TY - JOUR A1 - Snijman, Deirdre A. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander T1 - The genus Pauridia (Hypoxidaceae) amplified to include Hypoxis sect. Ianthe, Saniella and Spiloxene, with revised nomenclature and typification JF - Phytotaxa : a rapid international journal for accelerating the publication of botanical taxonomy N2 - Recent phylogenetic analyses show that the species of the southern African genera Pauridia, Saniella and Spiloxene and the Australian, Tasmanian and New Zealand Hypoxis sect. Ianthe form a highly supported, monophyletic clade. In keeping with earlier suggestions that these taxa doubtfully warrant separate status, and to avoid the recognition of Hypoxis and Spiloxene as paraphyletic, we expand the circumscription of Pauridia to include Saniella, Spiloxene and Hypoxis sect. Ianthe. As a result 33 new combinations at specific and infraspecific level are proposed and one epitype, two neotypes and 30 lectotypes are newly designated. Three basionyms, of which Linnaeus, Linnaeus filius and Lamarck are the authors, are also typified (Amaryllis capensis, Hypoxis aquatica, and Hypoxis pumila). KW - Hypoxidaceae KW - Hypoxis KW - new combination KW - Pauridia KW - Saniella KW - Spiloxene KW - taxonomy KW - typification Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.116.1.2 SN - 1179-3155 VL - 116 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 33 PB - Magnolia Press CY - Auckland ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pereus, D. A1 - Otieno, J. N. A1 - Ghorbani, Abdolbaset A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Hilonga, S. A1 - de Boer, H. J. T1 - Diversity of Hypoxis species used in ethnomedicine in Tanzania JF - South African journal of botany : an international interdisciplinary journal for botanical sciences N2 - The corms of different Hypoxis species (Hypoxidaceae) are used for the treatment and management of a variety of human ailments and disorders in African traditional medicine. However, the used corms are morphologically similar and it is not known whether this has resulted in different species being harvested, prescribed and sold as the same species. Ethnomedicinal information regarding its use in Tanzania is scanty and the available ethnobotanical information about the plants is mostly from various studies done outside Tanzania. The objective of the study was to document the diverse uses of Hypoxis in Tanzania and study what species are used and whether preferences exist for specific species. Focus group discussions and in depth interviews with informants were done in 15 regions of Tanzania to document local uses of Hypoxis species and collect vouchers for identification. Traditional practitioners use Hypoxis to manage a variety of human illness in Tanzania, and appear to use different species indiscriminately for medicine, socio-cultural applications and for food. Medicinal uses include treatment of benign prostate hypertrophy, cancer, diabetes, gout, headache, HIV/AIDS, infertility, ringworms, stomachache, and urinary tract infections. In Tanzania, different Hypoxis species are used indiscriminately for a range of sociocultural and medicinal purposes. The reported medicinal uses could aid testing and evaluation of traditional herbal medicine and more research is needed to test their pharmacological effects. (C) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Corms KW - Ethnobotany KW - Hypoxis KW - Tanzania KW - Traditional medicine Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.03.004 SN - 0254-6299 SN - 1727-9321 VL - 122 SP - 336 EP - 341 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pedersen, Henrik AE. A1 - Watthana, Santi A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Srimuang, Kanok-orn T1 - Pollination biology of Luisia curtisii (Orchidaceae) indications of a deceptive system operated by beetles JF - Plant systematics and evolution N2 - A population of Luisia curtisii (Orchidaceae: Aeridinae) in northern Thailand was studied with regard to pollination biology. Although a high level of self-compatibility was demonstrated experimentally, the very low natural fruit set (1.4-1.9 %) clearly indicated that the species depends on external agents for pollination. Our observations suggest that L. curtisii is pollinated by beetles, as Lema unicolor (Chrysomelidae) and Clinteria ducalis (Scarabaeidae) were the only flower visitors observed to carry pollinaria of this species. The hypothesis of specialised cantharophily is further supported by 2-methylbutyric acid and caproic acid being striking components of the floral scent. Judging from the lack of nectar and the behaviour of visiting beetles, the pollination system seems to rely on food or brood site deception. Retention of the anther on the pollinarium for some time after pollinarium removal probably reduces the frequency of insect-mediated autogamy and geitonogamy in Luisia curtisii-a possibility that was supported by comparative data on (1) the anther retention time and inflorescence visitation time of Lema unicolor and (2) stigma and anther length in the orchid. Existing reports of specialised beetle pollination in orchids are reviewed, and we conclude that there is accumulating evidence that specialised cantharophily is more common in the Orchidaceae than previously assumed. KW - Allogamy KW - Anther retention KW - Cantharophily KW - Floral scent KW - Fruit set KW - Outcrossing Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-012-0713-6 SN - 0378-2697 VL - 299 IS - 1 SP - 177 EP - 185 PB - Springer CY - Wien ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lumaga, Maria Rosaria Barone A1 - Cozzolino, Salvatore A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Menale, Bruno A1 - Rudall, Paula J. T1 - Exine micromorphology and ultrastructure in Neottieae (Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) JF - Plant systematics and evolution N2 - The diverse epidendroid orchid tribe Neottieae is characterized by multiple transitions between autotrophy and mycoheterotrophy, allogamous and autogamous mating systems, pollen released as tetrads or monads, and pollen exine tectate or semitectate. We use transmission and scanning electron microscopy on pollen of ten species of Neottieae to investigate whether the differences in pollen aggregation and exine micromorphology and ultrastructure reflect phylogenetic relationships, or whether this variation is subject to ecological constraints. Our results showed that differences in exine micromorphology are mostly concordant with phylogenetic relationships in Neottieae, i.e. an ascending tendency of pollen ornamentation from tectate (Cephalanthera) to semitectate (e.g. Neottia). In contrast, pollen aggregation, when plotted on the most recent phylogeny, shows repeated transitions between monads and tetrads that could be related to ecological constraints. Tetrads are present in species that are nectar rewarding, whereas monads are common in deceptive species. Cephalanthera is characterized by recalcitrant pollen, including the frequent occurrence of collapsed pollen. In this genus, the observed shifts from allogamous to autogamous or cleistogamous mating systems could help to reduce pollen damage caused by exposure to dry habitats. KW - Mating system KW - Monads KW - Neottieae KW - Pollenkitt KW - Tetrads KW - Ulcerate pollen Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-013-0899-2 SN - 0378-2697 SN - 1615-6110 VL - 300 IS - 3 SP - 505 EP - 515 PB - Springer CY - Wien ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kumar, Pankaj A1 - Gale, Stephan W. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Fischer, Gunter A. A1 - Averyanov, Leonid A1 - Borosova, Renata A1 - Bhattacharjee, Avishek A1 - Li, Ji-Hong A1 - Pang, Kuen Shum T1 - Gastrochilus kadooriei (Orchidaceae), a new species from Hong Kong, with notes on allied taxa in section Microphyllae found in the region JF - Phytotaxa : a rapid international journal for accelerating the publication of botanical taxonomy N2 - A new species, Gastrochilus kadooriei, is described from Hong Kong. Notes are presented on its distribution, ecology and conservation status, and its distinguishing features are compared with those of allied taxa. Gastrochilus jeitouensis is reduced to the synonymy of G. distichus, and a lectotype is assigned for G. pseudodistichus. Gastrochilus fuscopunctatus is reinstated as an accepted species. Dichotomous keys to this taxonomically difficult group of morphologically similar species are presented. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1179-3155 SN - 1179-3163 VL - 164 IS - 2 SP - 91 EP - 103 PB - Magnolia Press CY - Auckland ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Wiland-Szymanska, Justyna T1 - A new name and a new combination for Friedmannia nom. illeg. (Hypoxidaceae) T2 - Phytotaxa : a rapid international journal for accelerating the publication of botanical taxonomy N2 - Recently, Kocyan & Wiland-Szymańska (2016) have published a thorough research article on one of the outstanding members of the family Hypoxidaceae on the Seychelles, which resulted in the raise of a new genus (Friedmannia Kocyan & Wiland-Szymańska 2016: 60) to accommodate the former Curculigo seychellensis Bojer ex Baker (1877: 368). However, it has turned out that the name Friedmannia Chantanachat & Bold (1962: 45) already exists in literature for a green alga, which renders the new hypoxid genus illegitimate (Melbourne Code; McNeill et al. 2012). Therefore, we assign a new generic epithet to Curculigo seychellensis. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.291.3.10 SN - 1179-3155 SN - 1179-3163 VL - 291 IS - 3 SP - 239 EP - 239 PB - Magnolia Press CY - Auckland ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Wiland-Szymanska, Justyna T1 - Friedmannia: a new genus from the Seychelles and the beginning of a generic realignment of Curculigo (Hypoxidaceae) JF - Phytotaxa : a rapid international journal for accelerating the publication of botanical taxonomy N2 - Recent molecular phylogenetic reconstruction of the monocot Hypoxidaceae implies that the genus Curculigo is non-monophyletic. Curculigo seychellensis occurs on the Seychelles islands and is part of an isolated though geographically well-defined clade. However, Curculigo seychellensis differs in a wide range of character-states from other species of Curculigo and from the genus Hypoxidia, representing the sister clade of C. seychellensis. Therefore, we here propose a new-though monotypic-genus, endemic to the Seychelles: Friedmannia. A detailed reasoning combined with a whole set of new data is presented. A neotype for the genus and the species is designated here. KW - Curculigo KW - Asparagales KW - neotypification KW - taxonomy Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.283.1.3 SN - 1179-3155 SN - 1179-3163 VL - 283 SP - 54 EP - 64 PB - Magnolia Press CY - Auckland ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Snijman, Deirdre A. A1 - Forest, Felix A1 - Devey, Dion S. A1 - Freudenstein, John V. A1 - Wiland-Szymanska, Justyna A1 - Chase, Mark W. A1 - Rudall, Paula J. T1 - Molecular phylogenetics of Hypoxidaceae - Evidence from plastid DNA data and inferences on morphology and biogeography JF - Molecular phylogenetics and evolution N2 - Phylogenetic relationships of the monocot family Hypoxidaceae (Asparagales), which occurs mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, were reconstructed using four plastid DNA regions (rbcL, trnL intron, trnL-F intergenic spacer, and trnS-G intergenic spacer) for 56 ingroup taxa including all currently accepted genera and seven species of the closely related families Asteliaceae, Blandfordiaceae, and Lanariaceae. Data were analyzed by applying parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The intergenic spacer trnS-G - only rarely used in monocot research - contributed a substantial number of potentially parsimony informative characters. Hypoxidaceae consist of three well-supported major clades, but their interrelationships remain unresolved. Our data indicate that in the Pauridia clade one long-distance dispersal event occurred from southern Africa to Australia. Long-distance dispersal scenarios may also be likely for the current distribution of Hypoxis, which occurs on four continents. In the Curculigo clade, the present distribution of Curculigo s.s. on four continents could support a Gondwanan origin, but the level of divergence is too low for this hypothesis to be likely. The main clades correspond well with some floral characters, habit and palynological data, whereas chromosomal data exhibit plasticity and probably result from polyploidization and subsequent dysploidy and/or aneuploidy. Evolutionary flexibility is also suggested by the number of reported pollination syndromes: melittophily, myophily, sapromyophily, and cantharophily. Based on our phylogenetic results, we suggest cautious nomenclatural reorganization to generate monophyly at the generic level. KW - Asparagales KW - Phylogenetics KW - Biogeography KW - Character evolution KW - Pollination syndromes KW - trnS-G spacer Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.021 SN - 1055-7903 VL - 60 IS - 1 SP - 122 EP - 136 PB - Elsevier CY - San Diego ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Schuiteman, Andre T1 - New combinations in Aeridinae (Orchidaceae) JF - Phytotaxa : a rapid international journal for accelerating the publication of botanical taxonomy N2 - New combinations are made in the genera Arachnis, Brachypeza, Dimorphorchis, Grosourdya, Phalaenopsis, Renanthera, Robiquetia, Taeniophyllum, Thrixspermum, Trachoma and Trichoglottis. Two new subgenera are established in Phalaenopsis (subgen. Ornithochilus and Hygrochilus). These changes are proposed to begin aligning the genera recognized in subtribe Aeridinae with results of recent DNA analyses ( published elsewhere). Y1 - 2014 SN - 1179-3155 SN - 1179-3163 VL - 161 IS - 1 SP - 61 EP - 85 PB - Magnolia Press CY - Auckland ER - TY - THES A1 - Kocyan, Alexander T1 - Evolution within the speciose plant group of asparagales BT - insights from molecular and morphological data Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hilonga, S. A1 - Otieno, Joseph N. A1 - Ghorbani, Abdolbaset A1 - Pereus, D. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - de Boer, H. T1 - Trade of wild-harvested medicinal plant species in local markets of Tanzania and its implications for conservation JF - South African journal of botany : an international interdisciplinary journal for botanical sciences N2 - In Tanzania, about 10% of the reported 12,000 species of higher plants are estimated to be used as medicine for treating different human health problems. Most of the medicinal plants are collected from wild populations, but their trade and quantities are not properly recorded. Monitoring of trade in wild-harvested medicinal plants is challenging asmostmaterials are traded in various processed forms and most vendors practice informal trade. Yet, monitoring is important for conservation and sustainability. This study aims to assess the trade of wild-harvested medicinal plant species in local markets of Tanzania and its implications for conservation. Semi-structured interviews were used to record frequency, volume of trade and uses of wild-harvested medicinal plants in Arusha, Dodoma, Mbeya, Morogoro and Mwanza regions. Relative frequency of citation and informant consensus factor were calculated for each species and mentioned use category. Forty vendors were interviewed, and 400 out of 522 collected market samples were identified to 162 species from herbarium-deposited collections. Plant parts with the largest volume of trade were roots (3818 kg), bark (1163 kg) and leaves (492 kg). The most frequently traded species were Zanthoxylum chalybaeum Engl., Albizia anthelmintica Brongn., Zanha africana (Radlk.) Exell, Warburgia stuhlmannii and Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. The most popular medicinal plants in the markets are connected to local health problems including malaria, libido disorders or infertility. The high diversity of commercialized plants used for medicinal issues mainly relies on wild stock for local consumption and international trade, and this has significant implications for conservation concerns. (C) 2018 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. KW - Ethnobotany KW - Medicinal plants KW - Tanzania KW - Trade chain Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2018.08.012 SN - 0254-6299 SN - 1727-9321 VL - 122 SP - 214 EP - 224 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Geiger, Daniel L. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander T1 - Studies on Oberonia 3. Aberrant flowers and other floral modifications in the orchid genus Oberonia JF - Nordic Journal of botany N2 - Orchid flowers are amongst the most conspicuous attractions that plants have generated over evolutionary epochs. However, organ homology in particular of androecium and gynoecium of orchid flowers have been, and are still, the subject of long-term discussion. Studies of aberrant - teratologic - flowers have traditionally helped to clarify organ identity in orchids. We here present for the first time teratological flowers within the florally smallest and inconspicuous orchid genus Oberonia and illustrate them by light and scanning electron microscopy. Pseudopeloria with half of a lateral petal transformed into a lip was found in O. costeriana J.J.Sm. and O. mucronata (D.Don) Ormerod & Seidenf. A supernumerary lip is known from O. mucronata. Oberonia rufilabris Lindl. is documented with multiple aberrations: triple gynostemium and a total of 10 tepals, twin flowers, and duplicate lips. We interpret these aberrations in light of known floral developmental and organ identity information. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01699 SN - 0107-055X SN - 1756-1051 VL - 36 IS - 1-2 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gardiner, Lauren M. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander A1 - Motes, Martin A1 - Roberts, David L. A1 - Emerson, Brent C. T1 - Molecular phylogenetics of Vanda and related genera (Orchidaceae) JF - Botanical journal of the Linnean Society N2 - The genus Vanda and its affiliated taxa are a diverse group of horticulturally important species of orchids occurring mainly in South-East Asia, for which generic limits are poorly defined. Here, we present a molecular study using sequence data from three plastid DNA regions. It is shown that Vanda s.l. forms a clade containing approximately 73 species, including the previously accepted genera Ascocentrum, Euanthe, Christensonia, Neofinetia and Trudelia, and the species Aerides flabellata. Resolution of the phylogenetic relationships of species in Vanda s.l. is relatively poor, but existing morphological classifications for Vanda are incongruent with the results produced. Some novel species relationships are revealed, and a new morphological sectional classification is proposed based on support for these groupings and corresponding morphological characters shared by taxa and their geographical distributions. The putative occurrence of multiple pollination syndromes in this group of taxa, combined with complex biogeographical history of the South-East Asian region, is discussed in the context of these results.(c) 2013 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 173, 549-572. KW - Aeridinae KW - Ascocentrum KW - classification KW - Euanthe KW - matK KW - morphology KW - Neofinetia KW - psbA-trnH KW - trnL KW - trnL-F Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12102 SN - 0024-4074 SN - 1095-8339 VL - 173 IS - 4 SP - 549 EP - 572 PB - Wiley-Blackwell CY - Hoboken ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Beenken, Ludwig A1 - Sainge, Moses N. A1 - Kocyan, Alexander T1 - Lactarius megalopterus, a new angiocarpous species from a tropical rainforest in Central Africa, shows adaptations to endozoochorous spore dispersal JF - Mycological progress : international journal of the German Mycological Society N2 - A new sequestrate Lactarius species was found in a humid evergreen tropical rainforest dominated by Fabaceae of the subfamily Caesalpinioideae in Cameroon, Central Africa. It is described here as new to science and is named Lactarius megalopterus, referring to its spore ornamentation of extraordinarily high wings. Anatomical characters and molecular systematic analyses confirm its relationship to Lactarius subgenus Plinthogali. Phylogenetic analyses based on two nuclear DNA regions revealed its close relationship to Lactarius angiocarpus, which is also an angiocarpous species from Zambia in Africa. Molecular studies have shown that tuber-like, sequestrate sporocarps evolved independently in several lineages of Basidiomycota. The findings of sequestrate fungi in tropical rainforests raise questions regarding the evolutionary benefit of enclosing the spore-producing hymenium. The enclosure of spore-producing tissue has often been associated with the protection of the delicate hymenium against desiccation in arid habitats or against frost in cold habitats. However, these cannot be the selective factors in warm and humid areas like the tropics. This controversy is exemplarily studied and discussed in the family of Russulaceae, especially in the genus Lactarius. Characters shown by the angiocarpous sporocarp of the new Lactarius, such as thick-walled statismospores, an aromatic smell and mild taste, can be interpreted as adaptations to endozoochorous spore dispersal by mammals. Therefore, here we prefer the alternative hypothesis that sequestrate sporocarps are the result of adaptation to endozoochorous spore dispersal. KW - Russulaceae KW - Lactarius subgenus Plinthogali KW - Mycophagy KW - Endozoochory syndrome KW - Cameroon Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-016-1198-4 SN - 1617-416X SN - 1861-8952 VL - 15 SP - 158 EP - 173 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER -