TY - JOUR A1 - Weisse, Thomas A1 - Berendonk, Thomas U. A1 - Kamjunke, Norbert A1 - Moser, Michael A1 - Scheffel, U. A1 - Stadler, P. A1 - Weithoff, Guntram T1 - Significant habitat effects influence protist fitness evidence for local adaptation from acidic mining lakes JF - Ecosphere : the magazine of the International Ecology University N2 - It is currently controversially discussed if the same freshwater microorganisms occur worldwide wherever their required habitats are realized, i.e., without any adaptation to local conditions below the species level. We performed laboratory experiments with flagellates and ciliates from three acidic mining lakes (AML, pH similar to 2.7) to investigate if similar habitats may affect similar organisms differently. Such man-made lakes provide suitable ecosystem models to test for the significance of strong habitat selection. To this end, we analyzed the growth response of three protist taxa (three strains of the phytoflagellate Chlamydomonas acidophila, two isolates of the phytoflagellate Ochromonas and two species of the ciliate genus Oxytricha) by exposing them to lake water of their origin and from the two other AML in a cross-factorial design. Population growth rates were measured as a proxy for their fitness. Results revealed significant effects of strain, lake (= habitat), and strain X habitat interaction. In the environmentally most adverse AML, all three protist taxa were locally adapted. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that (1) the same habitat may affect strains of the same species differently and that (2) similar habitats may harbor ecophysiologically different strains or species. These results contradict the 'everything is everywhere' paradigm. KW - allopatric speciation KW - Chlamydomonas acidophila KW - ciliates KW - everything is everywhere KW - flagellates KW - freshwater microbes KW - habitat-species interaction KW - local adaptation KW - Ochromonas spp. KW - Oxytricha spp. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1890/ES11-00157.1 SN - 2150-8925 VL - 2 IS - 12 PB - Wiley CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Jan A1 - Laschewsky, André T1 - Temperature-induced self-assembly of triple-responsive triblock copolymers in aqueous solutions JF - Langmuir N2 - A series of triple-thermoresponsive triblock copolymers from poly(N-n-propylacrylamide) (PNPAM, A), poly(methoxydiethylene glycol acrylate) (PMDEGA, B), and poly(N-ethylacrylamide) (PNEAM, C) was synthesized by sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerizations. Polymers of differing block sequences, ABC, BAC, and ACB, with increasing phase transition temperatures in the order A < B < C were prepared. Their aggregation behavior in dilute aqueous solution was investigated using dynamic light scattering, turbidimetry, and NMR spectroscopy. The self-organization of such polymers was found to dependent strongly on the block sequence. While polymers with a terminal low-LCST (lower critical solution temperature) block undergo aggregation above the first phase transition temperature at 20-25 degrees C, triblock copolymers with the low-LCST block in the middle show aggregation only above the second phase transition. The collapse of the middle block is not sufficient to induce aggregation but produces instead stable, unimolecular micelles with a collapsed middle block, as supported by NMR and fluorescence probe data. Continued heating of all copolymers led to two additional thermal transitions at 40-55 and 70-80 degrees C, which could be correlated to the phase transitions of the B and C blocks, respectively. All polymers show a high tendency for cluster formation, once aggregation is induced. The carrier abilities of the triple responsive triblock copolymers for hydrophobic agents were probed with the solvatochromic fluorescence dye Nile Red. With passing through the first thermal transition, the block copolymers are capable of solubilizing Nile Red. In the case of block copolymers with sequences ABC or ACB, which bear the low-LCST block at one terminus, notable amounts of dye are solubilized already at this stage. In contrast, the hydrophobic probe is much less efficiently incorporated by the BAC triblock copolymer, which forms unimolecular micelles. Only after the collapse of the B block, when reaching the second phase transition at about 45 degrees C, does aggregation occur and solubilization becomes efficient. In the case of ABC and ACB polymers, the hydrophobic probe seems to partition between the originally collapsed A chains and the additional hydrophobic chains formed after the collapse of the less hydrophobic B block. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/la200115p SN - 0743-7463 VL - 27 IS - 8 SP - 4465 EP - 4473 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Jan A1 - Böttcher, Christoph A1 - Laschewsky, André T1 - Self-assembly of double thermoresponsive block copolymers end-capped with complementary trimethylsilyl groups JF - Soft matter N2 - A set of double thermoresponsive diblock copolymers poly(N-n-propylacrylamide)-block-poly(N-ethylacrylamide) (PNPAM-b-PNEAM) was synthesised by sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisations. Using a twofold trimethylsilyl (TMS)-labeled RAFT-agent, the relative size of the two blocks was varied. While soluble as unimers below 15 degrees C, all copolymers exhibited thermally induced two-step self-assembly in water, due to distinct lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase transitions of PNPAM (around 20 degrees C) and PNEAM (around 70 degrees C). Their temperature-dependent self-organisation in dilute aqueous solution was studied by turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The copolymers show distinct, two-step self-organisation behaviour with respect to transition temperatures, aggregate type and size, which can be correlated to the relative lengths of the low and high LCST blocks. For polymers having short blocks with low LCST, the first thermal transition induces the formation of individual micelles. Further heating above the second thermal transition results reversibly either in a shrink of the micelle size or in aggregation of the micelles, with hydrodynamic diameters below 250 nm. In contrast in the case of polymers having a long block with low LCST, the first thermal transition already leads to clusters of micelles, while the second thermal transition makes the clusters shrink. Noteworthy, the twofold TMS-labeled end groups report not only on the molar masses of the polymers, but can simultaneously serve as NMR-probes for the self-assembly process. The signal of the TMS-aryl end group displays a reversible temperature dependent, two-step splitting that is indicative of the self-organisation of the block copolymers. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c0sm00531b SN - 1744-683X VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 483 EP - 492 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Andrea Y. A1 - Huisinga, Wilhelm T1 - Error-controlled global sensitivity analysis of ordinary differential equations JF - Journal of computational physics N2 - We propose a novel strategy for global sensitivity analysis of ordinary differential equations. It is based on an error-controlled solution of the partial differential equation (PDE) that describes the evolution of the probability density function associated with the input uncertainty/variability. The density yields a more accurate estimate of the output uncertainty/variability, where not only some observables (such as mean and variance) but also structural properties (e.g., skewness, heavy tails, bi-modality) can be resolved up to a selected accuracy. For the adaptive solution of the PDE Cauchy problem we use the Rothe method with multiplicative error correction, which was originally developed for the solution of parabolic PDEs. We show that, unlike in parabolic problems, conservation properties necessitate a coupling of temporal and spatial accuracy to avoid accumulation of spatial approximation errors over time. We provide convergence conditions for the numerical scheme and suggest an implementation using approximate approximations for spatial discretization to efficiently resolve the coupling of temporal and spatial accuracy. The performance of the method is studied by means of low-dimensional case studies. The favorable properties of the spatial discretization technique suggest that this may be the starting point for an error-controlled sensitivity analysis in higher dimensions. KW - ODE with random initial conditions KW - Global sensitivity analysis KW - Cauchy problem KW - Error control/adaptivity KW - Rothe method KW - Approximate approximations Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2011.05.011 SN - 0021-9991 VL - 230 IS - 17 SP - 6824 EP - 6842 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weinz, Irene T1 - Die Mitwirkung der Zivilgesellschaft in den Vereinten Nationen BT - Das Konzept des Cardoso-Berichts JF - Die Vereinten Nationen vor globalen Herausforderungen : Referate der Potsdamer UNO-Konferenzen 2000–2008 N2 - Inhalt: - Einleitung - Der Status Quo: Die Mitarbeit von NGOs in der UNO - Der Bericht des Cardoso-Panels - Kritikpunkte - Ausblick - Fazit - Literatur Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-60934 SP - 31 EP - 39 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weinbaum, Laurence T1 - Israel im Arabischen Frühling N2 - Die Konsequenzen des Grollens in der arabischen Welt seit Anfang 2011 werden sich möglicherweise als weniger hilfreich für die Lösung des Nahostkonflikts erweisen als erhofft. Zumindest auf kurze Sicht hat sich die Nachbarschaft Israels in einen noch unberechenbareren und instabileren Ort verwandelt. Israel würde die Entstehung guten und repräsentativen Regierens in der arabischen Welt willkommen heißen. Doch sind die weiteren Entwicklungen in der Region kaum abzuschätzen. KW - Nahostkonflikt KW - Israel KW - Naher Osten KW - Mideast Conflict KW - Israel KW - Middle East Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-52955 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weigel, A. A1 - Dobryakov, A. A1 - Klaumünzer, Bastian A1 - Sajadi, M. A1 - Saalfrank, Peter A1 - Ernsting, N. P. T1 - Femtosecond stimulated raman