TY - JOUR A1 - Stuckas, Heiko A1 - Stoof, Kathleen A1 - Quesada, Humberto A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Evolutionary implications of discordant clines across the Baltic Mytilus hybrid zone (Mytilus edulis and Mytilus trossulus) N2 - It is well established that reproductive isolation often arises from genome incompatibilities and that genes encoding reproductive traits are less prone to introgression. Hybrid zones of Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus edulis provide an intriguing model to assess reproductive isolation. Although gene flow is restricted in North America, introgression is pervasive in the Baltic. This study aimed at analyzing the shape of multilocus clines across the Baltic contact zone between M. edulis and M. trossulus to infer mechanisms of restriction to gene flow. We use maximum likelihood methods to construct the best fitting individual clines for five markers located on biparentally inherited autosomes and paternally and maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Strong cline shape differences among markers suggest that reproductive isolation arising from genome-wide incompatibilities is weak, and that these discrepancies possibly result from genetic drift, hybrid zone movement or marker-specific selection. However, the finding of a common cline center for M7 lysin (involved in fertilization) and paternally transmitted mtDNA (causing nuclear-mitochondrial incompatibilities in hybrids) suggest that these loci may play a role in incomplete reproductive isolation. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.nature.com/hdy/archive/index.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/Hdy.2009.37 SN - 0018-067X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stuckas, Heiko A1 - Messerschmidt, Katrin A1 - Putzler, Sascha A1 - Baumann, Otto A1 - Schenk, Jörg A. A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Micheel, Burkhard T1 - Detection and characterization of gamete-specific molecules in Mytilus edulis using selective antibody production N2 - The mussel Mytilus edulis can be used as model to study the molecular basis of reproductive isolation because this species maintains its species integrity, despite of hybridizing in zones of contact with the closely related species M. trossulus or M. galloprovincialis. This study uses selective antibody production by means of hybridoma technology to identify molecules which are involved in sperm function of M. edulis. Fragmented sperm were injected into mice and 25 hybridoma cell clones were established to obtain monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Five clones were identified producing mAb targeting molecules putatively involved in sperm function based on enzyme immunoassays, dot and Western blotting as well as immunostaining of tissue sections. Specific localization of these mAb targets on sperm and partly also in somatic tissue suggests that all five antibodies bind to different molecules. The targets of the mAb obtained from clone G26-AG8 were identified using mass spectrometry (nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS) as M6 and M7 lysin. These acrosomal proteins have egg vitelline lyses function and are highly similar (76%) which explains the cross reactivity of mAb G26- AG8. Furthermore, M7 lysin was recently shown to be under strong positive selection suggesting a role in interspecific reproductive isolation. This study shows that M6 and M7 lysin are not only found in the sperm acrosome but also in male somatic tissue of the mantle and the posterior adductor muscle, while being completely absent in females. The monoclonal antibody G26-AG8 described here will allow elucidating M7/M6 lysin function in somatic and gonad tissue of adult and developing animals. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/37692 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/Mrd.20916 SN - 1040-452X ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stuckas, H A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Eight new microsatellite loci for the critically endangered fire-bellied toad Bombina bombina and their cross- species applicability among anurans N2 - We describe eight new microsatellite loci for the critically endangered fire-bellied toad, Bombina bombina. Seven of them are polymorphic with two to seven alleles per locus, an expected heterozygosity between 0.41 and 0.8, and an observed heterozygosity between 0.27 and 0.7. The yield of new loci was relatively low, presumably due to mildly repetitive sequence motifs in microsatellite flanking regions. As typical for anurans, cross-species amplification was limited (here, to congeners Bombina orientalis and Bombina variegata). Combining these new loci with those already available provides a reasonable number of loci for population studies and pedigree analysis in Bombina Y1 - 2006 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01171.x/pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01171.x ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Struck, Torsten H. A1 - Paul, Christiane A1 - Hill, Natascha A1 - Hartmann, Stefanie A1 - Hoesel, Christoph A1 - Kube, Michael A1 - Lieb, Bernhard A1 - Meyer, Achim A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Purschke, Guenter A1 - Bleidorn, Christoph T1 - Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution JF - Nature : the international weekly journal of science N2 - Annelida, the ringed worms, is a highly diverse animal phylum that includes more than 15,000 described species and constitutes the dominant benthic macrofauna from the intertidal zone down to the deep sea. A robust annelid phylogeny would shape our understanding of animal body-plan evolution and shed light on the bilaterian ground pattern. Traditionally, Annelida has been split into two major groups: Clitellata (earthworms and leeches) and polychaetes (bristle worms), but recent evidence suggests that other taxa that were once considered to be separate phyla (Sipuncula, Echiura and Siboglinidae (also known as Pogonophora)) should be included in Annelida(1-4). However, the deep-level evolutionary relationships of Annelida are still poorly understood, and a robust reconstruction of annelid evolutionary history is needed. Here we show that phylogenomic analyses of 34 annelid taxa, using 47,953 amino acid positions, recovered a well-supported phylogeny with strong support for major splits. Our results recover chaetopterids, myzostomids and sipunculids in the basal part of the tree, although the position of Myzostomida remains uncertain owing to its long branch. The remaining taxa are split into two clades: Errantia (which includes the model annelid Platynereis), and Sedentaria (which includes Clitellata). Ancestral character trait reconstructions indicate that these clades show adaptation to either an errant or a sedentary lifestyle, with alteration of accompanying morphological traits such as peristaltic movement, parapodia and sensory perception. Finally, life history characters in Annelida seem to be phylogenetically informative. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09864 SN - 0028-0836 VL - 471 IS - 7336 SP - 95 EP - U113 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen Rosemarie A1 - Junginger, Annett A1 - Olaka, Lydia A. A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Trauth, Martin H. T1 - Environmental variability in Lake Naivasha, Kenya, over the last two centuries JF - Journal of paleolimnolog N2 - Lake Naivasha, Kenya, is one of a number of freshwater lakes in the East African Rift System. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, it has experienced greater anthropogenic influence as a result of increasingly intensive farming of coffee, tea, flowers, and other horticultural crops within its catchment. The water-level history of Lake Naivasha over the past 200 years was derived from a combination of instrumental records and sediment data. In this study, we analysed diatoms in a lake sediment core to infer past lacustrine conductivity and total phosphorus concentrations. We also measured total nitrogen and carbon concentrations in the sediments. Core chronology was established by (210)Pb dating and covered a similar to 186-year history of natural (climatic) and human-induced environmental changes. Three stratigraphic zones in the core were identified using diatom assemblages. There was a change from littoral/epiphytic diatoms such as Gomphonema gracile and Cymbella muelleri, which occurred during a prolonged dry period from ca. 1820 to 1896 AD, through a transition period, to the present planktonic Aulacoseira sp. that favors nutrient-rich waters. This marked change in the diatom assemblage was caused by climate change, and later a strong anthropogenic overprint on the lake system. Increases in sediment accumulation rates since 1928, from 0.01 to 0.08 g cm(-2) year(-1) correlate with an increase in diatom-inferred total phosphorus concentrations since the beginning of the twentieth century. The increase in phosphorus accumulation suggests increasing eutrophication of freshwater Lake Naivasha. This study identified two major periods in the lake's history: (1) the period from 1820 to 1950 AD, during which the lake was affected mainly by natural climate variations, and (2) the period since 1950, during which the effects of anthropogenic activity overprinted those of natural climate variation. KW - Lake sediments KW - Diatoms KW - Conductivity KW - Lake Naivasha KW - Human impact KW - Eutrophication Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-011-9502-4 SN - 0921-2728 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 353 EP - 367 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen Rosemarie A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna A1 - Klemm, Juliane A1 - Epp, Laura Saskia A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Genetic data from algae sedimentary DNA reflect the influence of environment over geography JF - Scientific reports N2 - Genetic investigations on eukaryotic plankton confirmed the existence of modern biogeographic patterns, but analyses of palaeoecological data exploring the temporal variability of these patterns have rarely been presented. Ancient sedimentary DNA proved suitable for investigations of past assemblage turnover in the course of environmental change, but genetic relatedness of the identified lineages has not yet been undertaken. Here, we investigate the relatedness of diatom lineages in Siberian lakes along environmental gradients (i.e. across treeline transects), over geographic distance and through time (i.e. the last 7000 years) using modern and ancient sedimentary DNA. Our results indicate that closely-related Staurosira lineages occur in similar environments and less-related lineages in dissimilar environments, in our case different vegetation and co-varying climatic and limnic variables across treeline transects. Thus our study reveals that environmental conditions rather than geographic distance is reflected by diatom-relatedness patterns in space and time. We tentatively speculate that the detected relatedness pattern in Staurosira across the treeline could be a result of adaptation to diverse environmental conditions across the arctic boreal treeline, however, a geographically-driven divergence and subsequent repopulation of ecologically different habitats might also be a potential explanation for the observed pattern. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep12924 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 5 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen Rosemarie A1 - Epp, Laura Saskia A1 - Trauth, Martin H. A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Hidden diversity in diatoms of Kenyan Lake Naivasha a genetic approach detects temporal variation JF - Molecular ecology N2 - This study provides insights into the morphological and genetic diversity in diatoms occurring in core sediments from tropical lakes in Kenya. We developed a genetic survey technique specific for diatoms utilizing a short region (7667 bp) of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene as genetic barcode. Our analyses (i) validated the use of rbcL as a barcoding marker for diatoms, applied to sediment samples, (ii) showed a significant correlation between the results obtained by morphological and molecular data and (iii) indicated temporal variation in diatom assemblages on the inter- and intra-specific level. Diatom assemblages from a short core from Lake Naivasha show a drastic shift over the last 200 years, as littoral species (e.g. Navicula) are replaced by more planktonic ones (e.g. Aulacoseira). Within that same period, we detected periodic changes in the respective frequencies of distinct haplotype groups of Navicula, which coincide with wet and dry periods of Lake Naivasha between 1820 and 1938 AD. Our genetic analyses on historical lake sediments revealed inter- and intra-specific variation in diatoms, which is partially hidden behind single morphotypes. The occurrence of particular genetic lineages is probably correlated with environmental factors. KW - diatoms KW - DNA barcoding KW - historical DNA KW - intra-specific variation KW - rbcL KW - tropical lake sediments Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05412.x SN - 0962-1083 VL - 21 IS - 8 SP - 1918 EP - 1930 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Malden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stoof-Leichsenring, Kathleen Rosemarie A1 - Bernhardt, Nadine A1 - Pestryakova, Luidmila Agafyevna A1 - Epp, Laura Saskia A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - A combined paleolimnological/genetic analysis of diatoms reveals divergent evolutionary lineages of Staurosira and Staurosirella (Bacillariophyta) in Siberian lake sediments along a latitudinal transect JF - Journal of paleolimnolog N2 - Diatom diversity in lakes of northwest Yakutia (Siberia) was investigated by microscopic and genetic analysis of surface and cored lake sediments, to evaluate the use of sedimentary DNA for paleolimnological diatom studies and to identify obscure genetic diversity that cannot be detected by microscopic methods. Two short (76 and 73 bp) and one longer (577 bp) fragments of the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) gene, encoding the large subunit of the rbcL, were used as genetic markers. Diverse morphological assemblages of diatoms, dominated by small benthic fragilarioid taxa, were retrieved from the sediments of each lake. These minute fragilarioid taxa were examined by scanning electron microscopy, revealing diverse morphotypes in Staurosira and Staurosirella from the different lakes. Genetic analyses indicated a dominance of haplotypes that were assigned to fragilarioid taxa and less genetic diversity in other diatom taxa. The long rbcL_577 amplicon identified considerable diversification among haplotypes clustering within the Staurosira/Staurosirella genera, revealing 19 different haplotypes whose spatial distribution appears to be primarily related to the latitude of the lakes, which corresponds to a vegetation and climate gradient. Our rbcL markers are valuable tools for tracking differences between diatom lineages that are not visible in their morphologies. These markers revealed putatively high genetic diversity within the Staurosira/Staurosirella species complex, at a finer scale than is possible to resolve by microscopic determination. The rbcL markers may provide additional reliable information on the diversity of barely distinguishable minute benthic fragilarioids. Environmental sequencing may thus allow the tracking of spatial and temporal diversification in Siberian lakes, especially in the context of diatom responses to recent environmental changes, which remains a matter of controversy. KW - Arctic lake sediments KW - Diatoms KW - Environmental DNA KW - Intraspecific variation KW - RbcL Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-014-9779-1 SN - 0921-2728 SN - 1573-0417 VL - 52 IS - 1-2 SP - 77 EP - 93 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stiegler, Jonas A1 - Kiemel, Katrin A1 - Eccard, Jana A1 - Fischer, Christina A1 - Hering, Robert