TY  - JOUR
A1  - Niesta Kayser, Daniela
A1  - Graupmann, Verena
A1  - Fryer, James W.
A1  - Frey, Dieter
T1  - Threat to Freedom and the Detrimental Effect of Avoidance Goal Frames
BT  - Reactance as a Mediating Variable
JF  - Frontiers in psychology
N2  - Two experiments examined how individuals respond to a restriction presented within an approach versus an avoidance frame. In Study 1, working on a problem-solving task, participants were initially free to choose their strategy, but for a second task were told to change their strategy. The message to change was embedded in either an approach or avoidance frame. When confronted with an avoidance compared to an approach frame, the participants’ reactance toward the request was greater and, in turn, led to impaired performance. The role of reactance as a response to threat to freedom was explicitly examined in Study 2, in which participants evaluated a potential change in policy affecting their program of study herein explicitly varying whether a restriction was present or absent and whether the message was embedded in an approach versus avoidance frame. When communicated with an avoidance frame and as a restriction, participants showed the highest resistance in terms of reactance, message agreement and evaluation of the communicator. The difference in agreement with the change was mediated by reactance only when a restriction was present. Overall, avoidance goal frames were associated with more resistance to change on different levels of experience (reactance, performance, and person perception). Reactance mediated the effect of goal frame on other outcomes only when a restriction was present.
KW  - freedom restriction
KW  - goal frames
KW  - avoidance
KW  - approach
KW  - reactance
KW  - self threat
KW  - change
Y1  - 2016
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00632
SN  - 1664-1078
VL  - 7
PB  - Frontiers Research Foundation
CY  - Lausanne
ER  - 
TY  - GEN
A1  - Niesta Kayser, Daniela
A1  - Graupmann, Verena
A1  - Fryer, James W.
A1  - Frey, Dieter
T1  - Threat to Freedom and the Detrimental Effect of Avoidance Goal Frames
BT  - Reactance as a Mediating Variable
N2  - Two experiments examined how individuals respond to a restriction presented within an approach versus an avoidance frame. In Study 1, working on a problem-solving task, participants were initially free to choose their strategy, but for a second task were told to change their strategy. The message to change was embedded in either an approach or avoidance frame. When confronted with an avoidance compared to an approach frame, the participants’ reactance toward the request was greater and, in turn, led to impaired performance. The role of reactance as a response to threat to freedom was explicitly examined in Study 2, in which participants evaluated a potential change in policy affecting their program of study herein explicitly varying whether a restriction was present or absent and whether the message was embedded in an approach versus avoidance frame. When communicated with an avoidance frame and as a restriction, participants showed the highest resistance in terms of reactance, message agreement and evaluation of the communicator. The difference in agreement with the change was mediated by reactance only when a restriction was present. Overall, avoidance goal frames were associated with more resistance to change on different levels of experience (reactance, performance, and person perception). Reactance mediated the effect of goal frame on other outcomes only when a restriction was present.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 292 
KW  - approach
KW  - avoidance
KW  - change
KW  - freedom restriction
KW  - goal frames
KW  - reactance
KW  - self threat
Y1  - 2016
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-91510
ER  -