spectroscopy of flavin after optical excitation JF - The journal of physical chemistry : B, Condensed matter, materials, surfaces, interfaces & biophysical chemistry N2 - In blue-light photoreceptors using flavin (BLUF), the signaling state is formed already within several 100 ps after illumination, with only small changes of the absorption spectrum. The accompanying structural evolution can, in principle, be monitored by femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS). The method is used here to characterize the excited-state properties of riboflavin and flavin adenine dinucleotide in polar solvents. Raman modes are observed in the range 90-1800 cm(-1) for the electronic ground state S-0 and upon excitation to the S-1 state, and modes >1000 cm(-1) of both states are assigned with the help of quantum-chemical calculations. Line shapes are shown to depend sensitively on resonance conditions. They are affected by wavepacket motion in any of the participating electronic states, resulting in complex amplitude modulation of the stimulated Raman spectra. Wavepackets in S-1 can be marked, and thus isolated, by stimulated-emission pumping with the picosecond Raman pulses. Excited-state absorption spectra are obtained from a quantitative comparison of broadband transient fluorescence and absorption. In this way, the resonance conditions for FSRS are determined. Early differences of the emission spectrum depend on excess vibrational energy, and solvation is seen as dynamic Stokes shift of the emission band. The ne state is evidenced only through changes of emission oscillator strength during solvation. S-1 quenching by adenine is seen with all methods in terms of dynamics, not by spectral intermediates. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1117129 SN - 1520-6106 VL - 115 IS - 13 SP - 3656 EP - 3680 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weidlich, Matthias A1 - Polyvyanyy, Artem A1 - Mendling, Jan A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Causal behavioural profiles - efficient computation, applications, and evaluation JF - Fundamenta informaticae N2 - Analysis of behavioural consistency is an important aspect of software engineering. In process and service management, consistency verification of behavioural models has manifold applications. For instance, a business process model used as system specification and a corresponding workflow model used as implementation have to be consistent. Another example would be the analysis to what degree a process log of executed business operations is consistent with the corresponding normative process model. Typically, existing notions of behaviour equivalence, such as bisimulation and trace equivalence, are applied as consistency notions. Still, these notions are exponential in computation and yield a Boolean result. In many cases, however, a quantification of behavioural deviation is needed along with concepts to isolate the source of deviation. In this article, we propose causal behavioural profiles as the basis for a consistency notion. These profiles capture essential behavioural information, such as order, exclusiveness, and causality between pairs of activities of a process model. Consistency based on these profiles is weaker than trace equivalence, but can be computed efficiently for a broad class of models. In this article, we introduce techniques for the computation of causal behavioural profiles using structural decomposition techniques for sound free-choice workflow systems if unstructured net fragments are acyclic or can be traced back to S-or T-nets. We also elaborate on the findings of applying our technique to three industry model collections. KW - Causal Behavioural Profiles KW - Formal Methods KW - Behavioural Abstraction KW - Structural Decomposition KW - Exclusiveness KW - Concurrency KW - Order Relations KW - Causality KW - Optionality Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2011-614 SN - 0169-2968 VL - 113 IS - 3-4 SP - 399 EP - 435 PB - IOS Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weidlich, Matthias A1 - Polyvyanyy, Artem A1 - Desai, Nirmit A1 - Mendling, Jan A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Process compliance analysis based on behavioural profiles JF - Information systems N2 - Process compliance measurement is getting increasing attention in companies due to stricter legal requirements and market pressure for operational excellence. In order to judge on compliance of the business processing, the degree of behavioural deviation of a case, i.e., an observed execution sequence, is quantified with respect to a process model (referred to as fitness, or recall). Recently, different compliance measures have been proposed. Still, nearly all of them are grounded on state-based techniques and the trace equivalence criterion, in particular. As a consequence, these approaches have to deal with the state explosion problem. In this paper, we argue that a behavioural abstraction may be leveraged to measure the compliance of a process log - a collection of cases. To this end, we utilise causal behavioural profiles that capture the behavioural characteristics of process models and cases, and can be computed efficiently. We propose different compliance measures based on these profiles, discuss the impact of noise in process logs on our measures, and show how diagnostic information on non-compliance is derived. As a validation, we report on findings of applying our approach in a case study with an international service provider. KW - Process compliance KW - Compliance measurement KW - Log conformance KW - Root cause analysis Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2011.04.002 SN - 0306-4379 VL - 36 IS - 7 SP - 1009 EP - 1025 PB - Elsevier CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weidlich, Matthias A1 - Mendling, Jan A1 - Weske, Mathias T1 - Efficient consistency measurement based on behavioral profiles of process models JF - IEEE transactions on software engineering N2 - Engineering of process-driven business applications can be supported by process modeling efforts in order to bridge the gap between business requirements and system specifications. However, diverging purposes of business process modeling initiatives have led to significant problems in aligning related models at different abstract levels and different perspectives. Checking the consistency of such corresponding models is a major challenge for process modeling theory and practice. In this paper, we take the inappropriateness of existing strict notions of behavioral equivalence as a starting point. Our contribution is a concept called behavioral profile that captures the essential behavioral constraints of a process model. We show that these profiles can be computed efficiently, i.e., in cubic time for sound free-choice Petri nets w.r.t. their number of places and transitions. We use behavioral profiles for the definition of a formal notion of consistency which is less sensitive to model projections than common criteria of behavioral equivalence and allows for quantifying deviation in a metric way. The derivation of behavioral profiles and the calculation of a degree of consistency have been implemented to demonstrate the applicability of our approach. We also report the findings from checking consistency between partially overlapping models of the SAP reference model. KW - Process model analysis KW - process model alignment KW - behavioral abstraction KW - consistency checking KW - consistency measures Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2010.96 SN - 0098-5589 VL - 37 IS - 3 SP - 410 EP - 429 PB - Inst. of Electr. and Electronics Engineers CY - Los Alamitos ER - TY - THES A1 - Weidlich, Matthias T1 - Behavioural profiles : a relational approach to behaviour consistency T1 - Verhaltensprofile : ein relationaler Ansatz zur Verhaltenskonsistenz N2 - Business Process Management (BPM) emerged as a means to control, analyse, and optimise business operations. Conceptual models are of central importance for BPM. Most prominently, process models define the behaviour that is performed to achieve a business value. In essence, a process model is a mapping of properties of the original business process to the model, created for a purpose. Different modelling purposes, therefore, result in different models of a business process. Against this background, the misalignment of process models often observed in the field of BPM is no surprise. Even if the same business scenario is considered, models created for strategic decision making differ in content significantly from models created for process automation. Despite their differences, process models that refer to the same business process should be consistent, i.e., free of contradictions. Apparently, there is a trade-off between strictness of a notion of consistency and appropriateness of process models serving different purposes. Existing work on consistency analysis builds upon behaviour equivalences and hierarchical refinements between process models. Hence, these approaches are computationally hard and do not offer the flexibility to gradually relax consistency requirements towards a certain setting. This thesis presents a framework for the analysis of behaviour consistency that takes a fundamentally different approach. As a first step, an alignment between corresponding elements of related process models is constructed. Then, this thesis conducts behavioural analysis grounded on a relational abstraction of the behaviour of a process model, its behavioural profile. Different variants of these profiles are proposed, along with efficient computation techniques for a broad class of process models. Using behavioural profiles, consistency of an alignment between process models is judged by different notions and measures. The consistency measures are also adjusted to assess conformance of process logs that capture the observed execution of a process. Further, this thesis proposes various complementary techniques to support consistency management. It elaborates on how to implement consistent change propagation between process models, addresses the exploration of behavioural commonalities and differences, and proposes a model synthesis for behavioural profiles. N2 - Das Geschäftsprozessmanagement umfasst Methoden zur Steuerung, Analyse sowie Optimierung von Geschäftsprozessen. Es stützt sich auf konzeptionelle Modelle, Prozessmodelle, welche den Ablauf zur Erreichung eines Geschäftszieles beschreiben. Demnach ist ein Prozessmodell eine Abbildung eines Geschäftsprozesses, erstellt hinsichtlich eines Modellierungsziels. Unterschiedliche Modellierungsziele resultieren somit in unterschiedlichen Modellen desselben Prozesses. Beispielsweise unterscheiden sich zwei Modelle erheblich, sofern eines für die strategische Entscheidungsfindung und eines für die Automatisierung erstellt wurde. Trotz der in unterschiedlichen Modellierungszielen begründeten Unterschiede sollten die entsprechenden Modelle konsistent, d.h. frei von Widersprüchen sein. Die Striktheit des Konsistenzbegriffs steht hierbei in Konflikt mit der Eignung der Prozessmodelle für einen bestimmten Zweck. Existierende Ansätze zur Analyse von Verhaltenskonsistenz basieren auf Verhaltensäquivalenzen und nehmen an, dass Prozessmodelle in einer hierarchischen Verfeinerungsrelation stehen. Folglich weisen sie eine hohe Berechnungskomplexität auf und erlauben es nicht, den Konsistenzbegriff graduell für einen bestimmten Anwendungsfalls anzupassen. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt einen Ansatz für die Analyse von Verhaltenskonsistenz vor, welcher sich fundamental von existierenden Arbeiten unterscheidet. Zunächst werden korrespondierende Elemente von Prozessmodellen, welche den gleichen Geschäftsprozess darstellen, identifiziert. Auf Basis dieser Korrespondenzen wird ein Ansatz zur Konsistenzanalyse vorgestellt. Jener basiert auf einer relationalen Verhaltensabstraktion, dem Verhaltensprofil eines Prozessmodells. Die Arbeit führt verschiedene Varianten dieses Profils ein und zeigt wie sie für bestimmte Modellklassen effizient berechnet werden. Mithilfe von Verhaltensprofilen werden Konsistenzbegriffe und Konsistenzmaße für die Beurteilung von Korrespondenzen zwischen Prozessmodellen definiert. Weiterhin werden die Konsistenzmaße auch für den Anwendungsfall der Konformität angepasst, welcher sich auf beobachtete Abläufe in Form von Ausführungsdaten bezieht. Darüber hinaus stellt die Arbeit eine Reihe von Methoden vor, welche die Analyse von Verhaltenskonsistenz ergänzen. So werden Lösungen für das konsistente Übertragen von Änderungen eines Modells auf ein anderes, die explorative Analyse von Verhaltensgemeinsamkeiten, sowie eine Modellsynthese für Verhaltensprofile vorgestellt. KW - Verhaltensanalyse KW - Prozessmodellierung KW - Modellkonsistenz KW - Behaviour Analysis KW - Process Modelling KW - Model Consistency Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-55590 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weidemann, Diethelm T1 - Der Afghanistan-Komplex BT - historische Entwicklungslinien JF - WeltTrends-Papiere N2 - Inhalt: Historische Herausbildung des Konfliktes ; Das Scheitern der Reformen Amanullah Khans ; Der Modus Vivendi Zahir Shahs ; Der Afghanistankrieg von 1979 bis 1989 ; Der Bürgerkrieg 1989 bis 2001 ; Einzug der Taliban ; Aktuelle Lage in Afghanistan ; Intervention der USA und Folgen ; Ungewisse Perspektiven KW - Afghanistan KW - Friedens- und Konfliktforschung KW - Internationale Politik KW - Afghanistan KW - Peace and Conflict Studies KW - International Politics Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-63225 SN - 1864-0656 IS - 16 SP - 11 EP - 21 PB - Universitätsverlag Potsdam CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wehinger, Brunhilde T1 - Der Salon : ein Modell kultureller Begegnungsräume weiblicher Prägung Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-89971-877-5 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wehinger, Brunhilde T1 - Alles will jetzt lesen : Formen der Geselligkeit in öffentlichen Bibliotheken und Lesekabinetten im Zeichen der Aufklärung Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-8376-1404-6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Nancy A1 - Tiersch, Brigitte A1 - Unterlass, Miriam M. A1 - Heilig, Anneliese A1 - Tauer, Klaus T1 - "Schizomorphic" Emulsion Copolymerization Particles JF - Macromolecular rapid communications N2 - Cryo-electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and light microscopy investigations provide experimental evidence that amphiphilic emulsion copolymerization particles change their morphology in dependence on concentration. The shape of the particles is spherical at solids content above 1%, but it changes to rod-like, ring-like, and web-like structures at lower concentrations. In addition, the shape and morphology of these particles at low concentrations are not fixed but very flexible and vary with time between spheres, flexible pearlnecklace structures, and stretched rods. KW - amphiphilic particles KW - emulsion polymerization KW - morphology Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201100491 SN - 1022-1336 VL - 32 IS - 23 SP - 1925 EP - 1929 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Malden ER - TY - THES A1 - Weber, Nancy T1 - Die Synthese "schizomorpher" Copolymer - Latexteilchen Y1 - 2011 CY - Potsdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Marion A1 - Cardona, A. A1 - Valencia, V. A1 - Altenberger, Uwe A1 - Lopez-Martinez, M. A1 - Tobon, M. A1 - Zapata, Sebastian Henao A1 - Zapata, G. A1 - Concha, A. E. T1 - Geochemistry and geochronology of the Guajira Eclogites, northern Colombia evidence of a metamorphosed primitive Cretaceous Caribbean Island-arc JF - Geologica acta N2 - The chemical composition of eclogites, found as boulders in a Tertiary conglomerate from the Guajira Peninsula, Colombia suggests that these rocks are mainly metamorphosed basaltic andesites. They are depleted in LILE elements compared to MORB, have a negative Nb-anomaly and flat to enriched REE patterns, suggesting that their protoliths evolved in a subduction related tectonic setting. They show island-arc affinities and are similar to primitive island-arc rocks described in the Caribbean. The geochemical characteristics are comparable to low-grade greenschists from the nearby Etpana Terrane, which are interpreted as part of a Cretaceous intra-oceanic arc. These data support evidence that the eclogites and the Etpana terrane rocks formed from the same volcano-sedimentary sequence. Part of this sequence was accreted onto the margin and another was incorporated into the subduction channel and metamorphosed at eclogite facies conditions. Ar-40-Ar-39 ages of 79.2 +/- 1.1Ma and 82.2 +/- 2.5Ma determined on white micas, separated from two eclogite samples, are interpreted to be related to the cooling of the main metamorphic event. The formation of a common volcano-sedimentary protolith and subsequent metamorphism of these units record the ongoing Late Cretaceous continental subduction of the South American margin within the Caribbean intra-oceanic arc subduction zone. This gave way to an arc-continent collision between the Caribbean and the South American plates, where this sequence was exhumed after the Campanian. KW - Eclogites KW - Primitive island-arc KW - Geochronology KW - Guajira Peninsula KW - Colombia KW - Caribbean Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1344/105.000001740 SN - 1695-6133 VL - 9 IS - 3-4 SP - 425 EP - 443 PB - Facultat de Geologia, Divisio III, Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques, Universitat de Barcelona CY - Barcelona ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Ewald T1 - Strong regeneration ability from rhizome fragments in two invasive clonal plants (Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea) JF - Biological invasions : unique international journal uniting scientists in the broad field of biological invasions N2 - The two rhizomatous perennials Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea belong to the most widespread alien plants in Europe. Anecdotal observations suggest that they disperse also by rhizome fragments. For testing their resprouting ability, rhizome fragments of different sizes from both species were buried at four different soil depths (0, 5, 10 and 20 cm, respectively) in a common garden. Rhizome fragments of S. canadensis ranged 3-6 cm in length, those of S. gigantea 5-20 cm in length. Resprouting plants were harvested after 3 months and growth related traits measured to assess their vitality. Resprouting rate in S. gigantea was far higher than in S. canadensis (85 and 19%, respectively). In S. gigantea, fragments of all sizes resprouted from all soil depths whereas none rhizome of S. canadensis emerged from 20 cm burial depth. In S. gigantea, size related traits showed significant interactions between fragment size and burial depth, but not relative shoot growth rate. At all burial depths, vitality of plants emerging from small rhizomes was lower than plants emerging from large rhizomes. Effects of rhizome size became stronger with increasing burial depth. The results show that both species are able to resprout from buried rhizome fragments, and that succesful regeneration is more likely to occur in S. gigantea. Managing these species should avoid any activities promoting rhizome fragmentation and dispersal of fragments. KW - Clonal growth KW - Dispersal KW - Establishment KW - Goldenrod KW - Invasive plant species KW - Vegetative regeneration Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-011-9977-y SN - 1387-3547 VL - 13 IS - 12 SP - 2947 EP - 2955 PB - Springer CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Watermeyer, Melanie A1 - Höhle, Barbara A1 - Kauschke, Christina T1 - Ausagieren von Sätzen versus Satz-Bild-Zuordnung BT - Vergleich zweier Methoden zur Untersuchung des Sprachverständnisses anhand von semantisch reversiblen Sätzen mit Objektvoranstellung bei drei- und fünfjährigen Kindern JF - Spektrum Patholinguistik Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-54374 SN - 1869-3822 SN - 1866-9433 IS - 4 SP - 237 EP - 246 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Watermeyer, Melanie A1 - Höhle, Barbara A1 - Kauschke, Christina T1 - Ausagieren von Sätzen versus Satz-Bild-Zuordnung: Vergleich zweier Methoden zur Untersuchung des Sprachverständnisses anhand von semantisch reversiblen Sätzen mit Objektvoranstellung bei drei- und fünfjährigen Kindern Y1 - 2011 ER -