A1 - Ortmann, Sylvia A1 - Strigl, Lea A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Ullmann, Wiebke A1 - Blaum, Niels T1 - Seed traits matter BT - endozoochoric dispersal through a pervasive mobile linker JF - Ecology and evolution N2 - Although many plants are dispersed by wind and seeds can travel long distances across unsuitable matrix areas, a large proportion relies on co-evolved zoochorous seed dispersal to connect populations in isolated habitat islands. Particularly in agricultural landscapes, where remaining habitat patches are often very small and highly isolated, mobile linkers as zoochorous seed dispersers are critical for the population dynamics of numerous plant species. However, knowledge about the quali- or quantification of such mobile link processes, especially in agricultural landscapes, is still limited. In a controlled feeding experiment, we recorded the seed intake and germination success after complete digestion by the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) and explored its mobile link potential as an endozoochoric seed disperser. Utilizing a suite of common, rare, and potentially invasive plant species, we disentangled the effects of seed morphological traits on germination success while controlling for phylogenetic relatedness. Further, we measured the landscape connectivity via hares in two contrasting agricultural landscapes (simple: few natural and semi-natural structures, large fields; complex: high amount of natural and semi-natural structures, small fields) using GPS-based movement data. With 34,710 seeds of 44 plant species fed, one of 200 seeds (0.51%) with seedlings of 33 species germinated from feces. Germination after complete digestion was positively related to denser seeds with comparatively small surface area and a relatively slender and elongated shape, suggesting that, for hares, the most critical seed characteristics for successful endozoochorous seed dispersal minimize exposure of the seed to the stomach and the associated digestive system. Furthermore, we could show that a hare's retention time is long enough to interconnect different habitats, especially grasslands and fields. Thus, besides other seed dispersal mechanisms, this most likely allows hares to act as effective mobile linkers contributing to ecosystem stability in times of agricultural intensification, not only in complex but also in simple landscapes. KW - agricultural landscapes KW - endozoochory KW - Lepus europaeus KW - mobile links KW - seed dispersal KW - seed dispersal syndrome Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8440 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 11 IS - 24 SP - 18477 EP - 18491 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stiegler, Jonas A1 - Kiemel, Katrin A1 - Eccard, Jana A1 - Fischer, Christina A1 - Hering, Robert A1 - Ortmann, Sylvia A1 - Strigl, Lea A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Seed traits matter BT - Endozoochoric dispersal through a pervasive mobile linker JF - Ecology and Evolution N2 - Although many plants are dispersed by wind and seeds can travel long distances across unsuitable matrix areas, a large proportion relies on co-evolved zoochorous seed dispersal to connect populations in isolated habitat islands. Particularly in agricultural landscapes, where remaining habitat patches are often very small and highly isolated, mobile linkers as zoochorous seed dispersers are critical for the population dynamics of numerous plant species. However, knowledge about the quali- or quantification of such mobile link processes, especially in agricultural landscapes, is still limited. In a controlled feeding experiment, we recorded the seed intake and germination success after complete digestion by the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) and explored its mobile link potential as an endozoochoric seed disperser. Utilizing a suite of common, rare, and potentially invasive plant species, we disentangled the effects of seed morphological traits on germination success while controlling for phylogenetic relatedness. Further, we measured the landscape connectivity via hares in two contrasting agricultural landscapes (simple: few natural and semi-natural structures, large fields; complex: high amount of natural and semi-natural structures, small fields) using GPS-based movement data. With 34,710 seeds of 44 plant species fed, one of 200 seeds (0.51%) with seedlings of 33 species germinated from feces. Germination after complete digestion was positively related to denser seeds with comparatively small surface area and a relatively slender and elongated shape, suggesting that, for hares, the most critical seed characteristics for successful endozoochorous seed dispersal minimize exposure of the seed to the stomach and the associated digestive system. Furthermore, we could show that a hare's retention time is long enough to interconnect different habitats, especially grasslands and fields. Thus, besides other seed dispersal mechanisms, this most likely allows hares to act as effective mobile linkers contributing to ecosystem stability in times of agricultural intensification, not only in complex but also in simple landscapes. KW - agricultural landscapes KW - endozoochory KW - Lepus europaeus KW - mobile links KW - seed dispersal KW - seed dispersal syndrome Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8440 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 11 IS - 24 SP - 18477 EP - 18491 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stiegler, Jonas A1 - Kiemel, Katrin A1 - Eccard, Jana A1 - Fischer, Christina A1 - Hering, Robert A1 - Ortmann, Sylvia A1 - Strigl, Lea A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Seed traits matter BT - Endozoochoric dispersal through a pervasive mobile linker T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Although many plants are dispersed by wind and seeds can travel long distances across unsuitable matrix areas, a large proportion relies on co-evolved zoochorous seed dispersal to connect populations in isolated habitat islands. Particularly in agricultural landscapes, where remaining habitat patches are often very small and highly isolated, mobile linkers as zoochorous seed dispersers are critical for the population dynamics of numerous plant species. However, knowledge about the quali- or quantification of such mobile link processes, especially in agricultural landscapes, is still limited. In a controlled feeding experiment, we recorded the seed intake and germination success after complete digestion by the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) and explored its mobile link potential as an endozoochoric seed disperser. Utilizing a suite of common, rare, and potentially invasive plant species, we disentangled the effects of seed morphological traits on germination success while controlling for phylogenetic relatedness. Further, we measured the landscape connectivity via hares in two contrasting agricultural landscapes (simple: few natural and semi-natural structures, large fields; complex: high amount of natural and semi-natural structures, small fields) using GPS-based movement data. With 34,710 seeds of 44 plant species fed, one of 200 seeds (0.51%) with seedlings of 33 species germinated from feces. Germination after complete digestion was positively related to denser seeds with comparatively small surface area and a relatively slender and elongated shape, suggesting that, for hares, the most critical seed characteristics for successful endozoochorous seed dispersal minimize exposure of the seed to the stomach and the associated digestive system. Furthermore, we could show that a hare's retention time is long enough to interconnect different habitats, especially grasslands and fields. Thus, besides other seed dispersal mechanisms, this most likely allows hares to act as effective mobile linkers contributing to ecosystem stability in times of agricultural intensification, not only in complex but also in simple landscapes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1229 KW - agricultural landscapes KW - endozoochory KW - Lepus europaeus KW - mobile links KW - seed dispersal KW - seed dispersal syndrome Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-544265 SN - 1866-8372 SP - 18477 EP - 18491 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spikes, Montrai A1 - Rodríguez-Silva, Rodet A1 - Bennett, Kerri-Ann A1 - Bräger, Stefan A1 - Josaphat, James A1 - Torres-Pineda, Patricia A1 - Ernst, Anja A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Schlupp, Ingo A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - A phylogeny of the genus Limia (Teleostei: Poeciliidae) suggests a single-lake radiation nested in a Caribbean-wide allopatric speciation scenario JF - BMC Research Notes N2 - Objective The Caribbean is an important global biodiversity hotspot. Adaptive radiations there lead to many speciation events within a limited period and hence are particularly prominent biodiversity generators. A prime example are freshwater fish of the genus Limia, endemic to the Greater Antilles. Within Hispaniola, nine species have been described from a single isolated site, Lake Miragoâne, pointing towards extraordinary sympatric speciation. This study examines the evolutionary history of the Limia species in Lake Miragoâne, relative to their congeners throughout the Caribbean. Results For 12 Limia species, we obtained almost complete sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, a well-established marker for lower-level taxonomic relationships. We included sequences of six further Limia species from GenBank (total N  = 18 species). Our phylogenies are in concordance with other published phylogenies of Limia. There is strong support that the species found in Lake Miragoâne in Haiti are monophyletic, confirming a recent local radiation. Within Lake Miragoâne, speciation is likely extremely recent, leading to incomplete lineage sorting in the mtDNA. Future studies using multiple unlinked genetic markers are needed to disentangle the relationships within the Lake Miragoâne clade. KW - Cytochrome b KW - Island biogeography KW - Fresh water fish KW - Phylogeny Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-021-05843-x SN - 1756-0500 VL - 14 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - BMC Research Notes / Biomed Central CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spikes, Montrai A1 - Rodríguez-Silva, Rodet A1 - Bennett, Kerri-Ann A1 - Bräger, Stefan A1 - Josaphat, James A1 - Torres-Pineda, Patricia A1 - Ernst, Anja A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Schlupp, Ingo A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - A phylogeny of the genus Limia (Teleostei: Poeciliidae) suggests a single-lake radiation