TY - JOUR A1 - Böhm, Verónica Julia A1 - Hennemann, Anja T1 - The Spanish imperfecto as a construal form for the conceptualization of state of affairs in journalistic texts N2 - This study adopts a cognitive approach to the analysis of the use of the Spanish imperfecto as a construal form for the conceptualization of state of affairs in certain journalistic texts. In doing so, the main focus of the study is to investigate cognitive processes like modalization and subjectivization, which are related to the speaker’s standpoint and to his subjective, not grammatically motivated, decision to use the imperfective instead of the perfective form. By the help of the corpus programmes GlossaNet and CREA (corpus of the Real Academia Española) we analyze the imperfective use of some Spanish verbs, which are semantically perfective in nature so that the normative use would require a perfective form. In other words, we investigate how the speaker/journalist construes a reality or situation to be expressed by means of the imperfecto and show that this use of the imperfect is typical for journalistic discourse. KW - cognitive grammar KW - Spanish imperfect KW - modalization KW - subjectivization Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-416094 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brendel, Heiko T1 - ‘Hasty observations’? BT - Geographical field research and intercultural encounters in the Austro- Hungarian occupied Western Balkans, 1916–1918 T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Philosophische Reihe N2 - This article examines geographical field research in Albania and Montenegro under Austro-Hungarian occupation, which lasted from 1916 to 1918. It focusses on one of the most important German-speaking geographers of the early 20 th century, Eugen Oberhummer (1859–1944), a pupil of Friedrich Ratzel, the founder of German geo-politics. In 1917 and 1918, Oberhummer went on two expeditions to Montenegro and Albania during the First World War. He already had travelled in four continents and vaguely knew the Western Balkans from an expedition in 1907. It will be argued that the actual situation in Albania and Montenegro did not alter, but did rather reinforce Oberhummer’s attitudes and opinions on the ‘other’ he encountered. Thus, the two war expeditions – Oberhummer primarily met high-ranking Austro-Hungarian officials and only few locals – confirmed his expectations basing on his ‘Ratzelian’ theoretical conceptions. It will further be argued that – in contrast to the much younger and less experienced ‘scholars-at-arms’ of the expedition of 1916 – war and violence were of secondary relevance for the well-travelled and renowned professor of geography in his late 50s. Neither in Oberhummer’s articles nor in his diaries the war and the occupation of Albania and Montenegro made up an important part. In Oberhummer’s ‘Ratzelian’ view, humans could not change or over-come the basic features of geography, as humans were clearly subordinated to the elemental forces of geography. People, over generations, adapted to geography, not the other way round. The on-going First World War was an opportunity for Oberhummer to travel to Albania and Montenegro, but the guerrilla warfare in large parts of Montenegro, the violence against the civilian population, and the fighting at the Albanian front were of secondary relevance and interest for him. Nevertheless, what Oberhummer observed offers great insights into the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Montenegro and Albania from the perspective of a renowned and – given the general circumstances – pleasantly relaxed Ratzelian geographer at the height of his academic career. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe - 166 KW - Albania KW - Montenegro KW - Austro-Hungarian occupation 1916–1918 KW - geographical field research KW - Eugen Oberhummer KW - Friedrich Ratzel Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-435000 SN - 1866-8380 IS - 166 SP - 184 EP - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kurz, Verena A1 - Orland, Andreas A1 - Posadzy, Kinga T1 - Fairness versus efficiency BT - how procedural fairness concerns affect coordination T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - We investigate in a laboratory experiment whether procedural fairness concerns affect how well individuals are able to solve a coordination problem in a two-player Volunteer's Dilemma. Subjects receive external action recommendations, either to volunteer or to abstain from it, in order to facilitate coordination and improve efficiency. We manipulate the fairness of the recommendation procedure by varying the probabilities of receiving the disadvantageous recommendation to volunteer between players. We find evidence that while recommendations improve overall efficiency regardless of their implications for expected payoffs, there are behavioural asymmetries depending on the recommendation: advantageous recommendations are followed less frequently than disadvantageous ones and beliefs about others' actions are more pessimistic in the treatment with recommendations inducing unequal expected payoffs. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Reihe - 117 KW - coordination KW - correlated equilibrium KW - recommendations KW - procedural fairness KW - volunteer’s dilemma KW - experiment Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-432611 SN - 1867-5808 IS - 117 SP - 601 EP - 626 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuchs, Matthias A1 - Grosse, Guido A1 - Strauss, Jens A1 - Günther, Frank A1 - Grigoriev, Mikhail N. A1 - Maximov, Georgy M. A1 - Hugelius, Gustaf T1 - Carbon and nitrogen pools in thermokarst-affected permafrost landscapes in Arctic Siberia T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Ice-rich yedoma-dominated landscapes store con- siderable amounts of organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and are vulnerable to degradation under climate warming. We investigate the C and N pools in two thermokarst-affected yedoma landscapes – on Sobo-Sise Island and on Bykovsky Peninsula in the north of eastern Siberia. Soil cores up to 3 m depth were collected along geomorphic gradients and anal- ysed for organic C and N contents. A high vertical sampling density in the profiles allowed the calculation of C and N stocks for short soil column intervals and enhanced under- standing of within-core parameter variability. Profile-level C and N stocks were scaled to the landscape level based on landform classifications from 5 m resolution, multispectral RapidEye satellite imagery. Mean landscape C and N storage in the first metre of soil for Sobo-Sise Island is estimated to be 20.2 kg C m −2 and 1.8 kg N m −2 and for Bykovsky Penin- sula 25.9 kg C m −2 and 2.2 kg N m −2 . Radiocarbon dating demonstrates the Holocene age of thermokarst basin de- posits but also suggests the presence of thick Holocene- age cover layers which can reach up to 2 m on top of in- tact yedoma landforms. Reconstructed sedimentation rates of 0.10–0.57 mm yr −1 suggest sustained mineral soil accu- mulation across all investigated landforms. Both yedoma and thermokarst landforms are characterized by limited accumu- lation of organic soil layers (peat). We further estimate that an active layer deepening of about 100 cm will increase organic C availability in a sea- sonally thawed state in the two study areas by ∼ 5.8 Tg (13.2 kg C m −2 ). Our study demonstrates the importance of increasing the number of C and N storage inventories in ice- rich yedoma and thermokarst environments in order to ac- count for high variability of permafrost and thermokarst en- vironments in pan-permafrost soil C and N pool estimates. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 654 KW - soil organic-carbon KW - Lena River Delta KW - ice-rich permafrost KW - thaw-lake basins KW - climate-change KW - northern Siberia KW - Late Quaternary KW - periglacial landscape KW - Tundra ecosystem KW - Yedoma region Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-418026 SN - 1866-8372 VL - 15 IS - 654 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kraft, Frederik T1 - Be Creative, Now! T1 - Sei jetzt kreativ! BT - The Paradox of Freedom in Organizations BT - Das Paradoxon der Freiheit in Organisationen N2 - Purpose – This thesis set out to explore, describe, and evaluate the reality behind the rhetoric of freedom and control in the context of creativity. The overarching subject is concerned with the relationship between creativity, freedom, and control, considering freedom is also seen as an element of control to manage creativity. Design/methodology/approach – In-depth qualitative data gathered from at two innovative start-ups. Two ethnographic studies were conducted. The data are based on participatory observations, interviews, and secondary sources, each of which included a three months field study and a total of 41 interviews from both organizations. Findings – The thesis provides explanations for the practice of freedom and the control of creativity within organizations and expands the existing theory of neo-normative control. The findings indicate that organizations use complex control systems that allow a high degree of freedom that paradoxically leads to more control. Freedom is a cover of control, which in turn leads to creativity. Covert control even results in the responsibility to be creative outside working hours. Practical implications – Organizations, which rely on creativity might use the results of this thesis. Positive workplace control of creativity provides both freedom and structure for creative work. While freedom leads to organizational members being more motivated and committing themselves more strongly to their and the organization’s goals, and a specific structure also helps to provide the requirements for creativity. Originality/value – The thesis provides an insight into an approach to workplace control, which has mostly neglected in creativity research and proposes a modified concept of neo-normative control. It serves to provide a further understanding of freedom for creativity and to challenge the liberal claims of new control forms. N2 - Relevanz – Diese Dissertation hat das Ziel zu erforschen, zu beschreiben und zu bewerten, wie Freiheit als Kontrollform für Kreativität in Organisationen instrumentalisiert werden kann. Die Arbeit untersucht das Verhältnis von Kreativität, Freiheit und Kontrolle. Dabei wird Freiheit auch als eine Form der Kontrolle zur Einflussnahme auf Kreativität gesehen. Methode – Ausführliche qualitative Daten wurden in jeweils dreimonatigen Feldstudien, in zwei innovativen Start-ups erhoben. Für die beiden ethnographischen Studien wurden insgesamt 41 Interviews geführt. Ergänzt wurden die Daten aus den Interviews durch Feldbeobachtungen und Sekundärquellen. Resultate – Die Dissertation liefert Erklärungen für die Instrumentalisierung von Freiheit um Kreativität zu kontrollieren und erweitert die bestehende Theorie der neo-normativen Kontrolle. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Organisationen komplexe Kontrollsysteme einsetzen, die einen hohen Freiheitsgrad erlauben, der paradoxerweise zu mehr Kontrolle führt. Freiheit wird dadurch zu einer verdeckten Kontrolle, die wiederum zu mehr Kreativität führt. Diese verdeckte Kontrolle kann sogar zu der Verantwortung führen, außerhalb der Arbeitszeit kreativ sein zu müssen. Implikationen – Die Ergebnisse sind relevant für Organisationen die Kreativität brauchen. Eine kreativitätsunterstützende Kontrolle bietet sowohl Freiheit, als auch Struktur. Die Freiheit führt dazu, dass die Mitglieder der Organisation motivierter sind und sich stärker für ihre und die Ziele der Organisation engagieren. Eine spezifische Struktur hilft, die Voraussetzungen für Kreativität zu schaffen und die Mitarbeiter zu entlasten, indem ihre Arbeitszeit reguliert wird. Originalität – Die Dissertation gibt einen neuartigen Einblick in die Arbeitsplatzkontrolle, die in der Kreativitätsforschung meist vernachlässigt wurde und ein modifiziertes Konzept der neo-normativen Kontrolle vorschlägt. Die Forschungsarbeit dient dazu, ein breiteres Verständnis für die Wechselbeziehung von Freiheit und Kreativität zu schaffen und stellt gleichzeitig die liberalen Ansprüche neuer Kontrollformen in Frage. KW - Kreativität KW - Freiheit KW - Neo-normative Kontrolle KW - Organisationen KW - creativity KW - freedom KW - neo-normative control KW - organization Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-414009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzler, Joseph G. A1 - Pinzone, Marianna A1 - Autenrieth, Marijke A1 - van Neer, Abbo A1 - IJsseldijk, Lonneke L. A1 - Barber, Jonathan L. A1 - Deaville, Rob A1 - Jepson, Paul A1 - Brownlow, Andrew A1 - Schaffeld, Tobias A1 - Thomé, Jean-Pierre A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Das, Krishna A1 - Siebert, Ursula T1 - Inter-individual differences in contamination profiles as tracer of social group association in stranded sperm whales T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Ecological and physiological factors lead to different contamination patterns in individual marine mammals. The objective of the present study was to assess whether variations in contamination profiles are indicative of social structures of young male sperm whales as they might reflect a variation in feeding preferences and/or in utilized feeding grounds. We used a total of 61 variables associated with organic compounds and trace element concentrations measured in muscle, liver, kidney and blubber gained from 24 sperm whales that stranded in the North Sea in January and February 2016. Combining contaminant and genetic data, there is evidence for at least two cohorts with different origin among these stranded sperm whales; one from the Canary Island region and one from the northern part of the Atlantic. While genetic data unravel relatedness and kinship, contamination data integrate over areas, where animals occured during their lifetime. Especially in long-lived animals with a large migratory potential, as sperm whales, contamination data may carry highly relevant information about aggregation through time and space. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 692 KW - porpoises phococena-phococena KW - North-sea KW - physeter-macrocephalus KW - Galapagos-Islands KW - harbor porpoises KW - cetacean strandings KW - aggregations KW - pollutants KW - behavior KW - mammals Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426525 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 692 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scherer, Ulrike A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Schlupp, Ingo T1 - Male size, not female preferences influence female reproductive success in a poeciliid fish (Poecilia latipinna) BT - a combined behavioural/genetic approach T2 - BMC Research Notes N2 - Objective We investigated the potential role of indirect benefits for female mate preferences in a highly promiscuous species of live-bearing fishes, the sailfin molly Poecilia latipinna using an integrative approach that combines methods from animal behavior, life-history evolution, and genetics. Males of this species solely contribute sperm for reproduction, and consequently females do not receive any direct benefits. Despite this, females typically show clear mate preferences. It has been suggested that females can increase their reproductive success through indirect benefits from choosing males of higher quality. Results Although preferences for large body size have been recorded as an honest signal for genetic quality, this particular study resulted in female preference being unaffected by male body size. Nonetheless, larger males did sire more offspring, but with no effect on offspring quality. This study presents a methodical innovation by combining preference testing with life history measurements—such as the determination of the dry weight of fish embryos—and paternity analyses on single fish embryos. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 468 KW - Fitness KW - Life history KW - Mate choice KW - Microsatellite analysis KW - Offspring weight KW - Paternity analysis KW - Sailfin molly KW - Sexual selection Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-417471 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schedina, Ina Maria A1 - Groth, Detlef A1 - Schlupp, Ingo A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - The gonadal transcriptome of the unisexual Amazon molly Poecilia formosa in comparison to its sexual ancestors, Poecilia mexicana and Poecilia latipinna N2 - Abstract Background The unisexual Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a hybridization between two sexual species, the sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna) and the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana). The Amazon molly reproduces clonally via sperm-dependent parthenogenesis (gynogenesis), in which the sperm of closely related species triggers embryogenesis of the apomictic oocytes, but typically does not contribute genetic material to the next generation. We compare for the first time the gonadal transcriptome of the Amazon molly to those of both ancestral species, P. mexicana and P. latipinna. Results We sequenced the gonadal transcriptomes of the P. formosa and its parental species P. mexicana and P. latipinna using Illumina RNA-sequencing techniques (paired-end, 100 bp). De novo assembly of about 50 million raw read pairs for each species was performed using Trinity, yielding 106,922 transcripts for P. formosa, 115,175 for P. latipinna, and 133,025 for P. mexicana after eliminating contaminations. On the basis of sequence similarity comparisons to other teleost species and the UniProt databases, functional annotation, and differential expression analysis, we demonstrate the similarity of the transcriptomes among the three species. More than 40% of the transcripts for each species were functionally annotated and about 70% were assigned to orthologous genes of a closely related species. Differential expression analysis between the sexual and unisexual species uncovered 2035 up-regulated and 564 down-regulated genes in P. formosa. This was exemplary validated for six genes by qRT-PCR. Conclusions We identified more than 130 genes related to meiosis and reproduction within the apomictically reproducing P. formosa. Overall expression of these genes seems to be down-regulated in the P. formosa transcriptome compared to both ancestral species (i.e., 106 genes down-regulated, 29 up-regulated). A further 35 meiosis and reproduction related genes were not found in the P. formosa transcriptome, but were only expressed in the sexual species. Our data support the hypothesis of general down-regulation of meiosis-related genes in the apomictic Amazon molly. Furthermore, the obtained dataset and identified gene catalog will serve as a resource for future research on the molecular mechanisms behind the reproductive mode of this unisexual species. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 412 KW - Differential gene expression KW - Gynogenesis KW - Hybrid speciation KW - Meiosis KW - Poecilia formosa KW - Poecilia latipinna KW - Poecilia mexicana Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-409299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fliesser, Michael A1 - De Witt Huberts, Jessie A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria T1 - The choice that matters: the relative influence of socioeconomic status indicators on chronic back pain BT - a longitudinal study T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Background In health research, indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) are often used interchangeably and often lack theoretical foundation. This makes it difficult to compare results from different studies and to explore the relationship between SES and health outcomes. To aid researchers in choosing appropriate indicators of SES, this article proposes and tests a theory-based selection of SES indicators using chronic back pain as a health outcome. Methods Strength of relationship predictions were made using Brunner & Marmot’s model of ‘social determinants of health’. Subsequently, a longitudinal study was conducted with 66 patients receiving in-patient treatment for chronic back pain. Sociodemographic variables, four SES indicators (education, job position, income, multidimensional index) and back pain intensity and disability were obtained at baseline. Both pain dimensions were assessed again 6 months later. Using linear regression, the predictive strength of each SES indicator on pain intensity and disability was estimated and compared to the theory based prediction. Results Chronic back pain intensity was best predicted by the multidimensional index (beta = 0.31, p < 0.05), followed by job position (beta = 0.29, p < 0.05) and education (beta = −0.29, p < 0.05); whereas, income exerted no significant influence. Back pain disability was predicted strongest by education (beta = −0.30, p < 0.05) and job position (beta = 0.29, p < 0.05). Here, multidimensional index and income had no significant influence. Conclusions The choice of SES indicators influences predictive power on both back pain dimensions, suggesting SES predictors cannot be used interchangeably. Therefore, researchers should carefully consider prior to each study which SES indicator to use. The introduced framework can be valuable in supporting this decision because it allows for a stable prediction of SES indicator influence and their hierarchy on a specific health outcomes. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 377 KW - Socioeconomic status KW - Indicators of socioeconomic status, Health inequality KW - Education KW - Job position KW - Income KW - Chronic back pain Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-407422 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 377 ER - TY - THES A1 - Villatoro Leal, José Andrés T1 - A combined approach for the analysis of biomolecules using IR-MALDI ion mobility spectrometry and molecular dynamics simulations of peptide ions in the gas phase T1 - Kombinierter Einsatz von IR-MALDI Ionenmobilitätsspektrometrie und Simulationen der Molekulardynamik von Peptidionen in der Gasphase zur Analyse von Biomolekülen N2 - The aim of this doctoral thesis was to establish a technique for the analysis of biomolecules with infrared matrix-assisted laser dispersion (IR-MALDI) ion mobility (IM) spectrometry. The main components of the work were the characterization of the IR-MALDI process, the development and characterization of different ion mobility spectrometers, the use of IR-MALDI-IM spectrometry as a robust, standalone spectrometer and the development of a collision cross-section estimation approach for peptides based on molecular dynamics and thermodynamic reweighting. First, the IR-MALDI source was studied with atmospheric pressure ion mobility spectrometry and shadowgraphy. It consisted of a metal capillary, at the tip of which a self-renewing droplet of analyte solution was met by an IR laser beam. A relationship between peak shape, ion desolvation, diffusion and extraction pulse delay time (pulse delay) was established. First order desolvation kinetics were observed and related to peak broadening by diffusion, both influenced by the pulse delay. The transport mechanisms in IR-MALDI were then studied by relating different laser impact positions on the droplet surface to the corresponding ion mobility spectra. Two different transport mechanisms were determined: phase explosion due to the laser pulse and electrical transport due to delayed ion extraction. The velocity of the ions stemming from the phase explosion was then measured by ion mobility and shadowgraphy at different time scales and distances from the source capillary, showing an initially very high but rapidly decaying velocity. Finally, the anatomy of the dispersion plume was observed in detail with shadowgraphy and general conclusions over the process were drawn. Understanding the IR-MALDI process enabled the optimization of the different IM spectrometers at atmospheric and reduced pressure (AP and RP, respectively). At reduced pressure, both an AP and an RP IR-MALDI source were used. The influence of the pulsed ion extraction parameters (pulse delay, width and amplitude) on peak shape, resolution and area was systematically studied in both AP and RP IM spectrometers and discussed in the context of the IR-MALDI process. Under RP conditions, the influence of the closing field and of the pressure was also examined for both AP and RP sources. For the AP ionization RP IM spectrometer, the influence of the inlet field (IF) in the source region was also examined. All of these studies led to the determination of the optimal analytical parameters as well as to a better understanding of the initial ion cloud anatomy. The analytical performance of the spectrometer was then studied. Limits of detection (LOD) and linear ranges were determined under static and pulsed ion injection conditions and interpreted in the context of the IR-MALDI mechanism. Applications in the separation of simple mixtures were also illustrated, demonstrating good isomer separation capabilities and the advantages of singly charged peaks. The possibility to couple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to IR-MALDI-IM spectrometry was also demonstrated. Finally, the reduced pressure spectrometer was used to study the effect of high reduced field strength on the mobility of polyatomic ions in polyatomic gases. The last focus point was on the study of peptide ions. A dataset obtained with electrospray IM spectrometry was characterized and used for the calibration of a collision cross-section (CCS) determination method based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at high temperature. Instead of producing candidate structures which are evaluated one by one, this semi-automated method uses the simulation as a whole to determine a single average collision cross-section value by reweighting the CCS of a few representative structures. The method was compared to the intrinsic size parameter (ISP) method and to experimental results. Additional MD data obtained from the simulations was also used to further analyze the peptides and understand the experimental results, an advantage with regard to the ISP method. Finally, the CCS of peptide ions analyzed by IR-MALDI were also evaluated with both ISP and MD methods and the results compared to experiment, resulting in a first validation of the MD method. Thus, this thesis brings together the soft ionization technique that is IR-MALDI, which produces mostly singly charged peaks, with ion mobility spectrometry, which can distinguish between isomers, and a collision cross-section determination method which also provides structural information on the analyte at hand. N2 - Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Zusammenführung der schonende Ionisationsquelle Infrared Matrix-Assisted Laser Dispersion Ionization (IR-MALDI), der Isomer-diskriminierende Ionenmobilitätsspektrometrie und einer neuartigen, auf Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulationen basierte Berechnungsmethode für Stoßquerschnitte. Der erste Schritt war die Charakterisierung des Flüssigkeitsdispersionsphänomens in IR-MALDI: Zwei verschiedenen Ionentransportmechanismen wurden nachgewiesen und weiter studiert. Die Beziehung zwischen Peakform, Diffusion, Desolvatation und Ionen Extraktionspuls wurde beschrieben. Die Geschwindigkeit der Ionen, die aus dem Dispersionsphänomen stammen, wurde durch Ionenmobilitätsspektrometrie und Shadowgraphie untersucht. Shadowgraphie hat ebenfalls das Verhalten des Dispersionsphänomens erläutert. Eine hohe, schnell abklingende initielle Geschwindigkeit wurde beobachtet. Das Verständnis des IR-MALDI Verfahrens ermöglichte die Optimierung der verschiedenen Ionenmobilität (IM) Spektrometer zum analytischen Zweck. Eine Atmosphärendruck- und zwei Niederdruckvariante von IM Spektrometern wurden mit gepulster Ionenextraktion genutzt. Die Pulsparameter (Pulsverzögerung, ‑breite, -höhe) und verschiedene elektrische Felder an unterschiedlichen Stellen der Spektrometer wurden systematisch variiert. Deren Einfluss auf die Peakauflösung und -fläche wurde untersucht und im Rahmen des IR-MALDI Verfahrens erklärt. Das Verständnis der Anatomie der Anfangsionenwolke wurde ebenfalls durch diese Experimente vertieft. Die analytische Leistungsfähigkeit eines IM-Spektrometers wurde dann untersucht. Nachweisgrenzen und lineare Bereiche wurden bestimmt und in Zusammenhang mit dem IR-MALDI Verfahren interpretiert. Anhand der Trennung von Isomeren und einfachen Mischungen wurde die Anwendung dieser Technik demonstriert und ihre Vorteile, die Detektion einfachgeladener Ionen und die Möglichkeit der HPLC-Kopplung (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), aufgezeigt. Mit dem Niederdruckspektrometer wurde der Einfluss hoher reduzierter Feldstärken auf die Ionenmobilität von polyatomische Ionen in polyatomische Gasen untersucht. Der letzte Schwerpunkt war die Charakterisierung von Peptidionen. Die Peptiden wurden mit Elektrospray (ESI) IM-Spektrometrie vermessen. Der hieraus erhaltene Datensatz diente zur Etablierung einer Stoßquerschnitt Berechnungsmethode mittels MD. Anstatt verschiedener Kandidat-Strukturen und deren Stoßquerschnitte, ergibt diese neuartige semi-automatisierte Methode einen einzigen, gemittelten Stoßquerschnitt. Die MD Methode wurde dann mit einer anderen, einfacheren Methode und mit den experimentellen Ergebnissen von ESI und IR-MALDI-IM Spektrometrie verglichen. Zudem wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen Ladungszustands- und Stoßquerschnittsdifferenzen zwischen den Peptiden untersucht. Weitere Strukturelle Informationen konnten aus den Simulationen extrahiert, und zur Charakterisierung der Peptiden verwendet werden. KW - Ion mobility spectrometry KW - Molecular dynamics KW - IR-MALDI KW - Peptides KW - Shadowgraphy KW - Liquid dispersion KW - Ionenmobilitätsspektrometrie KW - Molekulardynamik KW - Collision cross-section KW - IR-MALDI KW - Peptiden KW - Shadowgraphie KW - Stoßquerschnitt KW - Flüssigkeitszerstäubung Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419723 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria A1 - Wiebking, Christine T1 - Stress and Alterations in the Pain Matrix BT - A Biopsychosocial Perspective on Back Pain and Its Prevention and Treatment T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The genesis of chronic pain is explained by a biopsychosocial model. It hypothesizes an interdependency between environmental and genetic factors provoking aberrant long-term changes in biological and psychological regulatory systems. Physiological effects of psychological and physical stressors may play a crucial role in these maladaptive processes. Specifically, long-term demands on the stress response system may moderate central pain processing and influence descending serotonergic and noradrenergic signals from the brainstem, regulating nociceptive processing at the spinal level. However, the underlying mechanisms of this pathophysiological interplay still remain unclear. This paper aims to shed light on possible pathways between physical (exercise) and psychological stress and the potential neurobiological consequences in the genesis and treatment of chronic pain, highlighting evolving concepts and promising research directions in the treatment of chronic pain. Two treatment forms (exercise and mindfulness-based stress reduction as exemplary therapies), their interaction, and the dose-response will be discussed in more detail, which might pave the way to a better understanding of alterations in the pain matrix and help to develop future prevention and therapeutic concepts T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 438 KW - stress KW - allostatic load KW - relaxation KW - back pain KW - chronic pain KW - physical activity KW - exercise KW - neuroplasticity KW - pain matrix Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-412058 IS - 438 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fliesser, Michael A1 - De Witt Huberts, Jessie A1 - Wippert, Pia-Maria T1 - Education, job position, income or multidimensional indices? BT - Associations between different socioeconomic status indicators and chronic low back pain in a German sample: a longitudinal field study T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Objective: To investigate associations between socioeconomic status (SES) indicators (education, job position, income, multidimensional index) and the genesis of chronic low back pain (CLBP). Design: Longitudinal field study (baseline and 6-month follow-up). Setting: Four medical clinics across Germany. Participants: 352 people were included according to the following criteria: (1) between 18 and 65 years of age, (2) intermittent pain and (3) an understanding of the study and the ability to answer a questionnaire without help. Exclusion criteria were: (1) pregnancy, (2) inability to stand upright, (3) inability to give sick leave information, (4) signs of serious spinal pathology, (5) acute pain in the past 7 days or (6) an incomplete SES indicators questionnaire. Outcome measures: Subjective intensity and disability of CLBP. Results Analysis: showed that job position was the best single predictor of CLBP intensity, followed by a multidimensional index. Education and income had no significant association with intensity. Subjective disability was best predicted by job position, succeeded by the multidimensional index and education, while income again had no significant association. Conclusion: The results showed that SES indicators have different strong associations with the genesis of CLBP and should therefore not be used interchangeably. Job position was found to be the single most important indicator. These results could be helpful in the planning of back pain care programmes, but in general, more research on the relationship between SES and health outcomes is needed. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 437 Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-411970 IS - 437 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mugele, Hendrik A1 - Plummer, Ashley A1 - Baritello, Omar A1 - Towe, Maggie A1 - Brecht, Pia A1 - Mayer, Frank T1 - Accuracy of training recommendations based on a treadmill multistage incremental exercise test T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Competitive runners will occasionally undergo exercise in a laboratory setting to obtain predictive and prescriptive information regarding their performance. The present research aimed to assess whether the physiological demands of lab-based treadmill running (TM) can simulate that of over-ground (OG) running using a commonly used protocol. Fifteen healthy volunteers with a weekly mileage of ≥ 20 km over the past 6 months and treadmill experience participated in this cross-sectional study. Two stepwise incremental tests until volitional exhaustion was performed in a fixed order within one week in an Outpatient Clinic research laboratory and outdoor athletic track. Running velocity (IATspeed), heart rate (IATHR) and lactate concentration at the individual anaerobic threshold (IATbLa) were primary endpoints. Additionally, distance covered (DIST), maximal heart rate (HRmax), maximal blood lactate concentration (bLamax) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at IATspeed were analyzed. IATspeed, DIST and HRmax were not statistically significantly different between conditions, whereas bLamax and RPE at IATspeed showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). Apart from RPE at IATspeed, IATspeed, DIST, HRmax and bLamax strongly correlate between conditions (r = 0.815–0.988). High reliability between conditions provides strong evidence to suggest that running on a treadmill are physiologically comparable to that of OG and that training recommendations and be made with assurance. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 477 KW - individual anaerobic threshold KW - lactate threshold KW - soccer players KW - performance KW - validity KW - reliability KW - runners Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-419697 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 477 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vidal‐García, Marta A1 - Bandara, Lashi A1 - Keogh, J. Scott T1 - ShapeRotator BT - An R tool for standardized rigid rotations of articulated three-dimensional structures with application for geometric morphometrics T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The quantification of complex morphological patterns typically involves comprehensive shape and size analyses, usually obtained by gathering morphological data from all the structures that capture the phenotypic diversity of an organism or object. Articulated structures are a critical component of overall phenotypic diversity, but data gathered from these structures are difficult to incorporate into modern analyses because of the complexities associated with jointly quantifying 3D shape in multiple structures. While there are existing methods for analyzing shape variation in articulated structures in two-dimensional (2D) space, these methods do not work in 3D, a rapidly growing area of capability and research. Here, we describe a simple geometric rigid rotation approach that removes the effect of random translation and rotation, enabling the morphological analysis of 3D articulated structures. Our method is based on Cartesian coordinates in 3D space, so it can be applied to any morphometric problem that also uses 3D coordinates (e.g., spherical harmonics). We demonstrate the method by applying it to a landmark-based dataset for analyzing shape variation using geometric morphometrics. We have developed an R tool (ShapeRotator) so that the method can be easily implemented in the commonly used R package geomorph and MorphoJ software. This method will be a valuable tool for 3D morphological analyses in articulated structures by allowing an exhaustive examination of shape and size diversity. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 818 KW - articulation KW - morphology KW - motion correction KW - multi-modular morphology Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-426321 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 818 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nagel, Rebecca A1 - Kirschbaum, Frank A1 - Hofmann, Volker A1 - Engelmann, Jacob A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Electric pulse characteristics can enable species recognition in African weakly electric fish species T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Communication is key to a wide variety of animal behaviours and multiple modalities are often involved in this exchange of information from sender to receiver. The communication of African weakly electric fish, however, is thought to be predominantly unimodal and is mediated by their electric sense, in which species-specific electric organ discharges (EODs) are generated in a context-dependent and thus variable sequence of pulse intervals (SPI). While the primary function of the electric sense is considered to be electrolocation, both of its components likely carry information regarding identity of the sender. However, a clear understanding of their contribution to species recognition is incomplete. We therefore analysed these two electrocommunication components (EOD waveform and SPI statistics) in two sympatric mormyrid Campylomormyrus species. In a set of five playback conditions, we further investigated which components may drive interspecific recognition and discrimination. While we found that both electrocommunication components are species-specific, the cues necessary for species recognition differ between the two species studied. While the EOD waveform and SPI were both necessary and sufficient for species recognition in C. compressirostris males, C. tamandua males apparently utilize other, non-electric modalities. Mapped onto a recent phylogeny, our results suggest that discrimination by electric cues alone may be an apomorphic trait evolved during a recent radiation in this taxon. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 470 KW - Dwelling Atlantic Mollies KW - Organ Discharge Patterns KW - Mormyrid Fish KW - Pollimyrus-Isidori KW - Acoustic-Signals KW - Sexual Selection KW - Phylogenetic-Relationships KW - Hypopomus-Occidentalis KW - Convergent Evolution KW - Poecili-Mexicana Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-417577 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nagel, Rebecca A1 - Kirschbaum, Frank A1 - Engelmann, Jacob A1 - Hofmann, Volker A1 - Pawelzik, Felix A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph T1 - Male-mediated species recognition among African weakly electric fishes T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Effective communication among sympatric species is often instrumental for behavioural isolation, where the failure to successfully discriminate between potential mates could lead to less fit hybrid offspring. Discrimination between con- and heterospecifics tends to occur more often in the sex that invests more in offspring production, i.e. females, but males may also mediate reproductive isolation. In this study, we show that among two Campylomormyrus Africanweakly electric fish species, males preferentially associate with conspecific females during choice tests using live fish as stimuli, i.e. when all sensory modalities potentially used for communication were present. We then conducted playback experiments to determine whether the species-specific electric organ discharge (EOD) used for electrocommunication serves as the cue for this conspecific association preference. Interestingly, only C. compressirostris males associated significantly more with the conspecific EOD waveform when playback stimuli were provided, while no such association preference was observed in C. tamandua males. Given our results, the EOD appears to serve, in part, as a male-mediated pre-zygotic isolation mechanism among sympatric species. However, the failure of C. tamandua males to discriminate between con- and heterospecific playback discharges suggests that multiple modalities may be necessary for species recognition in some African weakly electric fish species. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 645 KW - Campylomormyrus KW - communication KW - electric fishes KW - pre-zygotic isolation KW - species recognition Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-425016 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 645 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krupkova, Olga A1 - Smolders, Lucas A1 - Wuertz-Kozak, Karin A1 - Cook, James A1 - Pozzi, Antonio T1 - The pathobiology of the meniscus BT - a comparison between the human and dog T2 - Frontiers in Veterinary Science N2 - Serious knee pain and related disability have an annual prevalence of approximately 25% on those over the age of 55 years. As curative treatments for the common knee problems are not available to date, knee pathologies typically progress and often lead to osteoarthritis (OA). While the roles that the meniscus plays in knee biomechanics are well characterized, biological mechanisms underlying meniscus pathophysiology and roles in knee pain and OA progression are not fully clear. Experimental treatments for knee disorders that are successful in animal models often produce unsatisfactory results in humans due to species differences or the inability to fully replicate disease progression in experimental animals. The use of animals with spontaneous knee pathologies, such as dogs, can significantly help addressing this issue. As microscopic and macroscopic anatomy of the canine and human menisci are similar, spontaneous meniscal pathologies in canine patients are thought to be highly relevant for translational medicine. However, it is not clear whether the biomolecular mechanisms of pain, degradation of extracellular matrix, and inflammatory responses are species dependent. The aims of this review are (1) to provide an overview of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the human and canine meniscus, (2) to compare the known signaling pathways involved in spontaneous meniscus pathology between both species, and (3) to assess the relevance of dogs with spontaneous meniscal pathology as a translational model. Understanding these mechanisms in human and canine meniscus can help to advance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for painful knee disorders and improve clinical decision making. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 677 KW - meniscus KW - inflammation KW - oxidative stress KW - pain KW - dog Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-460868 SN - 1866-8364 IS - 677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risbey, James S. A1 - Lewandowsky, Stephan A1 - Cowtan, Kevin A1 - Oreskes, Naomi A1 - Rahmstorf, Stefan A1 - Jokimäki, Ari A1 - Foster, Grant T1 - A fluctuation in surface temperature in historical context BT - reassessment and retrospective on the evidence T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - This work reviews the literature on an alleged global warming 'pause' in global mean surface temperature (GMST) to determine how it has been defined, what time intervals are used to characterise it, what data are used to measure it, and what methods used to assess it. We test for 'pauses', both in the normally understood meaning of the term to mean no warming trend, as well as for a 'pause' defined as a substantially slower trend in GMST. The tests are carried out with the historical versions of GMST that existed for each pause-interval tested, and with current versions of each of the GMST datasets. The tests are conducted following the common (but questionable) practice of breaking the linear fit at the start of the trend interval ('broken' trends), and also with trends that are continuous with the data bordering the trend interval. We also compare results when appropriate allowance is made for the selection bias problem. The results show that there is little or no statistical evidence for a lack of trend or slower trend in GMST using either the historical data or the current data. The perception that there was a 'pause' in GMST was bolstered by earlier biases in the data in combination with incomplete statistical testing. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1023 KW - climate variability KW - climate trends KW - temperature fluctuation KW - pause hiatus Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-468041 SN - 1866-8372 VL - 13 IS - 1023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skinner, Christopher J. A1 - Coulthard, Tom J. A1 - Schwanghart, Wolfgang A1 - Van De Wiel, Marco J. A1 - Hancock, Greg T1 - Global sensitivity analysis of parameter uncertainty in landscape evolution models T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - The evaluation and verification of landscape evolution models (LEMs) has long been limited by a lack of suitable observational data and statistical measures which can fully capture the complexity of landscape changes. This lack of data limits the use of objective function based evaluation prolific in other modelling fields, and restricts the application of sensitivity analyses in the models and the consequent assessment of model uncertainties. To overcome this deficiency, a novel model function approach has been developed, with each model function representing an aspect of model behaviour, which allows for the application of sensitivity analyses. The model function approach is used to assess the relative sensitivity of the CAESAR-Lisflood LEM to a set of model parameters by applying the Morris method sensitivity analysis for two contrasting catchments. The test revealed that the model was most sensitive to the choice of the sediment transport formula for both catchments, and that each parameter influenced model behaviours differently, with model functions relating to internal geomorphic changes responding in a different way to those relating to the sediment yields from the catchment outlet. The model functions proved useful for providing a way of evaluating the sensitivity of LEMs in the absence of data and methods for an objective function approach. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1084 KW - self-organized criticality KW - rainfall variability KW - sediment transport KW - periglacial engine KW - hydraulic models KW - numerical models KW - mountain erosion KW - river KW - catchment KW - scale Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-468013 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1084 SP - 4873 EP - 4888 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biterova, Ekaterina A1 - Esmaeeli Moghaddam Tabalvandani, Mariam A1 - Alanen, Heli I. A1 - Saaranen, Mirva A1 - Ruddock, Lloyd W. T1 - Structures of Angptl3 and Angptl4 BT - modulators of triglyceride levels and coronary artery disease T2 - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe N2 - Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of death globally and is linked to a number of risk factors including serum low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, triglycerides and lipoprotein(a). Recently two proteins, angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4, have emerged from genetic studies as being factors that significantly modulate plasma triglyceride levels and coronary artery disease. The exact function and mechanism of action of both proteins remains to be elucidated, however, mutations in these proteins results in up to 34% reduction in coronary artery disease and inhibition of function results in reduced plasma triglyceride levels. Here we report the crystal structures of the fibrinogen-like domains of both proteins. These structures offer new insights into the reported loss of function mutations, the mechanisms of action of the proteins and open up the possibility for the rational design of low molecular weight inhibitors for intervention in coronary artery disease. T3 - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe - 1048 KW - angiopoitin-like 4 KW - of-function mutations KW - cardiovascular-disease KW - lipoprotein-lipase KW - heart-disease KW - risk KW - recognition KW - protein KW - metaanalysis KW - association KW - cardiovascular biology KW - x-ray crystallography Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-467943 SN - 1866-8372 IS - 1048 ER -