomonosov" space project is lead by Lomonosov Moscow State University in collaboration with the following key partners: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Russia, University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of Pueblo (Mexico), Sungkyunkwan University (Republic of Korea) and with Russian space industry organi-zations to study some of extreme phenomena in space related to astrophysics, astroparticle physics, space physics, and space biology. The primary goals of this experiment are to study: -Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) in the energy range of the Greizen-ZatsepinKuzmin (GZK) cutoff; -Ultraviolet (UV) transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere; -Multi-wavelength study of gamma-ray bursts in visible, UV, gamma, and X-rays; -Energetic trapped and precipitated radiation (electrons and protons) at low-Earth orbit (LEO) in connection with global geomagnetic disturbances; -Multicomponent radiation doses along the orbit of spacecraft under different geomagnetic conditions and testing of space segments of optical observations of space-debris and other space objects; -Instrumental vestibular-sensor conflict of zero-gravity phenomena during space flight. This paper is directed towards the general description of both scientific goals of the project and scientific equipment on board the satellite. The following papers of this issue are devoted to detailed descriptions of scientific instruments. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 959 KW - gamma-ray bursts KW - ultra-high energy cosmic rays KW - radiation belts KW - space mission Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-428185 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 959 SP - 1705 EP - 1738 ER -