nested in a Caribbean-wide allopatric speciation scenario T2 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Objective The Caribbean is an important global biodiversity hotspot. Adaptive radiations there lead to many speciation events within a limited period and hence are particularly prominent biodiversity generators. A prime example are freshwater fish of the genus Limia, endemic to the Greater Antilles. Within Hispaniola, nine species have been described from a single isolated site, Lake Miragoâne, pointing towards extraordinary sympatric speciation. This study examines the evolutionary history of the Limia species in Lake Miragoâne, relative to their congeners throughout the Caribbean. Results For 12 Limia species, we obtained almost complete sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, a well-established marker for lower-level taxonomic relationships. We included sequences of six further Limia species from GenBank (total N  = 18 species). Our phylogenies are in concordance with other published phylogenies of Limia. There is strong support that the species found in Lake Miragoâne in Haiti are monophyletic, confirming a recent local radiation. Within Lake Miragoâne, speciation is likely extremely recent, leading to incomplete lineage sorting in the mtDNA. Future studies using multiple unlinked genetic markers are needed to disentangle the relationships within the Lake Miragoâne clade. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1238 KW - Cytochrome b KW - Island biogeography KW - Fresh water fish KW - Phylogeny Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-548882 SN - 1866-8372 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Silva-Iturriza, Adriana A1 - Ketmaier, Valerio A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Mitochondrial DNA suggests multiple colonizations of central Philippine islands (Boracay, Negros) by the sedentary Philippine bulbul Hypsipetes philippinus guimarasensis (Aves) N2 - In this study, we have used fragments of three mitochondrial genes (Control Region, CR; transfer RNA for methionine, tRNA-Met; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2, ND2 for a total of 1066 bp) to reconstruct the phylogeographic history of the endemic Philippine bulbul (Hypsipetes philippinus) at the scale of the central area of the Philippine archipelago. The study includes two of the five recognized subspecies (guimarasensis and mindorensis), 7 populations and 58 individuals. Multiple phylogenetic and network analyses support the existence of two reciprocally monophyletic maternal lineages corresponding to the two named subspecies. Molecular clock estimates indicate that the split between the two subspecies is consistent with the Pleistocene geological history of the archipelago. Patterns of relationships within guimarasensis are biogeographically less clear. Here, a combination of vicariance and dispersal needs to be invoked to reconcile the molecular data with the geographical origin of samples. In particular, the two islands Boracay and Negros host mitochondrial lineages that do not form monophyletic clusters. Our genetic data suggest multiple independent colonization events for these locations. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/issn?DESCRIPTOR=PRINTISSN&VALUE=0947-5745 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.2010.00566.x SN - 0947-5745 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Silva-Iturriza, Adriana A1 - Ketmaier, Valerio A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Profound population structure in the Philippine Bulbul Hypsipetes philippinus (Pycnonotidae, Ayes) is not reflected in its Haemoproteus haemosporidian parasite JF - Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics and infectious diseases (MEEGID) N2 - In this study we used molecular markers to screen for the occurrence and prevalence of the three most common haemosporidian genera (Haemoproteus, Plasmodium, and Leucocytozoon) in blood samples of the Philippine Bulbul (Hypsipetes philippinus), a thrush-size passerine bird endemic to the Philippine Archipelago. We then used molecular data to ask whether the phylogeographic patterns in this insular host-parasite system might follow similar evolutionary trajectories or not. We took advantage of a previous study describing the pattern of genetic structuring in the Philippine Bulbul across the Central Philippine Archipelago (6 islands, 7 populations and 58 individuals; three mitochondrial DNA genes). The very same birds were here screened for the occurrence of parasites by species-specific PCR assays of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (471 base pairs). Twenty-eight out of the 58 analysed birds had Haemoproteus (48%) infections while just 2% of the birds were infected with either Leucocytozoon or Plasmodium. Sixteen of the 28 birds carrying Haemoproteus had multiple infections. The phylogeography of the Philippine Bulbul mostly reflects the geographical origin of samples and it is consistent with the occurrence of two different subspecies on (1) Semirara and (2) Carabao, Boracay, North Gigante, Panay, and Negros, respectively. Haemoproteus phylogeography shows very little geographical structure, suggesting extensive gene flow among locations. While movements of birds among islands seem very sporadic, we found co-occurring evolutionary divergent parasite lineages. We conclude that historical processes have played a major role in shaping the host phylogeography, while they have left no signature in that of the parasites. Here ongoing population processes, possibly multiple reinvasions mediated by other hosts, are predominant. KW - Haemoproteus KW - Hypsipetes philippinus KW - Comparative phylogeography KW - mtDNA Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2011.10.024 SN - 1567-1348 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 127 EP - 136 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sharma, Reeta A1 - Stuckas, Heiko A1 - Bhaskar, Ranjana A1 - Rajput, Sandeep A1 - Khan, Imran A1 - Goyal, Surendra Prakash A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - mtDNA indicates profound population structure in Indian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) N2 - We analyzed mtDNA polymorphisms (parts of control region, ND5, ND2, Cytb, 12S, together 902 bp) in 59 scat and 18 tissue samples from 13 Indian populations of the critically endangered Indian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), along with zoo animals as reference. Northern tiger populations exhibit two unique haplotypes suggesting genetic isolation. Western populations from Sariska (extinct in 2004) and Ranthambore are genetically similar, such that Ranthambore could serve as a source for reintroduction in Sariska. Zoo populations maintain mitochondrial lineages that are rare or absent in the wild. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/105709 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-008-9568-3 SN - 1566-0621 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sharma, Reeta A1 - Stuckas, Heiko A1 - Bhaskar, Ranjana A1 - Khan, Imran A1 - Goyal, Surendra Prakash A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Genetically distinct population of Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) in Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) of India JF - Mammalian biology = Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde N2 - We analyzed mtDNA polymorphisms (a total of 741 bp from a part of conserved control region, ND5, ND2, Cyt b and 12S) in 91 scats and 12 tissue samples of Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) populations across Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) located at the foothills of Himalayas in North Western India, Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR), and North East India. In TAL and BTR, we found a specific haplotype at high frequency, which was absent elsewhere, indicating a genetically distinct population in these regions. Within the TAL region, there is some evidence for genetic isolation of the tiger populations west of river Ganges, i.e., in the western part of Rajaji National Park (RNP). Although the river itself might not constitute a significant barrier for tigers, recent human-induced changes in habitat and degradation of the Motichur-Chilla Corridor connecting the two sides of the tiger habitat of RNP might effectively prevent genetic exchange. A cohesive population is observed for the rest of the TAL. Even the more eastern BTR belongs genetically to this unit, despite the present lack of a migration corridor between BTR and TAL. In spite of a close geographic proximity, Chitwan (Nepal) constitutes a tiger population genetically different from TAL. Moreover, it is observed that the North East India tiger populations are genetically different from TAL and BTR, as well as from the other Bengal tiger populations in India. KW - Bengal tiger KW - Population genetics KW - mtDNA haplotype KW - Terai Arc Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2010.10.005 SN - 1616-5047 VL - 76 IS - 4 SP - 484 EP - 490 PB - Elsevier CY - Jena ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Senczuk, Gabriele A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Milana, Valentina A1 - Ripa, Chiara A1 - De Simone, Emanuela A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Castiglia, Riccardo T1 - Spotlight on islands BT - on the origin and diversification of an ancient lineage of the Italian wall lizard Podarcis siculus in the western Pontine Islands JF - Scientific reports N2 - Groups of proximate continental islands may conceal more tangled phylogeographic patterns than oceanic archipelagos as a consequence of repeated sea level changes, which allow populations to experience gene flow during periods of low sea level stands and isolation by vicariant mechanisms during periods of high sea level stands. Here, we describe for the first time an ancient and diverging lineage of the Italian wall lizard Podarcis siculus from the western Pontine Islands. We used nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences of 156 individuals with the aim of unraveling their phylogenetic position, while microsatellite loci were used to test several a priori insular biogeographic models of migration with empirical data. Our results suggest that the western Pontine populations colonized the islands early during their Pliocene volcanic formation, while populations from the eastern Pontine Islands seem to have been introduced recently. The inter-island genetic makeup indicates an important role of historical migration, probably due to glacial land bridges connecting islands followed by a recent vicariant mechanism of isolation. Moreover, the most supported migration model predicted higher gene flow among islands which are geographically arranged in parallel. Considering the threatened status of small insular endemic populations, we suggest this new evolutionarily independent unit be given priority in conservation efforts. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-33326-w SN - 2045-2322 VL - 8 PB - Nature Publ. Group CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Senczuk, Gabriele A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Milana, Valentina A1 - Ripa, Chiara A1 - De Simone, Emanuela A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Castiglia, Riccardo T1 - Spotlight on islands BT - on the origin and diversification of an ancient lineage of the Italian wall lizard Podarcis siculus in the western Pontine Islands T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Groups of proximate continental islands may conceal more tangled phylogeographic patterns than oceanic archipelagos as a consequence of repeated sea level changes, which allow populations to experience gene flow during periods of low sea level stands and isolation by vicariant mechanisms during periods of high sea level stands. Here, we describe for the first time an ancient and diverging lineage of the Italian wall lizard Podarcis siculus from the western Pontine Islands. We used nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences of 156 individuals with the aim of unraveling their phylogenetic position, while microsatellite loci were used to test several a priori insular biogeographic models of migration with empirical data. Our results suggest that the western Pontine populations colonized the islands early during their Pliocene volcanic formation, while populations from the eastern Pontine Islands seem to have been introduced recently. The inter-island genetic makeup indicates an important role of historical migration, probably due to glacial land bridges connecting islands followed by a recent vicariant mechanism of isolation. Moreover, the most supported migration model predicted higher gene flow among islands which are geographically arranged in parallel. Considering the threatened status of small insular endemic populations, we suggest this new evolutionarily independent unit be given priority in conservation efforts. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 991 KW - mitochondrial dna sequences KW - genetic diversity KW - haplotype reconstruction KW - evolutionary history KW - geological evolution KW - population structure KW - Tyrrhenian Sea KW - endemic lizard KW - genotype data KW - biogeography Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-446360 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 991 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarte, Sandra A1 - Wegner, Fanny A1 - Havenstein, Katja A1 - Groth, Detlef A1 - Steup, Martin A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Sequence variation, differential expression, and divergent evolution in starch-related genes among accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana JF - Plant molecular biology : an international journal of fundamental research and genetic engineering N2 - Transitory starch metabolism is a nonlinear and highly regulated process. It originated very early in the evolution of chloroplast-containing cells and is largely based on a mosaic of genes derived from either the eukaryotic host cell or the prokaryotic endosymbiont. Initially located in the cytoplasm, starch metabolism was rewired into plastids in Chloroplastida. Relocation was accompanied by gene duplications that occurred in most starch-related gene families and resulted in subfunctionalization of the respective gene products. Starch-related isozymes were then evolutionary conserved by constraints such as internal starch structure, posttranslational protein import into plastids and interactions with other starch-related proteins. 25 starch-related genes in 26 accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana were sequenced to assess intraspecific diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and modes of selection. Furthermore, sequences derived from additional 80 accessions that are publicly available were analyzed. Diversity varies significantly among the starch-related genes. Starch synthases and phosphorylases exhibit highest nucleotide diversities, while pyrophosphatases and debranching enzymes are most conserved. The gene trees are most compatible with a scenario of extensive recombination, perhaps in a Pleistocene refugium. Most genes are under purifying selection, but disruptive selection was inferred for a few genes/substitutiones. To study transcript levels, leaves were harvested throughout the light period. By quantifying the transcript levels and by analyzing the sequence of the respective accessions, we were able to estimate whether transcript levels are mainly determined by genetic (i.e., accession dependent) or physiological (i.e., time dependent) parameters. We also identified polymorphic sites that putatively affect pattern or the level of transcripts. KW - Arabidopsis thaliana KW - Divergent evolution KW - Intraspecific genetic variation KW - Positive selection KW - Starch metabolizing enzymes KW - Transcript levels Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-015-0293-2 SN - 0167-4412 SN - 1573-5028 VL - 87 IS - 4-5 SP - 489 EP - 519 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER -