TY - JOUR A1 - Özsoy, Onur A1 - Iefremenko, Kateryna A1 - Schroeder, Christoph T1 - Shifting and expanding clause combining strategies in heritage Turkish varieties JF - Languages N2 - Turkish is a language described as relying predominantly on non-finite subordination in the domain of clause combining. However, there are also strategies of finite subordination, as well as means of syndetic and asyndetic paratactic clause combining, especially in the informal settings. Clause combining is and has been one of the focal points of research on heritage Turkish (h-Turkish). One point is particularly clear: In comparison with the monolingual setting, finite means of clause combining are more frequent in h-Turkish in Germany, the U.S., and the Netherlands, while non-finite means of clause combining are less frequent. Overall, our results confirm the findings of earlier studies: heritage speakers in Germany and the U.S. prefer paratactic means of clause combining using connectors, as opposed to monolingual speakers. Our results also reveal that age (adolescents vs. adults) and register (informal vs. formal) significantly modulate the use of connectors. Moreover, we find that the shift in preferences in means of clause combining triggers an expansion in the system of connectors and leads to the development of new narrative connectors, such as o zaman and derken. The system of syndetic paratactic clause combining is expanding in heritage Turkish. This expansion calls for multifaceted modeling of change in heritage languages, which integrates language-internal factors (register), dynamics of convergence with the contact languages, and extra-linguistic factors (age and language use). KW - bilingualism KW - corpus linguistics KW - heritage languages KW - heritage Turkish KW - clause combining KW - coordination KW - connectors Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/languages7030242 SN - 2226-471X VL - 7 IS - 3 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Abendroth, Adrian A1 - Parry, Douglas A. A1 - Le Roux, Daniel B. A1 - Gundlach, Jana ED - Hattingh, Marié ED - Matthee, Machdel ED - Smuts, Hanlie ED - Pappas, Ilias ED - Dwivedi, Yogesh K. ED - Mäntymäki, Matti T1 - An analysis of problematic media use and technology use addiction scales BT - what are they actually assessing? T2 - Responsible design, implementation and use of information and communication technology N2 - Increasingly, research attention is being afforded to various forms of problematic media use. Despite ongoing conceptual, theoretical, and empirical debates, a large number of retrospective self-report scales have been produced to ostensibly measure various classes of such behaviour. These scales are typically based on a variety of theoretical and diagnostic frameworks. Given current conceptual ambiguities, building on previous studies, we evaluated the dimensional structure of 50 scales targeting the assessment of supposedly problematic behaviours in relation to four technologies: Internet, smartphones, video games, and social network sites. We find that two dimensions (‘compulsive use’ and ‘negative outcomes’) account for over 50% of all scale-items analysed. With a median of five dimensions, on average, scales have considered fewer dimensions than various proposed diagnostic criteria and models. No relationships were found between the number of items in a scale and the number of dimensions, or the technology category and the dimensional structure. The findings indicate, firstly, that a majority of scales place an inordinate emphasis on some dimensions over others and, secondly, that despite differences in the items presented, at a dimensional level, there exists a high degree of similarity between scales. These findings highlight shortcomings in existing scales and underscore the need to develop more sophisticated conceptions and empirical tools to understand possible problematic interactions with various digital technologies. KW - technology addiction KW - problematic media use KW - self report scales KW - systematic review Y1 - 2020 UR - 978-3-030-45002-1 SN - 978-3-030-45001-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45002-1_18 SP - 211 EP - 222 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Keller, Sebastian A1 - Notbohm, Hannah Lisa A1 - Bloch, Wilhelm A1 - Schumann, Moritz T1 - Reduced serum concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species following strenuous exercise in the heat are not associated with an upregulation in serum antioxidative capacity JF - Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity N2 - Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high antioxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum concentrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V?O2peak: 60 +/- 4 ml center dot kg-1 center dot min-1) completed a 60-minute constant workload trial (55% peak power output, ambient temperature 30.4 +/- 0.6 degrees C) with and without ice vest in a randomized order. The core body temperature (Tcore) was measured by an ingestible capsule. Blood samples were collected before and after each trial to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and RONS. Due to the absence of between-group differences, data of both conditions were pooled. Results: Tcore statistically increased (p < 0.001) over the experimental trials (+6.0 +/- 1.6%, effect size (ES) = 5.6). Concentrations of RONS (-17.2 +/- 15.5%, p < 0.001, ES = 1.0) and TAC (-8.9 +/- 22.9%, p = 0.04, ES = 0.7) statistically decreased, while the activity of CAT (+15.5 +/- 84.0%, p = 0.90, ES = 0.04) and SOD (+9.2 +/- 58.7%, p = 0.98, ES = 0.01) remained unchanged. Conclusions: Reduced serum RONS concentrations after strenuous cycling in the heat were not associated with upregulation of serum antioxidant capacity in trained athletes. The prooxidant-antioxidant balance may rather be regulated at a myocellular level and should be further assessed in future studies. KW - total antioxidant KW - capacity KW - antioxidants KW - catalase KW - reactive oxygen KW - species KW - superoxide dismutase KW - sports medicine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.29359/BJHPA.14.4.03 SN - 2080-1297 SN - 2080-9999 VL - 14 IS - 4 PB - Gda`nsk Academy; Versita, Warsaw CY - Gdansk ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Titov, Evgenii T1 - Effect of conformational disorder on exciton states of an azobenzene aggregate JF - Physical chemistry, chemical physics : a journal of European Chemical Societies N2 - Azobenzene is a prototypical molecular photoswitch, widely used to trigger a variety of transformations at different length scales. In systems like self-assembled monolayers or micelles, azobenzene chromophores may interact with each other, which gives rise to the emergence of exciton states. Here, using first-principles calculations, we investigate how conformational disorder (induced, e.g., by thermal fluctuations) affects localization of these states, on an example of an H-type azobenzene tetramer. We find that conformational disorder leads to (partial) exciton localization on a single-geometry level, whereas ensemble-averaging results in a delocalized picture. The pi pi* and n pi* excitons at high and low temperatures are discussed. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cp02774g SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 24 IS - 39 SP - 24002 EP - 24006 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sand, Patrick A1 - Schmidt, Bernd T1 - Orthogonal arylation of a diene-sulfonamide using cationic transition metal catalysts JF - European journal of organic chemistry N2 - The regioselectivity of two mechanistically distinct alkenylation reactions catalyzed by in situ-formed cationic transition metal complexes was studied using N-allyl-N-phenylethenesulfonamide as a model compound. Orthogonal selectivity was observed for the Ru-catalyzed C-H-activating alkenylation with acetanilides, which occurs preferentially at the electron deficient double bond, and for a Pd-catalyzed Heck-type coupling with arene diazonium salts, which occurs preferentially at the more electron rich double bond of the N-allyl substituent. KW - arenes KW - C-H activation KW - palladium KW - ruthenium KW - sulfonamides Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.202201336 SN - 1434-193X SN - 1099-0690 VL - 2022 IS - 47 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reimann, Max A1 - Buchheim, Benito A1 - Semmo, Amir A1 - Döllner, Jürgen A1 - Trapp, Matthias T1 - Controlling strokes in fast neural style transfer using content transforms JF - The Visual Computer N2 - Fast style transfer methods have recently gained popularity in art-related applications as they make a generalized real-time stylization of images practicable. However, they are mostly limited to one-shot stylizations concerning the interactive adjustment of style elements. In particular, the expressive control over stroke sizes or stroke orientations remains an open challenge. To this end, we propose a novel stroke-adjustable fast style transfer network that enables simultaneous control over the stroke size and intensity, and allows a wider range of expressive editing than current approaches by utilizing the scale-variance of convolutional neural networks. Furthermore, we introduce a network-agnostic approach for style-element editing by applying reversible input transformations that can adjust strokes in the stylized output. At this, stroke orientations can be adjusted, and warping-based effects can be applied to stylistic elements, such as swirls or waves. To demonstrate the real-world applicability of our approach, we present StyleTune, a mobile app for interactive editing of neural style transfers at multiple levels of control. Our app allows stroke adjustments on a global and local level. It furthermore implements an on-device patch-based upsampling step that enables users to achieve results with high output fidelity and resolutions of more than 20 megapixels. Our approach allows users to art-direct their creations and achieve results that are not possible with current style transfer applications. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-077-07518-x SN - 0178-2789 SN - 1432-2315 PB - Springer CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wehmeier, Liz Marla ED - Kuhlmann, Sabine ED - Laffin, Martin ED - Wayenberg, Ellen ED - Bergström, Tomas T1 - Intergovernmental relations in digitalization policy BT - German tax administration between centralization and decentralization T2 - New perspectives on intergovernmental relations N2 - Despite the high hopes associated with public sector digitalization, especially in times of crisis, it does not yet hold up to its potential. Both the negotiation and implementation of digitalization policy presents a challenge for all levels of government, requiring extensive coordination efforts. In general, there are conflicting views if more centralized or decentralized policy processes are more effective for coordination—a tension further exacerbated in the context of digitalization policy within multilevel systems, where the imperative of standardization collides with decentralization forces inherent in federalism. Based on the analysis of expert interviews (n = 29), this chapter examines how digitalization policy in the context of the German federal intergovernmental relations context is located and negotiated, and how this relates to local policy implementation. Focusing on the decentralized German tax administration as a case study, the analysis reveals a shift from a conflicted to a multi-layered policy process, underpinned by a mechanism of “concentration without centralization.” Strategic and operational competencies are bundled in an institutionalized and legally regulated network for digitalization to achieve necessary standardization of digital infrastructure. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the influence of intergovernmental relations on local implementation and the associated challenges and opportunities. KW - intergovernmental relations KW - digitalization policy KW - coordination KW - implementation Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-61789-8 SN - 978-3-031-61790-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61790-4_9 SP - 163 EP - 185 PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Vellani, Tomás A1 - Oehlert, Franziska A1 - Walkenhorst, Janina ED - Kuhlmann, Sabine ED - Laffin, Martin ED - Wayenberg, Ellen ED - Bergström, Tomas T1 - Intergovernmental relations in urban climate policy BT - how Berlin and Paris formulate and implement climate strategies T2 - New perspectives on intergovernmental relations N2 - Urban climate strategies have become central tools for steering climate policy in cities. Local policymakers must coordinate a wide range of actors, among them sub-municipal administrative units and neighbouring administrations, in order to ensure legitimate, socially accepted and effective policy. The study examines, from a comparative perspective, how intergovernmental relations (IGR) play out in the formulation and implementation of climate strategies in the metropolitan areas of Berlin and Paris. Embedded in different institutional contexts, both cities followed a trajectory initiated by relatively centralized strategy formulation with an ongoing shift towards more decentralized and coordinated intergovernmental approaches with their respective district administrations. In terms of horizontal IGR, Berlin took a decoupled approach with limited coordination with the state of Brandenburg, whereas Paris was much more closely integrated with its surrounding areas through the inter-municipal metropolis of Greater Paris. Institutional capacity, multilevel coordination and participation demands are identified as three challenges for the existing IGR structures. Addressing these challenges places significant strains on local administrative capacity. The findings highlight the limitations of centralized approaches to IGR at the local level and the importance of aligning the distribution of functional responsibilities with the rights of consultation and participation in climate policy formulation processes. KW - climate policy KW - climate strategies KW - local government KW - intergovernmental relations KW - multilevel coordination Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-61789-8 SN - 978-3-031-61790-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61790-4_8 SP - 143 EP - 162 PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - Cham ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Oehlert, Franziska A1 - Kuhlmann, Sabine ED - Kuhlmann, Sabine ED - Laffin, Martin ED - Wayenberg, Ellen ED - Bergström, Tomas T1 - Inter-administrative relations in migrant integration BT - France, Germany, and Sweden compared T2 - New perspectives on intergovernmental relations N2 - Migrant integration is a prime example of intergovernmental coordination and multilevel governance; first because no level of government can carry out this task alone, and second because its cross-cutting nature often leads to fragmented institutional structures that must be overcome. Within the research strand of intergovernmental relations (IGR), the focus has been on executive actors and governmental decision-makers, resulting in an underexposure of the role of public administration, known as inter-administrative relations (IAR). Against this backdrop, we aim to remedy some of the deficits in IGR research by (1) adopting an explicit IAR perspective which systematically addresses the role of local governments; (2) including a comparative dimension in IAR research that accounts for different administrative ‘starting conditions’ in European countries; and (3) using the policy area of migrant integration as a case in point to empirically investigate developments of institutional convergence and divergence in IAR patterns. It is argued that the coordination of migrant integration in the three countries examined has moved towards more intergovernmental coordination, on the one hand, and that the role of municipalities in this context has been enhanced—varying degrees of (de-)centralization notwithstanding. While certain convergent patterns of inter-governmental coordination have become apparent during the migration crisis, historical path dependencies and administrative cultures still appear to be factors that influence institutional development. KW - inter-administrative relations KW - coordination KW - migrant integration KW - neo-institutionalism Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-61789-8 SN - 978-3-031-61790-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61790-4_5 SP - 77 EP - 101 PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - Cham ER - TY - BOOK ED - Kuhlmann, Sabine ED - Laffin, Martin ED - Wayenberg, Ellen ED - Bergström, Tomas T1 - New perspectives on intergovernmental relations T3 - Palgrave studies in sub-national governance N2 - This open access book assesses the consequences of contemporary economic and political crises for intergovernmental relations in Europe. Focusing on the crises arising from the Covid-19 pandemic, climate change, surges in migration, and the resurgence of regional nationalist movements, it explores the shifting power balances within intergovernmental relations’ systems. The book takes a comparative analytical perspective on how intergovernmental relations are changing across Europe, and how central governments have responded to coordination challenges as recent crises have disrupted established service delivery chains and their underpinning political and bureaucratic arrangements. It also examines the relationship between recent crises and the sub-national resurgence of territorial politics in many European countries. The book will appeal to those with interests in public administration, sub-national governance and European politics. KW - entre-local relations KW - local self-government KW - sub-national governance KW - refugee crisis KW - pandemic KW - intergovernmental relations KW - coordination KW - Open Access KW - Europe KW - European public administration Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-031-61789-8 SN - 978-3-031-61790-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61790-4 PB - Palgrave Macmillan CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Desch, Anke A1 - Förstner, Bernd Rainer A1 - Artmann, Jörg A1 - Häusler, Andreas A1 - Hauptmann, Michael A1 - Altin, Sibel Vildan A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Holmberg, Christine T1 - A theory of change of an innovation for therapeutic care and meaningful living in a German nursing home JF - BMC geriatrics N2 - Background: Demographic changes are leading to growing care needs of older people and creating a challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. Nursing homes (NHs) need to provide care for growing numbers of residents while ensuring a high-quality care. We aimed to examine an innovative NH in Germany and apply a theory of change (ToC) approach to develop a best practice model (BPM) for therapeutic care in NHs. Methods: A multimethod qualitative study conducted from February to July 2021 in Germany involved interviews with 14 staff members of an innovative NH and 10 directors and care managers of other NHs. The interview guidelines included questions on nursing practices, infrastructure, resources, interprofessional collaboration, and working culture. Additional material on the participating NH (website, promotion videos, newsletters, care documentation) were collected. Contextual literature on NH culture and therapeutic care in Germany, ToC methodology, and NH culture change were reviewed. Following a question-focused analysis of all material, we generated a ToC model towards a BPM of therapeutic care and meaningful living in NHs. Results: were verified in interdisciplinary team meetings, with study participants and other stakeholders to establish consensus. Results The participating NH's care concept aims to improve residents' functional abilities and wellbeing as well as staff members' job satisfaction. Central components of their approach include therapeutic elements such as music and movement in all nursing activities, multidisciplinary collaboration, a broad therapy and social activity offer, the continuation of therapy in everyday activities, a focus on individual life history, values, needs, and skills, social integration into the regional community, and the creation of a meaningful living environment for residents and staff. Conclusion: The BPM we developed shows how a meaningful living environment can be created through therapeutic care and integrative activities. The ToC sheds light onto the contextual factors and cultural values which should be considered in the development of NH interventions. Research on not only biomedical aspects, but also psychosocial dynamics and narrative co-constructions in nursing practice should inform NH innovations. The ToC also highlights the importance of developing adequate political frameworks and infrastructures for implementing such innovative practices on a larger scale. KW - positive gerontology KW - de-institutionalization KW - meaning-making KW - therapeutic emplotment KW - integrated narrative nursing KW - nursing home culture change Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03462-0 SN - 1471-2318 VL - 22 IS - 1 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Topuz, Birol T1 - Quranic verses shaping Djem and false perception of Alevism in the society JF - International journal of islamic thought : IJIT N2 - It is seen that the Alevi-Sunni relations are mostly shaped by the stereotyped perceptions of the two groups about each other. In particular, the fact that Alevism is a closed society due to the pressure they have experienced throughout history has prevented them from being perceived correctly. As such, it is seen that there are many misconceptions about Alevis and their rituals that do not match the reality but are accepted as correct by the society. Due to the lack of communication that could not be developed through this "unknown" in the historical process, Alevi-Sunni relations have always been open to manipulations. As a matter of fact, it is seen that Alevis' relations with Islam, the Djem ceremonies that form the basis of Alevism, and the content of Djem ceremonies have always remained a mystery to Sunnis. Unfortunately, this misperception also reflected negatively on the communication between the two groups. As it is known, if stereotypes arise when there is incorrect information about the target group, the best way to correct them is to create common contact environments that will bring individuals to the right information. Here in this article, the unknown Djem ritual and especially the Qur'anic verses that they refer to during the Djem ceremonies are discussed. KW - words KW - Alevis KW - Sunnis KW - Djem KW - verses of Quran in Djem Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24035/ijit.21.2022.223 SN - 2232-1314 SN - 2289-6023 VL - 21 SP - 35 EP - 45 PB - University of Kebansaan, Malaysia CY - Kuala Lumpur ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prüfert, Christian A1 - Beitz, Toralf A1 - Reich, Olaf A1 - Löhmannsröben, Hans-Gerd T1 - Inline process analysis of copper-bearing aerosols using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, laser-induced incandescence and optical imaging JF - Spectrochimica acta, Part B, Atomic spectroscopy N2 - The quantification and identification of aerosols in industry plays a key role in process monitoring and control and lays the foundation for process automation aspired by the industry 4.0 initiative. However, measuring particulate matter's mass and number concentrations in harsh environments poses great analytical constraints. The presented approach comprises a comprehensive set of light-and imaging-based techniques, all contactless, in-line, and real-time. It includes, but is not limited to, stroboscopic imaging, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and laser-induced incandescence (LII). Stroboscopic imaging confirmed the particles sphericity and was used to measure the particle number density. A phase-selective LIBS setup with low fluence and 500 Hz repetition rate was used to classify each particle with a single-pulse and in real time. Simultaneously, the created plasma was captured by CCD imaging to determine the detection volume and hit rate of the LIBS setup. Both data sets combined were converted to a particle number density, which was consistent with the particle number density of the stroboscopic measurements. Furthermore, using a photodiode and microphone in parallel to the LIBS setup allowed for the photoacoustic normalization of the spectral line intensity at the laser repetition rate of 500 Hz. This was done as a partial photoacoustic normalization method with the cut-off based on the coefficient of variation (CV), reducing it by 25%. Aside from that photodiode and microphone were proven to be valuable event counting with the advantage of the less spatially constricted. A second laser setup was used for laser -induced incandescence (LII) making it possible to classify the particles based on their incandescence tendency. Given its larger probing volume, LII could be employed at very low particle number densities. With respect to the current literature, this is the first approach of using LII as an in-line, real-time analytical technique for the compositional classification of metal-bearing aerosols. KW - LIBS KW - LII KW - aerosol. photoacoustics KW - stroboscopic imaging KW - minerals Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2022.106527 SN - 0584-8547 SN - 1873-3565 VL - 197 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wessig, Pablo A1 - Badetko, Dominik A1 - Koebe, Michael T1 - Triplet sensitized Photo-Dehydro-Diels-Alder reaction JF - ChemistrySelect N2 - We report on the triplet sensitization of the intramolecular Photo-Dehydro-Diels-Alder (PDDA) reaction of two diaryl suberates bearing methyl propiolate chromophors. Compared with the non-sensitized irradiation, considerably increased yields could be observed. Moreover, it is possible to use the more efficient UVA lamps instead of UVB lamps. Among three investigated sensitizers (xanthone, benzophenone, thioxanthone) xanthone gave the best results. KW - light sources KW - photochemistry KW - photodehydro-Diels-Alder reaction KW - triplet sensitization Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202202648 SN - 2365-6549 VL - 7 IS - 38 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kluge, Annette A1 - Schüffler, Arnulf S. A1 - Thim, Christof A1 - Gronau, Norbert T1 - Facilitating and hindering factors for routine adaptations in manufacturing and effects on human performance- unexpected insights from three experimental studies in a special purpose setting JF - Ergonomics : an international journal of research and practice in human factors and ergonomics N2 - Consumer behaviour changes and strategic management decisions are driving adaptations in manufacturing routines. Based on the theory of situational strength, we investigated how contextual and person-related factors influence workers’ adaptation in a two-worker position routine. Contextual factors, like retrieval cues (Study 1), time pressure (Study 2), and convenience (Study 3), were varied. Person-related factors included retentivity, general and routine-specific self-efficacy, and perceived adaptation costs. Dependent variables included various error types and production time before and after adaptation. In each study, 148 participants were trained in a production routine at t1 and executed an adapted routine at t2, one week later. Repeated measures ANOVA for performance at t1 and t2, and MANOVA for performance at t2, revealed that time increased for all groups at t2. For participants in Studies 1 & 2, error rates remained consistent. Retentivity significantly impacted errors at both t1 and t2, emphasising that routine changes in a ‘running business’ take time, regardless of contextual factors. Workers with lower retentivity may require additional support. KW - intentional forgetting KW - manufacturing KW - unlearning KW - multi-actor routine KW - person-related factors KW - situational strength KW - change management Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2024.2369706 SN - 1366-5847 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wenig, Phillip A1 - Schmidl, Sebastian A1 - Papenbrock, Thorsten T1 - TimeEval: a benchmarking toolkit for time series anomaly detection algorithms JF - Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment N2 - Detecting anomalous subsequences in time series is an important task in time series analytics because it serves the identification of special events, such as production faults, delivery bottlenecks, system defects, or heart flicker. Consequently, many algorithms have been developed for the automatic detection of such anomalous patterns. The enormous number of approaches (i.e., more than 158 as of today), the lack of properly labeled test data, and the complexity of time series anomaly benchmarking have, though, led to a situation where choosing the best detection technique for a given anomaly detection task is a difficult challenge. In this demonstration, we present TIMEEVAL, an extensible, scalable and automatic benchmarking toolkit for time series anomaly detection algorithms. TIMEEVAL includes an extensive data generator and supports both interactive and batch evaluation scenarios. With our novel toolkit, we aim to ease the evaluation effort and help the community to provide more meaningful evaluations. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14778/3554821.3554873 SN - 2150-8097 VL - 15 IS - 12 SP - 3678 EP - 3681 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Simonini, Giovanni A1 - Zecchini, Luca A1 - Bergamaschi, Sonia A1 - Naumann, Felix T1 - Entity resolution on-demand JF - Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment N2 - Entity Resolution (ER) aims to identify and merge records that refer to the same real-world entity. ER is typically employed as an expensive cleaning step on the entire data before consuming it. Yet, determining which entities are useful once cleaned depends solely on the user's application, which may need only a fraction of them. For instance, when dealing with Web data, we would like to be able to filter the entities of interest gathered from multiple sources without cleaning the entire, continuously-growing data. Similarly, when querying data lakes, we want to transform data on-demand and return the results in a timely manner-a fundamental requirement of ELT (Extract-Load-Transform) pipelines. We propose BrewER, a framework to evaluate SQL SP queries on dirty data while progressively returning results as if they were issued on cleaned data. BrewER tries to focus the cleaning effort on one entity at a time, following an ORDER BY predicate. Thus, it inherently supports top-k and stop-and-resume execution. For a wide range of applications, a significant amount of resources can be saved. We exhaustively evaluate and show the efficacy of BrewER on four real-world datasets. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14778/3523210.3523226 SN - 2150-8097 VL - 15 IS - 7 SP - 1506 EP - 1518 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Banerjee, Pallavi A1 - Silva, Daniel Varon A1 - Lipowsky, Reinhard A1 - Santer, Mark T1 - The importance of side branches of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors BT - a molecular dynamics perspective JF - Glycobiology N2 - Many proteins are anchored to the cell surface of eukaryotes using a unique family of glycolipids called glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors. These glycolipids also exist without a covalently bound protein, in particular on the cell surfaces of protozoan parasites where they are densely populated. GPIs and GPI-anchored proteins participate in multiple cellular processes such as signal transduction, cell adhesion, protein trafficking and pathogenesis of Malaria, Toxoplasmosis, Trypanosomiasis and prion diseases, among others. All GPIs share a common conserved glycan core modified in a cell-dependent manner with additional side glycans or phosphoethanolamine residues. Here, we use atomistic molecular dynamic simulations and perform a systematic study to evaluate the structural properties of GPIs with different side chains inserted in lipid bilayers. Our results show a flop-down orientation of GPIs with respect to the membrane surface and the presentation of the side chain residues to the solvent. This finding agrees well with experiments showing the role of the side residues as active epitopes for recognition of GPIs by macrophages and induction of GPI-glycan-specific immune responses. Protein-GPI interactions were investigated by attaching parasitic GPIs to Green Fluorescent Protein. GPIs are observed to recline on the membrane surface and pull down the attached protein close to the membrane facilitating mutual contacts between protein, GPI and the lipid bilayer. This model is efficient in evaluating the interaction of GPIs and GPI-anchored proteins with membranes and can be extended to study other parasitic GPIs and proteins and develop GPI-based immunoprophylaxis to treat infectious diseases. KW - conformation KW - GFP KW - glycan recognition KW - GPI KW - molecular dynamics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/glycob/cwac037 SN - 0959-6658 SN - 1460-2423 VL - 32 IS - 11 SP - 933 EP - 948 PB - Oxford Univ. Press CY - Cary ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Markötter, Henning A1 - Sintschuk, Michael A1 - Britzke, Ricardo A1 - Dayani, Shahabeddin A1 - Bruno, Giovanni T1 - Upgraded imaging capabilities at the BAMline (BESSY II) JF - Journal of synchrotron radiation N2 - The BAMline at the BESSY II synchrotron X-ray source has enabled research for more than 20 years in widely spread research fields such as materials science, biology, cultural heritage and medicine. As a nondestructive characterization method, synchrotron X-ray imaging, especially tomography, plays a particularly important role in structural characterization. A recent upgrade of key equipment of the BAMline widens its imaging capabilities: shorter scan acquisition times are now possible, in situ and op erando studies can now be routinely performed, and different energy spectra can easily be set up. In fact, the upgraded double-multilayer monochromator brings full flexibility by yielding different energy spectra to optimize flux and energy resolution as desired. The upgraded detector (based on an sCMOS camera) also allows exploiting the higher flux with reduced readout times. Furthermore, an installed slip ring allows the sample stage to continuously rotate. The latter feature enables tomographic observation of processes occurring in the time scale of a few seconds. KW - synchrotron radiation KW - computed tomography KW - double-multilayer monochromators KW - pink beams KW - X-ray optics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577522007342 SN - 1600-5775 VL - 29 IS - 5 SP - 1292 EP - 1298 PB - International Union of Crystallography CY - Chester ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Szangolies, Leonna A1 - Rohwäder, Marie-Sophie A1 - Jeltsch, Florian T1 - Single large AND several small habitat patches BT - a community perspective on their importance for biodiversity JF - Basic and applied ecology : Journal of the Gesellschaft für Ökologie N2 - The debate whether single large or several small (SLOSS) patches benefit biodiversity has existed for decades, but recent literature provides increasing evidence for the importance of small habitats. Possible beneficial mechanisms include reduced presence of preda-tors and competitors in small habitat areas or specific functions such as stepping stones for dispersal. Given the increasing amount of studies highlighting individual behavioral differences that may influence these functions, we hypothesize that the advantage of small versus large habitat patches not only depends on patch functionality but also on the presence of animal personalities (i.e., risk-tolerant vs. risk-averse). Using an individual-based, spatially-explicit community model, we analyzed the diversity of mammal communities in landscapes consisting of a few large habitat islands interspersed with different amounts and sizes of small habitat patches. Within these heterogeneous environments, individuals compete for resources and form home-ranges, with only risk-tolerant individuals using habitat edges. Results show that when risk-tolerant individuals exist, small patches increase species diversity. A strong peak occurs at approximately 20% habitat cover in small patches when those small habitats are only used for foraging but not for breeding and home-range core position. Additional usage as stepping stones for juvenile dispersal further increases species persistence. Over-all, our results reveal that a combination of a few large and several small habitat patches promotes biodiversity by enhancing land-scape heterogeneity. Here, heterogeneity is created by pronounced differences in habitat functionality, increasing edge density, and variability in habitat use by different behavioral types. The finding that a combination of single large AND several small (SLASS) patches is needed for effective biodiversity preservation has implications for advancing landscape conservation. Particularly in struc-turally poor agricultural areas, modern technology enables precise management with the opportunity to create small foraging habitats by excluding less profitable agricultural land from cultivation. KW - SLOSS KW - fragmentation KW - heterogeneity KW - community KW - coexistence KW - coviability KW - competition KW - home-ranges KW - inter-individual difference KW - personality Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.09.004 SN - 1439-1791 SN - 1618-0089 VL - 65 SP - 16 EP - 27 PB - Elsevier CY - München ER -